新视野研究生英语期末考试课后习题汉译英

新视野研究生英语期末考试课后习题汉译英
新视野研究生英语期末考试课后习题汉译英

1.按照查尔斯.达尔文的理论,自然选择依据四个原则。第一,繁殖是在自然环境内发生的。第二,一个物种的基因,即包含个体特征的生命基本单位,要传给后代。这些基因具有一定程度的随机可变性;也就是说,将不同的特征分散到一个物种的各个成员。第三,由于一个物种的成员具有不同的特征,一些成员在自然环境中的生存机会比其他成员多一些,把遗传特征传给下一地啊的机会也多一些。第四,世世代代以来,在自然环境中帮助生存的那些遗传特征往往会在一个物种中变成共同的特征,而不曾帮助生存的那些遗传特征往往会消失。

According to Charles Darwin, natural selection is based on four principles. First, reproduction occurs within a natural environment. Second, the genes of a species, the basic units of life that contain the individual’s traits, are passed on to offspring. These genes have a degree of random variability; that is, different characteristics are distributed among the members of a species. Third, because the members of a species possess different characteristics, some members have a better chance of surviving in the natural environment than do others—and of passing their particular genetic traits to the next generation. Fourth, over thousands of generations, those genetic traits that aid survival in the natural environment tend to become common in a species, while those that do not tend to disappear.

2、从前有一个人,他有一个梦。他梦到一片和平与和谐的土地。他梦到一个不以肤色评判人的地方。他梦到一个国家,在那里不同种族的孩子们在一起玩。他梦到一个国家,在那里所有的人都是平等的。有些人不喜欢他的梦,他们说这个梦永远不会实现。有些人则对他的梦喝彩,他们想实现这个梦。对一些人而言,这个崇高的理想已经实现,而对另一些人而言,还只是一个幻想。

这个人,马丁.路德.金博士,在1963年的一篇有名的演讲“我有一个梦”中表达了他的理想。其实这个根植于“美国梦”的理想,并不是个完全新奇的主张。从一开始,这个由移民所组成的国家,便欢迎渴望自由和追求生活新起点的人的到来。但不同种族的到来同时也造成了紧张的氛围。

Once a man had a dream. He dreamed of a land of peace and harmony. He dreamed of a place where people were not judged by their skin color. He dreamed of a country where children of different races could play together. He dreamed of a nation where all people were equal. Some people didn’t like his dream. They said it would never happen. Some people applauded his dream. They wanted to make it happen. This noble vision has come true for some. For others, it’s still just a fantasy.

In 1963, this man, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., expressed his vision in the famous speech, “I Have a Dream.” But the dream —rooted in the American Dream—wasn’t really new. From the beginning, this nation of immigrants welcomed people desiring freedom and a new start. However, the coming together of different races and ethnic groups created some tensions.

3、中产阶级起源于18世纪的工业革命,当时的企业家将英国以手工生产物品的乡村社会转变成一种用工厂机器大量生产产品的城市经济。于是出现了由工厂经理和商人组成的新阶级,而且他们变得越来越富有、越来越重要。在20世纪,由于教育的发展,更多的人进入大学接受教育,中产阶级发展得很快。人们称为医生、教师或白领雇员,他们在办公室工作而不在工厂操作机器,他们形成了以受教育程度和资产而不是以出身划分的职业中产阶级。如今,大部分中产阶级人士拥有自己的住房和汽车,生活舒适并鼓励子女上大学。

The middle class has its origins in the 18th-century Industrial Revolution when entrepreneurs changed Britain from a village-based society in which goods were made by hand to an urban economy in which goods were made in large quantities in factories by machines. This led to a new class of factory managers and traders who became increasingly rich and important. The middle class grew rapidly in the 20th century with the spread of education, giving more people access to colleges and universities. These people became doctors, teachers or white-collar workers, people working in an office rather than operating machines in a factory, and formed a professional middle class based on education and money rather than on birth. Most middle-class people now own their own house and car, have a comfortable lifestyle, and encourage their children to go to university.

4、未来,水资源的缺乏可能会引起一些严重的问题。首先它可能会产生更多的健康问题。水资源的缺乏常常意味着饮用水不再安全。安格曼先生说,诸如霍乱(cholera)等在水中传播的疾病会使全世界出现许多问题。水资源缺乏也会引起更多的国际冲突。一些国家可能在未来不得不争夺水资源。现在有些国家,例如埃及,荷兰,伊拉克等,60%的淡水来自国外。此外,水资源缺乏将影响一个国家发展经济的能力,因为新工业在开始阶段经常需要大量的水。

Lack of water in the future may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe. Mr. Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of disease, such as cholera, which are carried in water. Lack of water may also result in more international conflicts. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. This is true of Egypt, the Netherland, and Iraq. Besides, lack of water would affect the ability to improve their economies, because new industries often need a large amount of water when they are beginning.

5、在所有和吸烟有关的疾病中,也许人们最容易忽略的就是吸烟上瘾。然而,1999年8月克林顿总统宣布尼古丁为使人上瘾的麻醉药物。2000年3月,生产切斯特菲尔德(Chesterfield)和云雀牌(Lark)香烟的利格特集团(the Liggett Group)承认吸烟使人上瘾并会引发癌症,并且同意向22个州支付总额为7.5亿美元的赔偿金。这22个州提起了诉讼,要求烟草公司向治疗与吸烟有关的疾病的医疗补助制度(Medicaid)进行赔偿。这件事将带来这样一个信息,大烟草公司充分意识到了他们出售的产品会使人上瘾,他们出售的产品对大众的健康影响极大。

Of all the diseases associated with smoking, addiction is perhaps the one that receives the least attention. But President Clinton declared nicotine an addictive drug in August, 1990. In March, 2000, the Liggett Group, makers of Chesterfield and Lark brand cigarettes, admitted that cigarettes were addictive and cause cancer and agreed to pay about $750 million total to 22 states that had filed suit to force tobacco companies to pay for Medicaid for smoking-related illnesses. The Liggett deal product information that indicates major tobacco companies were fully aware the product they were selling is addictive, that the product they were selling had great impact on public health.

6、大部分人都说岁数越大,越不会盼着下个生日的到来。但对于孩子们而言,生日是一年一度的盛事——在那一整天里,他们是众人关注的焦点。于是孩子的生日聚会已经成为美国的

一大产业也就不足为奇了。孩子们——或者更可能是他们的父母——总试图超越别人,办出最奢华的生日聚会。在过去,你或许雇个人,弄匹小马(pony)在旁边转转,让所有人都骑骑马就可以了。而如今你却要租下整个动物园或者一拖车的异国(exotic)动物。

Most of us would say that the older we get, the less we look forward to celebrating another birthday. For children, though, a birthday is that one occasion each year when they are the center of attention all day long. It is not surprising, then, that children’s birthd ay parties have turned into big business in America. Kids—or more likely their parents—often try to outdo one another in putting on the most extravagant birthday party. In the past, you might have hired a man with a pony to come by and give everyone pony rides. Today, you can hire an entire zoo or a trailer filled with exotic animals.

7、西奥多.罗斯福,美国军事家、政治家、作家和探险家,毕业于哈佛大学,美国第26任总统。1900年当选副总统。1901年总统威廉.麦金莱(William Mckinley)被无政府主义者刺杀身亡,他接任美国总统。在总统任期内,他对美国的主要贡献是资源保护政策,他保护了许多国有森林、矿产、石油等资源,因此深受美国人民的爱戴。在对外政策方面,他主张实行扩张政策,建设强大的军队,干涉美洲事务,他曾实行过著名的大棒政策(the Big Stick policy),对弱国态度十分粗鲁。在日俄战争(Russo-Japanese War)中,他因调停战争而获得1906年的诺贝尔和平奖。

Theodore Roosevelt was a U.S. military strategist, statesman, writer and explorer, a graduate of Harvard University, the 26th president of the United States. He was elected vice president in 1900. In 1901, when President William McKinley was assassinated by anarchist, he became President of the United States. In his presidential term, his main contribution to the United States was a resource conservation policy. He protected a number of state-owned forests, minerals, oil and other resources, so he was deeply loved by the people of the United States. In foreign affairs, he advocated a policy of expansion, building a strong army, and interfering in American affairs. He had implemented the Big Stick policy; and carried a very rude attitude toward weak countries, In 1906, he won a Nobel Pease Prize for his mediation in the Russo-Japanese War.

8、美国高等教育的革命从19世纪60年代中期到19世纪80年代中期,改变可美国高等教育并使其现代化。这场革命中有三个互相作用的因素。刘伟教育界领导者的出现保证了所需的个人影响力。除此之外,几乎所有历史悠久的学院和校友和朋友都公开要求更新、更实用、更先进的教学,这种呼声发展成压倒保守派的一场运动。在东部地区教会的领导人被抛弃,而西部地区的学校则扩大了学习范围,树立了一种新的社会责任感,这样教育水平也得到了很大的提升。

To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid 1860’s to the mid 1880’s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range if studies and a new sense of public duty.

贵州大学研究生英语期末考试-翻译及部分答案

贵州大学研究生英语期末考试-翻译及部分答案

5.Enlish-speaking South African s of British descent were not particularly strong in opposing the apartheid regime, and the black opposition, whose members had many languages, was at first weak and disorganized. 5.讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权,而黑人反对力量,其成员讲多种语言,在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。 6.Such symbolism suggests (shows) that the users of the world's lingua franca should seek to benefit as fully as possible from the blessing and as far as possible avoid invoking the curse. 6.这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处,同时尽能避免招来灾难。 第二课 1. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love of the most creative periods of my life. 1.苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫没有改变这一点,一点儿也没有。我被炒了鱿鱼,但是我仍然钟爱我所做的事情。 2. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. 2. 因为,作为一个成功者的负重感被作为一个创业者的轻松感所重新代替,一切都还不确定。这让我觉得如此自由,进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。 3. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. 3.良药苦口,但是我想病人需要它。有时,生活会像一块砖头击中你的脑袋,但不要失去信心。 4. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. 4.我知道,“记住你即将死去”是避免掉进患得患失陷阱的最佳办法。你已经什么都没有了,你根本没有任何理由不去听从自己的心声。 5. Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. 5.你们的时间很有限,所以不要将它浪费在重复其他人的生活上。不要被教条所束缚,也就是说不要按照别人的想法来生活。不要让他人喧嚣的观点淹没了你的心声。 第六课 1.Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, who coined the term flow, which adherents of

新视野大学英语(第二版)读写教程2 -课后翻译习题

Unit1 1、她连水也不愿喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less) She wouldn't take a drink much less would she stay for dinner. 2、他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是实话。(whereas) He thought I was lying to him,whereas I was telling the truth . 3、这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释?(account for) How do you account for the fact that you have been late everyday this week. 4、他们的利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。(due to) The increase of their profits is due partly to the their new market strategy. 5、这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) Such measure are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency 6、我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力,所以我们只能继续。(pour into) We have to carry on because we have already poured a lot of time and energy into this project 1.I don’t think that he would commit robbery ,muchless would he commit Violent robbery. 我认为他不会抢劫,更不用说暴力抢劫了. 2. Men earn ten dollars an hour on average ,whereas women only seven dollars. 男工平均工资每小时10美元,而女工才每小时7美元. 3.Once the balance in nature is disburbed ,it will result in a number of unforeseeable effect. 自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏,就会带来很多不可预知的影响. 4.The final examinati on is close at hand ; you ‘d better spend more time reading. 期终考试迫在眉睫,你最好多花点时间看书. 5.What is interesting is that consumers find it increasingly difficult to dientify the nationality of certain brands. This is due partly to globalization and partly to changes in the location of production. 有趣的是,消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国.其部分原因来自于全球化带来的影响,部分原因是由于产地的变化. 6.A recent survey showed that women account fot 40percent of the total workforce. 最近一次调查表明,妇女占总劳动力的40%. Unit3 1、你再怎么有经验,也得学习新技术。 You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 2、还存在一个问题,那就是派谁去带领哪里的研究工作。(Use an appositional structure) There remains one problem,namely ,who should be sent to head the research there. 3、由于文化的不同,他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。 There relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences. 4、虽然他经历浮沉,但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。 Though he has had ups and downs ,I believed all along that he would succeed someday. 5、我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。

研究生英语一课后翻译答案

①A. 从更大的范围上讲,选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。这种判断是错误的,其后果可能是灾难性的。就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因,但本不该当选的人,如果他有整洁清秀的形象,就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。再回到政治这一话题上来,许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。然而,一个候选人可能非常善于演说,但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。我认识许多才能杰出的人物,他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力,但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。这种能充分表达自己见解的能力,固然十分重要,但我们对于那些让人感觉善于辞令的人,往往产生错误的印象,因为很多情况下这种优点仅仅只是“表面现象”。不难想象,一位外表整洁清秀、讲话娓娓动听的政治家会轻而易举地战胜一位不事张扬但更为合格的对手。他之所以取胜仅仅是因为他的形象令人信服。 B. If you want a winning image with others, your first concern must be a winning self-image. The individual who has a losing self-image will never be able to project a winning image to others. He may be able to fool some people for a while, but his poor self-image will eventually make it impossible for him to relate favorably to others. Throughout the ages, great philosophers have stated, “You are what you think you are.”It is imperative for you to have good image of yourself if you want to create the same impression in others. No matter who you are, everything worthwhile will depend on your own self-image. Your happiness will be based on it. You will live only one life, and in order to enjoy it, you must have a winning self-image. Since we can all choose how we want to think ourselves, we should try to have positive, winning thoughts. In your own attempt to build a winning image you must begin with the self —otherwise, the image you strive for will be supported by nothing but a sand foundation. Any athlete will tell you that you must know you’re a winner in order to be one. To many, this kind of message will sound like double-talk, but it contains an essential truth. Although you can apply this same message to anything in life, I will use athletics as the basis for illustrating my thoughts about self-images because sports involve physical exertion by which desired results can be achieved. ②学习艺术的过程可以很方便地分为两个部分:一是精通理论;二是善于实践。如果我想学习医学,我必须首先了解人体结构和各种疾病。当我具有了这些理论知识以后,我并不能胜任医学工作。只有经过大量的实践,我才能掌握这门学科,直到最终我把所掌握的理论知识和实践收获结合起来,并融合为一体——即成为我的直觉知识,这才是掌握任何一门学科的本质。然而,除学习理论和实践以外,在任何一门学科上想成为专家还必需有第三个因素——那就是,掌握这门艺术是你最关心的事情,在这个世界上肯定没有比这门学科更为重要的东西了。这一点适用于音乐、医学、木工——也适合于爱情。这也可能正是问题的答案所在:为什么在我们的文化中人们即使已遭遇显而易见的失败,但人们很少去尝试学习爱这门艺术。虽然人们内心深藏着爱,但他们几乎把所有其他的东西如成功、名誉、金钱、权力都视为比爱更重要,几乎把所有的精力都用来学习如何实现这些目标了,几乎没有人去学习爱这门艺术。只有那些能赢得金钱和荣誉的东西才值得学习,而爱只是一件我们无权为之浪费许多精力的奢侈品,它只能使心灵获益、而毫无现代意义上的好处可言。难道果真如此吗?B. Intimacy, passion, and commitment are the warm, hot, and cold vertices of Sternberg’s love triangle. Alone and in combination they give rise to eight possible kinds of love relationships. The first is nonlove—absence of all three components. This describes the large majority of our personal relationships, which are simply causal interactions. The second kind of love is liking. “If you just have intimacy”, Sternberg explains, “that’s liking. You can talk to the person, tell about your life. And if that’s all there’s to it, that’s what we mean by liking.”It refers to the feelings experienced in true friendships. Liking includes such feelings as closeness and warmth but not the intense feelings of passion or commitment. If you just have passion, it’s called infatuated love—“love at first sight”that can arise almost instantaneously and dissipate just as quickly. It

研究生英语综合教程(课后习题答案)

Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate 9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming 6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presented Unit Three Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A Task 2 1. stack up against 2. struck a chord 3. amounted to 4. chopping off 5. appeal to 6. pick up on 7. turned out 8. fade away 9. brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 3 1) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge 6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbed Unit Four Task 1 1.A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C Task 2 1. maintained (a) 2. romantic (a)

研究生期末考试翻译参考

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Unit 1 1. 她连水都不愿喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less) She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner. 2. 他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是实话。(whereas) He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth. 3. 这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释?(account for) How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4. 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。(due to) The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy. 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 6. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力,所以我们只能继续。(pour into) We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. Unit 2 1. 尽管她是家里的独生女,她父母也从不溺爱她。(despite) Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents. 2. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会,也没给我打电话作任何解释。(nor) Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation. 3. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说,但决不是什么大作家。(next to; by no means) The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer. 4. 他对足球不感兴趣,也从不关心谁输谁赢。(be indifferent to) He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses. 5. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手,在他外出时,由助手负责处理问题。(count on) The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence. 6. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。(in the presence of sb.)

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