英语翻译

UNIT 1

Katz认为正是男孩自小从父亲那里学到的冷酷无情造就了他们成年后待人的冷漠和麻木。因为他们有自己的行

为规范，这是他们自小就心知肚明的，尽管这些规范有些残酷，但他们却是宁折不弯地奉行。而在他们内心深处，

却对他人充满了关爱与奉献。事实上，他们非常脆弱。他们有自己的烦恼和恐惧，但他们对此却守口如瓶。他们认

为独自处理一切才是一个男人应该做的。

Katz claims that what boys learn from their ruthless fathers in early years shapes their remote and insensitive behaviors as men. They have their own Code of Conduct which was taught to them when they were very young. They will follow it unyieldingly though it is regarded as ruthless. But in their hearts, there is lots of love, affection and commitment to people around them. As a matter of fact, they are very sensitive. They do have fears and problems, but they try every possible means to hide them from all. They want to handle everything themselves and consider this to be what a real man should do.

UNIT 2

亚里士多德根据年龄把人划分为三个阶段：青年、壮年和老年。青年人感情丰富并且容易冲动。他们缺乏自控能力，易于发怒。与金钱相比，他们更重视荣誉与成功，并且认为那是优越于别人的资本。他们看事物往往着眼于好

的方面，所以会轻易相信别人，并且更多地同情别人，但也容易上当。他们非常自信乐观，但做事情常常有些过分。比起老年人来，他们血气方刚，热情使他们毫无畏惧。他们更多的是以道德标准为生活准则而不是通过推理来

调试自己的生活。他们总是毫无恶意地去评判他人，因为他们认为每个人都是坦诚的，都比自己好。所以他们更喜

欢与朋友做伴。他们有一个短暂的过去，却有一个长远的未来。

Aristotle divided man into three stages by age: youth, the prime of life, and old age. Young people have strong passions and are people of impulses. They lack self-control and easily give way to anger. But they love honor and victory more than they love money, and view them as superiority over others. They look at the good side rather than the bad. Thus, they readily trust and even pity other people, but are easily cheated. They are very confident and sanguine, but usually overdo everything. They are more courageous than older men and their hot temper prevents fear. Their lives are regulated more by moral feeling than by reasoning. They always judge people by their own harmless natures, or they think everyone an honest man, and better than they are. So they are fonder of friends and companions. They have a short past behind them, but a long future in front of them.

UNIT 3

在亚里士多德看来，老年人的性格正好与青年人的性格相反。他们生活了很多年，却常常受骗，这样的经历使他们形成了怀疑一切、害怕危险的性格。他们缺乏自信，凡事都加一个“可能”，对未来的日子还有多少也缺乏信心。他们已失去了活力，所以不会爱得热烈、恨得热烈。但他们很愤世嫉俗，并且蔑视别人对他们的看法。他们很狭隘，而且看事物往往着眼于它们的功用性。他们也同情别人，却是出于脆弱，害怕发生在别人身上的事情也发生在自己身上。

For Aristotle, the character of elderly men is formed for the most part of elements that are the contrary of those of young men. They have lived many years, but have often been taken in. Such experience makes them distrustful of everything and afraid of danger. They show an absence of confidence, adding a "possibly" or a "perhaps" to everything. They also lack confidence in their short future. They have lost their vigour, unable to love warmly or hate bitterly. But they are very cynical, and they feel contempt for what other people may think of them. They are small-minded and usually judge things or people by their utility. They also pity people, only out of weakness, fearing that anything that befalls anyone else might easily happen to them.

UNIT 4

两代人之间甚至同龄人之间在价值观念（values）和追求上存在差异是在所难免的，然而，如何对待这种差异则

关系到家庭幸福和人际关系的和谐（harmony）。现实生活中，人们在差异面前很难做到换位思考。父母和子女常

因婚姻或生活方式进行激烈的争吵或干脆相互回避；朋友或同事之间有时也因为观点或行为不同而互相歧视或进行

言语攻击；不同文化背景的人也会对异族文化进行排斥。实际上，人们在分歧发生的同时往往忘记了本来存在的亲

情（kinship）或友情，在随意伤害和积极交流之间，人们容易选择前者（the former）。差异可能永远存在，然而

情（care）和爱却不能就此丢弃。当亲情（tie of kinship）将人们拉近的同时，差异便开始渐渐远去……

It is unavoidable that people of two generations and even those of the same age differ in their values and pursuits; however, the attitude towards this gap can make a huge difference to family and interpersonal relationships. In dealing with differences, it is

very hard for peo-ple to see things from a different perspective. As a result, parents and children often quarrel bitterly or simply avoid seeing each other. Sometimes, friends and colleagues tend to look down on or attack each other verbally; people of different cultural backgrounds can also be hostile to things foreign. In fact, when differences occur, people tend to forget the kinship or friendship that has always been there. Between willful hurting and active communication, people are likely to choose the former. While differences might remain forever, care and love cannot be abandoned. When ties of kinship bring people together, differences begin to melt away....

UNIT 5

在每个人的内心深处，都有一个美丽的世界。那儿住着我们的朋友。儿时的伙伴是天际的彩霞，是记忆的河；同

窗好友如悠扬的音乐，如早春的风；家人中的知己是常青的绿地，是温馨的港湾；旅途的风景是同事中的朋友；清晨草叶上颤颤的露珠为新朋友；然而，居于首位的是阳光朋友———我们永远的挚友。

In the innermost depths of everyone's heart is a fairyland where our friends stay. There, we can see patches of rosy clouds racing on the horizons and the river of remote memories gurgling along —Childhood Pals. We can hear melodious music and feel the cool breeze of early spring — School Buddies. We can appreciate the evergreen grass patches and the cozy harbor — Relative Friends. Still, we can feast our eyes on the landscapes stretching on the journey — Work Friends, and drops of dew trembling on flowers and grass early in the morning — New Friends. However, those who always stand in the front line of the friendship world are the golden sunshine — our everlasting bosom friends.

UNIT 6

在胖子和瘦子的世界里，存在着一场没有硝烟的战争（an invisible war）。对胖子来说，就凭瘦子那干巴巴的身材，根本就别指望有什么风趣和幽默可言。瘦子动作呆板、居高临下、凡事爱讲究又爱较真，让人备受压抑；瘦子

成天行色匆匆，像猎犬一样寻找着需要他们解决的棘手问题（tough problems），仿佛这世界离了他们就不转了似的。另外，瘦子诡计多端，是危险分子。关于胖子，瘦子更是有言在先：胖子乍一看就像个坏蛋（villain）。试想，电影、电视里的坏蛋大多不都是胖子吗？胖子们贪婪、懦弱、神经质；他们随心所欲，不讲原则；他们滑稽、丑陋、悲观，他们对什么都无所谓（carefree）……孰是孰非，恐怕只有上帝知道。

An invisible war is taking place in the world of the fat and the thin. In the eyes of the fatties, one can never expect any strain of wittiness or humor from the wizened torsos of the skinny. First, the skinny are overwhelmingly depressing because they are mechanical and condescending; they are particular about everything and take things seriously. Second, the skinny bustles briskly all day like a hound searching for tough problems to tackle, as if the world wouldn't turn without them. Also, the skinny are dangerous with their machinations. About the fat, the skinny have their pungent remarks already: the fatty looks like a villain at first sight. Imagine those bad guys on TV or in the movies; aren't most of them fatties? For them, the fat are gluttonous, cowardly, and neurotic; they indulge themselves without principles; they are comic, ugly figures; they are sad and carefree... As to which is right and which is wrong, probably only God knows.

UNIT 7

《亲历历史》是希拉里的回忆录，这本书讲述了希拉里作为第一夫人如何经历八年白宫生活的故事。这本书以希

拉里对自己的童年和大学时代的简短描述、对政治的介绍，以及她与克林顿的恋爱为开端，克林顿占据了书中各种

各样的话题，如竞选生活、国家医疗保险改革、会见外国领导等，不一一列举。关于莱温斯基丑闻一事，她认为她

的丈夫就像对全国的其他人一样，起先对她说了谎，直到在大陪审团陈述的前两天才说明真相。希拉里把他的背叛

称为“我生命中最具打击的、震惊的、有害身心的经历”，并亲自解释了事情的后果是个什么样。总之，《亲历历史》是见闻广博的一本书，成功地人性化了我们这个时代最显赫，也最具争议的女人。

Living History is Hillary's memoir, which tells us how Hillary experienced the eight-year White House life as First Lady. Beginning with a brief outline of her childhood, college years, introduction to politics, and her courtship with Bill Clinton, Clinton covers a wide variety of topics: life on the campaign trail, National Health Care Reform, and meeting with foreign leaders, to name a few. Regarding the Lewinsky scandal, she maintains that her husband initially lied to her, as he did the rest of the country, and did not come clean until two days prior to his grand jury testimony. Calling his betrayal "the most devastating, shocking and hurtful experience of my life," she explains what the aftermath was like personally. In all, Living History is an informative book that goes a long way toward humanizing one of the most recognizable, and controversial, women of our age.