高考英语阅读理解复习指导——养成默读的习惯

高考英语阅读理解复习指导——养成默读的习惯
高考英语阅读理解复习指导——养成默读的习惯

高考英语阅读理解复习指导——养成默读的习惯在英语学习中,阅读占有很重要的地位。阅读理解也是高考的必考题型。但是在日常的学习中,有不少同学还没有养成良好的阅读习惯,大大影响了阅读的效率。要想提高阅读水平,首先要养成良好的阅读习惯。

养成默读的习惯

许多同学在阅读的时候都有读出声的习惯。出声阅读的主要弊病就是使自己的阅读速度和效率受到说话速度的限制。因为,正常默读速度几乎要比出声朗读的速度快两倍以上。另外,出声阅读往往以不同的形式表现出来,有时仅仅是无声地动一动嘴唇,有时甚至连嘴唇也不动,只是舌、喉在活动。嘴唇的活动无疑会影响眼睛扫视文章的速度。一个有效率的读者能够只看到印刷符号就直接获得意思,而不经过声音阶段。因此,为了克服这种不良的阅读习惯,就要训练自己养成通过眼睛直接感知文字符号的视读能力。

克服心读的习惯

心读是一种很难观察到的阅读习惯。心读时,人体的任何部位,不论嘴、头或声带都没有动,只存在一种说话的内在形式:阅读者在内心里始终自言自语,清晰地发出并听着每个字音。这种毛病亦是一种很坏的阅读习惯,它直接影响到阅读的速度和效率,并且矫正起来还比较困难。采用强制自己在深入理解文章内容的同时,又强制自己加快阅读速度的方法,一般能逐渐克服这种坏习惯。

克服指读的习惯

指读是指用手指、铅笔或尺子等指着文章的一个个词进行阅读。指读是单纯机械运动,不仅会减慢阅读速度,而且还会把注意力引向错误的方向。一个高效率的阅读者不会注意单词的位置,也不会在每个单词上平均花费时间,而是把注意力集中在作者要阐明的思想内容上。有指读习惯的同学实际上妨碍了眼睛运动并限制了大脑的快速活动能力。因此,必须克服这种不良的阅读习惯,逐渐养成用脑瞬间反映文字信息的能力。

克服复视的习惯

复视指的是读完一个句子或段落后回过头去重复阅读。阅读能力差的同学往往有复视的习惯。改变这种不良习惯的办法是让自己阅读大量难度适宜的读物。在先了解阅读要求的情况下,用眼睛快速扫描答案。这样就不会因遇到生词或不太懂的短语、句子或段落而回过头来再看,以致养成复视的习惯。

克服阅读时头摆动的习惯

有的时候,我们在阅读时头部会下意识地左右摆动,这也是阅读的一种坏习惯。在阅读过程中,有些同学往往尽量使自己的鼻尖对准正在读的每一个字。这样,当他顺着一行字往下读时,他就会轻微地摆动头部,而当他通过头的摆动来阅读下一行时,他就会很快转回去以便使鼻尖再对准阅读文章的左边。这种头部摆动的过程,自己往往意识不到,而正是这种不必要的动作对阅读的速度产生了不良的影响。因此,必须克服这种毛病,养成阅读时只移

动视线不摆动头的习惯。

还有其他一些不良的阅读习惯,如阅读时注意力不集中,“思想开小差”;有的用手或笔比划着,逐行地向下移;有的一面阅读一面玩弄着笔、尺子、钥匙等物,不时地发出响声;有的爱抖动双腿;有的过多地进行语法分析;等等。这些不良习惯直接影响到我们的思路,降低阅读速度,因此应及时纠正。

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