考研数学二历年真题word版

考研数学二历年真题word版
考研数学二历年真题word版

2010年考研数学二真题一填空题(8×4=32分)

2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

数学二试题

一、选择题:1~8小题,每小题4分,共32分,下列每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内.

(1)函数

()3

sin x x f x nx

-=的可去间断点的个数,则( )

()A 1.

()B 2. ()C 3.

()D 无穷多个.

(2)当0x

→时,()sin f x x ax =-与()()2ln 1g x x bx =-是等价无穷小,则( )

()A 11,6a b ==-. ()B 11,6a b ==. ()C 11,6a b =-=-. ()D 1

1,6a b =-=.

(3)设函数(),z

f x y =的全微分为dz xdx ydy =+,则点()0,0( )

()A 不是(),f x y 的连续点. ()B 不是(),f x y 的极值点. ()C 是(),f x y 的极大值点. ()D 是(),f x y 的极小值点.

(4)设函数

(),f x y 连续,则()()22241

1

,,y

x

y

dx f x y dy dy f x y dx -+=????

( )

()A ()2

411

,x

dx f x y dy -??. ()B ()241,x

x

dx f x y dy -??.

()C ()2

411

,y

dy f x y dx -??.

()D .()2

2

1,y dy f x y dx ??

(5)若

()f x ''不变号,且曲线()y f x =在点()1,1上的曲率圆为222x y +=,则()f x 在区间()1,2内

( )

()A 有极值点,无零点. ()B 无极值点,有零点.

()C 有极值点,有零点. ()D 无极值点,无零点.

(6)设函数

()y f x =在区间[]1,3-上的图形为:

则函数()()0

x

F

x f t dt =?的图形为( )

()A .

()B .

()

C .

()

D .

(7)设A 、B 均为2阶矩阵,**

A B ,分别为A 、B 的伴随矩阵。若A =2B =3,,则分块矩阵0

0A B ??

???

的伴随矩阵为( )

()A .**0320B A

?? ???

()B .**

2B 3A 0??

???

()

f x 0 2 3

x

1 -2

-1

1

()

f x 0

2 3

x

1 -1 1 ()

f x 0 2 3

x

1 -2

-1

1

()

f x 0 2 3

x

1 -

2 -1

1 1 ()

f x -2 0 2 3

x

-1

O

()C .**03A 2B

0?? ???

()D .**0

2A 3B 0??

???

(8)设A P ,均为3阶矩阵,T

P 为P 的转置矩阵,且T 100P AP=010002?? ? ? ???

,若

P=Q=+ααααααα1231223(,,),(,,)

,则Q AQ T

为( ) ()A .210110002??

?

? ???

()B .110120002??

?

? ??? ()C .200010002??

?

? ???

()D .100020002??

?

? ???

二、填空题:9-14小题,每小题4分,共24分,请将答案写在答题纸指定位置上.

(9)曲线2221-x=0

ln(2)u t e du y t t -?

???=-?

?在(0,0)处的切线方程为 (10)已知

+1k x

e dx ∞=-∞?,则k =

(11)n 1lim e sin 0

x

nxdx -→∞=?

(12)设()y y x =是由方程xy 1y

e x +=+确定的隐函数,则

2x=0

d y

=dx 2

(13)函数

2x y x =在区间(]01,上的最小值为

(14)设αβ,为3维列向量,T β为β的转置,若矩阵T αβ相似于200000000??

? ? ???

,则T

=βα

三、解答题:15-23小题,共94分.请将解答写在答题纸指定的位置上.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.

(15)(本题满分9分)求极限()[]40

1cos ln(1tan )lim

sin x x x x x

→--+

(16)(本题满分10 分)计算不定积分1ln(1)x

dx x

++

? (0)x >

(17)(本题满分10分)设(),,z f x y x y xy =+-,其中

f 具有2阶连续偏导数,求dz 与

2z

x y

???

(18)(本题满分10分) 设非负函数

()y y x = ()0x ≥满足微分方程20xy y '''-+=,当曲线()y y x = 过原点时,其与直线

1x =及0y =围成平面区域D 的面积为2,求D 绕y 轴旋转所得旋转体体积。

(19)(本题满分10分)求二重积分()x y dxdy -??,

其中()()()

{}

2

2

,112,D x y x y y x

=-+-≤≥

(20)(本题满分12分) 设

()y y x =是区间

-ππ(,)内过-22

π

π

(,)的光滑曲线,当-0x π<<时,曲线上任一点处的法线都过

原点,当0x π

≤<时,函数

()y x 满足0y y x ''++=。求()y x 的表达式

(21)(本题满分11分)

(Ⅰ)证明拉格朗日中值定理:若函数

()f x 在[],a b 上连续,在(),a b 可导,则存在(),a b ξ∈,使得

()()()()f b f a f b a ξ'-=-(Ⅱ

)证明:若函数()f x 在0x =处连续,在()()0,0δδ>内可导,且()0

lim x f x A +

→'=,则()0f +'存在,且()0f A +'=。

(22)(本题满分11分)设111111042A --??

?

=- ? ?--??,1112ξ-?? ?= ? ?-??

(Ⅰ)求满足2,A A ξξξξ==的所有向量,ξξ

(Ⅱ)对(Ⅰ)中的任一向量23,ξξ,证明:123,,ξξξ线性无关。

(23)(本题满分11分)设二次型()()222

1231231323,,122f x x x ax ax a x x x x x =++-+-

(Ⅰ)求二次型

f 的矩阵的所有特征值;

(Ⅱ)若二次型f

的规范形为

22

12

y y +,求a 的值。

2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

数学二试题

一、选择题:1~8小题,每小题4分,共32分,下列每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内. (1)设2()(1)(2)f x x x x =--,则'()f x 的零点个数为( )

()A 0

()B 1. ()C 2 ()D 3

(2)曲线方程为

()y f x =函数在区间[0,]a 上有连续导数,则定积分0()a

t af x dx ?( )

()A 曲边梯形ABOD 面积.

()B 梯形ABOD 面积. ()C 曲边三角形ACD 面积.

()D 三角形ACD 面积.

(3)在下列微分方程中,以

123cos2sin 2x y C e C x C x =++(123,,C C C 为任意常数)为通解的是( )

()A ''''''440y y y y +--= ()B ''''''440y y y y +++= ()C ''''''440y y y y --+=

()D ''''''440y y y y -+-=

(5)设函数

()f x 在(,)-∞+∞内单调有界,{}n x 为数列,下列命题正确的是( )

()A 若{}n x 收敛,则{}()n f x 收敛. ()B 若{}n x 单调,则{}()n f x 收敛. ()C 若{}()n f x 收敛,则{}n x 收敛.

()D 若{}()n f x 单调,则{}n x 收敛.

(6)设函数

f 连续,若2222

()(,)

uv

D f x y F u v dxdy x y +=+??

,其中区域uv D 为图中阴影部分,则

F

u

?=? ()A 2()vf u ()B 2()v

f u u

()C ()vf u

()

D ()v

f u u

(7)设

A 为n 阶非零矩阵,E 为n 阶单位矩阵. 若30A =,则( )

()A E A -不可逆,E A +不可逆. ()B E A -不可逆,E A +可逆. ()C E A -可逆,E A +可逆.

()D E A -可逆,E A +不可逆.

(8)设1221A ??

= ?,则在实数域上与A 合同的矩阵为(

()A 2112-?? ?-??

.

()B 2112-?? ?-??

.

()C 2112??

???

.

()D 1221-??

?-??.

二、填空题:9-14小题,每小题4分,共24分,请将答案写在答题纸指定位置上. (9) 已知函数

()f x 连续,且2

1cos[()]lim

1(1)()

x x xf x e f x →-=-,则(0)____f =.

(10)微分方程2()0x

y x e dx xdy -+-=的通解是____y =.

(11)曲线()()sin

ln xy y x x +-=在点()0,1处的切线方程为 .

(12)曲线

2

3

(5)y x x

=-的拐点坐标为______.

(13)设x y

y z

x ??= ???

,则

(1,2)

____z x

?=?.

(14)设3阶矩阵

A 的特征值为2,3,λ.若行列式248A =-,则___λ=.

三、解答题:15-23题,共94分.请将解答写在答题纸指定位置上.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.

(15)(本题满分9分)求极限()40sin sin sin sin lim x x x x x

→-????.

(16)(本题满分10分)

设函数()y y x =由参数方程2

0()ln(1)t x x t y u du =???=+???确定,其中()x t 是初值问题0200x t dx te dt x --?-=?

??=?

的解.求22

y

x ??.

(17)(本题满分9分)求积分

1

2

arcsin 1x x dx x

-?

.

(18)(本题满分11分)

求二重积分max(,1),D

xy dxdy ??其中{(,)02,02}D x y x y =≤≤≤≤

(19)(本题满分11分)

()f x 是区间[)0,+∞上具有连续导数的单调增加函数,且(0)1f =.对任意的[)0,t ∈+∞,直线

0,x x t ==,曲线()y f x =以及x 轴所围成的曲边梯形绕x 轴旋转一周生成一旋转体.若该旋转体的侧面积

在数值上等于其体积的2倍,求函数()f x 的表达式.

(20)(本题满分11分)

(1) 证明积分中值定理:若函数

()f x 在闭区间[,]a b 上连续,则至少存在一点[,]a b η∈,使得

()()()

b

a

f x dx f b a η=-?

(2)若函数()x ?具有二阶导数,且满足3

2

(2)(1),(2)()x dx ????>>?,证明至少存在一点(1,3),()0ξ?ξ''∈<使得

(21)(本题满分11分)

求函数222u x y z =++在约束条件22z x y =+和4x y z ++=下的最大值与最小值.

(22)(本题满分12分)

设矩阵

22

21212n n

a a a A a a ???

? ?= ? ??? ,现矩阵A 满足方程

AX B =,其中()

1,,T

n X x x = ,

()1,0,,0B = ,

(1)求证()1n A n a =+;

(2)a 为何值,方程组有唯一解,并求1x ; (3)a 为何值,方程组有无穷多解,并求通解.

(23)(本题满分10分)

A 为3阶矩阵,12,αα为A 的分别属于特征值1,1-特征向量,向量3α满足323A ααα=+,

(1)证明123,,ααα线性无关; (2)令()123,,P ααα=,求1P AP -.

2007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

数学二试题

一、选择题:1~10小题,每小题4分,共40分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内. (1)当0x

+→时,与x 等价的无穷小量是

(A )1e x

- (B )1ln

1x

x

+- (C )11x +- (D )1cos x - [ ]

(2)函数1(e e)tan ()e e x x x

f x x +=??- ???

在[],ππ-上的第一类间断点是x = [ ]

(A )0 (B )1 (C )2π- (D )2

π

(3)如图,连续函数

()y f x =在区间[][]3,2,2,3--上的图形分别是直径为

1的上、下半圆周,在区间

[][]2,0,0,2-的图形分别是直径为2的下、上半圆周,设0

()()d x

F x f t t =?,则下列结论正确的是:

(A )3(3)

(2)4F F =-- (B) 5

(3)(2)4F F =

(C )3(3)(2)4F F = (D )5

(3)(2)4

F F =-- [ ]

(4)设函数

()f x 在0x =处连续,下列命题错误的是:

(A )若0()lim

x f x x →存在,则(0)0f = (B )若0()()lim x f x f x x

→+-存在,则(0)0f = .

(C )若0()lim x f x x →存在,则(0)0f '= (D )若0()()

lim x f x f x x

→--存在,则(0)0f '=.

[ ] (5)曲线

()1

ln 1e x y x

=

++的渐近线的条数为 (A )0. (B )1. (C )2. (D )3. [ ] (6)设函数

()f x 在(0,)+∞上具有二阶导数,且()0f x ''>,令()n u f n =,则下列结论正确的是:

(A) 若12u u > ,则{}n u 必收敛. (B) 若12u u > ,则{}n u 必发散

(C) 若1

2u u < ,则{}n u 必收敛. (D) 若12u u < ,则{}n u 必发散. [ ]

(7)二元函数(,)f x y 在点()0,0处可微的一个充要条件是[ ]

(A )

()

[](,)0,0lim

(,)(0,0)0x y f x y f →-=.

(B )0

0(,0)(0,0)(0,)(0,0)

lim

0,lim 0x y f x f f y f x y

→→--==且.

(C )

()

2

2

(,)0,0(,)(0,0)

lim

0x y f x y f x y

→-=+.

(D )0

0lim (,0)(0,0)0,lim (0,)(0,0)0x x y y x y f x f f y f →→????''''-

=-=?

???

且.

(8)设函数

(,)f x y 连续,则二次积分1

sin 2

d (,)d x

x f x y y π

π??

等于

(A )1

0arcsin d (,)d y

y f x y x π

π

+?? (B )1

0arcsin d (,)d y

y f x y x π

π-??

(C )

1arcsin 0

2

d (,)d y

y f x y x ππ

+?? (D )1arcsin 0

2

d (,)d y

y f x y x ππ

-??

(9)设向量组123,,ααα线性无关,则下列向量组线性相关的是

线性相关,则

(A) 122331,,αααααα---

(B) 122331,,αααααα+++

(C)

1223312,2,2αααααα---. (D)

1223312,2,2αααααα+++. [ ]

(10)设矩阵211100121,010112000A B --????

? ?

=--= ? ? ? ?--????

,则A 与B

(A) 合同且相似 (B )合同,但不相似.

(C) 不合同,但相似. (D) 既不合同也不相似 [ ] 二、填空题:11~16小题,每小题4分,共24分. 把答案填在题中横线上. (11)

30arctan sin lim

x x x

x

→-= __________. (12)曲线2cos cos 1sin x t t y t ?=+?=+?

上对应于4t π

=的点处的法线斜率为_________.

(13)设函数

123

y x =

+,则()

(0)n y =________.

(14) 二阶常系数非齐次微分方程

2432e x y y y '''-+=的通解为y =________.

(15) 设

(,)f u v 是二元可微函数,,y x z f x y ??= ???

,则z z

x y x y ??-=?? __________.

(16)设矩阵0

1000

01000010

00

0A ?? ?

?= ? ???

,则3

A 的秩为 . 三、解答题:17~24小题,共86分. 解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. (17) (本题满分10分)设

()

f x 是区间0,4π??????

上单调、可导的函数,且满足

()

1

cos sin ()d d sin cos f x x

t t

f t t t

t t t

--=+?

?,其中1f -是f

的反函数,求

()f x .

(18)(本题满分11分) 设D 是位于曲线

2(1,0)x

a

y xa

a x -

=>≤<+∞下方、x 轴上方的无界区域. (Ⅰ)求区域D 绕x

轴旋转一周所成旋转体的体积()V a ;(Ⅱ)当a 为何值时,()V a 最小?并求此最小值.

(19)(本题满分10分)求微分方程2()y x y y ''''+=满足初始条件(1)(1)1y y '==的特解.

(20)(本题满分11分)已知函数

()f u 具有二阶导数,且(0)1f '=,函数()y y x =由方程1e 1

y y x --=所确定,设()ln sin z f y x =-,求

200

2

d d ,

d d x x z z x

x ==.

(21) (本题满分11分)设函数

(),()f x g x 在[],a b 上连续,在(,)a b 内具有二阶导数且存在相等的最大值,

()(),()()f a g a f b g b ==,证明:存在(,)a b ξ∈,使得()()f g ξξ''''=.

(22) (本题满分11分) 设二元函数

222,||||11(,),1||||2

x x y f x y x y x y ?+≤?

=?<+≤?+?

,计算二重积分

D

(,)d f x y σ??,其中(){},||||2D x y x y =+≤.

(23) (本题满分11分)

设线性方程组1231232

12302040

x x x x x ax x x a x ?++=?

++=??++=?与方程12321x x x a ++=-有公共解,求a 的值及所有公共解.

(24) (本题满分11分)

设三阶对称矩阵A 的特征向量值1231,2,2λλλ===-,T 1(1,1,1)α=-是A 的属于1λ的一个特征

向量,记534B

A A E =-+,其中E 为3阶单位矩阵.

(I )验证1α是矩阵B 的特征向量,并求B 的全部特征值与特征向量; (II )求矩阵B .

2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学二试题

一、 填空题:1-6小题,每小题4分,共24分. 把答案填在题中横线上. (1)曲线

4sin 52cos x x

y x x

+=

- 的水平渐近线方程为

(2)设函数

2

301sin d ,0

(),0

x t t x f x x

a x ?≠?=??=?? 在0x =处连续,则a = .

2019考研英语二真题及答案Word版

Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 . As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals. I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost. For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program. I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake. The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I’m trai ning according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale. Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look,

2020年考研数学二真题及答案分析(word版)

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