商务英语口译2017最终版

Week 1 Tourism I

1-1 Australia: A Land of Exceptional Beauty（高口第三版 P97，第四版 P96）

Australia warmly welcomes visitors from all over the world.

Australia is a land of exceptional beauty. It is the world‘s smallest continent and largestisland, a relatively young nation established in an ancient land. A series of geological andhistorical accidents has made Australia one of the world‘s most attractive countries from thetourist‘s viewpoint. This country has a land area of 7,686,850 square kilometers and itscoastline is 36,735 kilometers.

澳大利亚热烈欢迎来自世界各地的游客。澳大利亚是一个异常美丽的国家。这是世界上最小的洲，也是最大的岛，是在古老的土地上建立起来的较为年轻的国家。地质史上，这块土地分地貌形态发生了一系列变化，澳大利亚在旅游者眼中成了世界上最吸引人的国家之一。这个国家的陆地面积为7686850平方公里，海岸线长达36735公里。

The vast movements of the earth‘s crust created a vast land of Australia, isolated it andpositioned it across the tropical and temperate climatic zones. This land has a smallpopulation, which left enormous areas unspoiled. Here you witness an astonishing variety ofenvironments, from desert to rain forest, from tropical beach to white snowfield, from big,sophisticated cities to vast uninhabited areas. The tourist will admire a wide array of uniqueand intriguing fauna and flora, a comfortable and sunny climate, and an interesting,cosmopolitan and friendly people.

地壳的剧烈运动使澳大利亚成了幅员辽阔，与大陆分离，地处温、热带地区的国家。由于澳大利亚人口稀少，大片土地仍属未开发的处女地。游客在澳大利亚可以观赏到各种地形风貌，从沙漠到热带雨林，从地处热带的海滩到白雪皑皑的田野，从扑所迷离的大都市到人迹罕至的旷野，景观各异，令人叹为观止。游客无不为澳大利亚境内的各种珍禽奇兽和奇花异草所折服。这里有充足的阳光和宜人的气候，澳洲人富有情趣，和蔼友善，他们对待游客颇有四海一家的胸襟，令前来观光的游客赞不绝口。

Tourism is a major industry in Australia, representing about 6% of the gross domesticproduct and providing, directly or indirectly, around 440,000 jobs. More than 2,000,000tourists visitAustralia each year, spending about $4,000 million. It is worth mentioning thatthe number of tourists from China is on the rise in recent years.

旅游业是澳大利亚的一大主要产业，产值约占国内生产总值的6%，旅游业直接或间接地为44万澳大利亚人提供了就业机会。每年来此观光的游客超过200万人，这些游客在澳大利亚的消费高达40亿澳元。值得一提的是，来澳观光的中国游客人数近年来呈上升趋势。

There are a variety of restaurants to suit all tastes and pockets, from top-class restaurantswith international cuisine to small coffee shops serving snacks. All cities have a wide rangeof ethnic restaurants.

在澳大利亚可以找到各式各样的餐馆，从具有国际烹饪水准的一流豪华饭店，到供应快餐的小咖啡馆，各种风味，应有尽有，可以满足各类顾客不同的口味和价位要求。所有澳大利亚的城市都有以供应少数民族菜肴为特色的餐馆。

1-2 Niagara Falls（高口第三版 P217，第四版 P192）

Situated between the state of New York of the United States and the province of Ontarioof Canada, and with an age of 25,000 years, Niagara Falls is one of the most spectacularnatural wonders on

the North American continent. The falls are on the Niagara River, whichflows between the United States and Canada from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. The falls areabout 17 miles northwest of Buffalo, N.Y. The industrial city and tourist center of NiagaraFalls, N. Y., is adjacent to the American side of the falls. Niagara Falls, Ontario, is across theriver.

地处美国纽约州和加拿大安大略省交界处，有着 25,000 历史的尼亚加拉瀑布，是北美洲最壮观的自然奇观之一。瀑布位于尼亚加拉河上，河流沿途将美加两国分开，然后从伊利湖注入安大略湖。瀑布位于纽约州水牛城西北方向 17 英里处。毗邻瀑布美国边境的是纽约州尼亚加拉瀑布的工业城市和旅游中心。尼亚加拉河对岸便是安大略州的尼亚加拉瀑布市。

The falls are divided into two parts by Goat Island. The larger portion, on the southwestside, is the Canadian falls, known as the Horseshoe Falls. It measures 790 meters along itscurve anddrops 49.4 meters. The smaller American falls is northeast of Goat Island. It is 305meters across and drops about 51 meters. Just before flowing over the ledge, the Americanstream is only about one meter deep, while the Canadian stream is about six meters deep andcarries some 95% of the Niagara River's water. Thus the Horseshoe is the larger and granderof the two falls.

尼亚加拉瀑布被山羊岛一劈为二。较大的一部分在山羊岛西南边是以马蹄瀑布著名的加拿大瀑布。沿途 790 公尺落差 49.4 公尺。山羊岛的东北面是较小的美国瀑布。宽度 305 公尺落差 51 公尺。临近断崖的那段水域，美国一侧的河水深仅 1 米，而加拿大一侧的河水则有6 米深，尼亚加拉河 95%的水量由此通过。因此马蹄瀑布是两条瀑布中较大和较为壮观的一条。

Both the United States and Canadian governments have built parks, viewing platforms,paths, and highways. The Niagara Reservation State Park was established in 1885 and is NewYork's oldest state park. It includes an observation tower, elevators that descend into thegorge at the base of the American falls, and boat trips into the waters at the base of theHorseshoe Falls. At night colored lights illuminate the falls and create a charming spectaclewhich viewers find hard to turnaway from. The park area has long been a tourist site and afavorite spot for couples to spend their honeymoons.

美国和加拿大政府都修建了公园、看台、小路和高速公路。尼亚加拉保护区国家公园于 1885 年建立，是纽约州的最古老的国家公园。它包括一个观察塔、能够下降到美国瀑布谷底峡谷的电梯和能够进入马蹄瀑布谷底水域的船只。夜幕降临五彩缤纷的灯照亮瀑布，创造了让人流连忘返的迷人的景观。公园地区一向是旅游胜地和新婚夫妇度蜜月的青睐之地。

1-3 Yellowstone National Park （高口第三版 P113，第四版 P107）

Welcome to the world's first national park, the Yellowstone Park of the United States. Inthis paradise, nature puts on a spectacular display. Geysers send water shooting into the air.Mud pots boil and bubble. Hot springs display brilliant colors of blue, yellow and orange.You won't findany place else like it on Earth.

欢迎来到世界第一座国家公园，美国的黄石公园！在这个人间仙境里，大自然呈现着壮观的景色。间歇泉将水射入空中；泥沸泉沸腾发泡；温泉展现出蓝、黄、桔等艳丽的颜色。地球上再也找不到任何地方可与此地相媲美。

The park's thermal areas make it unique. Geysers are also found in New Zealand andIceland,but Yellowstone has more geysers than the rest of the earth combined. More than200 geysers and 10,000 other thermal features dot the park. All are protected. The park doesnot allow

visitors to wander off the walkways or touch the thermal features.

温泉区是公园的特色。虽然新西兰和冰岛也有间隙喷泉，但是黄石公园的间歇泉数比全球其他地区加起来的总数的还要多。整个公园布满了二百多个间歇泉及一万多个温泉特景。为了保护公园，管理人员不允许游客偏离步道或触摸温泉景观。

Take you time exploring the park. Walk around the thermal areas, look for wildlife alongrivers and streams, have a picnic under a big tree, listen to the wild roar and feel the spray onyour face. Nothing can take you away from the sights. The park was created for the benefitand enjoyment of all. So have a good time.

慢慢地走走看看。在温泉区悠闲散步；在溪河旁寻找野生动物的踪迹；在大树下野餐；倾听吼声；感觉溅在脸上的水花。公园为大家的福利及乐趣而建。祝大家玩得开心。

Week 2 Tourism II

2-1 泰山（高口第三版 P95，第四版 P94）

泰山地处我国山东省的中部，绵延 200 多公里，其巅峰位于泰安市北面，海拔 1545

米。泰山雄伟壮观，峻拔突兀，最高峰玉皇顶为峡谷和险峰所环绕。登临泰山需走九曲

十八盘的路程，沿途可饱览绚丽的风光，观赏不同风格的古代建筑。一阶石梯，直通南

天门。

Mount Tai is situated in central Shandong Province, stretching over

200kilometers. North of the city of Tai'an stands Mount Tai's highest peak, rising

to1,545meters above sea level. This mountain impresses visitors with its majestic and precipitous appeal, its summit Yuhuangding overlooking the surrounding valleys

and perilous peaks. To reach Mount Tai's summit, we will follow the zigzag and tortuous paths, along which we will feast our eyes on the charming scenery and appreciate the ancient architectural works of various styles. Soon we will trudge along a staircase that leads to the Heavenly Southern Gate. When we reach the Riguan Peak and look around in the distance, we will find ourselves carried away in involuntary admiration by the overpowering endless vistas of mountains beyond mountains and scenery beyond scenery.

泰山将自然景观与文化景观完美地融为一体，山上有无以计数的奇石、清瀑、古松、

石桥、庙宇、亭阁、古塔、殿堂。名胜古迹数不胜数，尤其是历代文人雅士墨客所留下

的 1300 多处石刻碑文，令游客目不暇接，叹为观止。壮观的自然风景以及不可计数的

历史名胜，激发了古代文人墨客，为之舞文弄墨，创作了无数经典佳作。泰山历来是画

家骚客钟情的聚集地。

Mount Tai is a perfect example of the kind of mountain resort that embodies natural scenery and cultural heritage, boasting numerous grotesque rock formations, clear waterfalls，age-old pine trees, stone bridges, temples, pavilions, pagodas, and halls, And in particular; tourists will invariantly marvel at the vast number of stone inscriptions left in more than 1,300 places by famous ancient writers, scholars and calligraphers of various dynasties.

现代世界也认识到泰山的旅游价值和文化价值，早在 1987 年，联合国教科文组织

世界遗产委员会便将泰山列入联合国“世界自然与文化双遗产名录”之中。

泰山热忱欢迎世界各地游客来此观光。

The modern world has also recognized the tourist and cultural values of Mount Tai. In 1987, the World Heritage Commission under United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)placed it on the UN list of World Natural and Cultural Heritage Sites.

2-2 上海（高口第三版 P165，第四版 P152）

上海的字面意思是指“海上之埠”，简称“沪”，别称“申”。上海面积为6340 平方公

里，占全国总面积的0.06%，属冲积平原，地势平坦，平均海拔高度4 米，最高点大金山海拔103.4 米，常住居民达1700 万。

Shanghai is literally named as ―a port on the sea,‖ and this city has acquired two additional names for short, ―Hu‖ and ―Shen‖. Shanghai occupies a soil deposit plain land of 6340 square kilometers, 0.06% of China‘s total territory, with an average altitude of 4 meters above sae level, the 103.4 meter-Dajinshan being summit of this land. About 17 million people register as the

city‘s permanent residents.

这是世界上最大的海港城市之一，也是中国最大的工业、商业、金融、航运中心之

一。这里有着世界上最快的陆地交通工具——磁悬浮列车和亚洲最高的高塔——东方明

珠塔，它们标志着上海的速度和高度。

Shanghai is one of the world's largest seaports and among China's biggest industrial, commer cial, financial and shipping centers. Here you will see the world's fastest means of land transportati on, the maglev train, and the tallest tower in Asia, the Oriental Pearl Tower, marking metaphoricall y the speed and height of Shanghai.

上海是美食家的乐园，全市数以千计的餐馆汇集了全国各大名菜，如鲁菜、川菜、

粤菜、扬州菜、闽菜等，各种风味，一应俱全。世界各地的风味烹调，如法、俄、意、英、德、西、日、韩、印等外帮菜，比比皆是，各领风骚。清真人士和素食者，自有去处，各得其所。

Shanghai is a cherished paradise for gourmets, who may find themselves frequenting the man y thousands of restaurants that serve a complete list of China's major well-known cuisines, such as Shandong, Sichuan, Cantonese, Yangzhou, Fujian traditions, to name just a few. In addition, you may easily find your way to those competing foreign food restaurants featuring French, Russian, It alian, British, German, Spanish, Japanese, Korean and Indian cuisines. On top of that, authentic M uslim and vegetarian foods may very well satisfy the palate of those religious enthusiasts and inter ested individuals.

2-3 张家界

有人说，湖南的张家界盛产风景，一点儿都没错。张家界位于湖南省西北部，气候

湿润，风景如画的自然景区遍布境内，除核心景区张家界国家森林公园、天子山自然保

护区、索溪峪自然保护区外，周边还有天门山国家森林公园、茅岩河漂流景区、国家级

自然保护区八大公山等让人流连忘返的自然风光。

Some people say that Zhangjiajie, Hunan province, is boundless with sights, which is really the fact. Located in the northwest of Hunan Province, Zhangjiajie is blessed with humid climate and posturized sights. Apart from the main sights, the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Tianzi Mountain nature preservation zone and Suoxiyu nature preservation zone, Zhangjiajie is sounded by a series of eye-catching sight views such as Tianmen Mountain National Forest Park, Maoyan River drift view

and the national nature preservation zone, the eight .

张家界国家森林公园距张家界市城区32 公里，一向被认为是张家界的后花园。从

张家界市区驱车到森林公园只需要十多分钟。而仅仅是这十几分钟，就让我们从喧嚣的

闹市一下子来到鸟兽争鸣的森林园区。

Zhangjiajienational forest parkis 32 kilometers away from Zhangjiajie city proper, has always been regarded as back yard of Zhangjiajie city. Zhangjiajienational forest park is 10minites drive from zhangjiajie city. It is the 10s minutes which can bring us from noisy downtown to the forest park where birds sing and animals roar. 1982 年，风景优美的张家界林场被批准为中国第一个国家森林公园。这张“第一家”

的王牌也让越来越多的人从世界各地赶来一睹它的奇峰怪石，领略它的暗流峡谷。

Because of its beauty, Zhangjiajie was admitted to be the first national forest park in 1982. The famous brand of ―the first‖ has been attracting more and more people from all over the world here to see the unique mountain and rocks and enjoy the river and valley.

Week 4 Traditional Culture

4-1 中国文化周（高口第三版 P234，第四版 P206）

China has held many cultural exchange activities in Europe and other parts of the world. The coming China Culture Week in London is the largest cultural exhibition of its kind. May

I know the purpose of staging such an exhibition?

问：中国在欧洲和世界其他地区举办过许多次文化交流活动。这次将在伦敦举办的中国文化周是这类文化展览活动中最大的一次。我想知道举办这样的展览目的是什么？

我们已经进入了一个新的千年。文化周是庆祝新纪元到来的大型活动之一。我们还希望

这次展览能帮助英国人民以及来自世界其他地区的人们了解中国的今昔。同时，文

化周也是东西方文化的一次沟通，我们希望这次活动能够促进中英两国和两国文化

之间的交流和了解，缩短东西方之间的差距。

A：We have entered the new Millennium．The Culture Week is one of the grand activities in celebration of the arrival of the new age．We also hope that the exhibition will help the British people and people from other parts of the world learn about the past and the present。Of China．Meanwhile，the Culture Week will serve as an open communication between the oriental culture and the Occidental culture．In particular，it is expected to promote the exchanges between China and the UK and the understanding of the two cultures，and narrow the distance between the East and the West．

What will be displayed within the seven short days?

问：在短短的7天里将有哪些东西参展?

我们选择了一些反映中国文化精髓的主题，有古代的，也有现代的。活动分成展览和表

演两大类。

A：We have selected some subjects that represent the essence of Chinese culture，both ancient and

modern．The activities are of two major types：exhibitions and performances．

Could you tell me more about the exhibition?

问：请您再介绍一些展览会的情况?

我们要展示的内容包括中国在教育、文化、建筑和科技方面所取得的成就，介绍首都北

京和东方明珠上海的新貌。我们还要展出中国陶器、京剧戏装、中国编钟和中国出

土文物的精品。最后一场展览将展示被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录的29

处景点及其图片和实物。

A：The exhibitions include the achievements of China's education, culture，architecture，science and technology. We'll show you the new outlook of the capital city of Beijing and Shanghai，known as the ―oriental Pearl‖，as well as the best works of Chinese pottery，costumes of the Peking Opera，Chinese chimes and cultural relics unearthed in China．The last exhibition will display China's 29 places on the UNESCO world heritage list，with pictures and objects，for example，the replica of the Mogao Grottoes and the bronze chariots unearthed in the Qinshihuang Mausoleum．

What about the performance? What do we expect to see?

问：至于表演，我们可以看到哪些演出呢?

在展出期间我们将安排3 场演出，有编钟音乐会，有民间歌舞演出，有中国历史上各朝

代的服饰表演和现代服装表演。

A：There will be three performances staged during the exhibition：a chime music concert，folk songs and dances，and a display of costumes of the different dynasties in Chinese history and a modern fashion show．

What about the Peking Opera costumes to be displayed?

问：那么请介绍一下参展的京剧戏装好吗?

欧洲是交响乐之乡，也是歌剧之乡，是许多杰出作曲家的摇篮。中国也有歌剧，那就是

京剧。京剧起源于200 年前清朝时期的北京。京剧是一种集歌舞表演、歌唱、音乐、

舞蹈和武术于一体的表演艺术。我们的服装展览会将展示这个“东方歌剧”历时200

年的发展史。

A：Europe is the home to symphonic music and also home to opera. It has been a cradle of many brilliant music composers．China has Opera, too．That‘s Peking Opera，which originated from Beijing some 200 years ago during the Qing Dynasty．It‘s a performing art that embraces opera performance，singing，music, dancing and martial arts．The costume exposition will present 200 years 0f development of this ―Oriental Opera‖.

4-2 中国戏剧（高口第三版 P245，第四版 P217）

How many traditional operas are there in China?

问：中国有多少种传统戏剧？

各类传统戏剧总数达300 种左右，有些全国知名，如京剧、评剧、越剧、粤剧，其中最

受欢迎的京剧已有200 多年的历史了。

A:Traditional Chinese operas total about 300 in variety, with some of them enjoying national fame, such as Peking Opera, Pingju Opera, Shaoxing Opera and Guangdong Opera, among which Peking Opera, with a history of over 200 years, is the most popular.

How did traditional Chinese operas come into being?

问：中国传统戏剧是怎样产生的？

中国传统戏剧在其长期的形成和发展过程中借鉴了音乐、舞蹈、诗词、美术、杂技、武

术等艺术形式，最后发展成以戏剧情节表演为主导的一种兼收并蓄而又独立的艺术

形式。

A:During along process of formulation and development, traditional Chinese operas have kept, borrowing elements from music, dance, poetry and ci (a poetic genre), paintings, acrobatics and martial arts, and finally developed into an inclusive and independent art form dominated by drama story performance.

4-3 Traditional Chinese medicine（高口第三版 P307，第四版 P273）

Traditional Chinese medicine says that good health is associated with the balance of qi –an energy force that flows through the body. Qi can be hindered or helped by yin and yang –opposing forces that, when balanced, work harmoniously together. According to traditionaltheory, the goal of acupuncture is to promote the flow of qi by keeping yin and yang inbalance – and this is done by inserting needles at various points along primary channels andmeridians that crisscross the body. 中国传统医学认为，健康的体魄与气脉平衡有关。所谓“气”就是流动于体内的能量，其通畅与否由阴阳二气决定，当这两种相对立的气脉趋于平衡时，它们在一起就十分和谐。根据传统理论，针刺疗法的目的就在于使阴阳二气平衡从而加羁气脉的流动。其方法是将针刺入体内交错的主要脉络上的各穴位。

In China, acupuncture is used to alleviate post-operative pain. Medical experts believethat inserting needles into the body at precise points can stimulate nerves that cause the brainto release its natural pain-killing chemicals. There is sufficient evidence in the literature thatshows a positive effect between the technique of acupuncture itself –stimulating theseacupuncture points in the skin – and the release of substances in the brain which we know tobe associated with the relief of pain.

针刺疗法在中国被用来减轻病人手术后的疼痛。医学专家认为，将针准确刺入穴位可以刺激神经从而使大脑分泌出天然止痛化学物。有关文献资料足以证明，用针刺疗法来刺激皮内穴位对大脑分泌止痛物质有积极作用。

Studies show that one of the key benefits of acupuncture that seems to be emerging fromvarious studies is that it has few, if any, side effects; and that when used with standard drugtreatment –– in anesthesia, for example ––it allows physicians to cut back on medication,delivering the same level of benefit with fewer negative effects.

研究表明，针刺疗法最主要的好处之一在于它几乎没有什么副作用。研究还表明，当针刺疗法同使用麻醉药这类药物的治疗方法结合起来使用时，病人可以减少药物的摄入，既可收到同样的疗效，又可减少副作用。

4-4 Intangible Heritage央视网

China's long history has given birth to numerous cultural marvels. Peking Opera andChinese acupuncture are two shining stars.

Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century, It's a synthesis of music, dance, art andacrobatics. It's the most influential and representative of all opera forms in China. There arefour basic performing skills, Chang, Nian, Zuo and Da, or singing, dialogue, acting andmartial arts.

The artists start training at a very early age to master the required skills to perform. Likeall other operas, one important element is the music. Peking Opera's melody with harmoniousrhythms is graceful and pleasing to the ears. Recently, Peking Opera has acquired manyinternational fans. In the theaters, you can see people from all over the world enjoying therefined art.

中国悠久的历史孕育了无数的文化奇迹。京剧和中国针灸是两颗闪亮的星星。

京剧起源于18世纪晚期，是一种音乐、舞蹈、艺术和杂技的综合。它是中国所有歌剧形式中最有影响力和最具代表性的。有四种基本的表演技巧，唱，念，坐和打或唱歌，对话，表演和武术。

艺术家们在很小的时候就开始接受训练，以掌握所需要的技能。就像其他的歌剧一样，一个重要的元素就是音乐。京剧的和谐旋律优美悦耳，令人赏心悦目。最近，京剧获得了许多国际影迷的喜爱。在剧院里，你可以看到来自世界各地的人们欣赏高雅的艺术。Acupuncture, on the other hand, is a treasure within traditional Chinese medicine. Itgenerally refers to the procedure of inserting and manipulating needles into various points onthe body to relieve pain or for therapeutic purpose.

另一方面，针灸是中医的宝库。它通常指的是将针插入人体各个部位以减轻疼痛或治疗目的的过程。

The earliest record of Chinese acupuncture dates back over two thousand years. Despiteits popularity amongst Chinese, for most of its history it was largely controversial in otherparts of the world. But in the late 20th century, it became the subject of active scientificresearch both in regard to its basis and the therapeutic effectiveness. Nowadays, the methodis commonly applied to help people relieve body pain, lose weight and other ailments.

The granting of intangible heritage status to Chinese Peking Opera and Acupuncture hasonce again shown the renewed life of traditional art forms, with the assistance of discovery ofnew science and technologies.

中国针灸最早的记录可以追溯到两千多年前。尽管它在中国很受欢迎，但在它的大部分历史上，它在世界的其他地方都引起了很大的争议。但在20世纪末，它成为了积极的科学研究的对象，无论是在它的基础上还是在治疗效果上。现在，这种方法被广泛应用于帮助人们减轻身体疼痛、减轻体重和其他疾病。

中国京剧和针灸的非物质文化遗产的授予，再次显示了传统艺术形式的新生命，在新科学技术的发现的帮助下。

Week 5 Economic Policy

5-1 How Stable is the Global Economy ?

Let me conclude by returning to the question posed by the title of this session—Howstable is the global economy? Ultimately, of course, this in an unanswerable question. Bytheir nature, shocks are unpredictable. They always come from unexpected quarters. So wecannot know how stable the global economy is over the medium and longer term, because wedo not—and cannot—know what events we need to guard against.

最后，让我回到本次会议所提出的问题，全球经济稳定性如何？当然，追根究底的话，这是

个无法回答的问题。从本质上说，震荡是无法预测的，总是出乎预料之外。所以，我们无法知道全球经济中长期的稳定性如何，因为我们不知道，也无法知道需要防范些什么。

So we have to work with what we know. And from our experience of previous crises, wehave accumulated knowledge about how to reduce, though not eliminate, the impact ofunexpected and adverse events.

所以，我们必须根据已知情况开展工作。我们从以往的经济危机中吸取经验，积累知识，知道如何减少意外事件所造成的不利影响，尽管我们还无法彻底消除这些影响。

We know how important are the benefits that low inflation brings. Governments havecome to recognize that sustained low inflation makes all kinds of decision-making easier; andtheir citizens like it too. There is a strong incentive to keep it low, and that in turn provides astrong incentive to persist with other sound policies as well.

我们知道低通货膨胀率所带来的好处是多么重要。各国政府已开始认识到持续的低通货膨胀率有利于制定各种决策，而且也受国民欢迎。各国都非常希望保持低通货膨胀率，而低通货膨胀率又能积极促使他们继续推行其他合理的政策。

The current global environment is, taken as a whole, about as promising as it has beenfor some time. There are clouds on the horizon: continuing geopolitical uncertainty; theglobal payments imbalances; uncomfortably high energy prices. But last year's growthperformance was impressive by any standard. And low inflation globally has provided asignificantly improved environment for economic policymaking.

总体来看，目前的全球环境和前一段时间一样充满希望。但也有令人担忧的一面：地缘政治的不确定性仍然存在；国际收支不平衡；能源价格居高不下。但是，无论依据何种标准，去年的经济增长还是令人振奋的，而且全球范围内的低通货膨胀率也为经济政策的制定提供了更为良好的环境。

5-2 The Real Great Leap Forward （高口第三版P350，第四版P338）

―LET China sleep, for when she awakes she will shake the world,‖ runs Napoleon'sfamous saying. He was ahead of his time, but now the dragon is certainly stirring. Since 1978,when Deng Xiaoping first set his country on a path of economic reform, its GDP has grownby an average of 9.5% a year, three times the rate in the United States, and faster than in anyother economy. The official figures may slightly overstate the growth rate, but China is stilllikely one day to overtake America and become the world's number one economy.

拿破伦有句名言说，“让中国沉睡吧！当她觉醒时，全球将为之震撼。”拿破仑走在他所处时代的前面，而如今中国这条巨龙的确正在蠕动。自1978年邓小平将中国推上经济改革之路以来，国内生产总值以年均9.5%的速度增长，是美国同期增长速度的三倍，增长速度超过其它任何一个经济体。中国官方提供的数据可能略微夸大了增长率，但中国仍有可能有朝一日赶超美国而成为世界头号经济强国。

In fact, China was the largest economy for much of recorded history. Until the 15th century, China had the highest income per head and was the technological leader. But then itsuddenly turned its back on the world. Its rulers imposed strict limits on international tradeand tightened their control on new technology.

实际上，中国在有史以来的大部分时间一直都是世界上最大的经济体。15世纪以前，中国的人均收入最高，并且是世界上的技术强国。但突然间中国闭关锁国，统治者对国际贸易严格限制，对新技术的引进严加控制。

Measured by GDP per person it was overtaken by Europe by 1500, but it remained theworld's biggest economy for long thereafter. In 1820 it still accounted for 30% of world GDP.However, by 1950, after a century of anarchy, warlordism, foreign suppression, civil war andthe war against Japanese invasion, its share of world output had fallen to less than 5%.

到1500年，中国人均国内生产总值已被欧洲赶超，但在此后很长一段时间里中国还保持着世界头号经济体的地位。1820年的世界国内生产总值，中国仍占了其中的30%。然后地位一路下滑，中国经历了一个世纪的政治混乱、军阀割据、内战纷乱、抗日战争，到了1950年，中国所占世界产出比例已锐减至5%以下。

Most of China's growth over the past quarter-century can be explained by high rates ofinvestment and the movement of workers from subsistence farming, where their marginalproductivity is close to zero, to more productive use in industry. But China's growth is notbased simply on cheap labour. It also has the advantages of good infrastructure, an educatedworkforce, a high rate of saving available to finance investment and, most important of all,an extremely open economy.

中国过去30年的增长，主要归功于高投资率，归功于农村那些编辑生产率近乎为零的低收入劳动力向生产力程度更高的企业的流动。但是，中国经济的增长并非仅仅依赖廉价劳动力，它具有许多优势：良好的基础设施，一支受过良好教育的劳动力，可用于金融投资的高储蓄，而最重要的是，中国的经济极为开放。

5-3 Prudent monetary policy to reduce leverage央视网

China‘s interbank rates began spiking before the Dragon Boat festival earlier this month.

While rates appear to have peaked, they remain at elevated levels. Comments from theCentral Bank stating that they will "prudently manage liquidity risks that have resulted fromrapid credit expansion" caused the Chinese stock market to plummet.

The statement is telling banks to tone down risky activities in the shadowing bankingmarket and reduce their reliance on the central bank to bail them out when they face a cashsqueeze.

端午节前本月早些时候，中国的银行间拆借利率开始飙升。

尽管利率似乎已见顶，但仍处于高位。中国央行的言论表明，他们将“审慎管理信贷扩张导致的流动性风险”，这导致中国股市暴跌。

该声明要求银行降低影子银行市场的风险活动，并减少它们在面临现金短缺时对央行的依赖。

The Central bank also stated that overall bank liquidity conditions are at a reasonablelevel. The M2 supply for the first 5 months of this year reached 16 percent, 3% higher thanthe government annual target. So why the abundant money supply in the system cannot meetthe demand for cash? Ca o says there is a mismatch in the system, the cash is not going intowhere it‘s needed.

中国央行还表示，总体银行流动性状况处于一个合理的水平。今年前5个月的M2供应量达到16%，比政府年度目标高出3%。那么，为什么系统中大量的货币供应无法满足现金需求呢?曹说，系统中存在不匹配的情况，现金不会流入需要的地方

Cao says the growth of shadow banking loan products accounts for more than 20percent of total loan growth. The size of shadow banking is around 20 trillion US dollars.China‘s financial regulators are very aware of the issue and are now willing to accept slowergrowth and shorter-term hits to ensure the longer term health of the economy.

曹说，影子银行贷款产品的增长占贷款总量的20%以上。影子银行的规模大约在20万亿美元左右。中国的金融监管机构非常清楚这一问题，现在愿意接受较慢的增长和较短期的打击，以确保经济的长期健康。

Week 6 E-commerce

6-1 Information Economy （高口第三版 P86，第四版 P82）

We’re aware of an emergence of a new and exciting mode of information economydriven by networked technology. What I want to say is that the computer Internet istransforming business operation patterns and contributing to what is called the newinformation economy. An immediate consequence of this profound change is thesimplification of business transaction.

我们已注意到一种崭新而又令人兴奋的信息经济形态的出现，这种经济形态是以网络技术为驱动力的。我所要说的是，因特网正在改变商务运作的模式，促进一种被称之为新信息经济的形成。这种深刻变化所带来的一个直接结果是商务交易的简化。

Thanks to technology something very important is happening to the US economy.Indeed, something new and different is happening around us. We are able to grow fasterwithout triggering inflation than we thought possible. Of course, there's the down side. Thenew economy does not mean we will never have another recession or even a deflationaryspiral. It does not mean inflation is dead.

得益于技术进步的美国经济正在发生一些重大的变化。我们的身边的确出现了一些新鲜事。我们能够使经济在快速增长的同时，免受通货膨胀之苦，这种未导致通货膨胀的经济增长其速度之快是我们以往不可想象的。当然，负面的情况并非不存在。

The emergence of electronic business has created enormous and exciting challenges forbusiness managers. Internet commerce immediately opens global and more efficient markets.I would challenge many people to tell me where it has not brought about greaterefficiency in markets. We as consumers have benefited from that. In any case, the Internetwill transform the way companies do business. And those companies that do not address thatissue will not be the market winners.

电子商务的出现给公司经理人员带来了巨大而又激动人心的挑战。因特网商务即刻打开了全球性的更有效率的市场。我会问许多人，请他们告诉我还有哪些地方因特网商务没有给那里的市场带来更大的效率。作为消费者我们已经从因特网商务中获益。不管怎样，因特网将改变公司的经营方法。那些不愿正视因特网商务现实的公司是不会成为市场赢家的。

6-2 Speech made by the Chairman of IBM（高口第三版 P392，第四版P349）

Some people are talking about a phenomenon they call "Internet Leapfrog", ahigh-stakes game in which countries and geographies that make the most astute use ofnetworked technologies quickly bypass other regions in production, productivity, andprofitable growth. Today, this contest of Internet Leapfrogging is played on a wide-open field.We hear about 100 million connected users in China ... and some equate that with universalConnectivity.

有些人正在谈论一种互联网跨越式蛙跳现象，这是一个下大赌注的游戏。在这个游戏中，运用互联网技术最为精湛的国家和地区，将很快在生产.生产力和利润增长方面超过其他国家和地区。今天，这场互联网络蛙跳竞争是在完全开放的背景下展开的。听说中国上网用户已达到1亿，有人说这是网络天下。

Today, it's evident that the Net represents a transformation far more profound thanonline "chat" groups or giving people access to sports scores and weather reports. It hasemerged as a powerful means for parties of every type to conduct interactions of every type.Certainly, it's changing the way things are bought and sold. Electronic commerce is booming,creating a marketplace of at least a trillion dollars, most of which comes from business tobusiness transactions.

今天很明显，互联网络代表着一种比网上聊天或向人们播报体育比赛成绩和天气预报更深远的变革。互联网络成为一种威力强大的工具，凭借这种工具，各种各样的人可以从事各种各样的交流。当然，它也正在改变商品买卖的方式，电子交易正在蓬勃兴起，已造就一个交易额至少达万亿美元的市场，其中大部分是企业之间的交易。

E-business includes transactions among employees inside an enterprise; among tradingpartners in a supply chain; and of course, the networked transactions that transform the wayeducators teach students, physicians treat patients, and the way governments deliver servicesto citizens. All of these interactions have become digital.

电子商务包括企事业内部员工之间的交流活动.供应链上商业伙伴之间的交易，当然也包括网上教育.网上医疗服务.网上市民服务等活动。所有这些活动都已数字化。

This kind of decision-making is the real revolution in the networked world. It's not justabout technology. It’s a changed way of life, because when banks, schools, airlines, hospitalsand governments use the Net to allow people to execute transactions, they have to makefundamental changes to the way they currently do things.

这样决策代表网络世界出现的真正革命。这不只是技术上的革命，这是一种全新的生活方式，因为，当银行.学校.航空公司.医院和政府部门都在通过互联网络让人们进行业务活动时，他们就必须对现行的办事方式进行根本性的变革。

6-3 Alibaba faces tough rivals

The sound of money in the era of e-commerce from the warehouse of online clothesretailer HSTYLE. Launched just six years ago, the company last year booked sales of about160 million U.S. Dollars.

这是电子商务时代的网上服装零售商HSTYLE的仓库中钱的声音。推出仅六年，该公司去年入账销售额约1.6亿美元。

HSTYLE started with a virtual store front on Taobao. But today only about half its salesgo through Alibaba's e-commerce platforms. The rest are on competing sites, like https://www.360docs.net/doc/c36118342.html, orHSTYLE's own https://www.360docs.net/doc/c36118342.html,.

HSTYLE最初是淘宝上开的虚拟网店。但今天只有大约一半的销售通过阿里巴巴的电子商务平台。其余的都是在竞争的网站，像https://www.360docs.net/doc/c36118342.html,或HSTYLE自己https://www.360docs.net/doc/c36118342.html,。

HSTYLE isn't alone. As it gears up for a multi-billion dollar U.S. IPO, Alibaba is facingmore challenges to its market dominance than ever. Euromonitor data shows last year forthe first time Alibaba's online retail market share slipped as competition heated up.

HSTYLE并不孤单。阿里巴巴即将以数十亿美元在美国上市，它正面临着比以往更多的挑战其市场主导地位。Euromonitor的数据显示，去年第一次阿里巴巴的网上零售市场份额下滑,由于竞争升温。

But that's not all. Alibaba's arch rival Tencent - which owns the leading mobilemessaging app, WeChat - just took a 15 percent stake in https://www.360docs.net/doc/c36118342.html,, China's second largeste-commerce site. Industry watchers says that could pave the way for a killer mobile shoppingApp.

但是这还不是全部。阿里巴巴的主要竞争对手腾讯 - 该公司拥有领先的移动消息应用程序，WeChat - 刚刚与https://www.360docs.net/doc/c36118342.html,合作，占这个中国第二大的电子商务网站15％的股份。行业观察家说，可以铺平道路杀手级手机购物应用程序。

Alibaba is more upbeat. And the firm does boast high user numbers on some of its ownmobile offerings, like payment system Alipay Wallet.

阿里巴巴是比较乐观的。而该公司也拥有一些自己的移动产品,使用者众，如支付系统——

支付宝。

Alibaba is still China's online shopping frontrunner, but the loyalty of its vendors isn'tguaranteed. And with cracks appearing in its dominance of the market, when it finally doeslist, it may not dazzle investors the way it used to.

阿里巴巴依然是中国网络购物的领跑者，但它的供应商的忠诚度没有保证。由于出现了影响其市场主导地位的裂缝，当最终上市时，它可能不再沿用既有方式吸引投资者。

Week 8 Business Interview

8-1 Interview of Mr. McIntyre, President of GE (China)

Reporter：今天我们的客人是美国通用电气中国公司的总裁麦金泰先生。麦金泰先生1988年6月来到中国，对远东并不陌生。事实上这是他第二次来北京任职。在此之前他也在东京和新加坡工作过。麦金泰先生，欢迎您到我们的录音室来

Interpreter: Our guest today is Mr. Charles Mclntyre, President and Chief RepresentativeofGeneral Electric ( USA ) China Company. Mr. Mclntyre has been in Chinasince June 1988, and isno stranger to the Far East. In fact, this is his secondposting to Beijing and he has also worked inTokyo and Singapore. Welcometo the studio, Mr. Mclntyre.

Melntyre: Thank you. I am pleased to be here to share with your listeners some of my experience and our company's business activities in China.

Interpreter：谢谢。能到这儿来，和您的听众谈谈我的一点经验和我们公司在华业务

活动情况，我感到很高兴。

Reporter：好的。您曾经自我介绍说您是麦金泰先生。您这个中国名字是怎么来

的?

Interpreter: Good. You introduced yourself to me earlier as Mr. Mai Jintai. How did you

get your Chinese name?

Mclntyre: Very interesting question. My wife selected the name. She is originally "Shanghainese" and wanted to make sure I had a good Chinese name.

Interpreter：问得很有意思。名字是我妻子给我挑的。她原籍上海，希望我一定得有

个好的中国名字。

Reporter：她的确给您起了个好名字。麦金泰先生，您在美国通用电气公司多少年了? Interpreter: And she's certainly made sure that you have. So how long have you been with

GE, Mr. Mclntyre?

Mclntyre: I have been with GE for over 20 years and had a number of positions in manufacturing, marketing, sales, strategy planning and new business

development.

Interpreter：20多年了。我在生产、市场、销售、战略计划和新业务开发等部门中都

任过职。

Reporter：您在GE的工作时间很长，经验丰富。我们想听听你们公司在90年代的

主要战略。

Interpreter: Your experience in GE has been long and varied. We'd be delighted to hear

what GE sees as its key strategies for the 1990s?

Melntyre: GE is truly a global company in the top ten in the world in market valuation.GE hasoperations all over the world and is particularly complex in that it isnot a one product company.We have 13 major businesses ranging from aircraftengines and turbine generators to plastics andappliances. As a goal, we wanteach of our businesses to be No. 1 orNo. 2 in the USA. Ourlong-term survivaldepends on this success as more and more competitors enter the USA market.Achieving and maintaining a No. 1 or No. 2 market position is also driven byanother factor----ourcontinuing everyday effort to become more and moreproductive and efficient to meet ourcustomer needs and to drive our costdown. We must make the best product in the most productiveway.

Interpreter：GE确实是个全球性的公司。在市场评估中，它是世界前10名大公司之一。它在全世界范围内进行活动。特别复杂的是，它不是单一产品公司。

我们要经营13种业务，从飞机发动机、涡轮发电机、塑料、一直到各种器械。作为一个目标，我们要求我们每一种业务在美国数一数二。能否做到这一点将决定我们是否能长期存在下去，因为进入美国市场的竞争者越来越多了。另外还有一个因素驱使我们去取得和保持在市场上数一数二的地位，那就是我们每天都在不断设法提高生产能力和效率，以满足客户的需要和降低成本。我们必须以最高的生产率生产出最优秀的产品。

Reporter：是的，我明白。不过我得说，这是个很大的挑战。你们怎样做到这一点昵? Interpreter: Yes, I understand. But I must say it is quite a bit of challenge. How are you going

to achieve this?

Melntyre: Two answers come to mind. One is that we must listen to our customers. Listen, listen, listen, and then act. Listening and understanding and then performingare not easy. Asecond answer is people. Listen to our people. This includes:opening communications. Thismeans to continue to share with our employeesthe strategies and problems of our businesses toget their full participation inhelping develop solutions. Offering challenges and freedoms to dotheir jobswithout

a lot of over management. Cutting layers of management. Layers ofmanagement add cost and hinder communications from top to bottom. Forexample, if you have adepartment with three managers reporting to a GeneralManager, we may cut this layer.

Interpreter：回答这个问题，我想到两点：一个是我们必须倾听客户的意见。倾听、倾听、倾听，然后行动。听取意见，理解意见，然后采取行动，这并不是一件容易的事。第二个是人的因素。倾听自己职工的意见，

8-2 About foreign investment in China

Reporter: Hello, Prof. Wang. As we all know, since China adopted the policy of reformand opening up to the outside world in the late 1970s, its economy has enjoyedcontinuously fast growth ever since. Some top economic experts have claimed thatsuccessful utilization of foreign capital is another contributing factor to China‘seconomy. Do you have any comments on it?

王教授，您好。我们都知道，自 20 世纪 70 年代末中国实行改革和对外开放的政策以来，中国的经济一直持续快速发展。一些知名的经济学家声称成功地利用外资是中国经济发展的另一个因素。你对这种说有何评论？

Wang: 好的，我个人也很同意这种说法。事实上，外资在促进我国经济发展上起着很

重要的作用。

Well, personally, I agree with what they have said. As a matter of fact, foreign investment or foreign capitals have virtually played a very important role in boosting our economy. Reporter: So, I‘d like to know how China has attracted foreign capital for the past two Decades.所以，我想知道中国在过去的 20 年里是如何吸引外资的？

Wang：很好。中国吸收外国资金的形式是贷款、外商直接投资和其它形式的投资，例

如：国际租赁、补偿贸易、加工装配贸易等。

OK. China absorbs foreign capital through foreign loans, direct foreign investment and other investment by foreign business people, for instance, international leasing, compensation trade, processing and assembling trade, etc.

Reporter: So far, how many countries and regions have investments in China? The number

of source countries and regions is…到目前为止，有多少国家和地区在中国投资？外资来源国的数量是……

Wang：超过170 多个国家和地区。More than 170 countries and regions have invested here. Reporter: I remember that the very first Sino-foreign joint venture was founded in 1980, it demonstrated that China began to intentionally utilize foreign capital.

我记得中国的第一个中外合资企业成立于 1980 年，它表明了中国开始有目的地利用外资。Wang: 是的，在当时，这是一件很大的事情。它也表明了中国把利用外资作为其基本

国策的一个重要方面，并且在努力改善这方面的工作。

Yes, this was a great event at that time. It also indicated that China has taken the utilization of foreign capital as an important aspect of basic state policy, and great efforts have been made to promote it.

Reporter: In what areas are the Sino-foreign joint ventures involved?

这些中外合资企业都涉足于哪些领域？

Wang: 中外合资企业在开始的时候主要进军加工业，继而，便扩大到基础工业和外向

型的产业、制造业以及商业、金融业、信息业、咨询服务、房地产业和其他领域。

At the beginning, Sino-foreign joint ventures first entered the processing industry, and later expanded towards the basic industries and export-oriented enterprises, manufacturing, commerce, finance, information, consultation, real estate, and other fields. Reporter: We have noticed that most Sino-foreign enterprises are located in the coastal cities.

8-3 Interview of Jack Ma

CHARLIE ROSE: So what was it about you and creating these companies?

你创立这些公司是为了什么？

JACK MA: Well, I started the first Internet company in China in 1995 https://www.360docs.net/doc/c36118342.html,. Just by accident I came to the United States and I found Internet. Wow, thissomething is going to change the world, so I started the business –

恩，我 95 年在中国设立了第一家互联网公司，叫做中国黄页。偶然的机会，我来到美国接触到了互联网，当时我想，哇，这东西将改变世界，于是我开始做了这份业务。CHARLIE ROSE: You knew it was going to change the world and you saw it?

你当时已经预计到互联网将改变世界？

JACK MA: Yes. I think this thing is going to be huge, by honestly I do not know after 15years that would grow that fast. And I work for myself for three years and compete withChina Telecom, the SOE, State Owned Enterprise. And then the startup failed, and thenjoined Government for 14 months and then started Alibaba. Till today, I think what we wantto do with the business is that when I was entrepreneur, small tiny business, nobody helpedus. So when we grow we say, well, China needs a lot of jobs, China needs a lot ofsmall-and-medium sized companies. China needs a lot of entrepreneurs. And what's the bestway to help them? Internet. So then we focused on helping the others. And because wehelped more people and then more people helped us. Then the business really grew.

是的，我觉得它将影响巨大。当然老实说，我不知道 15 年它会发展那么快。我自己经营了三年，和国营单位中国电信竞争，但这个创业公司失败了。然后我气政府单位工作了 14 个月，接下来创立了阿里巴巴。到今天，我仍觉得开始做阿里巴巴的初衷是因为当我们是小企业的创业者时，没有人帮助我们，在我们成长发展的同时，中国有很多人要找工作，中国需要许多中小型企业，需要很多创业者，怎样才能最好地帮助他们？互联网。于是我们专注于帮助别人，也因为我们帮助了很多人，更多的人来帮助我们。就这样我们的业务蓬勃地发展起来了。

CHARLIE ROSE: You are an apostle for small business?

你是小企业的倡导者？

JACK MA: I'm a strong believer. It's my religion. Helping the small businesses.

我坚信这点，这是我的信仰。

CHARLIE ROSE: It's your religion?是你的信仰？

JACK MA: It's my religion. I think it's a great honor for us that we were born in this stagedoing Internet. And we suddenly realized we can help so many people. Especially SMEs, andit's all about family, it's all about family hope and dreams. So, you know, I think I'm veryhonored, that it's just a great honor of this life that you can influence so many families just byusing the technology.

是我的信仰。我认为我们很幸运地出生在这个年代，从事互联网，有一刹那让我们意识到自己可以帮助到那么多的人，尤其是中小企业，他们需要养家活口，他们是很多家庭的希望，是很多家庭的梦想。因此，我对此感到非常光荣，能对这么多家庭产生影响，是一个荣耀，

通过采用技术并获得发展。

CHARLIE ROSE: Where is Alibaba going?阿里巴巴将如何发展？

JACK MA: Still focused on e-commerce, SME and the consumer market and I think webecomethe infrastructure of China e-commerce. You know, e-commerce in the States is adessert, but inChina it's become a main course because the infrastructure of doing businessin China is so bad.The infrastructure of doing business in the States is so good. So it's verydifficult for a puree-commerce company to grow that big in the States. But in China, just likemobile phones. Ten, 15years ago the infrastructure of Telecommunication was so bad. Thenmobile phone bang in China.Today, E-commerce, same thing. So I think the best that cameinto this world is helping the others through making money through e-commerce.

仍然以电子商务为核心，仍然以中小企业和消费者市场为核心，还有我认为我们会成为中国电子商务的基础架构。你知道，电子商务在美国是饭后甜品，但在中国就是主菜。因为在中国，商业经营的基础设施很差，而美国商业设施已经建立的非常完善。所以在美国一个单纯经营电子商务idea公司是很难发展到那么大。但在中国，好比手机的引入，10年前、15年前电信的基础设施是那么差，手机就在中国市场产生了轰动。今天的电子商务，也一样。所以我想最好的事情是通过电子商务，帮助人们赚钱。

Week 9 Business Strategy

9-1 GM 公司战略

The primary goal of General Motors in China over the coming year is clear: to diversifyand renew our line of products. We intend to cover the complete customer spectrum in Chinaand meet worldwide standards with our new local products. GM‘s highlight at the AutoChina 2005 is the market introduction of its latest SUV model. It marks the beginning of theprocess of product renewal and expansion at GM China. The new SUV model, in its longversion, was especially developed for the requirements of the Chinese market.

未来一年通用汽车在中国的主要目标是明确的:多样化和更新我们的产品线。我们打算覆盖中国的全部客户，并以我们的新产品在全球范围内达到标准。通用汽车2005年在中国汽车市场的亮点是其最新款SUV车型的市场推广。这标志着通用中国产品更新和扩张的开始。新的SUV车型，在其长期版本中，特别为中国市场的需求而开发。

As the buying power of Chinese household increases and the costs associated with carownership decrease, we are observing a rise in the number of private customers. Privateconsumers today accounts for approximately 30% of automobile buyers in China. In theyears to come, private customers will make up over half of the market. Meeting this growingprivate demand is a priority for GM. In this year, GM will introduce a so-called ?DrivingFun‘ campaign in China that meets the requirements of families for modern, yet affordableand reliable passenger cars.

随着中国家庭购买力的提高以及与汽车所有权相关的成本下降，我们观察到私人客户数量的增加。如今，中国的汽车买家约占30%。在未来的几年里，私人客户将占据整个市场的半壁江山。满足这种不断增长的私人需求是通用汽车的首要任务，今年，通用将在中国推出一项所谓的“驾驶乐趣”运动，以满足家庭对现代、可负担和可靠的轿车的需求。

On a foundation of seeking a win-win situation for both GM and its business partners inChina, we developed a strategic roadmap comprised of five principles. These five principlesgovern all we do in China: first, we are committed to investing in China for the long term.

在为通用汽车及其在中国的商业伙伴寻求双赢的基础上，我们制定了一个包含5条原则的战略路线图。这五项原则支配着我们在中国所做的一切:首先，我们致力于在中国长期投资。

Second, that commitment means we will bring state-of-the-art technology to China andestablish transfer and training programs to keep the technology current. Third, GM Chinafosters local management, talent and know-how. Forth, we will develop both completevehicles and components in China. Fifth, GM will help to integrate its Chinese partners intothe world market. Action speaks louder than words. And we are doing more in China in thefuture than we ever have.

第二，这一承诺意味着我们将把最先进的技术引进中国，并建立转移和培训项目以保持现有技术的发展。第三，通用中国培养了当地的管理、人才和技术。第四，我们将在中国开发完整的汽车和零部件。第五，通用汽车将帮助其中国合作伙伴融入全球市场。行动胜于言语。我们在中国的未来比以往任何时候都要多。

9-2 Merck公司战略（高口第三版 P143，第四版 P131）

I have been asked this morning to share a few thoughts on the state of thepharmaceutical industry, and that's a pretty daunting task when you think about it. In anindustry that is so fragmented, there is obviously likely to be fragmented opinion on how theindustry is doing. So I‘m not going to spend that much time today discussing the current s tateof the industry. Instead, what I‘d like to do is focus on how Merck is doing. Specifically, Iwill describe how Merck is pursuing a growth strategy that is grounded in the belief thatinnovation is the key to global success.

今天上午我应邀向各位谈一下制药业的现状，这是一个令人生畏的艰巨任务。在这个极不统一的行业，人们对这个行业的状况显然不会有统一的看法。所以我今天不打算花大量的时间来讨论制药行业的状况，而想集中介绍一下摩克制药公司的做法。具体来说，我要介绍摩克公司的发展战略，这个发展战略建筑在创新是全球性成功的关键这一认识的基础上。

To succeed, we need a winning strategy that will make us unique and set us apart, andone that will give us a clear competitive advantage. At Merck, we believe that a commitmentto innovation is important for global success today. Innovation as a strategy can be high risk.But as a means to grow and compete in today's global economy, innovation offers, I believe,the highest return. Because Merck is a research-based pharmaceutical company, it shouldcome as no surprise that innovation plays a central role in our strategy for growth.

若要取得成功，我们需要一种可以使我们超群绝伦、出类拔萃、处于明显竞争优势的战略。我们摩克公司认为，致力于创新是今天取得全球性成功的重要因素。创新作为一项战略可能有高风险，但是作为今天全球性经济中的一种发展和竞争手段，我认为创新有着最高的回报。由于摩克公司是一家以研究为基础的制药公司，所以创新在我们的发展战略中起着重要作用也就不足为奇了。

Our strategy is to discover truly innovative medicines through breakthrough researchthat are unique-in-class and have proven health outcomes. We focus on medicines ondiseases with large patient populations worldwide, taking advantage of new knowledge aboutpathways of diseases, and using that new knowledge to come up with a novel drug. And welook for drugs that are highly potent and highly specific and that are oral and once-a-day ---and therefore easy to use.

我们的战略是通过突破性的研究，开发那些有真正创新价值的药品，即品种独特又被证明确有健康疗效的药品。我们集中研究一些可以医治世界各地大批患者的药品，充分利用对疾病途径的新认识来生产新药物。我们在探寻那些既有高效又有特效的药物，探寻那些可以口服和日服一次的易用药物。

9-3 Henkel 公司战略

One of the many challenges facing Henkel in China is firstly to attract the best staff, andthen to

keep them in the company. To do this, Henkel offers incentives such as housing loans.

As important is training. Henkel has established the Henkel Jiao Tong ManagementTraining Center in Shanghai, providing 1000 training days for managerial staff fromHenkel‘s joint venture partners around Asia to develop their skills in administration, sales,marketing, product development and application technology.

亨克尔在中国面临的诸多挑战之一是，首先要吸引最优秀的员工，然后让他们留在公司。为了做到这一点，亨克尔提供了住房贷款等激励措施。

重要的是培训。亨克尔在上海建立了汉克尔交通管理培训中心，为汉克尔在亚洲各地的合资伙伴提供了1000个培训日，以培养他们在管理、销售、市场营销、产品开发和应用技术方面的技能。

A cornerstone of Henkel‘s policy in a multi-cultural environment is to train local staff. Generally at the beginning, they lack to some extent the education and experience to allowthem to deal with the needs of a market-driven economy, therefore, training is veryimportant.

As one of the first consumer branded companies to enter the Chinese market in the early1990s, Henkel places much store on its acceptance in the market place. A DM 500,000donation to help restore a part of the Great Wall had enhanced its image.

亨克尔在多元文化环境下的政策的基石是培训当地员工。

总的来说，他们在某种程度上缺乏教育和经验，以适应市场经济的需要，因此，培训是非常重要的。

上世纪90年代初，作为首批进入中国市场的消费者品牌企业之一，亨克尔在中国市场上的地位非常高。为了帮助重建长城的一部分，DM 50万美元的捐款增加了它的形象。Ultimately, it is the product itself that counts most. Unlike other exporting companies,Henkel produces in the markets where they sell for the local market. Product lines arespecially designed for local consumers, and an important strategy, especially in the detergentand cosmetics sector, has been to develop local brands enhanced by Henkel technology. Thatmeans the company could offer a product of higher quality and better value for money. Whilethe strategy has helped Henkel become the biggest detergent producer in China, hugepotential still exists: the per capital annual use of detergent in developed countries is 7-12kilograms a year, while in China, it is 1-2 kilograms.

最终，最重要的是产品本身。与其他出口公司不同的是，亨克尔在为当地市场销售的市场上生产。产品系列是专为当地消费者设计的，一项重要的战略，特别是在洗涤剂和化妆品行业，一直在开发由汉克尔技术增强的本土品牌。这意味着该公司可以提供更高质量、更有价值的产品。虽然这一策略帮助汉克尔成为中国最大的洗涤剂生产商，但巨大的潜力仍然存在:发达国家每年使用的洗涤剂每年的使用量是7-12公斤，而在中国，这一数字是1-2公斤。

Week 10 International Exhibition

10-1 Introduction

China Import and Export Fair, also called Canton Fair, is held twice a year in spring andautumn since it was inaugurated in the spring of 1957. It is China‘s largest trade fair of thehighest level, of the most complete varieties and of the largest attendance and businessturnover. Preserving its traditions, the Fair is a comprehensive and multi-functional event ofinternational importance.

中国进出口商品交易会，又称广交会，创办于1957年春季，每年春秋两季在广州举办，迄今已有57年历史，是中国目前历史最久、层次最高、规模最大、商品种类最全、到会采购商最多且分布国别地区最广、成交效果最好、信誉最佳的综合性国际贸易盛会。

Forty-eight trading delegations, being composed of thousands of China‘s best foreigntrade corporations with good credibility and sound financial capabilities, take part in the Fair,including foreign trade companies, factories, scientific research institutions, foreign investedenterprises, wholly foreign-owned enterprises, private enterprises, etc.

广交会由48个交易团组成，有数千家资信良好、实力雄厚的外贸公司、生产企业、科研院所、外商投资、独资企业、私营企业参展。

Besides traditional way of negotiating against samples, the Fair holds Canton FairOnline. The Fair leans to export trade, though import business is also done here. Apart fromthe above-mentioned, various types of business activities such as economic and technicalcooperation and exchanges, commodity inspection, insurance, transportation, advertising,consultation, etc. are also carried out in flexible ways. Business people from all over theworld are gathering in Guangzhou, exchanging business information and developingFriendship.

广交会以进出口贸易为主，贸易方式灵活多样，除传统的看样成交外，还举办网上交易会，开展多种形式的经济技术合作与交流，以及商检、保险、运输、广告、咨询等业务活动。来自世界各地的客商云集广州，互通商情，增进友谊。

10-2 Canton Fair广交会宣传片英语字幕配音

The booming Chinese economy produces the rousing success of the Canton Fair. TheCanton Fair is dedicated to the mission of merging the country‘s economy with the rest of theworld. It brings together the best enterprises and high-quality products from all over China,making it the first choice for international buyers. The Canton Fair not only demonstrates theexcellence of products made in China and the strength of China‘s powerful productivity, butalso functions as the vane of China‘s economic development.

蓬勃发展的中国经济在广交会上取得了令人振奋的成功。广交会致力于将中国经济与世界其他国家的经济融合在一起。它汇集了来自全国各地的优秀企业和优质产品，使之成为国际买家的首选。广交会不仅展示了中国产品的卓越性，也展示了中国强大的生产力，同时也是中国经济发展的风向标。

The Canton Fair boasts the longest history and highest level among trade fairs in China.

It is co-hosted by the Ministry of C ommerce of the People‘s Republic of China and thePeople‘s Government of Guangdong Province. And it is a state-level and comprehensiveinternational trade event. The Canton Fair is the largest trade fair in China, it is heldbiannually in spring and autumn every year in Guangzhou, and each session is held in threephases. It accommodates a total of 55,000 stands with an exhibition area of 1.1 millionsquare meters. About 22 thousand enterprises are selected from China‘s hundreds ofthousands of excellent enterpri ses.

在中国的交易会中，广交会是历史上最长的，也是最高的。

它由中华人民共和国商务部和广东省人民政府共同主办。这是一个国家级的、综合性的国际贸易盛会。广交会是中国规模最大的交易会，每年春季和秋季在广州举行，每届广交会都有三个阶段。展览面积为55000平方米，展览面积110万平方米。从中国成千上万的优秀企业中挑选了大约22000家企业。

It has the most complete exhibit varieties. The Fair brings together over 150,000 kindsof famous