英语二级笔译2015年11月真题+答案解析
2015年11月CATTI二级笔译实务真题
英译汉passage1
Apple may well be the only technical company on the planet that would dare compare itself to Picasso.
苹果可能是世界上唯一敢自比毕加索的科技公司。(相媲美的)
1. dare：
A. (have the courage)敢
to dare (to) do [something]敢做某事
she dare(s) not or daren't or doesn't dare leave the baby alone
她不敢让宝宝独自待着
I dare say, ...也许，…
B.激
to dare [somebody] to do [something]激某人做某事
somebody dared me to jump off the bridge
有人激我从桥上跳下去
I dare you to ask her (to dance)我谅你不敢邀请她（跳舞）
dare加to和不加to是有不同意思的，要加以区别。
In a class at the company's internal university, the instructor（导师）likened the 11 lithographs that make up Picasso?s The Bull to the way Apple builds its smart phones and other devices. The idea is that Apple designers strive for simplicity just as Picasso eliminated details to create a great work of art.
在苹果公司内部大学的一堂课上，讲师曾提到毕加索绘制名画《公牛》时的11 块石版画，他认为苹果打造智能手机等设备的过程与之类似。也就是说，苹果设计师追求简洁，就像毕加索剔除细枝末节，创造不朽艺术作品一样。
1.liken
to liken [somebody]/[something] to ...把某人/某事物比作…
这里我认为作者想说是毕加索用11块石版画拼成一幅画这种创作手法与苹果制作手机等的方法类似，仔细看一下文章，liken后面的主语是11 lithographs，to 后面是the way，译文很聪明地都表达到位了。
Steven P. Jobs established the Apple University as a way to inculcate employees into Apple?s business culture and educate them about its history, particularly as the company grew and the technical business changed. Courses are not required, only recommended, but getting new employees to enroll is rarely a problem.
斯蒂夫·P·乔布斯创立苹果大学，是为了向员工灌输苹果公司企业文化，告诉他们苹果公司的历史，在公司壮大与技术业务变动的时候更是如此。课程不是必修，只是推荐，但新员工几乎都会去上课。
1.inculcate
①(instil)灌输?ideas, beliefs?
to inculcate [something] in or into [somebody]向某人灌输某思想
②(teach)教导?pupil, followers?
to inculcate [somebody] with [something]教导某人某事
2.这里的as引导的是时间状语从句，注意细节。
3.rarely a problem其实是一个双重否定的表达。
Randy Nelson, who came from the animation studio Pixar, co-founded by Mr. Jobs, is one of the teachers of “Communicating at Apple.” This course，open to various levels of employees, focuses on clear communication, not just for making products intuitive, but also for sharing ideas with peers and marketing products.
兰迪·尼尔森（Randy Nelson）来自由乔布斯合作创立的皮克斯动画工作室，他是“苹果公司交流沟通” 课程教师之一。这门课向不同层级员工开放，主要介绍准确沟通，不只是为了让产品使用更简便，也是为了促进观点分享与产品推广。
1.intuitive
①(instinctive)凭直觉的
intuitive knowledge直观知识
②(easy to use)使用简便的?software, interface?
In a version of the class taught last year, Mr. Nelson showed a slide of The Bull, a series of 11 lithographs of a bull that Picasso created over about a month, starting in late 1945. In the early stages, the bull has a
snout, shoulder shanks and hooves, but over the iterations, those details vanish. The last image is a curvy stick figure that is still unmistakably a bull.
去年的课上，尼尔森展示了一个介绍《公牛》这组画作的PPT，里面包括了毕加索从1945 年末开始，在大约一个月里画的11 幅公牛石版画。早期的作品里，公牛还有口鼻、前腿和蹄子，但经反复修改，这些细节就被除掉了。虽然最后一幅只是弯曲线条组成的形象，但毫无疑问还可以看出是一头公牛。
“You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way, and that is true to the Apple brand and everything we do,” recalled one person who took the course.
上过这门课的一位员工回忆，“通过不断迭代，才能用非常简洁的方式传递信息，苹果品牌以及我们的所有产品都遵循这一原则”。
1.看到这句话就说一些废话，我觉得这句话也同时适用于翻译当中，刚开始我们翻译会把很多细枝末节的，或多余的话翻译进去，但一遍绝对称不上翻译，需要经过反复修改推敲，添加，删去，找到最适合的词语准确，地道表达出来才能称为翻译。
In “What Makes Apple,” another course that Mr. Nelson occasionally teachers, he showed a slide of the remote control for the Google TV, said an employee who took the class last year. The remote control has 78 buttons. Then, the employee said. Mr. Nelson displayed a photo of the Apple TV remote control, a thin piece of metal with just three buttons.
去年参加过培训的一位员工说，有一门课叫《是什么成就了苹果公司》，尼尔森有时会亲自授课。他在课上展示过一个PPT，上面放的是Google TV 的遥控器。那个遥控器有78 个按键。然后，尼尔森展示了Apple TV 的遥控器——一块只有3 个按键纤薄金属条。
How did Apple's designers decide on three buttons? They started out with an idea, Mr. Nelson explained, and debated until they had just what was needed 一 a button to play and pause a video, a button to select something to watch, and another to go to the main menu.
苹果公司的设计师如何决定只用 3 个按键呢？尼尔森解释，他们一开始有一个想法，然后一直讨论，直到结果正是自己所需为止——一个按键控制视频播放和暂停，另一个选择看什么，还有一个回到主菜单。
The Google TV remote control serves as a counterexample. It had so many buttons, Mr. Nelson said, because the individual engineers and designers who worked on the project all got what they wanted.
尼尔森说，Google TV 的遥控器是一个反例，它的按键太多，因为项目里的每个工程师、设计师都把想要的东西加了上去。
英译汉Passage 2
Equipped with the camera extender known as a selfie stick, occasionally referred to as the wand of narcissism, tourists can now reach for flattering selfies wherever they go.
配备了被称为自拍杆（又称“自恋神器”）的相机延长器之后，现在不管走到哪儿，游客都能拍到惹人喜爱的自拍照。
1.Equipped with the camera extender known as a selfie stick, occasionally referred to as the wand of narcissism,这句话需要注意的是到底哪个是主语，应该是“a selfie stick”“Equipped with the camera extender”过去分词作非谓语修饰主语，occasionally referred to as the wand of narcissism,是主语的同位语，所以一定要分清句子成分。
Art museums have watched this development nervously, fearing damage to their collections or to visitors, as users swing their sticks with abandon. Now they are taking action. One by one, museums across the United States have been imposing bans on using selfie sticks for photographs inside galleries (adding them to existing rules on umbrellas, backpacks and tripods), yet another example of how controlling crowding has become part of the museum mission.
艺术博物馆一直紧张地关注这一变化，担心用户肆意挥舞自拍杆时，会对藏品或其他游客造成伤害。现在他们采取了行动。美国的博物馆
一个接一个发布禁令，禁止在博物馆内使用自拍杆。之前已遭禁止的物品包括雨伞、背包、三脚架和单脚架。这再次表明，控制过度拥挤已经成为博物馆的任务之一。
1.“museums across the United States have been imposing bans on”原文用了一个现在完成进行时，表示动作一直进行，没有停止，译文也很巧妙地用“一个接一个”来展现这个接连不断的动作。
The Hirshhom Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington prohibited the sticks this month, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston plans to impose a ban. In New York, the Metropolitan Museum of Fine Arts, which has been studying the matter for some lines, has just decided that it will forbid selfie slicks, too. New signs will be posted soon.
本月，华盛顿赫什霍恩博物馆(Hirshhorn Museum)和雕塑公园(Sculpture Garden)禁止了自拍杆使用，休斯顿美术馆(Museum of Fine Arts)也计划发布禁令。纽约大都会艺术博物馆研究这个问题已有一段时间，现在也决定将禁止使用自拍杆。很快，新的提示标牌就会贴出来。
1.二级翻译需要注意的就是人名和地名是必考的内容，这方面需要注意，选择一个好的字典就很重要。英译汉最大的字典是陆谷孙的《英汉大词典》里面收录了大量人名、地名等专有名词。
2. Fine Arts 是美术的意思，不是精致美术
“From now on, you will be asked quietly to put it away,” said Sree Sreenivasan, the chief digital officer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “It's one thing to take a picture at arm's length, but when it is three times arm?s length, you arc invading someone else's personal space.
“从现在起，我们会轻声要求游客收起自拍杆”。大都会艺术博物馆首席数据官斯里·斯里尼瓦桑(Sree Sreenivasan)说，“伸出胳膊拍照没问题，但自拍杆长度是胳膊的三倍，所以会侵犯他人的私人空间。”1.这里的it要注意指代的就是自拍杆，所以要理解并把它翻出来。
The personal space of other visitors is just one problem. The artwork is another. “We do not want to have to put all the art under glass,” said
Deborah Ziska, the chief of public information at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, which has been quietly enforcing a ban on selfie sticks, but is in the process of adding it formally to its printed guidelines for visitors.
其他游客的私人空间只是问题之一，另一个是艺术品保护。“我们不想把所有艺术品都放进玻璃罩”，华盛顿国家艺术馆首席公共信息官德博拉·齐什卡(Deborah Ziska)说。该博物馆已悄然禁止自拍杆使用，也正把禁令正式写入纸质游客指南。
Last but not least is the threat to the camera operator, intent on capturing the perfect shot and oblivious to the surroundings. “If people are not paying attention in the Temple of Dendur, they can end up in the water with the crocodile sculpture” Mr. Sreenivasan said. “We have so many balconies you could fall from, and stairs you can trip on.”
最后一个问题也同样重要，自拍杆对相机使用者同样有威胁——他们专注于捕捉完美镜头，往往会忽视周围环境。“在丹铎神庙，稍不留神就可能会掉进水里，和鳄鱼雕塑为伍”，斯里尼瓦桑说，“我们这儿有很多容易跌下去的露台，还有容易被绊倒的台阶”。
1.“intent on capturing…”这句是修饰前面的人“the camera operator”
2.intent：
(attentively occupied)专心的
to be intent on one's work专心致志地工作
to be intent on or upon [something]/doing [something]
3.注意trip作动词的用法
trip：
intransitive verb
①(stumble)绊
he tripped and nearly fell他绊了一下，差点跌倒
to trip on or over [something]被…绊倒?rock, step?
to trip over one's own feet把自己绊倒
you can't move in here without tripping over a celebrityhumorous
你只要来到此地，必定会碰见名人
②(step lightly)轻快地走; figurative?tune, notes?节奏轻快
to trip into/out of the room轻快地走进/走出房间
the lies came tripping off her tongue她撒起谎来不假思索
③colloquial(have hallucinogenic drug experience)[服用迷幻药后] 产生幻觉
he's tripping他产生了腾云驾雾的幻觉
At the Metropolitan Museum of Art on Thursday, Jasmine Adaos, a selfie-stick user from Chile, expressed dismay. “It?s just another product”，she said. “When you have a regular camera, it?s the same thing. I don?t see the problem if you?re careful.” But Hai Lin, a student from Shandong, China, conceded that the museum might have a point. ……You can hit people when they're passing by,” she said.
贾斯敏·亚当(Jasmine Adaos)来自智利拉塞雷纳，她用自拍杆拍过照。周四在参观大都会博物馆时贾斯敏说，“它只是另一种产品，跟用普通相机没有区别。我觉得只要小心一点就不会有问题”。但是来自中国山东的学生林海（音译）则承认，博物馆的做法可能也有道理，“有人经过时，你可能会碰到别人”。
汉译英Passage1
2000年,中国建成北斗导航试验系统,这使中国成为继美、俄之后世界上第三个拥有自主卫星导航系统的国家。
In 2000, China produced the Beidou Navigation Testing System, which made China the third country possessing the autonomous navigation system after the United States and Russia.
也可以翻译成前半句为主句+后半句为现在分词作结果状语
In 2000, china established the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System, making it the third country with an independent satellite navigation system, following the US and Russia.
北斗卫星导航系统：BeiDou Navigation Satellite System，BDS（官网）北斗导航：1.北斗卫星导航试验系统（2000年），由3颗卫星组成，“北斗一号”。2.北斗卫星导航系统（2011年），由35颗卫星组成（包括5颗静止轨道卫星和30颗非静止轨道卫星），“北斗二号”
北斗卫星导航试验系统：BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental
System
虽然目前它的精度与GPS 还有一定差距,但它具备了GPS没有的短信通信和位置报告的功能。在没有手机信号的地方,用户也可以通过该系统发送短信。
Though it lags behind American?s GPS in positioning precision, BeiDou has two unique functions that GPS lacks, including message communication and location reporting. In places where there is no cellphones signal, BeiDou users can still send text message via this system.
1.precision
①(of description)清晰(of instructions)明确(of measurements)精确with precision精确地
precision instruments精密仪器
accuracy
一般是指doing something without making mistakes，正确，准确。或是the quality of being correct or true准确性，精确性。
所以两者比较来看用precision比较好。
2008年四川汶川大地震后,灾区电话无法接通,手机信号中断。救援人员将北斗导航终端带入灾区,及时保持了与外界的通讯联络。
In Wenchuan Earthquake 2008, the telephone communication in disaster areas was cut off due to the failure of cellphone signals. Bringing BeiDou Navigation system terminals into the earthquake stricken area, the rescue teams managed to maintain the area?s contact with the outside world.
该系统的位置报告功能可以帮助交通管理部分掌握行驶车辆的位置,及时疏导交通,缓解交通拥堵状况。
The location reporting function informs the communication departments of the positions of the vehicles on the roads so that they can relieve the congestion by diverting the traffic.
或是：The location reporting function allow transport departments to track vehicles in real-time, so that they can cope with a traffic jam, thus
easing the congestion.
虽然北斗卫星导航系统是中国独立发展、自主运行的卫星导航系统,但这并不影响它与世界上其他卫星导航系统的兼容性。用户同时使用北斗和GPS 这两种导航系统时,定位和导航效果会更好。
The system, though developed and operated independently by China, is compatible with other global satellite navigation systems. Users would enjoy better positioning and navigation using both BDS and GPS at the same time.
汉译英Passage 2
中国和欧洲是两大战略力量，肩负推动全球经济发展、促进人类文明进步、维护世界和平的崇高使命，双方正在形成不断放大的战略交集。中国是最大的新兴市场国家，欧盟是最大的发达经济体，“最大”与“最大”交融、一切都有可能，“新兴”与“发达”携手、优势就会倍增，中欧在新兴和发达经济体合作中可以成为典范。
China and Europe are two major strategic forces. We both undertake the lofty mission of promoting global economy, advancing human civilization and progress and safeguarding world peace. The two sides are expanding their converging strategic interests. China is the largest emerging market and the EU the largest developed economy. Nothing is impossible when the two “largests” converge. And strength will be multiplied if the “emerging” meets the “developed”. China-EU cooperation may serve as a fine example of that between the emerging and developed economies.
中国和欧洲分处欧亚大陆的两端，这块大陆是世界上面积最大的大陆，也是人口最多的大陆，市场空间广阔，发展机遇巨大。中欧都主张国际关系民主化，在许多国际重大事务上有共同利益，双方关系具有越来越重要的全球影响。中欧都有伟大的文明，中国推崇“和而不同”，欧盟倡导“多元一体”。13亿多中国人与7亿多欧洲人命运相连、前途相关，中欧在不同文明包容互鉴中可以成为引领。
China and Europe are located at the two ends of the Eurasian continent,
the biggest landmass on earth and the most populous continent in the world with huge market and great development opportunities. Both sides call for greater democracy in international relations and we share common interests on many major international issues. Our relationship is acquiring more and more important global significance. Both China and Europe enjoy splendid culture. While China advocates “harmony without uniformity”, the EU stands for “unity in diversity”. The 1.3 billion Chinese people and the 700 million European people have a common destiny and a common future. China and Europe may well take the lead in promoting mutual learning and inclusiveness between different civilizations.
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