2005年考博英语题
2005年考博英语题
一、Use of English
1. Photographic film is made in _____ and width.
A. variety is the length
B. the length is varied
C. a variety of lengths
D. it has varied lengths
答案：C. a variety of lengths
2. The costs of distribution and sales make up a large part of the prices that _____.
A. are paid for all products
B. all products are paid for
C. for which all products are paid
D. for all products paid
答案：A. are paid for all products
3.______has not attained a state of complete coherent is true.
A. cultural anthropology
B. that cultural anthropology
C. anthropology that is cultural
D. since cultural anthropology
答案：B. that cultural anthropology
4. The suggestion that everybody_____ one poor pupil had been adopted.
A. subsidizes
B. will subsidize
C. subsidize
D. would subside
答案：C. subsidize
5. _______the severe cold, tourism was ____full swing
A. though, on
B. despite, on
C. though, in
D. despite, in
答案：D. despite, in
6. there is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, ____ they can limit how much water you drink.
A. much more than
B. any more than
C. no less than
D. no more than
答案：B. any more than
7. have you ever wondered _____?
A. how did these people get their names on the ballot
B. how these people got their names on the ballot
C. how have these people got their names on the ballot
D. how these people get their names on the ballot
答案：B. how these people got their names on the ballot
8. The present wave of strikes ____discontent among the lower-paid.
A. stems from
B. grow out of
C. comes out of
D. s connected with
答案：A. stems from
9. People always regard a man of ____ and fairness as a r eliable friend.
A. robustness
B. integrity
C. temperament
D. compactness
答案：B. integrity
10. the football players in the team tried to keep themselves _____in order to win the game.
A. on a diet
B. on guard
C. on the sly
D. in shape
答案：D. in shape
11. in the past men generally preferred that their wives _____ in the home.
A. work
B. worked
C. would work
D. were working
答案：A. work
12. the conveniences that Americans desire _____ not so much a leisurely lifestyle as a busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to wasted. A. reflecting B. to reflect
C. reflected
D. reflect
答案：D. reflect
13. if the man power line fails, the factory will use its___ generator.
A. auxiliary
B. obedient
C. residual
D. subordinate
答案：A. auxiliary
14. Large areas of land have been ____ by the leakage from the nuclear reactor.
A. contaminated
B. contemplated
C. corrupted
D. contrived
答案：A. contaminated
15. My brother told me to ____ the wheel of my bike once a month.
A. fabricate
B. lubricate
C. illustrate
D. elaborate
答案：B. lubricate
16. ____ in history when remarkable progress was made in relatively short period of time.
A. periods
B. Throughout periods
C. There have been periods
D. periods have been
答案：C. There have been periods
17. Here are some books by Agatha Christie. Y ou can read ____ you like.
A. whichever one
B. whose
C. whatever one
D. what
答案：A. whichever one
18. They climbed to the top of the hill ____ they could get a bird’s-eye view of the city.
A. for fear that
B. in order that
C. in case
D. as a result
答案：B. in order that
19. The Republican Party is one of the ____ parties of the United States.
A. political two principal
B. principal political two
C. two principal political
D. principal two political
答案：C. two principal political
20. Just because I am ____ to him, my boss thinks he can order me around without showing me any respect.
A. redundant
B. trivial
C. versatile
D. subordinate
答案：D. subordinate
二、Reading comprehension
21. This passage implies that war is now ______.
A. more wicked than in the past
B. as wicked as in the past
C. less wicked than in the past
D. what people try to live with
答案：A. more wicked than in the past
22. according to the author______.
A. it is impossible to live with war
B. war is the only way to settle international disagreements
C. war must be abolished if man wants to survive
D. war will be abolished by modern ingenuity
答案：C. war must be abolished if man wants to survive
23. The author says that modern weapons _____.
A. will help abolish war
B. put mankind in grave danger
C. will gradually become part of Man’s life
D. need further improving
答案：B. put mankind in grave danger
24. The author believes that the only way to abolish war is to_____.
A. abolish nuclear weapons
B. let the stronger side take over the world
C. improve bacteriological and chemical weapons
D. settle international issues through negotiation
答案：D. settle international issues through negotiation
25. The last paragraph suggests that _______.
A. nuclear war will definitely not take place
B. international agreements are now reached more and more easily
C. man is beginning to realize that nuclear war is his greatest enemy.
D. world opinion is in favor of nuclear war
答案：C. man is beginning to realize that nuclear war is his greatest enemy.
26. AS for the income gap, the author thinks ________.
A. the income gap will greatly harm social fairness.
B. the income gap can be reduced while the economy grows efficiently
C. it is reasonable that investors gain more benefits given their contribution
D. the income gap disappears when the economy reaches a high level
答案：B. the income gap can be reduced while the economy grows efficiently
27. The best way to boost the economy is ______.
A. implementing a population control policy
B. closing the income gap
C. encouraging investment and less consumption
D. widening the income gap
答案：C encouraging investment and less consumption
28. The measures the government takes to boost the economy is ________.
A. encouraging individual investment at the expense of public revenues
B. encouraging individual investment at the expense of public welfare
C. encouraging purchasing stocks and bonds by individuals
D. encouraging better, more efficient factories, computers, and information
答案：A. encouraging individual investment at the expense of public revenues 29. The author's attitude towards the government's policy to develop the economy is ____.
A. indifferent
B. supportive
C. skeptical
D. neutral
答案：C. skeptical
30. According to liberals, __________.
A. the policy adopted by the government is a perfect policy
B. the policy adopted by the government can benefit most people
C. the policy adopted by the government may make the poor get poorer and
the rich get richer
D. the gains from the policy adopted by the government outweigh the losses.
答案：C. the policy adopted by the government may make the poor get poorer and the rich get richer
31. The special education mentioned in the text mainly focus on ________.
A. genius students from daycare center to college
B. students who are fond of computer video games
C. teachers of language in the University of Arizona
D. students who are either mentally or physically disabled
答案: D. Students who are either mentally or physically disabled
32. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because______
A. its fancy design is very attractive
B. it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy
C. the content of it is healthy and promising
D. it is developed by university professors
答案: B. it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy
33. According to Professor Healey we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps _____.
A. need graphic representations in order to understand higher order
language concepts
B. are good at study English idioms but often fail to grasp higher order
language concepts
C. are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the
world concepts
D. tend to be deaf as well and have difficult to learn simple concept “before
and after”
答案: A. need graphic representations in order to understand higher order language concepts
34. The best title for the test is _______
A. Handicapped Students and Their problems
B. Videodisc and Special Education
C. Computer Assisted Teaching Program
D. Normal Children And Handicapped Kids
答案: B. Videodisc and Special Education
35. The word “impairment” in the first paragraph probably means__________
A. habit
B. disability
C. misconception
D. belief
答案: B. disability
36. The main idea of the first paragraph is that the car _______.
A. can satisfy the demand for speed
B. is far from perfect for short range movement
C. produces disturbance to other road users
D. causes waste of space
答案: B. is far from perfect for short range movement
37. More attention should be given to the bicycle as a means of transport because it is ______.
A. widely used in Amsterdam and Cambridge
B. much cheaper than a car
C. a very efficient and simple device
D. still used by rich people
答案: C. a very efficient and simple device
38. Enclosing the bicycle in a plastic bubble would _______.
A. make it easier to use
B. save muscular energy
C. prevent it from colliding with other vehicles
D. provide protection in case of accidents
答案: D. provide protection in case of accidents
39. Which of these is UNTRUE for the present bicycle?
A. It can hardly be improved on.
B. It offers its rider no protection.
C. It is not very suitable for carrying goods.
D. It is far more efficient than the movement of animals
答案: A. It can hardly be improved on.
40. Which of the following statements does the writer NOT make?
A. The weight of the device would be reduced by using new materials.
B. The bicycle would be safer with a plastic bubble.
C. It would be possible to design different types of bicycles.
D. An electric motor can fixed on the bicycle.
答案:A. The weight of the device would be reduced by using new materials.
41. The purpose of this passage is ______.
A. to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem
B. to alert the reader to the dwindling water supply
C. to explain industrial uses of water
D. to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems
答案: D. to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems
42. Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?
A. Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals
B. Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population
C. Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water
D. Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical
processes.
答案: D. Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical processes.
43. The reader can concluded that________.
A. countries of the world will work together on pollution problems
B. science is making great progress on increasing water supplies
C. byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace
D. some industries are now making economic use of wastes
答案: D. some industries are now making economic use of wastes
44. The author gives substance to the passage through the use of _______.
A. opinions and personal observations
B. definitions which clarify important terms
C. interviews with authorities in the field of water controls
D. strong arguments and persuasions
答案: A. opinions and personal observations
45. The words "prior to "(para.2) probably mean______.
A. during
B. after
C. before
D. beyond
答案: C. before
46. What is the most appropriate title of the passage?
A. Boeing’s Aircraft Sale at a Record High
B. Boeing’s Dominance in the Aircraft Market
C. New777-Loaded with Innovation
D. New777 the Largest Launch Order
答案: C. New777-Loaded with Innovation
47. The word “option” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. choice
B. obligation
C. precondition
D. a privilege to purchase
答案: A. choice
48. according to the passage, how many DC-1010s and L-1011s built around 1979
are going to be replace by 2005?
A. 2500
B. 5000
C. 10000
D. 4000
答案: A. 2500
49. Which of the following is NOT true among the technologically innovated
features?
A. lighter-weight and stronger component
B. better instrument displays
C. broader wingspan
D. the largest seating capacity
答案: C. broader wingspan
50. What is likely to be the ramification of the United Airlines launch order?
A. it is the largest contract in the aircraft history
B. it is Boeing’s largest contract in history
C. is may attract other airlines in their consideration of 777 purchases
D. a fleet of 777 will become a status symbol for airlines
答案: D. A fleet of 777 will become a status symbol for airlines
51. The main theme of the text is _____
A. sleep and body temperature
B. the effects of lack of sleep
C. how easily people can get used to working at night
D. the effect of automation on working efficiency
答案: C. how easily people can get used to working at night
52. Why is the question “no mere academic one”?
A. Because of research by Bonjor and Brown
B. Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness
C. Because some people can change their sleeping habits easily
D. Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping
habits
答案: D. Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits
53. The main problem about night work is that____.
A. people do not want the inconvenience of working on night shifts
B. people are disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back
C. not all industries work at the same hours
D. it is difficult to find a corps of good night workers
答案: B. people are disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back
54. The best answer to the problem seems to be ____
A. not to change shifts from one week to the next
B. to have longer periods on each shift
C. to employ people who will always work at night
D. to find ways of selecting people who adapt quickly
答案: C. to employ people who will always work at night
55. Scientists are able to measure adaptation by taking body temperature
because______
A. body temperature is a good basis for selection
B. people have low temperature at night
C. the temperature reverses when the routine is changed
D. people have high temperature when they are working effeicintly
答案: C. the temperature reverses when the routine is changed
三、Translation
1. The reforms and innovations conceived today will not enter into force until a
few years from now and their effects will not be felt for several decades.
答案: 直到几年后,今天设想的改革与创新才会实现, 而且他们的影响几十年内不会被感觉到.
2. the oak is a symbol of strength, the lion of courage, the lamb of weakness.
答案：橡树是力量的象征，狮子的勇气，小羊的软弱.
3. but though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever
before, every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads.
答案: 然而，尽管享受一份长久而快乐生活的可能性要远远超越以往的任何时候，但我们每天都会在路上亲眼见到令人难以置信的对男人、女人和儿童的杀戮。
4. the opinion, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their
conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility, are outdated.
答案:100年前流行的看法认为, 穷人应该把他们的状况归因于他们无知、缺乏责任心；但这种观点现在已经过时了。
5. however, the world is so made that elegant system are in principle unable to
deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects.
答案: 然而,世界就是如此,一般而言, 完美的体系无法解决世界上某些更加引人入胜的课题的.
6. behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that
blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
答案: 相反, 行为主义者认为, 成绩的差异是由于黑人往往被剥夺了白人在教育及其他环境方面所享有的许多有利条件.
7. “1n short”, a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as
we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions”
答案: 新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说: “简而言之, 我们所称谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进，发明和使用，这些改进,发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。”
8. National traits or habits of thinking and acting are reflected in the language.
Americans have something had a reputation for always being in a hurry, perhaps as a result of the fact that at one time there was much to be done in a new country and there was a sense of immediacy about doing it.
答案:民族思想和行动的特征或习惯反应在语言中，美国人有着想的名声，或许是因为他们来到一个新的国家有好多事情要做而且他们随时准备做事。
9. advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy
things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy.
答案: 广告通过劝说的方式不但加速了我们买不需要的东西的过程,而且加速了我们淘汰我们已经买的东西.
10. in formulating hypotheses, for example, a common error is the uncritical
acceptance of apparently commonsense, but untested, assumptions.
答案: 在明确叙述的假设中，例如，一个普通的错误是常识不加批判的接受而且不验证假设.
北京大学考博英语阅读理解模拟题
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考博英语历年真题
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北京外国语大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析 Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A―G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. A new volcano was being born.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba ,huo jia zi xun qq: qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi. The volcano in the cornfield grew until it was bigger than the cornfield! 1 People called the volcano the Little Monster because it grew so fast. Scientists came from all over the world to study it and watch it grow. It is not often that people get a chance to watch a volcano from the very beginning. Most of the volcanoes have been here for a very long time. Some have been here so long that now they are cold. They are called dead volcanoes. They have stopped throwing out fire and melted rock and smoke. It is safe to walk on them. Farms are plowed on the quiet slopes, and people have built houses there. Some volcanoes have stopped throwing out hot rock, but they still smoke a little now and then. They are "sleeping" volcanoes. Sometime they may "wake up". 2 Today volcanoes are not so dangerous for people as they were a long time ago. Now we know more about why volcanoes do what they do, and we can usually tell when they are going to do it. 3
江南大学考博英语历年考题汇总附答案
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: When Kathie Gifford ’s face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Wal mart clothing was exposed as the work of underpaid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.; This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation ’s largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.; Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years. 21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with? A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America. B)A serious problem threatening American economy. C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America. D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America. 22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____. 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Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.; Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.; But short term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.; With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behi nd treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.; With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.; As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need
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