七年级英语下册_知识点总结_牛津上海版

七年级英语下册知识点总结牛津上海版

Module 1 Garden City and its neighbours

Unit 1 Writing a travel guide

Unit 2 Going to see a film

Unit 3 A visit to Garden City

Unit 4 Let’s go shopping

1. How are you getting on with your travel guide?

get on with “进展”; “与……相处 (融洽)”

I’m getting on well with the preparation.

How are you getting on with your new classmates?

2. be famous for… (以 /由于……出名)

be (well) known as…(以 / 作为….被人知晓)

Shanghai is famous for its night views.

Shanghai is also known a s a “Shopping Paradise” becausethere are a lot of

department stores and huge shopping centres.上海被誉为“购物天堂”，因为上海有

很多百货商店和大型购物中心。

Qingpu is famous for its fish and rice.

3. It is + adj. + that (主语从句), 表示“……太……了”

It is wonderful that we can have dinner on the 91st floor in Shanghai World Financial Centre.

It is not surprising that many tourists come to visit Shanghai every year to

shop.

It is + adj. + to do sth.

It is convenient to travel between Pudong and Puxi.

=To travel between Pudong and Puxi is convenient.

It is terrible to have dinner in this restaurant. The food tastes awful.

=To have dinner in this restaurant is terrible.

4. If you go there, you will see a huge open area with green grass, trees, fountains and pigeons. 主句用一般将来（或can, may, must），从句用一般现在时。

Firemen will have no water to put out fires if there is no rain.

We’ll go on an outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

If you go there, you can find a famous church.

5. The Maglev takes you to the international airport in about eight minutes.

磁悬浮列车可以在八分钟之内将你带到国际机场。

take sb. to … “带某人去某地”

in + 时间段, 表示 1.“在......之内”； 2. “在……之后”

My father used to take me to the park nearly every weekend.

It takes you about eight minutes to travel to the international airport by Maglev.

The artist could draw a horse in five minutes.

I would like to be an English teacher in 10 years’ time.

My father will be back from Australia in a week.

Travelling in Shanghai

Shanghai is in the east of China. It is an international city. It is famous for its night views, local snacks. It is also known as a “Shopping Paradise” because there are a lot of department stores and shopping centres.If you go to Shanghai, you will see People’s Square. It is in the centre of Shanghai. If you go to Pudong, you can see the Oriental Pearl TV Tower and Shanghai Science and Technology Museum. The Maglev takes you to the international airport in about eight minutes. At Sheshan you will find a famous church and an observatory. In Yu Garden, you can eat different kinds of local snacks.There are many interesting places in Shanghai. Therefore, it is not surprising that tourists come to visit Shanghai every year!

6. take (have) a look at... = look at…

Let’s take (have) a look at the film guide.

Would you like to have a look at the photo?

7. hate to do sth. = hate doing sth. 不喜欢，讨厌

I hate action films.

(I hate seeing action films./ I hate to see action films.)

8. It’s an action film and it’s very exciting.

action film （武打片，动作片）; love story （爱情片）;

cartoon （卡通片）; exciting film（惊险片）;

cowboy story （西部片）; horror story （恐怖片）;

police story（警匪片）; documentary（纪录片）

9. be full of … “充满，挤满” （状态）

be filled with … “灌满，装满” （动作）

The bottle is full of milk. (The bottle is filled with milk.)

At lunch time, the school dining room is always full of people.

Our English teacher is a man full of energy.

The street is full of people.（句意不变）

→ The street is crowded with people.

10.--How long is the film? 电影片长多久？ -- It’s 120 minutes.

→How long does the film last? It lasts 80 minutes.

The duration of “Swan Lake” is 80 minutes.

11.How much are they going to pay for the tickets altogether?

Sb. pays… for sth.

I paid 90 yuan for the coat last Saturday.

→ How much did you pay for the coat last Saturday?

Sth. costs sb. …

The coat cost me 90 yuan last Saturday.

The experiment cost him two years of hard work.

Sb. spends … on sth.

Every morning Peter spends half an hour on /(in) reading English.

I spent one and a half hours doing my homework last night.

It takes sb. … to do sth.

It took us 30 minutes to get to the Grand View Garden by car.

It takes me five minutes to walk to school in the morning.

You can take a bus there. (You can go there by bus.)

We took a cable car up to the top of the mountain.

Welcome to Sheshan

Suggested questions:

1. Where is Sheshan in Shanghai?

2. Which places can you visit in Sheshan?

3. How can you go there and what do you think of Sheshan?

Sheshan is in the southwest of Sha nghai. It’s about 30 kilometres away from the centre of the city.There are many interesting places in Sheshan. You can visit the Forest Parkand there is a famous church at the top of the mountain.If you go there, you can also find an observatory.It’s a bea utiful resort. You can go there by bus. I think you will enjoy yourself there.

12. for prep. 达（时间段）之久；

since prep. & conj. 自从（过去时间点）以来

My uncle has been in the Army for 3 years.

= (My uncle joined the Army 3 years ago.)

Peter has worked in this company since 2005.

= (Peter started to work in this company in 2005.)

= (Peter has worked in this company for 4 years.)

I have had the digital camera for 2 years.

= I bought the digital camera 2 years ago.

My grandfather has lived in the old town since he was born.

I haven’t seen you for a long time.

His father has been in Shanghai for quite a few years.

13. Aunt Betty works in a company in Beijing, doesn’t she?

She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she?

It’s very cold today, isn’t it?

Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?

It is impossible to learn English well without remembering more words, isn’t it?

My sister never tells a lie, does she?

She can hardly speak Chinese, can she?

He was seldom late for school, was he?

I am an English teacher, aren’t I?

（注：回答此类问题时，应按实际情况当一般疑问句作答，用Yes或No；但回答“前否后肯” 的句子时，它的中英文意思则不同。）

--You can’t do it, can you? （你不会做这事，是吗？）

-- No, I can’t. （是的，我不会。）

-- Yes, I can. （不，我会的。）

I have been to Shanghai

Shanghai is in the east of China.It is one of the largest cities in the world. It is not only famous for its night views, but also known as a shopping paradise. Every year a number of tourists come to visit Shanghai.

I went to Shanghai with my parents last Sunday. We bought many things in Nanjing Road Walk Way.There you can find a lot of department stores and shopping centres. In Yu Garden, we ate different local snacks. They are very tasty. In the afternoon we visited Pudong New District and the international airport. If you go to Pudong, you can see the Oriental Pearl TV Tower and Shanghai Science and Technology Museum. There’re many interesting places in Shanghai. I’m proud of the great city -- Shanghai.

14. --Do you like the jeans with the yellow belt or the ones with the blue belt?

--I like the ones with the blue belt.

--Do you like the shirt with the long sleeves or the one with the short sleeves?

--I like the one with the short sleeves.

(注：选择疑问句朗读时要先升后降，回答时不用 yes 和 no, 应直接回答；the ones 替代前面对应的复数名词, the one 替代前面对应的单数名词)

I don’t want these green peppers. Have you got any red ones?

Our new CD player is more expensive than the one we had before.

The child doesn’t like this book. Show her a more interesting one.

15. Excuse me. “劳驾，借光”；与I’m sorry. (Sorry.) (对不起，请原谅)

Excuse me, which is the way to Grand View Garden?

Excuse me, what’s the time by your watch?

(常用That’s all right. / Certainly. /Never mind. 回答)

I’m sorry for my being late.

I’m sorry for having kept you waiting for so long.

(常用That’s all right. / Not at all. / It doesn’t matter. 回答)

16. buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.

give sth to sb. = give sb. sth.

Father bought a new pair of jeans for me yesterday.

=Fahter bought me a new pair of jeans yesterday.

My friend Tom gave a notebook to me.

= My friend Tom gave me a notebook.

Mum, can you make me a birthday cake?

= Mum, can you make a birthday cake for me?

Can you pass the ball to me?

= Can you pass me the ball?

17. --What do you need to buy at the shops?

--I need to buy a computer book for my father.

注意否定句的改写:

We don’t need to go shopping today. (实义动词)

= We needn’t go shopping today. (情态动词)

We don’t need to buy anything there. (实义动词)

We need to buy nothing there. (实义动词)

We needn’t buy anything there. (情态动词)

We need buy nothing there. (情态动词)

Module 2 Better future

Unit 5 What can we learn from others?

Unit 6 Hard work for a better life

Unit 7 In the future

Unit 8 A more enjoyable school life

19. Who do you think is a model s tudent? “do you think” 句中用作插入语 = Who is a model student, do you think?

-- I think Kitty is a model student.

What do you think will happen in ten years’ time?

His mother is a model of hard work. (模范)

Children enjoy making airplane models. (模型)

Andy is a famous model. (模特)

20. Long ago, there was a poor farmer called Fred.

“called Fred” 过去分词短语作定语 (后置)

They have a pet dog named (called) Sam. (过去分词短语作定语 )

The lady in red is Tom’s mother. (介词短语作定语 )

The girl in charge of our class is Alice. (介词短语作定语 )

The man with a book in his hand has just come from Canada. (介词短语作定语 ) The children running in the playground are the students of Class 4. (现在分词短语作定语)

21. Although Maths is difficult for Kitty, she never gives it up.

be difficult for 对……有难处，对……而言是困难的

It is difficult for the students to recite such a long text.

Is it difficult for you to solve this problem?

give up 放弃，放弃做某事

give up sth. give up doing sth. (give it up; give them up)

Smoking is bad for health. My fahter gave it up at forty.

=My father gave up smoking at forty because it is bad for health.

22. I hope other people will learn from you.

His suggestion is that we should learn from each other.

We should learn from Leifeng.

I hope you will learn a lot during your stay in America.

23. reply 与 answer v. n.

They didn’t reply to our new suggestion. (v.)

I haven’t got the reply to my letter. (n.)

You must reply to / answer this letter right away.(v.)

I received no reply / answer to my request. (n.)

24. It is +adj. + to do sth.

It’s interesting to see butterflies flying around the flowers.

It’s dangerous to play football in the street.

It’s awful to walk in wet and dirty streets in spring.

It’s nice to see birds making nests in spring.

It is very kind of you to come and help me.

It was silly of me to say such a thing.

It is difficult for the students to recite such a long text.

Is it difficult for you to solve this problem?

25. see … do sth. “看见某人做了某事” （动作的全过程）

see… diong sth. “看见某人正在做某事” （动作正在进行）

It’s interesting to see butterflies flying around the flowers.

I saw her go into the teachers’ office minutes ago.

I saw the boys flying the kites in the park this afternoon.

26. What does spring make you think of? （想起，考虑）

Spring makes me think of beautiful flowers and green trees.

They’re thinking of /about buying a new car.（考虑）

Lei Feng was always thinking of others. （着想）

I’ll think about your suggestion, and give you an answer tomorrow. （考虑）

Think it over, and you’ll find a way.（仔细考虑）

Write at least sixty words according to the given situation:

Questions:

1.Why did you buy a present for your mother?

2. What did you buy for her?

3. What is it used for?

4. Where did you buy it?

5. How did you get there?

6. Did your mother like it? Why?

A present for my mother

Last Sunday was Internatial Women’s Day. On that day I bought a present for my mother. It was a key ring. It is used for holding keys. I bought it in a toy shoping centre of the city. I went there by bus. When I gave it to my mother, she was very excited. She said she liked it very much. Although it was not very expensive, it was my first present for my mother. (75 words)

27. silly 头脑简单，傻头傻脑的；

stupid 智力差的，反应迟钝的；

foolish 没头脑的，缺乏常识与判断力的

Stop asking such silly questions!

He is very stupid in learning Maths.

It was a foolish thing to ask for the moon.

28. There will be plenty of food in the forest in winter.

There is a bus every five minutes.

There was a very good film on TV last night.

This road is very dangerous. There have been many accidents.

I’m going away tomorrow. I’ll do my packing today because there won’t be time tomorrow.

There will be a large garden in our school.

29. He collected food and took it into his house.

Would you please take the suitcase into my room for me?

注意 take 的用法：

(1) 拿；取； I want to take some books to the classroom.

(2) 吃；喝；服用；添加 Take this medicine three times a day.

(3) 乘车（船） They usually take a bus to work.

(4) 花费（时间，金钱）How long will it take you to do your homework every day?

(5) 做……事情

take a walk; take a rest; take a look; take away; take care;

take good care of; ta ke down; take out; take off; take one’s time (Please take your time!

请慢慢来!) ; take one’s temperature

30. He looked for food everywhere, but he found nothing.

nothing = not anything

He found nothing. = He didn’t find anything.

look for (寻找的动作过程)

find (寻找的结果)

He has looked for his lost key, but he can’t find it.

31. He felt cold, hungry and disappointed. 系动词 + 形容词（系表结构）

--You look tired. --Yes, I feel tired.

The boy looks sad. He looks sadly at his mother for help.

It smells good.

The price sounds reasonable.

Silk feels smooth.

32. The ant heard the grasshopper and came out of his house.

out of 用法很多，请注意：

out of action (失去作用，停止运动) out of breath (上气不接下气)

out of control (失去控制) out of date/out of fashion (过时)

out of doubt (确定无疑) out of kindness (出于好意)

out of order (不整齐) out of one’s power (力所不及)

out of place (不适当，不相称) out of question (毫无疑问)

out of the question (不可能，成问题) out of shape (变形)

out of work (失业，下岗)

I saw him come out of the supermarket with a lady yesterday. Maybe it was his elder sister. Fish can not live out of water.

This will happen in nine out of ten.

The ship is out of sight.

The traffic accident was out of carelessness in driving.

We are out of tea.

This paragraph is out of Marx’s works.

He talked his wife out of buying the new bicycle. (他说服妻子不要买新自行车了)

33. What’s the matter (with you), my friend?

= What’s wrong with you?

= What’s the trouble with you?

= What’s the problem?

= What’s troubling you?

34. Perhaps people will be able to live on other planets.

be able to 与 can 表示“能力”可以换用：

Can you speak French? / Are you able to speak French?

Look! I can swim. 但不说： Look! I’m able to swim.

be able to 比 can 有更多的变化形式：

When he grows up, he will be able to support his family.

Frank is ill. He hasn’t been able to go to school for a week.

could 常和 see, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember, understand等动词连用：

When we entered the room, we could smell something burning.

Although she spoke in a very low voice, I could understand what she said.

It was a long word, but I could remember how to spell it.

35. Perhaps there will be no water or air on the earth.

perhaps adv. = maybe, possibly

Perhaps / Maybe she’ll be back tomorrow.

She will possibly be back tomorrow.

no water or air 并立连接否定内容时要用 or :

There is no oil or salt at home now.

on earth 与 on the earth

Long ago huge animals lived on the earth.

很久以前，地球上生活着巨型动物。

Why on earth didn’t you tell me the truth?

你到底 / 究竟为什么不跟我说实话？（表示加重语气）

36. Perhaps people in different countries will all be able to speak the same

language. (same 前一般要加定冠词)

The students come from different parts of the world.

Those shirts are all the same size.

different from / the same as

The cultures in China are different from those in foreign countries.

Her hair is the same colour as her mother’s.

Tom is the same height as Jack.

37. I hope (that )there will be enough food for everyone.

hope to do sth.

hope (that) 跟宾语从句（宾语从句常用一般将来时或情态动词）

I hope that I will become an astronaut.

Tom hopes that people will not pollute the Earth.

I hope to go to Qingdao with my father at the weekend.

I hope……多用于对好事的盼望和预想；

I’m afraid……多用于对坏事的预想

I hope it will be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天天好。

I’m afraid it will rain again tomorrow. 恐怕明天还会下雨。

38. After ten years, we can open the box and see how things have changed.

after 在某个特定时间以后，也可用将来时态:

The film will be shown after 8 o’clock this evening.

They will start working after 10 a.m.

in 从现在起的一段时间以后，用将来时态:

They will start working in half an hour.

A hard-working classmate

Peter and I have been classmates since we came into middle school. He walks to school every morning because he says it is useful to exexcise more. Although Peter lives far away from school, he is never late for class. He gets up very early in the morning, and he practises reading English regularly. At school, he is always ready to help others. He also helps his teachers although he is busy with his studies. He is one of the top students in our class. Once he told me that he had a lot of pocket money but he never wasted it. He has decided to buy some books and send them to the poor children in the west. All the teachers and classmates love him very much. What a hard-working classmate Peter is!

The problem I have ever had.

Suggested questions:

1. What was the problem you have ever had?

2. Why do you think it was a problem?

3. How do you deal with it?

I have ever had a big problem. I couldn’t recite the English text. I always failed in recitation although I read the text again and again. I knew English was very useful in our life and it became more and more important.

I asked my English teacher for help. He suggested I (should) go to the English corner and try to talk with the students and the foreign teacher there in English. I did so and I found it was a good way to improve my English level. Now I can recite each text I have learned and get good marks in recitation.

39. It is + adj. + to do sth. 与 It would be + adj. + to do sth.

It is nice to eat ice cream in summer. (真实)

It would be nice to have a swimming pool in our school.

要是我们学校有个游泳池多好。(假设)

40. 构词法–前缀

possible – impossible; polite – impolite;

necessary – unnecessary; like – unlike; tidy -- untidy

comfortable – uncomfortable; able – unable;

interesting – uninteresting; important -- unimportant

like v. – dislike; appear – disappear; agree – disagree

41. 反身代词使用时应于主语相对呼应：

I （主格）– myself（单数）– ourselves （复数）;

you – yourself –yourselves; he – himself – themsleves；

she – herself – themselves; it – itself -- themsleves

(1) 作动词宾语或介词宾语 :

She is teaching herself English. 她正在自学英语。

She was talking to herself. 她在自言自语。

He lives in the country by himself. 他独自住在乡下。

(2) 作主语同位语：（亲自，本身）

Did you make the cake yourself? 这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗？

The work itself is easy. 这工作本身很容易。

(3) 作表语：（表示身体或精神状态）

I’m not myself today. 我今天不舒服。

I am feeling myself again. 我觉得身体舒服了。

(4) 用于口语与固定用法中：

Help youself to the cakes, Kitty! 请随便吃蛋糕，Kitty！

Make yourself at home! 别客气！

Don’t upset youself! 别自寻烦恼！

He can’t make himself heard (understood).

Module 3 The natural elements

Unit 9 The wind is blowing

Unit 10 Water festival

*Unit 11 Electricity

Sports and our life

Suggestions:

1.What’s your favourite sport?

2.How do you play it in your spare time?

3.How does the sport influence (影响) your life?

There are many kinds of sports all around the world. And My favourite sport is playing badminton. I always play badminton with my classmates in PE leaasons and we have agood time together. Sometimes I also play badminton with myparents at weekends. It can make me healthy and strong. My parents like it, too. I think it is a good way to kill time and spend our weekend well.

Life in the future

What do you think our life will be like in the future? Perhaps people will have robots. The robots will help us do all the housework. Perhaps there will be computers and vision phones in every home. Children will study on computers. Perhaps people will fly to the moon and live on it.I also think people will be able to build many beautiful cities under the sea. We can live under the sea and watch all the living things under the sea. How wonderful our future life will be!

42. 形容词的比较等级

(1) 原形容词后加 er, est 构成比较级和最高级：

cold — colder — coldest; young –younger – youngest;

fast – faster – fastest; cheap –cheaper – cheapest

(2) 原形容词词尾是字母 e 时，加 r, st 构成比较级和最高级：

large – larger –largest; nice – nicer – nicerst

(3) 原形容词词尾是辅音字母+ y时，去 y, 加ier, iest 构成比较级和最高级：

dry – drier –driest; friendly – friendlier – friendliest

pretty –prettier –prettiest; easy – easier –easiest;

(4) 原形容词是重读闭音节时，双写词末辅音字母，加 er, est构成比较级和最高级：

big – bigger –biggest; hot – hotter – hottest;

thin – thinner – thinnest; wet – wetter --wettest

(5) 部分双音节及三个音节以上的形容词，在其前加 more, most构成比较级和最高级：

beautiful – more beautiful -- most beautiful;

comfortable – more comfortable -- most comfortable;

difficult -- more difficult -- most difficult;

expensive -- more expensive -- most expensive

(6)不规则的变化须记住：

bad –worse – worst; good / well –better – best;

many / much – more – most

（注意：原形容词最高级前须加定冠词 the）

句型如下：

A. 同级相比(肯定) as … as； (否定) not as(so) … as

B. 比较级：形容词比较级 + than …

C. 最高级：形容词最高级 + in 群体

Translate the following into English:

1. 我的风筝没有你的大。

My kite is not as big as yours.

2. 你的风筝比我的小。

Your kite is smaller than mine.

3. 他们的风筝没我们的更有色彩。

Their kite isn’t as colourful as ours.

(Our kite is more coloueful than theirs.)

4. 我的风筝最大最漂亮。

My kite is the biggest and the most beautiful.

5. 她的（风筝）没你的漂亮。

Hers is not as beautiful as yours.

6. Joe 的风筝比 Kitty 的更有色彩。

Joe’s (kite) is more colourful than Kitty’s.

43. Strength is not always important. (力气)

He hasn’t got enough strength to remove that stone.

I haven’t the strength to lift the heavy box.

Union is strength. 团结就是力量。

44. Mr Wind was very proud. He liked showing off his strength all the time. (proud adj. 骄傲的，自豪

的，得意的)

I’m proud to be your friend. 做你的朋友我感到骄傲。

She is proud that she is the cheerleader of the school.

be proud of / take pride in (为……感到自豪)

We are proud of (take pride in) our motherland.

show off (炫耀，卖弄)

The Emperor liked showing off his new clothes.

He is showing off his new mobile phone.

45. I think Mr Sun is stronger than Mr Wind.

I think 后如跟否定句，则要否定在主句上：

I don’t think Mr Wind is stronger than Mr Sun.

我认为风先生没有太阳先生厉害。

I don’t think he is good at learning English.

我认为他不擅长学英语。

(误) I think he isn’t a good boy.

(正) I don’t think he is a good boy. 我认为他不是个好男孩。

46. That man felt hot and took off his coat. (脱下)

You’d better take off your coat. It’s very warm inside.

Put on more clothes when you go out. (穿上)

The plane will take off in 20 minutes. (起飞)

The sports meet was taken off because of the bad weather. (取消)

How to be a good student?

As a good student, we should have good habits and ways of learning. We need to get ready for our lessons before class, and always listen to the teacher carefully in class. After class, we must go over the lessons and finish our homework on time.It’s good to study in groups and help each.As a student, working hard is important. But don’t forget to dosports and keep healthy. We should do more reading in our free time. If we have any problems, we’d better ask others forhelp. I hope all these will be helpful to you.

47. Today, I’m goingto teach you how to make a kite.

疑问词 + 不定式的结构作动词宾语

Can you tell me where to go tomorrow?

Do you know when to set off?

Please let me know what to do next.

48. To make a kite, you need some thin sticks, some pieces

of coloured paper and a reel of string.

不定式短语作目的状语 = in order to

To answer this question, you need to do a survey first.

To find out the thief, the police searched nearly

everywhere.

To get good marks, you should study even harder.

49. Finally, tie the frame to a reel of string.

tie … to …“把……系在……上”

The robber tied him to a chair. 强盗把他捆在椅子上。

The boy tied the sheep to a tree. 小孩把羊栓在一棵树上。

注意：

He tied the papers with string. 他用绳子把报纸捆起来。

50. rise – rose –risen vi. (不及物动词) 上升，起身

raise – raised –raised vt. (及物动词)使升起来，举起

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

The chairman rose from his chair. 主席从椅子上站了起来。

The sun has not yet risen. 太阳还没升起。

Raise your hands if you have any questions.

The rain raised the river.

Soldiers raise the national flag early in the morning.

51. speed – sped – sped 快速前行，加速

The ambulance sped to the hospital.

Tom was fined for speeding.

The train is travelling at a speed of sixty miles an hour. (n.)

52. among (三者或三者以上) 与 between (两者之间)

They hid themselves among the trees.

I found it among a pile of old books.

This book is the best among the modern novels.

Shanghai is among (one of) the largest cities in the world.

There was a fight between the two boys.

I am usually free between

Tuesday and Thursday.

Children usually have a short break between two classes.

We must save water.

( Water is important. )

Water is very important to us. Everyday we drink water, cook with water, take a shower inwater, and have many outdoor activities with water.

Although 75% of the surface of the Earth is covered with water, most of the water on the Earth is in the oceans. So only 3% of water on the Earth can be used as drinkingwater. A person can live without food for more than a month,

but a person can only live without water for about one week.

Water is getting less and less, and it becomes more and more important. It’s time for us to save water.

53. Next, make ice cubes out of the different kinds of fruit juice.

make … out of …“用……来制作……”

We can make many things out of bamboo.

我们可以用竹子做很多东西。

Children usually make lanterns out of pumpkins.

孩子们通常用南瓜来做灯笼。

54. pour…into…“将……倒入……中”

I’ve poured coffee into ypur cup by mistake.

我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。

add … to…“将……加入……中”

Please add some salt to the soup.

Add the ice cubes to the lemonnade, please.

55. The iced fruit punch is ready. 冰镇水果宾治就做好了。

be ready Dinner is ready. 晚饭准备好了。

Are you ready? 你（们）准备好了吗？

be ready for = get ready for = prepare for 为……做准备

The students are getting ready for the exam.

be ready to do sth. = get ready to do sth.

准备做某事；乐意做某事

Are you getting ready to run? 你们准备好跑步了吗？

Peter is a model student. He is always ready to help others.

Peter是个模范学生，他总是乐于助人。

56. freeze–froze–frozen -freezing

Water freezes at 0°c. （v. 结冰）

Don’t eat too much frozen food. （adj. 冰冻的）

We can’t go out in such freezing weather. （adj. 极寒冷的）

The three forms of water

Suggested questions:

1.What are the three forms of water?

2.What will happen if we change the forms?

We all know that there are three forms of water in our lives. They are water, ice and steam. When water freezes, it turns into ice. When ice melts, it turns into water again. If we boil water, it will turn into steam. However, when steam cools down, it turns into water again. Water in our lives is very important. And the drinking water on the Earth is getting less and less. So we mustn’t waste water.

57. No diving. (标志用语)

= Diving is not allowed.

= People mustn’t dive.

= Don’t dive.

No ball games. (Ball games are not allowed. / Popple mustn’t play ball

games./ Don’t play ball games.)

No U-turn! 禁止调头。

No parking here! 此处禁止停车。

58. Fishing is not allowed.= You mustn’t fish.

Mother allowed me to play computer games for a while.

Swimming is not allowed at this beach.

= You mustn’t swim at this beach.

You are not allowed to park your car here.