高考英语一轮复习Module3TheViolenceofNature学案含解析外研版必修3

Module 3 The Violence of Nature

(一)课前自主学习

Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意

1．hurricane n．飓风

2．lightning n．[纵联1] 闪电

3．thunderstorm n. 雷暴

4．tornado n. 龙卷风

5．current n. 海流；潮流

6．feather n. 羽毛

7．fur n. (动物的)毛皮

8．tropical adj.热带的

9．wave n. 波浪

10．cemetery n. 墓地；公墓

11．ash n. 灰

12．volcano n. 火山

Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形

1．disaster n. 灾难

2．flood n. 洪水

3．cause vt.引起；导致

4．bury vt.埋葬

5．occur vi.[纵联2、3] 发生

6．strike vt.& n. (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击

7．ruin vt.毁坏

8．previous adj.以前的

9．worldwide adj.全世界的

10．active adj.积极的；活跃的

11．damage n．& v．[纵联4] 损失；损害

12．earthquake n. 地震

Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变

1．experience vt.经历；体验 n．经历；经验→experienced adj.有经验的2．furniture n．家具→furnish vt.装备；配备

3．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈

地；激烈地；强烈地

4．erupt vt.(火山的)爆发；喷发→eruption n．(火山的)爆发；喷发

5．possibility n．可能；可能性→possible adj.可能的→possibly adv.可能地→impossible adj.不可能的

6．terrifying adj.吓人的；可怕的→terrified adj.感到害怕的；极度恐惧的→terrify vt.使害怕；使恐惧

7．luckily adv.幸运地；幸亏→lucky adj.幸运的→luck n．运气；幸运

8．thankfully adv.感激地；满怀感谢地→thankful adj.感激的；感谢的→thank vt.& n．感谢；谢谢[纵联5]

9．hopefully adv.满怀希望地；有希望地→hopeful adj.有希望的→hope v．& n．希望；期望

10．sadly adv.伤心地；不幸地→sad adj.伤心的→sadness n．悲伤

11．fortunately adv.幸运地；幸亏→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．运气；财富

12．warning n．警告→warn v．警告

纵联1.以-ing结尾的名词一览

①lightning闪电②warning警告

③feeling感觉；感情④greeting问候；致意

⑤suffering痛苦；苦难⑥training训练；锻炼

纵联2.这些“发生”你可能不知道

①occur(偶然)发生②happen(偶然)发生

③take place(计划等)发生④break out(灾害、战争等)爆发

⑤come about发生；产生(尤指不受控制地)

纵联3.词形变换双写“r”

①occur/occurred/occurred/occurring

②refer/referred/referred/referring

③prefer/preferred/preferred/preferring

④transfer/transferred/transferred/transferring

纵联4.各种“损害”多留意

①damage损害②destroy(彻底地)毁坏

③ruin(逐渐地)毁坏④harm损害

⑤injure损害⑥hurt损害

纵联5.后缀-ly副词小结

①thankfully 感激地②hopefully满怀希望地

③bravely勇敢地④quietly安静地

⑤similarly相似地⑥fluently流利地

⑦truly真正地⑧wholly整体地；完全

单元话题——自然灾害

子话题1 各种自然灾害

①snowstorm n．暴风雪②mudslide n．泥石流

③catastrophe n．大灾难；浩劫④tsunami n．海啸

⑤drought n．干旱⑥sandstorm n．沙尘暴

⑦landslide n．滑坡⑧typhoon n．台风

子话题2 自然灾害的影响

①destruction n．破坏②melt vi.融化；溶化

③release n．& v．释放④severe adj.严重的，剧烈的

⑤trap vt.使……陷入困境⑥victim n．受害者；牺牲品

⑦muddy adj.泥泞的⑧lava n．火山岩浆

⑨terrify vt.使恐惧；惊吓⑩radioactive adj.放射性的

[学考对接·活学活用]

高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用

1．(2016·北京高考阅读B) On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce?.That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. ? (fortunate), Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridges closed.

When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ? (ruin)．Many of Natalie's friends had lost their homes and were living far away.All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly.Natalie's school was so ? (damage) that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.

①用本单元中的词汇替换fierce：violent

②用fortunate的正确形式填空：Fortunately。-ate为形容词后缀，类似的单词有considerate, desperate等

③用ruin的正确形式填空：ruins；常用短语in_ruins表示：严重受损；破败不堪

④用damage的正确形式填空：damaged

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) The story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club performed their translation of a song.Both the hand movements

and the very idea of communicating without speaking attracted? me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I ? (experience) in the past.This newness just left me wanting more.

①用本单元的词汇替换attracted：struck

②用experience的正确形式填空：had_experienced。experience还可用作名词，作“(一次)经历，体验”讲时为可数名词；作“(由实践得来的)经验，阅历”讲时为不可数名词

高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用

(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)

1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)而且，欢迎你们每个人积极参加这个活动，欣赏这部电影。(active)

What's_more,_everyone_of_you_will_be_welcome_to_take_active_part_in_the_act ivity,_enjoying_the_movie.

2．(2018·浙江高考写作)另一方面，我通过在一家旅行社做兼职陪同一些外国游客积累了相关的经验。(experience)

For_another,_I_have_accumulated_related_experience_by_working_part-time_in_ a_travel_agency,_accompanying_some_foreign_tourists.

3．(2017·天津高考书面表达)我每天埋头于英文小说，因此我在英语学习上已取得了很大的进步。(bury)

I'm_buried_in_the_English_novels_every_day,_therefore_I_have_made_great_pro gress_in_my_English_study.

(二)课堂重点释疑

1．experience vt.经历；体验 n．经历；经验

[记牢]

①(2017·北京高考)After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record our experiences (experience) at school.

②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)As to the activities, we plan to invite experienced (experience) players to give training to us every Friday afternoon.

③She has become quite experienced at/in teaching primary school students.

④Robert is a worker with much experience, so it will make up for his lack of academic knowledge.

[写美] 翻译句子

⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)上周，我们带领着外国学生在我们学校里体验正宗的(authentic)茶文化，结果是非常值得的。

Last_week,_we_took_the_foreign_students_in_our_school_to_experience_the_aut hentic_tea_culture,_which_turned_out_to_be_extremely_rewarding.

2．cause vt.引起；导致；使遭受n.原因；事业；目标

[记牢]

单句语法填空

①The poor harvest caused prices to_rise (rise) sharply.

②Drunk driving is one of the most common causes (cause) of traffic accidents.

补全句子

③According to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily cause_and_effect.

根据最近的调查研究，喝浓咖啡与患心脏病并没有必然的因果关系。

[写美] 翻译句子

④(2017·江苏高考书面表达)结果，一些观众开始厌烦电影院，造成了缓慢的增长。

Consequently,_some viewers_began_to_turn_away_from cinemas,_causing_a_slower growth.

3．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心

[记牢]

单句语法填空

①Buried (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the others had left.

②Burying (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping.

句型转换

③Burying themselves in heavy school work, they didn't know it was raining outside.

→Buried_in_heavy_school_work,_they didn't know it was raining outside.

[写美] 翻译句子

④随着高考临近，我们高三学生都在埋头于繁忙的学习中。

As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_is_drawing_near,_we_senior_three_studen ts_are_buried_in_busy_work.

4．occur vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现

[记牢]

单句语法填空

①A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.

句型转换

②Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how you came up with the idea.

→Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining_how_the_idea_occurred_to_you.

[用准] (1)occur是不及物动词，所以不能带宾语，也不能用于被动语态。(2)occur 的过去式和过去分词形式要双写最后一个辅音字母，即occurred。

[写美] 补全句子

③(2018·天津高考书面表达)当我们为比赛做准备时，我想起你曾在类似的比赛中获奖。

When we're making preparations for the event, it_occurred_to_me_that you once took a prize in a similar competition.

5．strike vt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；击中；撞击；敲(钟)；报(时)；擦燃(火柴)；打动n.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工

[辨清] 写出下列句中strike的含义

①The town hall clock struck midnight.报(时)

②The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.撞击

③It struck me that I left the key on my table.突然想到

④Within half an hour, all the drivers were out on strike.罢工

⑤What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.打动

⑥It was extremely dark in the passage so he struck a match.擦燃

[记牢]

单句语法填空

⑦The first time he met the girl, he was struck by her wisdom and fell in love with her.

⑧What is most striking (strike) is how smart the children are.

补全句子

⑨The coal miners decided to go_on_strike for better working conditions.

煤矿工人们决定为争取更好的工作条件举行罢工。

[写美] 翻译句子

⑩我突然想到，我们应该制订一个新的方案。

It/An_idea_struck/hit/occurred_to_me_that_we_ought_to_make_a_new_plan.

[词汇过关综合训练]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．As we all know, the red light is a warning (警告) sign for stop.

2．In previous (以前的) time, I didn't realize how valuable his advice was.

3．A noisy motorway has ruined (毁坏) the peaceful village life.

4．These chemicals have been found to cause serious environmental damage (损害)．

5．Is there any possibility (可能性) that we can finish the task in such a short time?

6．She is still very active (活跃的), in spite of her advanced years.

7．A good idea struck (想起) me while I was walking along the river.

8．An investigation is underway to find out how the disaster (灾难) happened.

9．The abrupt change of the climate has drawn worldwide (全世界的) attention to the benefit of green energy.

10．I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred (发生)．

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．Xiao Li is very skilled and experienced (experience) though he's been in the factory for only a short time.

2．Anne says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence (viol ent) can.”

3．With that warning (warn) he took the bird and put it back into its cage.

4．These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing (cause) serious harm to life and the environment.

5．Many men were_buried (bury) underground when there was an accident in the mine.

6．At the moment we are debating what furniture (furnish) to buy for the house.

7．Fortunately (fortunate), there was someone at hand, so we asked him to deliver the message at once.

8．(2018·天津高考)It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.

9．Luckily (luck), with a little bit of work and some knowledge, you'll be able to write the letter you need to get the job.

10．Thankfully (thankful), I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.

Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子

1．他是个有经验的老师，有丰富的教学经验。(experience)

He is an_experienced_teacher and he has_much_experience/is_very_experienced_in teaching.

2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我希望这种变化不会给你造成太多麻烦。(cause)

I hope the change will not cause_you_too_much_trouble.

3．她忍受不了疼痛，以至于用手捂住脸不由自主地抽噎起来。(bury)

She couldn't stand the pain so that she buried_her_face_in_her_hands and sobbed uncontrollably.

4．我想你从未想到给警方打电话。(occur)

I suppose it_never_occurred_to_you to phone the police.

5．医院员工举行罢工以抗议这起事件。(strike)

Staff at the hospital went_on_strike to protest against the incident.

(一)课前自主学习

1．pick_up 卷起；掀起；拾起；接载；(偶然)学会；情况好转2．take_off 去掉；脱掉；起飞

3．set_fire_to [串记1] 放火(焚烧)……

4．catch_fire 着火

5．put_out 扑灭(火)

6．on_average 平均起来

7．end_up 结果为……，以……结束

8．in_all [串记2] 总共；总计

9．refer_to 指的是；谈到；涉及；参考

10．take_place 发生

[同根短语串记]

串记1.fire相关短语大观园

①set fire to 放火(焚烧)……

②set ...on fire 放火(焚烧)……

③catch fire 着火(表示动作)

④be on fire 着火(表示状态)

⑤put out the fire 扑灭火

⑥make/light/start a fire 点火；生火

串记2.all相关短语荟萃

①in all总共；总计②after all毕竟

③above all首先；最重要的是④first of all首先

⑤all in all总的来说⑥not at all一点也不

1．on the same latitude 在同一纬度

2．in the next town 在邻近的城镇

3．more than 400 kilometres per hour 每小时400千米以上

4．hit the city 袭击了这座城市

5．by the late 1890s 到19世纪90年代末

6．a total of 总数；总计

7．the worst natural disaster 最严重的自然灾害

1．They can destroy houses, but leave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_it_was.

它们(龙卷风)能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。

2．On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing_about_80_deaths and_1,500_injuries.

平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。

3．When the lava reached the sea, there_was_the_possibility_of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.

当岩浆涌进大海时，有可能引发巨大浪潮，足以淹没半个岛屿。

[学考对接·活学活用]

高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)

1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空) “Something's not right！” I took_off (脱下) my T-shirt and dived into the water.

2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put_out (扑灭)．

3．(2016·北京高考完形填空) The race began on January 27.The first musher, Shannon, picked_up (捡起) the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night.

4．(2018·天津高考完形填空)My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving_me_one_of_the_greatest_thrills_of_my_life (成为我生命中最令人激动的事情之一)!

高考采撷(二) 写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)

1．(2015·天津高考书面表达) At the same time, we are going to bring along about five hundred books with us for your class, which you can refer_to (参考) to learn more about China.

2．(2018·浙江高考写作)保罗叔叔，我爸爸的朋友，从机场接我们，并开车送我们去他在佩科斯的农场。

Uncle Paul, my dad's friend, picked_us_up_from_the_airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.

3．(2016·10月浙江高考写作)几乎没有可能继续在黑暗中沿着小溪行走，但是简没有放弃。(there be possibility of ...)

There_was_little_possibility_of_continuing_walking_along the stream in the

darkness, but Jane didn't give up.

(二)课堂重点释疑

[短语集释]

1．pick up拿起；卷起；掀起；拾起；接收(信号)；(偶然)学会；整理；接载；情况好转[辨清] 写出下列句中pick up的含义

①Tom, will you pick up all your toys？整理

②My radio can pick up the BBC programmes clearly.接收

③I'll pick you up at your home tomorrow.接载

④It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly — he hasn't lived there very long.(偶然)学会

⑤Business has been depressed but they expect it to pick up again before Christmas.情况好转

⑥Sally walked onto the platform, picked up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard: “Rule 1: We are family！”拿起

[记牢]

⑦That pile on the left are the ones that have been picked out for the library.

⑧The insecticide (杀虫剂) might harm the flowers.Let's pick off the insects by hand.

[写美] 翻译句子

⑨(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我的父母想让我和他们一起去机场接他。

My_parents_want_me_to_go_to_the_airport_with_them_to_pick_him_up.

2．end up结果为……；以……结束

[记牢]

单句语法填空

①While studying, fix your mind on what is really important, or you will end up remembering (remember) nothing.

②Anderson was born into a poor family, but ended up as one of the greatest writers of his time.

③The lecture ended up with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet.

④If we neglect our future, we'll end up in failure.

补全句子

⑤The football match came_to_an_end,_and the crowd soon cleared away from the football ground.

足球比赛结束了，人群很快就从足球场散去了。

⑥The couple set aside some money every month for their future use even though their income can only make_ends_meet.

这对夫妻每个月都存一些钱以备将来使用，尽管他们的收入只能勉强维持生计。

[写美] 翻译句子

⑦最后，当我们校长宣布获胜者时，整个现场爆发出热烈的掌声和欢呼声。

In_the_end,_when_our_headmaster_announced_the_winners,_the_whole_place_burs t_out_with_clapping_and_cheering.

[句式集释]

leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语

[教材原句]They can destroy houses, but leave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_it was.

[悟拓展例句]

(1)Don't leave_the_light_on when you are not in the room.

当你不在房间时，别让灯开着。

(2)If you leave the water running (run) when you don't use it, you are wasting.

如果不用水时你还让水一直流着，你是在浪费。

(3)What disappoints me is that she leaves me to_finish (finish) the work by myself.

使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这项工作。

(4)You should make it a rule to leave_things_where_you_can_find_them_again.

把东西放在能够再次找到的地方，你们应该把这一点作为一条规则。

[析用法规则]

(1)We can often see many students leave the water running and

some let the lights on for a long time, which causes a serious waste of resources.(要点句)

(2)You'd better leave the door open to let in the fresh air.(要点句)

[词块、句式过关综合训练]

Ⅰ.选词填空

The store caught_fire.Fortunately, all the people there escaped from it.

2．A fire broke out in the building last night.Luckily, the firefighters arrived in time and put_out the fire.

3．On_average each report requires one week to prepare. 4．The teacher said there were twelve in_all who had failed in the exam.

5．The man in black was about to set_fire_to the house when the police came. 6．It was not until she took_off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

7．At the corner, the bus stopped and picked_up three people.

8．If you don't eat less, you'll end_up looking like a whale!

Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子/句型转换

1．在那么重要的考试中他竟然查阅笔记，真是太愚蠢了。(refer to)

It was too foolish of him to_refer_to_his_notes during that important test.

2．大部分饭菜宾客都没动，因为它们的味道不可口。(leave ＋宾语＋宾补)

The guests left_most_of_the_dishes_untouched,_because they didn't taste delicious.

3．很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。(pick out)

It's easy to pick_him_out in a crowd because he is very tall.

4．Is it possible that we can finish the task in such a short time?

→Is_there_a_possibility_that we can finish the task in such a short time？(There is a possibility that ...)

5．The fog was so heavy that it made it impossible for us to get there on time.

→The fog was so heavy, making_it_impossible_for_us_to_get_there on time.(分词短语作结果状语)

Ⅲ.概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

The guest speaker is a person who is asked to speak at an event.The person is usually not deeply connected with the event. Instead the guest speaker may support the event by sharing knowledge, offering support, or entertaining others.Speakers may give a special speech at the beginning, praising the efforts of community workers, or interesting children or college students in an educational or informative way.In each case, they are defined (给……下定义) by the fact that they will speak or otherwise communicate, and they have been invited to do so.

Even in the smallest events, the guest speaker can be well worth https://www.360docs.net/doc/b818908812.html,ing from outside of the shared opinion of those organizing or attending an event, they often bring something new to it and provide great fodder (草料) for future conversations.Typically, their success depends upon how well they can give a speech.

Clearly the successful guest speaker must be able to make a speech that will be enjoyed and well received by the audience.Some preparation is necessary, and some speakers fully write speeches or memorize them.It helps very much if the guest speaker is given information on how long he or she should speak, and perhaps what topics would be of most interest to the audience.

Almost equal in importance is an introduction to the guest speaker, which should also be well prepared. Especially in large event settings, the person making the introduction should give a little information about the background of the speaker, name some of his or her achievements, and then perhaps suggest why the speaker is present.One of the reasons that these introductions can fail sometimes is that the person doing the introduction doesn't really know who the speaker is, which is why introductions take some preparation.It may be necessary to do a little reading on the history or background of the speaker to make certain that the introduction is flattering (讨人欢喜的) and provides exact information.

[写作步骤]

第一步：归纳主旨大意

主旨大意：本文是说明文，分为4个段落，主要向读者说明了应邀发言者的概念及相关的一些情况。

文章结构：

guest

speaker ????? Paragraph 1：Definition of the guest spea-ker and his/her tasks.Paragraph 2：Reasons why a guest speaker is worth hearing.Paragraph 3：Preparation is necessary for a guest speaker.Paragraph 4：An introduction to the guest speaker is important.

第二步：提炼关键词

第三步：合并和改写

1．要点1(主题句)

改写：The guest speaker is a person asked_to_speak at an event.

2．要点2和3

合并：Though they have little to do with the event, they may play a part in the event in many ways.

改写：Though usually having_little_to_do_with the event, they may contribute to it.

3．要点4和5

合并：Guest speakers usually add new views to the event, so they can be well worth hearing even in the smallest events.

改写：Guest speakers usually add new perspectives, so they can be well worth hearing however small the_events_may_be.

4．要点6、7、8

合并：To make a speech that pleases the audience, guest speakers should do some preparation work, because their success depends upon how well they can give a speech.

改写：To make a speech that appeals_to the audience, they should do some preparation work for the purpose of being successful.

5．要点9和10

合并：As the introduction to the guest speaker is equal in importance, those who introduce the guest speaker should make some preparations.

改写：Considering the_equal_importance_of_an_introduction to the guest speaker, those who introduce them should make some preparations.

第四步：核查成文

核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：The_guest_speaker_is_a_person_asked_to_speak_at_an_event.(要点1)Though_usually_having_little_to_do_with_the_event,_they_may_contribute_to_it. (要点2)Guest_speakers_usually_add_new_perspectives,_so_they_can_be_well_worth_hearin

g_however_small_the_events_may_be.(要点3)To_make_a_speech_that_appeals_to_the_audience,_they_should_do_some_preparatio

n_work_for_the_purpose_of_being_successful.(要点4)Considering_the_equal_importance_of_an_introduction_to_the_guest_speaker,_tho se_who_introduce_them_should_make_some_preparations.(要点5)

理清文体结构之(十五) 议论文之总分结构——找到论点、论证过程是关键“总分结构”议论文最显著的特点是论点伴随事例在文章开头部分提出，事例往往是铺

垫，是提出论点的前奏。随之而来的是论证过程。该论证过程中常常采用分层逐条论述。抓住了此类文章的结构特点，再结合题目要求，便能快速到原文中定位信息区间，从而正确解题。

[高考典例] 2016·浙江卷·A篇

[抓关键词定位信息区间]

41．The author at the beginning of the passage to ________.

A ．introduce a topic

B ．present an argument

C ．describe the characters

D ．clarify his writing purpose

43．In the author ’s opinion, it ________.

A ．gives them a feeling of pleasure

B ．helps them to make more friends

C ．makes them better at telling stories

D ．enables them to meet important people

45．What does the author give in the passage?

A ．Never become a gossiper.

B ．Stay away from gossipers.

C ．Don ’t let gossip turn into lies.

D ．Think twice before you gossip.

[答案] 41.A 43.A 45.D

41．用对话――→定位第1、2段――→引出第3段的论点，由此便知答案。

43．原因――→定位“影响2”，比对可得出答案。

45．建议――→定位第七段――→总结得出答案。