高级英语第二册词汇及短语
hurricane (n.): a violent tropical cyclone with winds moving at 73 or more miles per hour，often accompanied by torrential rains，and originating usually i n the West Indian region飓风
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lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打
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pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)
连续地打---------------------------------------------------------------------
course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行为；品行；做法
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demolish (v.): pull down．tear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc．)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毁；破坏；毁灭
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motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆
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gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse
粗暴的，粗鲁的；粗哑的。嘶哑的
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batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)
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methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地；有条理地
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main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, e lectricity, etc(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管
bathtub:a tub,now usually a bathroom fixture，in which to take a bath浴盆浴缸generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical ener
gy；dynamo 发电机，发动机scud (v.): run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily疾行，飞驰；掠过
mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hai r，foam rubber，etc．床垫；褥子pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass 窗格；窗格玻璃---------------------------------------------------------------------
disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments;break up,disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎块
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blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流)；一阵(风)
douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over
把…浸入液体里；使浸透；泼液体在…上---------------------------------------------------------------------
brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function。。“unit in some work
(组织起来执行某种任务的)队
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scramble (v.): climb，crawl，or clamber hurriedly爬行；攀(登)
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litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog,cat or other animal which n ormally bears several young at a delivery(狗、猫等多产动物)一胎生下的小动物---------------------------------------------------------------------
shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently，as in horror or extre me disgust 震颤，战栗
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ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty；ferociousness凶猛；凶恶，残忍；暴行---------------------------------------------------------------------
swipe (n.):a hard，sweeping blow[口] 猛击，重击
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maroon (av.): leave abandoned，isolated，or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境---------------------------------------------------------------------
devastate (nv.): destroy；lay waste；make desolate毁坏,摧毁；使荒芜
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swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other m owing device 刈幅(挥动镰刀所及的面积) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
huddle (v.): crowd，push，or nestle close together。as cows do in a storm(如
风暴中的牛群)挤成一团；拥挤；互相紧贴---------------------------------------------------------------------
slashing (a.): severe；merciless；violent严厉的；猛烈的
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implore (v.): ask or beg earnestly; beseech恳求，哀求，乞
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bar (v.): a vertical line across a staff，dividing it into measures；a measure
小节线(五线谱上的纵线把五线谱分成小节); 小节---------------------------------------------------------------------
trail (v.):grow gradually weaker，dimmer，less direct，渐弱；渐小；渐暗---------------------------------------------------------------------
debri (复：debris )(n.): a rough，broken bit and piece of a stone，wood，gl ass，etc．，as after destruction：rubble碎片，瓦砾
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sanctuary (n.): a place of refuge or protection：asylum 避难所，庇护所
cedar (n.): any of a genus of widespreading coniferous trees of the pine fa mily，having clusters of needlelike leaves，cones, and durable wood with a cha racteristic fragrance 雪松(属) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
extinguish (v.): put out(a fire；quench；smother熄灭(火等)，灭(火)；扑灭Waver v. swing or sway to and fro；flutter摇摆；摇晃；摇曳
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topple (v.): fall top forward；lean forward as if on the point of falling
向前倒；摇摇欲坠---------------------------------------------------------------------
lean—to (n.): a roof with a single slope，its upper edge abutting a wall or building；a shed with a one—slope roof单坡屋顶；单坡屋顶的棚---------------------------------------------------------------------
prop (v.): hold up，support or hold in place with or as with a prop
支撑；维持；支持---------------------------------------------------------------------
tilt (v.): aslope；incline；slant；tip 倾斜；倾侧；翘起
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cower (v.): crouch or huddle up，as from fear or cold
(因害怕或寒冷而)蜷缩；退缩---------------------------------------------------------------------
slant (v.):incline or turn from a direct line or course, esp, one that is perpe ndicular or level；slope (使)倾斜；(使)变歪---------------------------------------------------------------------
hinge (v.): equip with or attach by a hinge靠铰链转动(或附着)
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diminish (v.): reduce in size. degree，importance, lessen使变小；减少，缩减---------------------------------------------------------------------
thrust (n.): a sudden，forceful push or shove猛推
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strew (v.): spread about here and there by or as by sprinkling：scatter．be s cattered or dispersed over(a surface)撒(布)；散播；被撒满(表面) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
festoon (v.): adorn or hang with flowers, leave, paper, 饰以(悬挂)花彩,结彩于---------------------------------------------------------------------
coil (v.): wind around and around成卷状；盘绕?卷
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salvation (n.): a saving 0r being saved from danger, evil，difficulty，destruct ion。etc．；rescue 救助?拯救；援救
canteen (n.):a place where cooked food is dispensed to people in distress，a s in a disaster area (在灾区给灾民分配熟食的)赈灾处---------------------------------------------------------------------
staffer (n.): a member of a staff 职员
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rake (v.): scrape or sweep,move forward swiftly掠过,急速穿过；迅速向前移动---------------------------------------------------------------------
rampage (v.): rush violently or wildly about横冲直撞
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pitch (v.): [colloq] set to work energetically[口]拼命干起来，开始大干特干---------------------------------------------------------------------
wreckage (n.): the remains of something that has been wrecked残骸；漂浮物---------------------------------------------------------------------
salvage (v.): save or rescue from shipwreck, fire，flood,雷救?抢救；打捞---------------------------------------------------------------------
wrath (n.): intense anger；rage；fury愤怒；暴怒；勃然大怒
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the blues: [colloq]a depressed．unhappy feeling[口]沮丧；忧郁
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afflict (v.):cause pain or suffering to,distress very much 使痛苦，使苦恼．折磨---------------------------------------------------------------------
weld (v.): unite(pieces of metal，etc．)by heating until molten and fused or until soft enough to hammer or press together 焊接；熔接---------------------------------------------------------------------
reflect (v.): think seriously；contemplate认真思考；沉思
短语：
reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径
例：Let’s reason this out instead of quarrelling．让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案
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a good: at least，full至少，最少
例：They waited a good eight hours他们等了至少8个小时。
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sit out: stay until the end of坐到结束
例：We forced ourselves to sit the play out．我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。
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come by: to make a short visit to a place on one’s way顺便拜访例：I’ll come by the house and get my stuffl ater，OK?我会顺便过来取材料，好吗?
by the minute: every minute，minute by minute一分钟一分钟地例：I’m fe eling better by the minute．我每分钟都感觉好多了。
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on the verge of: on the edge of，on the brink of接近于，濒临于例：Scientists are on the verge of a major breakthrou曲．科学家们即将取得一项重大突破。
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break apart: break up into piecesdisintegrate裂开，分裂解散
例：The grounds broke apart in earthquake．地面在地震时裂开了。
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break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces分裂例：The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖，冰层就会破裂。
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come through: to continue to live，exist，be strong，or succeed after a diffi cuh or dangerous time经历过……仍活着，经历，脱险
例：John was so iu but he was lucky to come through．约翰病得很厉害，依然活着算是很幸运的了。
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pitch in: to set to work energetically拼命于起来，开始大干特干例：If we pitch in，we will have it finished in no time．我们如果拼命干活，就会马上做完
4词汇：
inaugural (adj.) : of an inauguration就职(典礼)的
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signify (v.) : be a sign or indication of；mean表明；意味
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almighty (adj.) : having unlimited power；all—powerful有无限权力的；全能的
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forebear (n.) : an ancester 祖先，祖宗
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prescribe (v.) : set down as a rule or direction；order；ordain；direct命令；指示；规定，订立----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
generosity (n.) : the quality of being generous慷慨；宽宏大量
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heir (n.) : person who appears to get some trait from a predecessor or seems to carry on in his tradition继承者；后嗣
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foe (n.) : enemy；opponent敌人
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undoing (n.) : the act of bringing to ruin，disgrace，or destruction毁灭；破坏
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at odds : in disagreement；quarreling意见不一致；有争执
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asunder (adv.) : into parts or pieces分成碎片；分散
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prey (n.) : a person or thing that falls victim to someone or something牺牲品；掠夺品
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subversion (n.) : a subverting or being subverted．ruin 颠覆(活动)；破坏
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sovereign (adj.) : independent of all others独立自主的
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outpace (v.) : surpass；exceed在速度上超过；胜过
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invective (n.) : a violent verbal attack．strong criticism，insults, curses, vituperation辱骂谩骂
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shield (n.) : any person or thing that guards，protects,or defends; protection保护人,防护物；保护----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
writ (n.) : a formal legal document ordering or prohibiting some action命令；律令；文书；传票----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
adversary (n.) : a person who opposes or fights against another; opponent；enemy对手，反对者；----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
anew (adv.) : again重新，再
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unleash (v.) : release from or as from a leash(解开皮带以)释放
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engulf (v.) : swallow up；overwhelm 吞没，淹没，压倒
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civility (n.) : politeness．esp. in a merely formal way 礼貌，客气
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belabor (v.) : talk about at unnecessary length唠唠叨叨地反复讲
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formulate (v.) : put together and express (a theory．plan ,etc.)a systematic way
系统地阐述(或提出)(理论、计划等)
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tap (v.) : draw upon；make use of开发、发掘
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heed (v.) : pay close attention to；take careful notice of注意, 留神，留心
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beachhead (n.) : a position established by invading troops on an enemy shore；a position gained as a secare starting point for any action；foothold滩头堡，登陆场；立足点
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endeavor (n.) : an earnest attempt or effort努力，尽力
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testimony (n.) : any form of evidence，indication. etc.；proof证明，证据
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embattle (v.) : [常用于被动语态]prepare，array，or set in line for battle使准备战斗,使严阵以待----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
tribulation (n.) : great misery or distress, as from oppression；deep sorrow苦难；困苦；忧伤
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forge (v.) : move forward steadily，as if against difficulties; form；produce(似乎迎着困难)稳步
前进；形成；结成
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alliance (n.) : a close association for a common objective as of nations，political parties，etc．联盟，联合，同盟
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短语：
at issue : in dispute；to be decided；at variance；in disagreement意见不一致例：What is at issue is the extent to which exam results reflect a student’s ability.意见的分歧之处在于考试对于学生能力的影响程度。
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at odds : in disagreement；quarrelling；antagonistic意见不一致，有争执
例：IHe was at odds with his colleagues．他与同事意见不合。
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east off : to discard；abandon；disown丢弃，摆脱
例：A haven of tranquility where you can cast off the strains and stress of life．一个可以摆脱生活重负的宁静港湾
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beyond doubt : certainly毫无疑问
例：She was beyond doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school．毫无疑问，她在学校里游泳游得最棒。
5词汇
fallacy (n.) : a false or mistaken idea，opinion，etc.；error谬论，谬见；错误
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enterprising (adj.) :full of energy and initiative；willing to undertake new projects有进取心的；
充满首创精神的；有胆量的
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unfetter (v.) : free from fetters；free from restraint of any kind；liberate除掉…的脚镣；解放；
使获得自由
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limp (adj.) :1acking or having lost stiffness；flaccid；drooping，wilted柔软的
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flaccid (adj.) : hanging in loose folds or wrinkles,soft and limp；flabby不结实的,松驰的,松软的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
spongy (adj.) :of or like a sponge；soft and porous海绵(状)的；柔软有弹性的
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pedantic (adj.) : of or like a pedant 迂腐的，书呆子气的
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trauma (n.) :a painful emotional experience，or shock．often producing a lasting psychic effect and sometimes a neurosis (精神)心灵创伤
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calculating (adj.) : shrewd or cunning. esp. in a selfish way；scheming精明的；(尤指)专为自己打算的；有算计的
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perspicacious (adj.) :having keen judgement or understanding；acutely perceptive聪颖的；敏锐的
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astute (adj.) : having or showing a clever or shrewd mind：cunning；crafty；wily
聪明的，敏锐的；精明的；狡猾的
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dynamo (n.) :generator发动机
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scale (n.) : either of the shallow dishes or pans of a balance秤盘；天平盘
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penetrating (adj.) :sharp；piercing锐利的
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scalpel (n.) : a small，light，straight knife with a very sharp blade，used by surgeons and m anatomical dissections解剖刀，手术刀
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faddist (n.) :a person who follows fads赶时髦的人
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fad (n.) : a custom，style，etc．that many people are interested in for a short time；passing fashion；craze 一度时髦的风尚，风行一时的东西；一时的狂热
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craze (n.) :something that is currently the fashion；fad一时的风尚；风行一时的东西；时髦
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acme (n.) : the highest point；point of culmination顶点，极点
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appendicitis (n.) :inflammation of the vermiform appendix阑尾炎
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laxative (n.) : any laxative medicine；mild cathartic轻泻药；通便剂
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raccoon (n.) :a small，tree—climbing, chiefly flesh—eating mammal浣熊
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mumble (v.) : speak or say indistinctly and in a low voice；mutter喃喃地说；含糊地说
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temple (n.) :either of the flat surfaces alongside the forehead，in front of each ear太阳穴，鬓角----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
incredulous (adj.) : unwilling or unable to believe; doubting；skeptical不相信的；怀疑的
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unsanitary (adj.) :not clean；harmful to health不卫生的；对健康有害的
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shed (v.) : shed a natural growth or covering，as hair(毛发等)脱落
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unsightly (adj.) :not sightly；not pleasant to look at；ugly不美观的；难看的；丑陋的
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swim (n.) : current fashion潮流，时髦／砌the swim conforming to the current fashion赶时髦----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
gear (n.) :a specific adjustment 0f a toothed wheel(汽车等的)排挡
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narrowly (adv.) : closely；carefully；thoroughly仔细地；严密地
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attic (n.) :the room or space just below the roof of a house；garret顶楼，阁楼
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covet (v.) : want ardently；long for with envy垂涎；觊觎
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cerebral (adj.) :appealing to the intellect rather than the emotions,intellectural理智的,凭理智行事----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pin—up (adj.[colloq．]) : designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her a subject for the kind of pictures often pinned up on walls[口](女子)其照片可供倾慕者钉在墙上的
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proportions (n.) :1ines；shape of the body线条；身材
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making (n．[often in p1．]) : the material or qualities needed for the making or development of something[常用复]素质；内在因素
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carriage (n.) :conduct；behaviour；posture行为；举止；姿态
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bearing (n.) : way of carrying and conducting oneself：carriage；manner举止，风度，姿态
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breeding (n.) :good upbringing or training良好的教养(或培养)
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exquisite (adj.) : very beautiful or lovely,in a delicate or carefully wrought way优美的,高雅的，
精致的
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specialty (n.) :an article characterized by special features,superior quality，novelty特产；特制品----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
gravy (adj.) : the juice given off by meat in cooking肉汁，调味汁
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dipper (n.) :a long—handled cup or similar container for dipping长柄杯或类似容器
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sauerkraut (n.) :chopped cabbage fermented in a brine of its own juice with salt泡菜
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veer (v.) :change direction：shift；turn or swing around改变方向；转向；变向
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gamy (adj.) :having a strong，tangy flavor like that of cooked game；strong in smell有猎物气味
的；气味强烈的
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Holy Toledo adj.[colloq.]) :excellent[口]好极了
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reverent (adj.) :feeling。showing，or characterized by reverence恭敬的；虔诚的
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greasy (adj.) :smeared with or containing grease涂(或含)有油脂的；油污的
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pelt (n.) :the skin of a fur—bearing animal, after it has been stripped from the carcass毛皮；生皮----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
canny (adj.) :careful and shrewd in one’s actions and dealings；clever and cautious谨慎的,机警的；精明的
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waif (n.) :a person without home or friends，a homeless child流浪汉；无家可归者；流浪儿
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swivel (v.) :turn on旋转
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wax (v.) :grow gradually larger；increase in strength，lntensity，volume．ere．渐渐变大；增加----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wane (v.) :become．1ess intense，strong，bright，etc．变弱；减少
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kick (n.[colloq.]) :pleasure高兴，兴奋
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loom (v.) :appear，or come in sight indistinctly隐约出现
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dimension (n.) :extent，size，or degree}scope体积，容积，面积；范围，规模；方面
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tryst (n.) :an appointment to meet at a specified time and place，esp。one made secretly by lovers
约会；幽会
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wince (v.) :shrink or draw back slightly，usually with a grimace．as in pain，embarassment, etc．
(因疼痛、窘迫等)畏缩；退缩
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tug (v.) :pull hard；drag；haul用力拉，拖，拖曳
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desist (v.) :cease；stop；abstain停止
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contrite (adj.) :feeling deep sorrow or remorse for having sinned or done wrong；peniten
t懊悔的；忏悔的
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premise (n.) :a previous statement or assertion that serves as the basis for an argument
(尤指逻辑)前提
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chirp (v.) :speak in a lively，shrill way嘁嘁喳喳地说
deposit (v.) :put，lay or set down放下，搁下
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glum (adj.) :feeling or looking gloomy，sullen忧郁的，闷闷不乐的
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ember (n.[usu．in p1.]) :the smoldering remains of a fire[常用复]余烬,余火
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smolder (v.) :burn and smoke without flame；be consumed by slow combustion闷烧；熏烧
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fraught (adj.) :filled，charged，or loaded充满…的；蕴含…的
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blubber (v.) :weep loudly, like a child(小孩般)大声哭
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analogy (n.) :an explaining of something by comparing it point by point with something similar
类比
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brief (n.) :a concise statement of the main points of a law case，usually filed by counsel for the information of the court 诉讼摘要；辩护状
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blueprint (n.) :a photographic reproduction in white on a blue background，as of architectural or engineering plans (建筑或工程设计用的)蓝图
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hypothesis (n.) :an unproved theory，proposition，supposition，etc．tentatively accepted to explain certain facts or to provide a basis for further investigation，argument，etc．假设；前提
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yummy (adj.) :[echoic of a sound made in expressing pleasure at a taste][colloq．]very tasty；delectable；delicious[表示享受美味的象声词][口]美味的，可口的
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chunk (n.) :a short，thick piece，as of meat，wood，etc．一厚块(肉、木头等)
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pitchblende (n.) :a brown to black lustrous mineral，the massive variety of uraninite沥青铀矿
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fracture (v.[Am．slang]) :cause to react with enthusiasm[美俚]使着迷
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gurgle (v.) :make a bubbling sound in the throat，as a contented baby does(婴儿高兴时)发咯咯声----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
notorious (adj.) :widely but unfavorably known or talked about声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的
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indignation (n.) :anger or scorn resulting from injustice, ingratitude, or meanness; righteous anger
愤慨，义愤
exultant (v.) :exulting；triumphant；jubilant狂欢的；欣喜的；兴高采烈的
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hamstring (v.) :disable by cutting a hamstring；lessen or destroy the power or effectiveness o
割断…的腿腱以使残废；削弱(或破坏)…的力量(或功能)
cretin (n.) :a person suffering from cretinism；a stupid person愚侏病者；白痴，傻瓜
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let—up (v.) :a slackening or lessening。as of effort；a stop or pause放松(努力)；中止，休止
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chink (n.) :a narrow opening；crack；fissure；slit缝隙；裂口
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grueling (adj.) :extremely tiring；exhausting折磨人的；使人筋疲力竭的
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well—heeled (adj.) :[slang]rich；prosperous[俚]有钱的，富有的
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fashion (v.) :shape；mold塑造；做成
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constellation (n.) :the part of the heavens occupied by a number of fixed stars星座；星宿
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languish (v.) :lose vigor and vitality；become weak变得萎靡不振；倦怠
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hollow—eyed (adj.) :having deep—set eyes or dark areas under the eyes，as from sickness or fatigue(由于生病或疲倦)眼窝凹陷的，有黑眼圈的
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hulk (n.) :an abandoned wreck or shell废船
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surge (v.) :have a heavy，violent swelling motion；move in or as in a surge汹涌澎湃
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perspiration (n.) :sweat汗
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wag (v.) :cause something to move rapidly and repeatedly back and forth，from side to side，or up and down摇摆。摇动
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bellow (v.) :cry out loudly, as in anger or pare。(由于愤怒或疼痛)大声叫
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reel (v.) :give way or fall back；sway，waver, or stagger as from being struck
倒退，退缩；站立不稳
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infamy (n.) : very bad reputation; notoriety; disgrace; dishonor臭名昭著；丢脸，耻辱；不名誉----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
turf (n.) :a surface layer of earth containing grass plants with their matted roots；sod草皮；草地----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
modulate (v.) :vary the pitch, intensity, etc.(of the voice), to a lower degree
使（声音）转调，是声音变低
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knot-head (n.[slang]) :a foolish，stupid person笨蛋，痂汉
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jitterbug (n.) :a dance for couples；esp. in the early 1940’s，involving fast，acrobatic movements
to swing music’[fig]an emotionally unstable person(尤指20世纪40年代的)吉特巴舞；[喻]变化无常的人
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短语(Expressions)
nothing upstairs : (Am．slang)empty-headed；a nitwit没头脑的，愚笨的
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in the swinl : conforming to the current fashion赶时髦
例：She is always involved in the swim．她总是追求时髦。
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get one’s hands on : to obtain sth．得到，获得
例：They all want to get their hands on my money．他们都觊觎我的钱。----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
go steady : to date someone of the opposite sex regularly and exclu-sively．be sweethearts约会，成为关系确定的情侣
例：When did you go steady with her?你和她是什么时候确定恋爱关系的? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
out of the picture : not considered as involved in a situation不相干的，不合适的
例：“Is Pam still with Eric?”“No，he’s out of the picture.”“帕姆还在跟埃里克在一起吗?”“没有，他们已经互不相干了。”
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get at : seem to be saying sth．that other people d0 not completely un-derstand暗示
例：What exactly are you getting at?你到底在暗示什么?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------have…at one’s finger tips : to be completely familiar with；精通
例：We have all the facts and figures at our fingers．我们已经掌握了所有的事实和数字。
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go far : to accomplish much：achieve much success 成功，大有前途例：Ginny’s a smart girl．and I’m sure she’u go far．吉尼是个聪明的姑娘，我相信她会成功的。
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------knock out : to elicit enthusiasm or an emotional response，esp．deep sympathy or laughter使高兴，使情绪激动
例：The music was just brilliant it really knocked me out．这音乐太美妙了——它真让我激动。
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fire away : begin;start;esp.to talk or ask questions 开始谈话或提问例：“I have some question.”“Fire away.”“我有问题。”“请问。”
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hammer away(at) : t0 keep emphasizing or talking about一再强调例：He kept hammering away at his demand for a public inquiry．他一再强调需要进行公众调查。
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------month of Sundays : (colloq．)long time很久，很长的时间
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7词汇(Vocabulary)
libido (n.) : psychic energy generally；specifically，a basic form of psychic energy，comprising the positive。loving instincts manifested variously at different stages of personality development欲望
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lucrative (adj.) : producing wealth or profit；profitable；remunerative有利可图的；赚钱的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
hideous (adj.) : horrible to see,hear,very ugly or revolting;dreadful骇人听闻的;可怕的
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forlorn (adj.) : in pitiful condition；wretched；miserable可怜的；悲惨的；不幸的
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macabre (adj.) : gruesome；grim and horrible；ghastly可怕的,令人毛骨悚然的；恐怖的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
computation (n.) : the act of computing；calculation 计算
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abominable (adj.) : nasty and disgusting；vile；loathsome讨厌的，可恶的
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alley (n.) : a narrow street or walk；specifically，a lane behind a row of buildings or between two rows of buildings that face on adjacent streets胡同；小巷；小街
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filth (n.) : disgustingly offensive dirt，garbage，etc．污秽，污物；垃圾
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allude (v.) : refer in a casual or indirect way(随便或间接)提到，涉及；暗指
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monstrousness (n.) : strange shape奇形怪状
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lacerate (v.) : tear jaggedly；mangle(something soft，as flesh)；wound or hurt(one’s feelings，etc．)deeply；distress撕裂；割碎(肉等软组织)；伤害(感情等)；使…伤心
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pretentious (adj.) : making claims，explicit or implicit，to some distinction，importance，dignity，or excellence自负的；自命不凡的；自大的
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linger (v.) : continue to stay，esp．through reluctance to leave逗留(尤指不愿离开)
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downright (adv.) : thoroughly；utterly；really彻底地，完全地；真正地
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dormer (n.) : a window set upright in a sloping roof屋顶窗
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leprous (adj.) : of or like leprosy；having leprosy麻风的；似麻风的；患麻风病的
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rat—trap (n.) : a trap for catching rats捕鼠夹(子)
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misshapen (adj.) : badly shaped；deformed奇形怪状的；畸形的
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uncomely (adj.) : having unpleasant appearance不美观的，不好看的
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grime (n.) : dirt，esp．sooty dirt，rubbed into or covering a surface，as of the skin(尤指经摩擦而深入或覆盖皮肤等表面的)积垢；污秽
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gully (n.) : a channel or hollow worn by running water; small，narrow ravine沟壑，狭沟，冲沟
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chalet (n.) : a type of Swiss house，built of wood with balconies and overhanging eaves( 瑞士的木造)农舍，山上小舍
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highpitched (adj.) : steep in slope said of roofs) (屋顶)坡度陡的
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dingy (adj.) : dirty-colored；not bright or clean；grimy 不干净的；不明亮的；弄脏的
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clapboard (n.) : a thin，narrow board with one edge thicker than the other，used as siding
护墙板，隔板
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preposterous (adj.) : so contrary to nature，reason，or common sense as to be laughable；absurd；ridiculousn 反常的；乖戾的；荒谬的；愚蠢的
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pier (n.) : a heavy column，usually square. used to support weight，as at the end of an arch 角柱；支柱
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cemetery (n.) : a place for the burial of the dead；graveyard公墓，墓地；坟场
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swinish (adj.) : of or like a swine；beastly；piggish；coarse猪(似)的；鄙贱的；粗俗的
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perpendicular (adj.) : exactly upright；vertical. straight up or down垂直的；矗立的
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precarious (adj.) : uncertain；insecure；risky不稳定的；不安全的；危险的
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eczematous (adj.) : of itching skin disease湿疹的
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patina (n.) : a fine crust or film on bronze or copper．usually green or greenish—blue，formed by natural oxidation and often valued as being ornamental(青铜器上的)绿锈
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uremia (n.) : a toxic condition caused by the presence in the blood of waste produts normally eliminated in the urine and resulting from a failure of the kidneys to secrete urine尿毒症
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loathsome (adj.) : causing loathing；disgusting；abhorrent；detestable
讨厌的,厌恶的；令人作呕的
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laborious (adj.) : involving much hard work；difficult. industrious；hard—working
费力的；困难的；勤劳的；辛苦的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
incessant (adj.) : never ceasing；continuing or being repeated without stopping or in a way that seems endless：constant 不停的，连续的；不间断的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
decompose (v.) : break up or separate into basic components or parts；rot
分解；(使)腐烂，(使)腐败----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
forsake (v.) : give up；renounce(a habit，idea；leave；abandon
抛弃，放弃(思想、习惯等)；遗弃；背弃----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
malarious (adj.) : of fever conveyed by mosquitoes 疟疾的；空气污浊的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
hamlet (n.) : a very small village n 小村庄
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incomparable (adj.) : no beyond comparison；unequalled；matchless
无与伦比的，举世无双的；无敌的，无比的
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titanic (adj.) : of great size，strength，or power巨大的；力大无比的；有极大权力的
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aberrant (adj.) : turning away from what is right，true，etc．：deviating from what is normal or typical与正确或真实情况相背的；偏离常规的；反常的
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uncompromising (adj.) : not compromising or yielding；firm；inflexiable；determined不妥协的；坚定的；不让步的；坚决的
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inimical (adj.) : 1ike an enemy；hostile；unfriendly；adverse；unfavorable敌人似的；敌对的；不友好的；相反的；不利的
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ingenuity (n.) : cleverness，originality，skill，etc．机智；创造力，独创性；熟练
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grotesquery (n.) : the quality or state of being grotesque奇形怪状；怪诞
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retrospect (n.) : a looking back on or thinking about things past；contemplation or survey of the past回顾，回想；追溯
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diabolical (adj.) : of the devil or devils；fiendish恶魔的；残忍的，凶暴的
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concoct (v.) : devise，invent，or plan计划，策划；虚构，编造
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insensate (adj.) : not feeling，or not capable of feeling，sensation无感觉的，无知觉的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
brute (n.) : an animal；a person who is brutal or very stupid，gross，sensual，etc．畜生；笨蛋，粗野的人
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abomination (adj.) : great hatred，and disgust；anything hateful and disgusting憎恨，厌恶；令人讨厌的东西
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putrid (adj.) : decomposing；rotten and foul—smelling腐烂的，腐败的
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deface (v.) : spoil the appearance of；disfigure；mar损坏…的外表；丑化
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inadvertence (n.) : the quality of being inadvertent；oversight；mistake掉以轻心，粗心大意；疏漏；错误
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obscene (adj.) : offensive to one’s feelings，or to prevailing notions，of modesty of decency；lewd；disgusting猥亵的；诲淫的；可憎的
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unfathomable (adj.) : which cannot be understood；which cannot be reached不可理解的；深不可测的
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enigmatical (adj.) : of or like an enigma；perplexing；baffling谜一般的，谜似的；不可思议的，费解的
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dogmatic (adj.) : of or like dogma；doctrinal教条(主义)的；教义的
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edifice (n.) : a building，esp．a large，imposing one建筑物；尤指大型建筑物，大厦
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depravity (n.) : a depraved condition；corruption；wickedness堕落，腐化，腐败
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penthouse (n.) : a small structure，esp．one with a sloping roof，attached to a larger building小棚屋，(尤指靠在大楼边上搭的)披屋
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lust (n.) : a desire to gratify the senses；bodily appetite欲望；贪欲
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etiology (n.) : the assignment of a cause，or the cause assignment本源，原因(的说明) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pathological (adj.) : of pathology；of or concerned with diseases病理学的；病理上的
短语(Expressions)
border upon : to be like；almost be相近，类似
例：His emotion is bordering upon hysteria．他的情绪接近歇斯底里。
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put down…to : tbe attribute to归因于
例：I put Jane’s moodiness down to the stress she was under．我认为简由于所承受的压力而闷闷不乐。
10词汇(Vocabulary)
nostalgic (adj.) : looking for something far away or long ago or for former happy circumstance怀旧的
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illicit (adj.) : not allowed by law，custom，rule，etc．：unlawful；prohibited违法的，违禁的，非法的
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thrill (n.) : tremor of excitement(一阵)激动
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speakeasy (n.) : [slang]a place where alcoholic drinks are sold illegally，esp. such a place in the U．S．during Prohibition[俚](美国禁酒期的)非法的酒店
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denunciation (n.) : the act of denouncing控告；指责，斥责
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amour (n.) : a love affair，esp. of an illicit or secret nature 恋情；(尤指)不正当的男女关系
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sedan (n.) : an enclosed automobile with two or four doors．and two wide seats．front and rear(两扇或四扇门、双排座的)轿车
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naughty (adj.) : improper，obscene不得体的；猥亵的
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jazzy (adj.) : (a party)playing jazz music(舞会)放爵士音乐的
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flask—toting (adj.) :always carrying a small flask filled with whisky or other strong liquor身带烈性酒的
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sheik (n.) : (Americanism)a masterful man to whom women are supposed to be irresistably attracted[美国语](能使女子倾心的)美男子
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vagary (n.) : an odd，eccentric，or unexpected action or bit of conduct古怪行径；难以预测的行为
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flapper (n.) : [colloq．](in the 1920’s)a young woman considered bold and unconventional in actions and dress [口](在20世纪20年代被认为)举止与衣着不受传统拘束的年轻女子，轻佻女郎
perspective (n.) : a specific point of view in understanding or judging things or events，esp. one that shows them in their true relations to one another正确理解或判断事物相互关系的能力
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jazzmad (adj.) : blindly and foolishly fond of jazz music爵士乐狂
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aftermath (n.) : a result or consequence，esp. an unpleasant one结果，后果(尤指令人不愉快的后果)
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provincial (adj.) : narrow，limited like that of rural provinces狭窄的；偏狭的；地方性的
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gentility (n.) : he quality of being genteel；now，specifically，excessive or affected refinement and elegance有教养，斯文，温文尔雅；(现尤指)假装文雅，假装斯文
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aggressiveness (n.) : bold and energetic pursuit of one’s end，enterprise有进取心，进取精神
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bustle (v.) : hurry busily or with much fuss and bother繁忙，奔忙
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medium (n.) : environment环境
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catalytic (adj.) : acting as the stimulus in bringing about or hastening a result起催化作用的；起刺激作用的
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precipitate (v.) : throw headlong；cause to happen before expected，needed；bring on猛抛，猛投；突然发生；促使
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obsolescent (adj.) : in the process of becoming obsolete即将过时的；逐渐被废弃的
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mores (n.) : customs，esp. the fixed or traditional customs of a society，often acquiring the force of law习俗
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sophistication (n.) : the state of being artificial，worldly—wise，urbane，etc．老于世故
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faddishness (n.) : the following of fads赶时髦，赶时尚
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hectic (adj.) : characterized by excitement，rush，confusion，etc．兴奋的；忙乱的；混乱的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
gaiety (n.) : cheerfulness；the state of being gay高兴，快乐
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perversion (n.) : a perverting or being perverted；corruption走入邪路；堕落；败坏
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Prohibition (n.) : the forbidding by law of the manufacture，transportation，and sale of alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes；specifically in the U．S．，the period(1920—1933)of prohibition by Federal law(特指美国20~30年代的)禁酒法令
orgy (n.) : any wild riotous licentious merry—making；debauchery纵酒饮乐；狂欢
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spree (n.) : a lively，noisy frolic狂欢，纵乐
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reveler (n.) : a person who makes merry or is noisily festive狂欢者，狂宴者
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sober (v.) : make or become serious，solemn变清醒；变严肃
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prolong (v.) : lengthen or extend in time or space延长；拖长；使持久
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stalemate (n.) : any unresolved situation in which further action is impossible or useless；deadlock 僵持；困境
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insolence (n.) : being boldly disrespectful in speech—or behavior；impudence(言行)无礼，鲁莽；傲慢
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belligerent (adj.) : at war；of war处于交战状态的；战争的
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adventurousness (n.) : being fond of adventure；willingness to take chances喜欢冒险；大胆
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strenuous (adj.) : vigorous，arduous, zealous，etc．奋发的；使劲的
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jingoism (n.) : chauvinism characterized by an aggressive。threatening，warlike foreign policy侵略主义，沙文主义
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fracas (n.) : a noisy fight 0r loud quarrel；brawl大声吵架；打闹
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infantry (n.) : foot soldiers collectively；esp. that branch of an army consisting of soldiers trained and equipped to fight chiefly on foot步兵；(尤指)步兵部队
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harass (v.) : trouble，worry．or torment，as with cares, debts，repeated questions，etc．使烦恼(或困忧)，折磨
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sergeant (n.) : noncommissioned officer of the fifth grade．ranking above a corporal and below a staff sergeant in the U．S．Army and Marine Corps；generally. any of the noncommissioned officers in the U．S．armed forces with sergeant as part of the title of their rank中士；军士
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draft (n.) : the choosing or taking of an individual or individuals from a group for some special purpose，esp. for compulsory military service征兵：挑选
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carnival (n.) : a reveling or time of revelry；festivity；merrymaking狂欢，尽情作乐
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contingent (n.) : a share, proportion，or quota，as of troops．ships。laborers，delegates，etc．小