2017英语专业考研方向解读

2017英语专业考研方向解读
2017英语专业考研方向解读

2017英语专业考研方向解读

英语语言文学方向归纳为:语言学、文学、翻译学、英美文化研究、英语教学五大方向,下面文都小编为大家解读一下这五个方面,2017考生参考定位。

方向一:语言学

语言学规律并没有想象中深奥,这里所说的语言学一般指英语语言学,当然英语专业学生考汉语语言学、日语语言学、德语语言学等也是可行的,这就得看考生的第二外语水平。绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的院校都开设有英语语言学方向,从其分支来看,包括语用学研究、英语语法研究、句法学、语义学、语音学、音系学、形态学、修辞学等;语言学的研究同社会学、心理学等人文学科的结合并形成了社会语言学、心理语言学、人类学语言学、数理语言学;把语言学的理论引进到语言教学中又形成了对比语言学、认知语言学、语料库语言学、应用语言学等。此外还包括对语言和文化两者相互关系的研究。

虽然语言学属于基本理论的研究,读书、做研究、写论文是最正统的出路,但是这并不适合每一个人,适当地调适、转向才能更好地发展自己。比如英语语法研究可以向比较高层次的笔译转向,修辞学研究可以向文学研究甚至文学作品翻译转向,如果想向教师方向发展,考生平时应加强英语教学法知识的掌握和教学技能的训练。

方向二:文学

文学方向实际上包含很多小方向,最主要的是英美文学,此外还有比较文学与世界文学、文学翻译等。全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校一般都开设英美文学专业。比较文学、世界文学致力于不同文化之间的理解、认识、比较,很多院校把这一专业开设在文学院而非外语学院。英美文学专业包含很多理论问题,如作者生平、思想内容、写作手法、文学流派、文学史发展的轨迹以及艺术特色等,进一步还有各个历史阶段的文学现象、本质和特征以及文学语言的基本概况、文艺批评思潮等,主要内容有英美文学史、英美小说、文艺理论等。学习文学没有捷径,文学方向的研究生在学习文学相关理论(如美学、文艺学、文学史等)之余就是大量阅读经典的文学作品,这种阅读同一般人的课外阅读差别很大,有时甚至会很艰苦。文学方向就业在英语各方向里面情况中等,所以学习文学一定要真正具有浓厚的兴趣和文学领悟能力。

方向三:翻译学

近年来,翻译学也发生了分化,不仅有“翻译学”方向,还有细化的口译、笔译、文学翻译、同声传译等很多方向。中国八大外语院校(北京外国语大学、上海外国语大学、西安外国语学院、广东外语外贸大学、大连外国语学院、天津外国语学院、四川外语学院(重庆)、北京第二外国语学院)开设有专门的翻译方向,其他的院校翻译属于小类别,包含在语言文学里面,一般选择对应的导师才会进入翻译方向。翻译方向是报考人数比较多的方向之一,从北京环球时代学校学员统计来看,30%的人准备报考翻译专业。

翻译学对英语专业学生的功底要求比较高,在研究生学习过程会有高强度的听说读写译等基本技能训练。不同的学校差别很大,一些办学实力偏弱的学校主要强调翻译史与翻译理论,但是一些重点学校特别是外语院校比较强调应用人才的培养,特别强调实践能力。笔译、口译和同声传译的学习难度也各不相同,难度依次为:笔译——口译——同声传译。

翻译方向硕士生有三条发展道路,一是提高个人专业能力,包括反应能力、变通能力、口语表达能力,向高级翻译人才发展,主要是成为一些大型活动、会议的翻译人才;一是听说读写并重,扩大知识面,有选择地学习教育、外事、外贸、科技翻译、新闻出版、广播影视、涉外企业、管理等方面的知识,向专门型应用型人才发展;一是个性化发展,不断提高自己的中文表达能力和英语运用能力后,再精通某个特长领域,如文学、电影、时尚等,成为有一定底蕴的笔译人才或从事教学科研工作。

方向四:英美文化研究

英美文化研究主要研究英国、美国的传统及现代文化,涉及文学、历史、哲学、美学、艺术、宗教、社会学等领域。不同学校的名称和研究重点不尽相同,有的院校方向名称为英语国家文化研究,这就不仅限于英美两个国家。国内英语界对英美文化的研究主要集中在以下两个方面:探讨英美文化对于英语语言学习的关系;将体现在语言中的英美文化现象与中国文化现象进行对比与比较。换言之,英美文化研究主要是通过研究文化来理解语言和交际。有些学校从导师的研

究兴趣和学生的就业角度考虑,研究比较国家发展、民族文化之类的内容,这个需要考生仔细打听。

方向五:新兴方向和特殊方向

近几来,一些学校根据科研力量的状况和学科发展的需要,开设了一些新的专业。如南京大学的双语词典研究,研究词典学本身的理论,语言学及相关学科的先进成果在词典学中的应用研究等,从某种角度看这从属于语言学;上海交通大学、广东外语外贸大学等院校的计算语言学,主要是语言与计算机技术、信息技术相结合的方向;上海外国语大学、西安外国语学院、北京第二外国语大学、南开大学等学校的跨文化交际,主要是研究中外文化模式和行为模式的差异,培养具有跨文化交际意识和能力的人才。

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differentiate between在两者间区分,用between 14.选C,introduced 从后文tester would ask知道tester是人,实验人员,所以选“介绍” 15.选D,inside 同意替换上文look into the container 16.选A,discovered 同意替换found 17.选C,fooled 语义上来看,既然作出惊喜表情,盒子里面却空无一物,显然是“欺骗,wrong错怪,mock取笑,betray背叛都不合文义。此外下一段t出现了trick,是fool的同意替换18.选B,willing 没有被欺骗,所以“愿意”合作;willing与hesitant是唯一一组正反选项 19选A,in contrast, 作者要证明连小孩子都会用第六感来保护自己,所以最后的这个例子一定是第二组被欺骗的小孩子们的反应,语意上看,应该选in contrast,对比逻辑 20.选C,unreliable 由于欺骗了他们,所以实验人员是”不可信的”,此外unreliable与原文焦点相关。 阅读 21.选D,middle-class workers 简单细节定位题,并无同义替换。第二段But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice,software engineering—have aroused their interest,or soon will. 再次印证了but的重要性。 22.选C,Issues arising from automation need to be tackled 主旨题,文章以发现问题-解决问题的逻辑撰写,主旨在于应对人工智能带来的负面影响,让受影响的人做好充分准备。A,B,D中的groundless,little support和avoid都涉及极端表述,无依据。 23.选A,creative potential 简单定位题,第四段…focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication

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