2015高考英语考纲词汇表(最新归类-按字母排序)

一、按大词（动词、名词）记忆

look 的常用短语：

look up …in查找

look sb. up and down 上下打量

look back to/ upon回顾

look upon…as把…看作

look forward to期待

look through浏览; 看穿

take a new look呈现新面貌

fear的常用短语：

in fear害怕地

(be) in fear of 害怕

for fear of/ that担心；生怕

concentrate 的常用短语：

concentrate on 专心…

concentrate one’s mind on 专心于…

类似的短语：

fix one’s mind upon

focus on

put one’s heart into

focus one’s mind on

surprise常用短语：

in surprise惊讶地

to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是

be surprise at/to do/that

对某事感到惊讶

表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语

1．表示动作的有：

pull on

put on

dress

dress sb

2. 表示状态的有：

wear

be in

be dressed in

have … on

常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词

like

care for

be attached to

be keen on

be fond of

take delight in…

trouble的常用短语：

have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在…有/没有困难

take great trouble to do

不辞辛劳做某事

put sb to th e trouble of doing …

为难某人做某事

make trouble捣乱

be in (great) trouble

惹麻烦；处在困境中

help sb. out of trouble

帮某人摆脱困境

end的常用短语：

come to an end……结束

put an end to 结束……

on end竖起, 连续

in the end终于; 最后

end up (by) doing…以……结束

make both ends meet收支相抵

表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语：

1. 导致

cause sth. (to do)

result in

lead to

2. 由……引起

be caused by

result from

grow out of

lie in

表“全力以赴”的短语：

do / try one’s best

spare no efforts to do

take great pains to do

go all out to do

do what somebody can (do) to do

do all somebody can (do) to do

direction常用短语：

in (the ) direction of….朝……方向

under the direction of ...在……的指导下

follow the directions照说明去做

far常用短语：

far from (being)离……要求相差很远

far from +(a place)距离某地很远

far away遥远

so far 到目前为止; 那么远

as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知

by far

(最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用

distance常用短语：

in the distance在远处

from/ at a distance从远处

keep sb. at a distance

于某人保持一定距离

It is no distance at all.不远

use常用短语：

used to do过去曾经、常做

be used to doing …习惯于……

be used to do被用来做……

make good/ full use of充分利用……

come into use开始使用……

it is no use doing …干……没有用

“出了什么事”的几种不同表达

What’s wrong with….?

What’s the matter with…?

What’s the trouble with…?

What happened (to sb.) ?

“众所周知”常用表达法：

It is known to all that…主语从句，that不能省

As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首

We all know (that)后接宾语从句

Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句

, which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末

表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：

agree with sb. /what sb. said

agree to sth.

approve (of) sth.

in favour of sth.

be agreeable to sth.

be for sth.

“不同意”

disagree with sb./ what sb. said

object to sth.

disapprove (of) sth.

be against sth.

sign的常用短语：

sign one’s name签名

sign to sb (not) to do sth.

示意某人(不)做某事

signs of …

……的迹象

would rather 与prefer 的区别

1．宁愿做……而不做……

would rather do A than do B

prefer A to B

prefer to do A rather than do B

2. would rather 主语+ 过去式，表示“宁愿”

eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.

should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语+ 过去式，表示“比较喜欢……”

eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.

OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.

trap常用短语

be caught in a trap落入圈套

be led into a trap中圈套

set a trap to do sth.设圈套……

be trapped in sth.被…..所围困

grow常用短语

in the grow of在….成长中

grow up长大; 成长

grow rich on靠….. 变富

grow into长成……

grow out of由…..引起/滋生出

make常用短语

be made up of =consist of 由……组成

make up for弥补

be made from/ of由……造成

make up编造;组成;化妆

be made into制成……

make fun of取笑; 嘲弄

make a living 谋生

supply, provide, offer 的区别：

1．表示“向某人提供某物”

supply / provide sb. with sth.

supply / provide sth. for sb.

supply sth. to sb.

offer sb. sth.

2. 表示“主动提出做某事”

offer to do sth.

3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”

provided / providing that

= on condition that

=only if

4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.

supply的常用短语

in short supply 缺乏，不足

medical/military supply医疗/军用品

supplies of…许多

lack的常用短语

be lacking in sth. 在……不足

make up for the lack of

弥补……的不足

for/by/from/through lack of…

由于…不足,缺乏

have no lack of不缺

damage的常用短语

do damage/harm to 对……有害

cause damage to 对……造成损害

ask for damage要求赔偿

die of 与die from 的区别

die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。

die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold

die from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如：

die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrust

die常用短语

die for one’s country为国捐躯

die down熄灭、平息

die off绝种、枯死

die away消逝、静下来

die a heroic death英勇牺牲

threaten常用短语

threaten sb. with sth.用……威胁某人

threaten to do…威胁做……

under the threat of…在……的威胁下

speed常用短语

speed up加速

at the speed of…以…..的速度

with great speed迅速

aim常用短语

take aim at瞄准

reach an aim达到目的

aim at瞄准、针对

permit与allow 的区别

表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。

permit/allow doing sth.

permit/allow sb. to do sth.

permit /allow of sth

一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”，多用permit Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her.

allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如：

1. We allow him to be wronged.

2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.

means常用短语

by means of通过….., 靠……

by this means/ in this way用这种方法

by no means/in no case决不

by all means用一切办法

keep常用短语

keep up with紧跟…..

keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做

keep sb. from doing sth.阻止…..做……

keep off the grass勿踏草地

keep to the point紧扣主题

keep in touch with与……保持联系

mark常用短语

make one’s mark成功、出名

be marked with标明

gain/get full marks for ……得满分

seat常用短语

take one’s seat坐下

have a seat请坐

see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在….

be seated就座, 坐着

seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在……

部分动词+ to + doing 的用法

look forward to

get down to

object to

devote… to…

pay attention to

prefer…to…

give常用短语

give up放弃

give in让步\屈服

give off 散发出

give away赠送、泄漏

give rise to 引起……

give out 疲劳、用完、散发出

fit常用短语

be fit for适合

keep fit/keep healthy保持健康

be fit to do 适合于…..

fit in with适应……

a nice fit合身的衣服

…fit sb.某人穿….. 合身

reach 常用短语

reach an agreement达成协议

reach for…伸手去拿/够……

within / out of reach够得到/够不着

reach sb’s understanding 使某人明白

一make a choice 做出选择

keep up with 跟上赶上

keep pace with 与……同步

plenty of \a number of 大量

roll up 变成卷形；卷起

dress up 打扮；装饰；盛装

in one’s opinion 按……看法；依……的观点; have faith in = believe in

play a trick on 开……玩笑；欺骗某人

to one’s joy\delight 使某人高兴

take in 摄取；欺骗

call on 访问；号召；邀请

bring back 拿回；使恢复

day and night 日日夜夜

pay off 还清；付清

earn\make money 挣、赚钱

act out 表演；付出行动

a great deal of (修饰不可数)大量；许多

test on 在……上做实验try on

around the corner 即使来临；在拐角处

die down (声音)变弱；平息；消失

come to terms with 甘心忍受

take possession of 占有；占领

make up 组成；构成；占……

turn to 开始干；求助于；转向

go sailing 驾船航行；帆船运动

go camping 宿营

depend on 依赖；依靠

and soon = etc 等等

make fun of 取笑；嘲笑

make use of 利用

date back to\from 回溯；追溯到

be on good terms with 与……关系好

look on… as 把……看作\当作regard…as , consider…as….think of… as…ahead of 在……前；更早in advance

get through 通过；度过；到达

tear down 拆除；推倒pull down

hold up 举起；拿出

make a face 做鬼脸

in order 整齐；按顺序= tidy

divide… into… 把……分成部分

focus…on 以……为中心

prevent…from… 使…...不……,保护……不受危险威胁危害keep….from stop … from protect …from

manage to… 努力做成try to do

词组短语：as though=as if;live trough度过；经受住;

all of a sudden=suddenly突然

knock about漫游;on board上船; calm down 镇静，平静

drawl one’s attention to 吸引注意力

at hand 在手边

advise sb. (not) to do sth. 劝某人（不）做某事

advise doing 建议做某事

wipe out 消灭，擦干净

take part in 参加

in harmony with 与……协调

the UN-Untied Nation 联合国

in case of 假使，以防

in the case of 在……情况下

a list of 清单

keep in mind 记住

free from 不受……影响

pay attention to 注意

contribute to 为……作贡献

=make contribution to

in general 一般地，大体地

light up 照亮；使……放光彩

play with 玩耍；游戏

call up 召唤；使想起

fill up with 用……装

fall in love with 爱上……

relate…to 与……有关

go up 上升，增长

cheer up 使振奋；使高兴起来

put…together 把……结合成整体；装配短语：

set foot in 涉足；到达

have an effect on 对……影响……

rely on= depend on

come to life 苏醒；复活；

put forward 提出

aim at 旨在；瞄准

set out 出发；上路

make a living 谋生

apply to 申请

in public 公开

cut up 切碎

benefit from 得益于；受益于；

all the way 一路上；一直

take advantage of 对……加以利用

give off 释放

a variety of 各种各样的

put in prison 把……投入监狱

set an example to/for给……树立榜样from then on 从那时起

start with 以…… 开始

regardless of 不管；不顾

at first sight 乍一看

look into 调查

every now and then 不时地

get/be tired of 对…..厌倦

cool off冷却；变凉

take a chance冒险；碰运气

in vain 白费

insist on 坚持

put out 出版；产生；扑灭

in turn 依次；轮流

get round=get about 活动；四处走动

get used to 习惯于

allow for 顾及；为……做准备

get stuck 困住

break away from 摆脱；脱离

be aware of 知道意识到

after all 毕竟

pay back 偿还

keep track of 保持联系

have mercy on 怜悯

as far as I know就…..而言=in terms of

at the mercy of 由……摆布/控制

lend a hand 帮助

宾语从句中用虚拟语气(should )加动词原形：

一坚持；insist；

二命令；order;command;

三建议；advise;suggest;propose；

四要求；demand;require;request;claim;

五渴望;desire;；

六催促、敦促；urge;

feed常用短语

feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用……喂养……

be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with…

对……感到厌倦

feed on以……为食

mercy常用短语

without mercy残忍地

have mercy on /upon 对……表示怜悯

at the mercy of任凭摆布

beg for mercy 乞求饶恕

exist常用短语

exist in/lie in/consist in存在于……

in existence 现存的

come into existence/ come into being 形成

opinion常用短语

in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来

have a high/ low opinion of

对……评价高/低

give one’s opinion on

对……谈自己的看法

persuade常用短语

persuade sb. to do =

persuade sb. into doing

try to persuade sb. to do

试图说服某人做某事

persuade sb. to sth.

说服某人同意某事

engage 常用短语

be engaged to sb.

与某人订婚

be engaged in sth. =

be engaged doing sth.

忙于……, 从事某事

wide 与broad 的区别

它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”

a river 50 feet wide/ broad

指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad, 表示

“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。

broad shoulders/ back

with wide eyes

open one’s mouth wide

wide 还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地”

be wide awake

be wide open

sure常用短语

be sure of/about

对……由把握

be sure to do sth.

肯定会……

make sure + that-clause

务必……,一定要……

make sure of…

弄清楚……

experience 常用短语

have experience in…

在……有经验

be experienced in…

在……有经验

pain 常用短语

take great pains to do

努力做某事

spare no pains to do

stick 常用短语

stick to sth.

坚持……

stick …on…

粘贴……

be stuck in …

陷进……

stick no bills

请勿张贴

spare 常用短语

spare money/time for

省出钱…，腾出时间

in one’s spare time

在某人业余时间

spare no efforts to do

不遗余力去做

don’t spare the opinions

不要保留意见

put down的不同含义

put down (one’s knife and fork) 放下……

pit down the rebellion

镇压

put down what sb. says

记下，写下

take up 的不同含义

take up a hobby

培养……

take up football

开始……

take up the work

继续……

take up…time/space

消耗,占据……

take up a post

就职

take up a song/ cry

跟着一起……

habit 常用短语

form/get the habit of

养成……习惯

be in/have the habit of

有…….习惯

get into the habit of

沾染了……恶习

get rid of the habit=

grow out of the habit=

break away from the habit

改掉了……习惯

二、按小词（介词、副词）记忆

l．动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论think about 思考

care about 关心，对……有兴趣bring about 引起，使发生

set about 着手，开始come about 发生

h ear about 听说worry about 为……担心

2．动词+away

throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散

die away 逐渐消失,减弱pass away 去世

wash away 冲走take away 拿走，使消失

p ut away 收拾起来，存起来give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送wear away 磨掉，消耗break away 摆脱

send away 让走开turn away 把……打发走3．动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住look back(on) 回顾

hold back 控制住give back 归还

call back 回电话take back 拿回，收回

4．动词+for

run for 竞选ask for 要求得到

wait for 等候stand for 代表，表示

long for 渴望hope/wish for 希望得到

care for 关心，喜欢beg for 乞求

search for 查找look for 寻找

call for 需要，要求hunt for 寻找

change…for 用……换charge…for 收费，要价

apply for 申请take…for 误以为……是

seek for 寻找come for 来拿，来取

5．动词+down

burn down 烧毁break down 坏了，垮了，分解take down 记下，记录turn down 调小，拒绝

cut down 削减，砍倒slow down 慢下来

pass down 传下来put down 记下，写下，镇压calm down 平静下来bring down 使……降低，使倒下settle down 安家come down 下落，传下

tear down 拆毁，拆除

6．动词+at

come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

run at 冲向，向……攻击work at 干……活动(研究)

tear at 用力撕look at 看，注视

stare at 凝视glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向

smile at 冲(某人)笑strike at 向……打击

aim at 向……瞄准shoot at 向……射击

wonder at 惊讶call at 拜访(地点)

7．动词+from

differ from 与……不同suffer from 受……苦

h ear from 收到……来信die from 因……而死

keep／stop／prevent…from不让……做learn from 向……学习

result from 由于date from 始于……时期

separate…from 把……分离开

8．动词+of

think of 想到dream of 梦到

consist of 由……组成speak of 谈到

approve of 赞成die of 死于

talk of 谈到hear of 听说

complain of 抱怨become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

9．动词+off

start off 出发set off 出发

leave off 中断show off 炫耀

get off 下车take off 脱下，起飞

see off 送行ring off 挂断电话

put off 延期，推迟come off 脱落，褪色

cut off 切断，断绝fall off 跌落，掉下

keep off 避开，勿走近go off 走开；消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜欢knock…off 把……撞落break off 打断

pay off 还清carry off 携走带走，赢得

get off 脱下(衣服等) give off 散发出

turn(switch) off 关掉

10．动词+on

depend on 依靠rely on 依靠

insist on 坚持carry on 继续，进行

keep／go on 继续spend…on 在……花钱

put on 穿上，戴上，上演call on 拜访

move on 继续移动，往前走live on 以……为生

feed on 以……为生bring on 使……发展

take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等) try on 试穿

have on 穿着pass on 传授，传递

look on 旁观turn(switch) on 打开

11．动词+out

break out 爆发point out 指出

pick out 选出figure out 算出，理解

burst out 进发bring out 阐明，使表现出carry out 执行，进行help out 救助

hold out 坚持下去set out 出发，着手，摆放wear out 穿破，使……疲劳turn out 结果是，生产，培养make out 理解，看清楚come out 出版，出来

cross out 划掉leave out 省略，删掉

keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住work out 算出，想出办法等find out 查出，弄明白give out 散发，分发，用完try out 试用，试验look out 当心，提防

put out 扑灭speak out 大胆讲出

hand out 散发send out 发出，派遣

run out 用完go out 熄灭

let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租die out 灭绝

12．动词十in

give in 让步hand in 上交

bring in 引进，使得到收入drop in 拜访

result in 导致succeed in 在……获成功

join in 参加take in 接纳，吸收，改小

get in 收获，进入break in 强制进入，插话fill in 填写call in 召集，来访

cut in 插入persist in 坚持

look in 来访，参观

13．动词十into

look into 研究，调查turn into 变成

burst into 闯入，进发divide…into 把……分成change…into 把……变成put／translate…into 把……译成run into碰到send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态14．动词+over

turn over 翻倒，细想think over 仔细考虑go over 审阅，检查，研究look over 翻阅，检查get over 克服run over 压死，看一遍take over 接管，接替watch over 看守，照看fall over 跌倒，摔倒roll over 翻滚

15．动词十to

belong to 属于object to 反对

refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅point to 指向

turn to 向……求助，查阅stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于see to 处理，料理come to 共计，苏醒reply to 答复get to 到达

bring to 使苏醒把……比作compare…to 与…相比;把…比作agree to 同意write to 写信给supply…to 为……提供lead to 导致，通向

add to 增添attend to 处理,专心，照料devote…to 贡献给

16．动词+up

grow up 成长，长大give up 放弃，献出

build up 建立set up 架起、建立

put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起

do up 整理，包装，打扮

go up 增长，上涨get up 起床，站起

pick up 拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到

bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出出现turn up 开大(音量等)，出席stay up 挺住，熬夜take up 开始学，从事，占据sit up 熬夜eat up 吃完

use up 用完tear up 撕碎

lay up 储存make up构成，组成编造弥补cut up 切碎join up 联结起来，参军end up 总结come up 上来，长出，出现speed up 加快速度throw up 呕吐

clear up 整理，收拾，放晴look up 查找，找出

bum up 烧毁catch up 赶上

hurry up 赶快fix up 修理，安排，装置keep up 保持hold up 耽搁，使停顿

send up 发射ring up 打电话

open up 开创，开辟divide up 分配

break up 分解

17．动词十through

get through 通过，干完，接通电话 look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看go through 审阅，检查，学习put…through 接通电话see through 识破check through 核对

pull through 渡过危机，康复

18．动词+with

deal with 处理，对付do with 处理，需要

meet with 遇到，遭受talk with 同……交谈

agree with 同意，与……一致compare with 与……相比combine with 与……相联合equip…with 以……装备

cover…with 用……覆盖begin with 以……开始

end up with 以……结束supply…with 以……供给provide…with 以……供给play with 玩，玩弄

19．三词以上的短语动词

add up to 总计break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开，别靠近do away with 废除

look down on 轻视look up to 仰望，尊敬

put up with 忍受catch up with 赶上

keep up with 赶上run out of 用完

make up for 弥补go on with 继续

get on(along) with 和……相处look forward to 盼望

get close to 接近take hold of 握住

get out of 逃避，避免get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧pay attention to 注意

take notice of 注意set an example to 为……榜样

do well in 在……干得好pay a visit to 访问

take a photo of 拍……照片take the place of 取代

三、易混短语强化记忆

1.in turn一个接一个地

in return 作为回报I tried to do a good deed, but this is what I got in return,

by turns=one after the other

take turn to do sth.轮流做某事

turn secretary=become a secretary

turn to sb ( for help ) turn up=appear

turn out=prove to be / produce

turn down 拒绝=refuse；音量调低；向下翻；

2. If she spent five years in Paris, how come she can't speak a word of French?