酸洗作业指导书中英文版

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上海利安 质量体系

酸洗作业指导书

LATS3006

酸洗作业指导书 Pickling Procedure

Revision 0

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Date

2013-07-03

2015-01-22

Prepared by

范卢勇

付连忠 Check

孟奇

朱宏飞

Standards and Regulations

Shanghai Li'An Lubrication Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

LATS3006

This specification applies to Shanghai Li'An Lubrication Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. pickling section

二、具体要求The Specific Requirements

A:不锈钢酸洗钝化工艺流程

Stainless Steel Pickling Passivation Technological Process

去油清理污物净水冲洗酸洗钝化------------ 净水冲洗----------- 吹干

Remove the oil Clean up the dirt Clean water rinse Pickling passivation ---------- Clean water rinse

--------- Blow air dry

一．酸洗、钝化前的预处理Pickling And Passivation Pretreatment

1. 对制造完工后的不锈钢容器或零部件按图样和工艺文件的要求，对规定项目检查合格后，才能进行酸洗、钝化预处理。

About the finished stainless steel oil tank and parts according to the requirement of the drawings and

process documents,after qualified about specified the project inspection,the pretreatment of pickling passivation can

proceed.

2. 将焊缝及其两侧焊渣、飞溅物清理干净，容器的机加工件表面应用清洗剂去除油渍等污物。

Clean the welding slag, spatter,should use detergent to remove the machined surface oil contaminant.

3. 清除焊缝异物时，应用不锈钢丝刷，不锈钢铲或砂轮清除，清除完毕用净水（水中氯离子含量不超过25mg/l）冲刷干净。

Remove the welding slag,should use stainless steel wire brush, stainless steel shovel or grinding wheel to cleaning it,after cleaning,use clean water (the water is not more than 25 mg/l chloride ion content) to scoured its.

4. 当油污严重时则用3-5%的碱溶液将油污清除，并用净水冲洗干净。

When oil pollution is serious, use a 3-5% of alkali solution to clean it ,finally, use the clean water scoured clean.

5. 制定酸洗、钝化的安全措施，确定必须的用具和劳动防护用品。

Enact pickling and passivation security rules, determine the necessary tools and labor protection articles .

二．酸洗、钝化溶液及膏的配方Pickling And Passivation Solution Formula And Paste Recipe

1. 酸洗钝化液配方：硝酸（比重1.42）20%，氢氟酸为5%，其余为水。以上为体积百分比。

Pickling passivation liquid formula: 20% nitric acid (proportion is 1.42), hydrofluoric acid is 5%, water is 75%.The above is volume percent.

2. 酸洗膏配方：盐酸（比重1.19）20毫升，水100毫升，硝酸（比重1.42）30毫升，膨润土150克。

Pickling paste recipe: 20 ml hydrochloride (specific gravity is 1.19) , 100 ml water, 30 ml nitric acid (proportion is 1.42), 150g of bentonite.

3. 钝化膏配方：硝酸（浓度67%）30毫升，重铬酸钾4克，加膨润土（100-200目）搅拌至糊状为止。

Passivation paste recipe: 30 ml nitric acid (concentration is 67%), 4 grams of potassium dichromate, and bentonite (100-200 mesh), stirring until smooth.

三．酸洗钝化操作Pickling Passivation Operation

1. 只有进行过预处理的容器或零部件才能进行酸洗钝化处理。

Only for pretreatment of the tank or components can go on pickling passivation treatment.

2. 酸洗钝化液主要用于较小型未经加工的零部件整体处理。溶液温度在21-60℃时，每隔20分钟左右检查一次，直至呈现出均匀

的白色钝化膜为止。

Pickling passivation solution is mainly used for smaller unprocessed parts ,solution temperature in the 21st - 60 ℃, inspected once every 20 minutes, until showing an even white passivation membrane.

3. 酸洗膏酸洗主要适用于大型容器的局部处理。在室温下将酸洗膏均匀涂在干净设备上（约2-3mm厚），停留一小时后用洁净水及

不锈钢丝刷轻轻刷，直至呈现出均匀的白色酸蚀的光洁度为止。

Pickling paste pickling is mainly suitable for large tank of partial processing.At room temperature will be pickling paste

evenly smear on clean equipment (about 2-3 mm thick), for an hour after gently with clean water and stainless steel wire brush to brush, until showing white uniform for the surface.

4. 钝化膏主要适用于大型容器或局部处理，在室温下将钝化膏均匀涂在酸洗过的容器表面（约2-3mm），1小时后检查，直至表面

生成均匀的钝化膜为止。

Passivation paste is mainly suitable for large tank or partial processing,at room temperature will be passivation paste

evenly smear on the surface of pickling tank (about 2-3 mm), check after 1 hour, until to generate uniform passivation

coating.

5. 酸洗钝化过的容器或零部件必须用洁净水将表面冲洗干净，最后用酸性石蕊试纸测试冲洗面的任何处，使PH值在

6.5-

7.5之间，

然后擦干或用压缩空气吹干。

Pickling passivation of the tank or parts must use clean water to rinse surface,finally,use acidic litmus paper test rinse

surface of any place, make the PH value between 6.5 to 7.5, then wipe dry or dry with compressed air blowing.

6. 容器、管件和零部件经酸洗钝化后搬运吊装及存放时禁止磕碰划伤钝化膜。

Tank, pipe fittings and parts after pickling passivation，when transport hoisting and stored in,forbidden knock against

scratches passivation membrane.

四．注意事项Attention

1. 配液时应将水按比例放入耐酸容器中，然后再按比例缓慢加酸，防止倒酸速度过快引起飞溅伤人。

When the mixing liquid should be in accordance with the proportion put water into the acid tank ,and then in accordance with the proportion slowly add acid, to prevent caused by pour acid too fast splash to injure.

2. 酸洗钝化处理，首次操作应先在小部件局部面上或类似的材料上作试验。

Pickling passivation treatment, operation should be a test for the first time on the widget of part or similar material.

3. 酸洗过程中，操作人员必须认真仔细，及时观察，防止容器表面腐蚀过重。对碳钢零部件应采取有效措施，防止遭到腐蚀。

The operator must be careful, observation in a timely manner in the pickling process,prevent tank surface from corroding over ,about carbon steel parts should take effective measures to avoid being corrosion.

4. 酸洗后不锈钢表面不得有明显的腐蚀痕迹，不得有颜色不均匀的斑纹，焊缝及热加工表面不得有氧化色。

After pickling corrosion of stainless steel surface can not have uneven trace, must not have uneven color markings, weld and hot working surface can not have oxidation color.

5. 操作人员在操作时，必须穿好耐酸服，带好手套，口罩与防护眼罩。在容器内酸洗，必须带上检查合格的防毒面具，并在专人监

护下进行。

In the operation,operating personnel must wear the acid clothes, bring gloves and masks and protective goggles.Pickling inside the tank, must wear inspection qualified gas masks, and under someone guardianship proceed.

6. 有防腐要求的奥氏体不锈钢零部件按图样要求进行热处理后，做酸洗钝化处理。

T here are Anti-corrosion requirements of austenitic stainless steel parts according to drawing requirements,after heat

treatment do pickling passivation treatment.

7. 上述的酸洗钝化配方及操作、浓度、体积比、液体温度和操作时间可根据情况允许做小量适当的调整。酸洗钝化液可重复使用，

但必须保证适当的浓度和体积比。

Above-mentioned the pickling passivation formula and operating, concentration, volume ratio, the operation temperature and the operation time can allow according to the situation small amounts of appropriate adjustment .Pickling passivation solution can be reused, but must ensure that the appropriate concentration and volume.

B:碳钢酸洗钝化工艺流程

Carbon Steel Pickling Passivation Technological Process

去油清理污物酸洗钝化碱液中和清水冲洗吹干

Remove the oil Clean up the dirt Pickling passivation Lye neutralization Clean water rinse Blow air dry

一. 酸洗钝化前预处理Pickling Passivation Pretreatment

对焊接完成的管道用清洗液去油处理,对表面焊渣等污物进行打磨清理.

For welding finished pipe,use a cleaning fluid to remove oil processing,and polishing the surface welding slag and other contaminants.

二. 酸洗钝化液配方Pickling Passivation Solution Formula

20%磷酸,80%中性水,以上为体积比.

20% phosphoric acid, 80% neutral water, above is the ratio of the volume.

三. 酸洗钝化操作Pickling Passivation Operation

1. 将预处理后的工件放置配比好的液体中,在室温20度时放置12小时取出.在酸液中将表面污物清理干净.

Put pretreatment of workpiece into the rational liquid,placed for 12 hours at room temperature is 20 degrees ,to clean

up surface of dirt in acid liquid.

2. 将酸洗后工件放置在10%的碳酸钠溶液中,保证全部工件完全浸泡2分钟.

Put after pickling parts into 10% of the sodium carbonate solution, and ensure that whole parts completely soaked

2 minutes

3. 中性水冲洗,吹干.

Neutral water rinse, blow dry air it.

四. 注意事项Announcements

1. 配液时应将水按比例放入耐酸容器中，然后再按比例缓慢加酸.

When the mixing liquid should be in accordance with the proportion put water into the acid container,and then in accordance with the proportion slowly add acid.

2. 酸洗过程中，操作人员必须认真仔细，及时观察，防止工件表面腐蚀过重。

The pickling process, the operator must be careful, observation in a timely manner, prevent container surface from corroding over .

3. 操作人员在操作时，必须穿好耐酸服，带好手套，口罩与防护眼罩。在容器内酸洗，必须带上检查格的防毒面具，并在专人监

护下进行。

In the operation, operating personnel must wear the acid clothes, bring gloves and masks and protective goggles. Pickling inside the container, must wear inspection qualified gas masks, and under someone guardianship proceed.

4. 上述的酸洗钝化配方及操作、浓度、体积比、液体温度和操作时间可根据情况允许做小量适当的调整。酸洗钝化液可重复使用，

但必须保证适当的浓度和体积比。

Above-mentioned the pickling passivation formula and operating,concentration,volume ratio,the operation temperature and the operation time can allow according to the situation small amounts of appropriate adjustment .Pickling passivation

solution can be reused, but must ensure that the appropriate concentration and volume.