GRE PP2-填空

son (son)整理

1.The philosopher claimed that a person who must consciously _____ his or h
er own indifference before helping another is behaving more nobly than one w
hose basic disposition allows such an act to be performed without _____.
feign...enthusiasm
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,ment
embrace...duplicity
suffer...effort
overcome..deliberation(key)
哲学家宣称:在帮助一个人之前,有意放弃他自己的漠然心态的人将比没有经过思考,而允
许这样的行为被执行的人要做得好.。
第一个空格肯定是放弃，克服之类的意思，因为后面说这样将more nobly。后一个空格
without deliberation和consciously相对。More…than是GRE填空中典型的对应结构，
注意体会一下其中的关系。
2.In scientific studies, supporting evidence is much more satisfying to repo
rt than are discredited hypotheses, but, in fact, the ____ of errors is more
likely to be _____ than is the establishment of probable truth.
formulation.. permitted
correction..ingnored
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,eful(key)
accumulation..agreeable
refinement..conditional
在科学研究中，支持一个现象比丢弃一个假设更加让人满意。但实际上，发现一个错误
比建立一个真确的理论更加有用。
but引起的前后意思相反
3.Although skeptics say financial problems will probably ___ our establishin
g a base on the Moon, supporters of the project remain ___, saying that huma
n curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints.
beset..disillusioned
hasten..hopeful
postpone..pessimistic
prevent..enthusiastic(key)
allow..unconvinced
尽管反对者说财政问题将阻止我们在月球上建立一个基地，这个计划的支持者仍然保持
热情，说人们的好奇心会克服这样一个现实存在的限制。
although引起的前后反义
4.The state of a nation's science determines its prosperity and political po
wer, and scientists should not ___ this relationship even if their own inter
est in science is of a less practical nature.
Overlook(key)
consider
overestimate
rely on
notice
一个国家的科学状态决定了它的繁荣和政治力量，甚至在他们自己的科学兴趣是没有多
少实际用途的，科学家们也不应该忽略两者间的关系。
and前后同义，even if 引出一个转折。
5.All ____ biological traits fall into one of two categories: those giving t
heir possessors greater ___ the environment and those rendering them more in
dependent of it.
widespread..detachment from
beneficial..control over(key)
successful..freedom from
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,patibility with
harmful..advantage in
所有有益的生物特性都属于两个范畴：一个是给所有者更大的控制环境的能力，另一个
促使他们更加依赖环境。
第一空beneficial和successful好一点；分号后面的句子由and

引起相对结构。(见真题
)
6.Most histories of science are success stories that conclude on ____ note w
ith the final ___ of a theory that is the basis of subsequent inquiries by l
ater researchers.
a retrospective..extrapolation
an analytic.. rebuttal
an objective..rationalization
a positive.. refutation
a triumphal.. ascendancy(key)
大多数科学的历史纪录是成功的历史故事，这样的历史故事是关于一个优势理论的获胜
的纪录，这个理论是后来研究者调查研究的基础。
success表明全文褒扬的意思。
7.Whereas the Elizabethans struggled with the transition from medieval _____
_ experience to modern individualism, we confront an electronic technology t
hat seems likely to reverse the trend, rendering individualism obsolete and
interdependence mandatory.
literary
intuitive
corporate(key)
heroic
spiritual
伊丽莎白时代的人努力从中世纪的团结合作的经历转变到现代的个人独立主义，然而，
我们面临这样一个电子科技，这个科技看起来要改变这个趋势，使个人主义显得过时而
互相依靠显得是必须的。
很简单，transition sth to sth；显然是转折；whereas也引起一个转折
8.Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body o
f literature produced in the United States truly ___ a ____ literature, or w
hether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature.
symbolized..local
constituted..national(key)
defined..historical
outlined..good
captured..meaningful
二次世界大战之前，艺术理论仍然存在一个疑问，即文学体裁是真正的建立了一个全国
性的文学，还是这样的文学只不过是英国文学的一个狭隘的分支。
or引起一个转折。A national literature 和a provincial branch 相对
9.In today's world, manufacturer' innovations are easily copied and thus dif
ferences between products are usually _____; advertisers, therefore, are for
ced to ____ these differences in order to suggest the uniqueness of their' p
roducts.
crucial..downplay
minimal.. reduce
slght..exaggerate(key)
common..emphasize
intrinsic..create
当今世界，制造商的创新很容易被复制，因此产品之间的差别通常很小；所以，广告者
为了说明他们客户产品的独特性，被迫夸大这些区别。
easily copied因此differences minimal,因此advertisers不得不exaggerate
10.The critics' evident _____ the new production was somewhat ____ by their
high regard for the playwright's previous work.
admiration for .. offset
curiosity about.. dampened
hostility toward.. tempered(key)
disappointment in disguised
awareness of frustrated
批评家们对于这新作品明显得敌意被他们对这个剧作家以前作品的高度评价所缓和。
high regard高度评价，第一

个空格要么同义，要么反以，A or C, 第一个显然不对，o
ffset为抵消的意思。
11.There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people's social b
ehavior and the values informing it that cannot be_____ from one or another
point of view, or even ___ as simplistic or vapid.
accepted..praised
intuited..exposed
harangued..retracted
defended..glorified
challenged..dismissed(key)
仅供参考：
既然对于人的社会行为和价值并没有一个统一的说法,所以人的行为和价值就不能被其他
人从另外的角度进行challenges甚至于只是简单的把它说成simplistic或vapid也不行！
??
even表示前后两句话的意思程度不同，注意。
12.What these people were waiting for would not have been apparent to others
and was perhaps not very ___ their own minds.
obscure to
intimate to
illusory to
difficult for
definite in(key)
这些人在等待的东西对其它人来说不是很明显，而且或许对他们自己的想法来说也不是
很明确。
and引起的并列。
13.The attempt to breed suitable varieties of jojoba by using hybridization
to ____ favorable traits was finally abandoned in favor of a simpler and muc
h faster ____: the domestication of flourishing wild strains.
eliminate.. alternative
reinforce.. method(key)
allow..creation
reduce..idea
concentrate..theory
通过杂交来加强一些人们想得到的特征的培育jojoba(一种灌木）的尝试被放弃了，取而
代之的是一种更简单更快的方法：繁荣的野生品种驯化。
第一个因为有favorable所以应该选加强，第二空格method更合适一些和attempt对应。

14.In spite of the increasing ____ of their opinions, the group knew they ha
d to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented.
impartiality
consistency
judiciousness
incisiveness
polarity(key)
尽管他们观念的不断分化，这个团体知道他们不得不达成一致意见以便作出决定。
in spite of引起反义，polarity和consensus相对
15.Supporters praised the mayor's action as a speedy and judicious solution,
but critics condemned it as ___ and unfairly influenced by recent events.
innocuous
fortuitous
beguiling
discreet
premature(key)
支持者赞扬市长的行动是一个迅捷而且公平的决定，但是批评家谴责这个决定，从目前
的情况来看是早熟的，不公平的。
but引起前后相反，supporters赞扬，critics当然贬抑
又因为和speedy相对，或者by recent events，选premature比较合适。
16.Although frequent air travelers remain unconvinced, researchers have foun
d that, paradoxically, the __ disorientation inherent in jet lag also may y
ield some mental health ___ .
temporal...benefits（key)
acquired..hazards
somatic...disorders
random..deficiencies
typ

ical..standards
尽管经常乘飞机的旅行者仍然不确信，而相矛盾的是，研究者发现（人）因为发动机减
速内部短暂的失去方向感可能产生一些对精神健康的好处。
因为although,paradoxically存在，disorientation必然是产生好处，temporal可能是
与jet lag有关。
17.Some artists immodestly idealize or exaggerate the significance of their
work; yet others, ____ to exalt the role of the artist, reject a transcenden
t view of art.
appearing
disdaining(key)
seeking
failing
tending
一些艺术家不谦虚的把他们的作品理想化，或者夸大其重要性；然而，其他一些人，鄙
视提高艺术作品角色的做法，抛弃艺术强势的观点。
结构很明显，分号前后相对，画线处和reject应该同意。
18. Calculus, though still indispensable to science and technology, is no lo
nger _____; it has an equal partner called discrete mathematics.
Preeminent(key)
pertinent
beneficial
essential
pragmatic
尽管微积分对于科学技术来说仍然势必不可少的，但已经不在象以前那么卓越了。和它
同等的有离散数学。
though产生一个转折关系，且no longer使画线处应该和indispensable同义。
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,ually the first to spot data that were inconsistent with other findings
, in this particular experiment she let a number ___ results slip by.
inaccurate
verifiable
redundant
salient
anomalous(key)
通常，第一次确定的数据和其它发现使不一致的，在这个特定的实验中，她抛弃了一些
反常的结果。
前后同义，题中没有提到accurate，所以inaccurate也不正确。是否多余也没有提到，
redundant也不对。
20.Despite its ____, the book deals ____ with a number of crucial issues.
optimism.. cursority

importance.. needlessly
virtues..inadequatedly(key)
novelty..strangely
completeness.. thoroughly
尽管一些优点是存在的,这本书对于一些重大问题的讨论是不充分的。
despite前后转折，同时前面一个空格应该是crucial issues的评价。所以选virtues..
inadequately

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son (son)整理

21.Because the most recent research has ____ earlier criticism of her work,
one has to conclude that scientists who persist in dismissing her contribut
ion are either ____ the latest findings or simply obstinate.
disparaged.. satisfied with
refined.. preoccupied with
rejuvenated.. unmoved by
confirmed.. opposed to
invalidated..ignorant of(key)
因为最新的研究证明早期对他工作的批评是无效的，有人下结论说，那些坚持轻视她的
贡献的科学家们是对最新发现无知或者仅仅是固执。
persist说明科学家没有改变，而且是obstinate说明recent research是支持her work，
说明scients是ignorant最新的发现。
22.Today water is more ___

_ in landscape architecture than ever before, beca
use technological advances have made it easy, in some instance even _____, t
o install water features in public places.
conspicuous..prohibitive
sporadic..effortless
indispensable.. intricate
ubiquitous..obligatory(key)
controversial..unnecessary
当今，水在风景建筑中比起以前变得更加无所不在，因为技术的进步使在公共场所安装
水具变得很容易，某种程度上看起来像是必须要安装。
in some instances引起一个递进关系，所以选obligatory前面一个空格就选ubiquitou
s符合全局意思。
23.Babcock's criticism of the business practices of fellow merchants was col
ored by ____: the more successful the other entrepreneurs, the more bitterly
they were ____.
sensitivity..courted
jealousy..castigated(key)
admiration..admonished
ambivalence..dismissed
blame..exonerated
Babcock对于同道商人的商业实践的批评被妒忌所变色（掩盖）:其它企业家越是成功，
他们将被更加严厉的批评。
冒号是一个递进关系，criticism所以后一个空格必然使和criticize同义的一个贬抑词
，前面空格是表明一个特征即babcock jealousy
24.Though his contemporaries tended to fixate on the politician's supposed _
___, his personal correspondence ___ a surprising largess.
charity.. confirms
parsimony.. contradicts
avarice..betrays(key)
integrity.. reveals
generosity.. bespeaks
尽管时人倾向于这个政客被假想的贪财，他的个人通信揭示了他令人吃惊的慷慨。
Though转折，第一个空格和largess反义，第二个空格有揭示的意思。
25.In contrast to more ____ publications of ever narrower purview, the journ
al Antiquity has remained as ____ as it was when it began, continuing to ser
ve the broader interests of the discipline of archaeology.
atypical.. anomalous
specialized..idiosyncratic(key)
diverse .. idiosyncratic
irrelevant.. superfluous
authoritative..autocratic
和永远有很窄的视界，更专业的出版物相比较，杂志《古代》还是保持它刚开始的一样
折衷，继续服务于考古学原理的更加宽的兴趣。
in contrast to,前后对应，且ever narrower,所以前一空选specialized；又broader
interests of the discipline of archaeology本身就是eclectic。
26.If the theory is self-evidently true, as its proponents assert, then why
does ____ it still exist among well-informed people?
support for
excitement about
regret for
resignation about
opposition to(key)
如果和它支持者所说的，这个理论视不言自明的正确的，那么在知识广博的人们中间为
什么还存在反对意见呢？
27.Religious philosopher that he was, Henry More derived his conception of a
n infinite universe from the Infinite God in whom he believed, a benevolent
God of ___

whose nature was to create ___.
plenitude..abundance(key)
vengeance..justice
indifference..suffering
indulgence.. temperance
rectitude..havoc
见国内题或最新题：（以下做参考）
像他这样的宗教哲学家，HenryMore从他所信仰的无穷的上帝得到宇宙无穷的概念；这是
一个有创造富足自然能力的上帝。
Infinite后面应该选plenitude..abundance
28.According to some experts, modern science as it emerged in the seventeent
h century was essentially a ____ calling: the culture of science was more a
____ than a departure from ecclesiastical traditions.
scholarly..recapitulation of
skeptical.. return to
religious.. continuation of(Key)
solemn.. recantation of
technical.. modification of
由一些专家所知，现代科学，当它出现在17世纪本质上是宗教上的呼唤：科学文化是一
个教会传统的延续而不是背离。
ecclesiatical教会的，所以第一个孔应该和宗教有关系，第二空格和departure相对应
。
29.We first became aware that his support for the new program was less than
____ when he declined to make a speech in its favor.
qualified
haphazard
fleeting
unwarranted
wholehearted(key)
当他拒绝作一个赞扬这个新计划的演讲的时候，我们头一次意识到，他对于这个新计划
的支持不是全心全意的。
因为declined to...所以less than whole hearted.
30.Because of the excellent preservation of the fossil, anatomical details o
f early horseshoe crabs were __ for the first time, enabling experts to ____
the evolution of the horseshoe crab.
scrutinized..ensure
verified.. advance
identified.. distort
obscured.. illustrate
clarified.. reassess(key)
因为有化石的完好的保存，早期horseshoe crabs(一种海洋节肢动物）的构造上的细节
第一次被弄清楚，从而使专家重新评估horseshoe crab的进化。
本题A和E不好区分，ensure不能跟the evolution，并且reassess更加通顺一些。
31.Nothing ____ his irresponsibility better than his ____ delay in sending u
s the items he promised weeks ago.
justifies..conspicuous
characterizes..timely
epitomizes..unnecessary(key)
reveals..conscientious
conceals..inexplicable
没有什么能比他几个星期前答应送给我们东西，却故意拖延，更加能够体现他的不负责
任。
justifie证明..正确，褒义部队，无责任心，用unnecessary表示很好，别的不像。
32.The few dozen gray seals that have thus far died of canine distemper can,
at least for now, be considered ___, since most of the remaining 200,000 gr
ay seals appear uninfected by the disease.
unexceptional
immune
anomalous(key)
endangered
contagious
既然大多数剩下200,000灰海豹看起来没有被这种病毒感染，少量灰海豹死于canine di
stemper can,至少在目前，

被认为使反常的。
前后截然不同，since，表示反常；反常这个答案ETS常出。
33.A century ago the physician's word was ____: to doubt it was considered a
lmost sacrilegious.
inevitable
intractable
incontrovertible(key)
objective
respectable
一个实际以前，内科医生的话是无可争辩的：怀疑这些话将被认为会遭受天谴。
因为doubt，所以空格出填doubt的同义或反义词，根据句子意思，应该是反义词。
34.So much of modern fiction in the United Stated is autobiographical, and s
o much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the ___ sometimes seem large
ly ___.
authors.. ignored
needs..unrecognized
genres..interchangeable(key)
intentions..misunderstood
misapprehensions..uncorrected
在美国，如此多的现代小说是自传体的，如此多的自传是虚构的，以致两个体裁看起来
大部分可以互换的。
由全句意思，fiction和autobiography有关系，所以是interchangeable，并且它们都是
一种genre
35.Prior to the work of Heckel, illustrations of fish were often beautiful b
ut rarely ____; this fact, combined with the ____ nature of most nineteenth-
century taxonomic descriptions, often kept scientists from recognizing diffe
rences between species
impressive..inaccurate
realistic..detailed
traditional..progressive
precise..inexact(key)
distinctive.. sophisticated
在Heckel的工作之前，对于鱼的描述是美丽的但是很少是精确的；这个事实，和大多数
19世纪分类描述的不精确的本质相结合，经常使科学家们无法区分不同的品种。
两个空格应该同义，而且，keep ..from recognizing differences所以应该是不精确。

36.Because modern scientists find the ancient Greek view of the cosmos outda
ted and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of ____ interest.
historical(key)
intrinsic
astronomical
experimental
superfluous
因为现代科学家发现古稀拉关于宇宙的观点是过时的不重要的，所以他们仅仅把它看作
是一个历史的兴趣。
modern, 看ancient显然是historical interest
37.The challenge of interpreting fictional works written under politically r
epressive regimes lies in distinguishing what is ____ to an author's beliefs
, as opposed to what is _____ by political coercion.
innate .. understood
organic..imposed(key)
contradictory.. conveyed
oblique.. captured
peripheral.. demanded
翻译在压制政体下所写的小说作品的挑战来自于区分那些是作者本来的信仰，哪些是被
政治压迫所强加的，这两者正好相对。
Opposed to引起一个对应，作者的本意和政治压迫对应。
38.Although the intellectual and artistic achievements of this ancient civil
ization were, even by modern standards, extraordinarily ____, its level of t
echnical and me

chanical development was by no means ___ to that of modern te
chnology.
primitive.. superior
diverse.. inimical
sophisticated .. comparable(key)
primeval.. equivalent
influential.. subordinate
尽管这古文明的智力和艺术成就，从现代的标准来看，也是特别精细的，它的技术机械
发展水平绝对不能和现代科技想比较。
by no means,绝对不能，第一个空填褒扬的话，第二个空就by no means comparable
39.Although the genetic explanation of why some people are right-handed wher
eas others are left-handed is plausible, it has been effectively ___ by expe
riments in which genetically ____ mice showed different paw preferences.
verified..related
challenged..indistinguishable(key)
tested.. altered
proven.. identical
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,plex
尽管遗传学上的解释一些人右手性的而另一些人是左手性的是合理的，该解释已经被试
验所合理的怀疑，在这个试验中，遗传上没有区别的老鼠表现出不同的爪子趋向。
前面说explanation合理后面就应该是反对..反对就是indistinguishable mice也是dif
ferent的。
40.While T.S.Eliot maintained that poets themselves were the best _____ of _
___, C.S.Lewis opposed this view, declaring that one did not have to be a tr
ained chef to be a discriminating gourmet.
mimics ..life
constructors ..rhyme

critics ..verse(key)
conservators ..aesthetics
interpreters ..sensation
T.S.Eliot说使人本身是最好的评论家，而C.S.Lewis反对这个观点，宣称（一个人）不
必被从一个厨师训练成一个有区别能力的美食家。
C.S反对的是一个比喻，所反对的内容就是T.S坚持的观点。Ets出的阅读中有时候也喜欢
用比喻，难。

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son (son)整理

41.Paradoxically, altruism may in fact be ____ if it aids only one's close
relatives.
stalwart
beneficent
rancorous
selfish(key)
censorious
相矛盾的是，利他主义如果仅仅只是帮助亲密的亲属的话，实际上是一种自私的行为。

altruism<>selfish
42.The discipline of sociology has finally achieved a degree of consensus: h
owever ____ their individual interpretations and emphases might be, most soc
iologists now ____ a single broad conception of the field.
different .. share(key)
uncontroversial.. champion
limited.. reject
divergent.. dispute
concordant .. acknowlege
社会学的信徒最后到达这么一个程度的一致意见：无论他们的解释和强调是多么的不同
，现在大多数社会学家有一个共同的单一的宽广的这个领域的概念。
冒号后面是对前面的注释，however引起一个转折，different转折之后就是share
43.Chinese art has no ___ the powerful explicit anti war paintings of the We
st, but _____ subtlety and indirection to express political thought.
panacea for.

.passes by
diversion from defers to
counterpart for .. relies on(key)
intimation of ..alludes to
derivative of .. refrains from
中国的艺术品没有这样一个西方的画的对应，这个对应是强有力的清楚的反战的，但是
只依赖于微妙的不直接的表达政治思想。
Chinese art和 paintings of the West相对，显然就应该选counterpart，前面说no e
xplicit antiwar，后面就应该indirection表达political thought
44.Breakdowns in communication between intimates may occur because the ____
of the relationship, ironically, may ____ openness.
depth..necessitate
closeness..discourage(key)
reciprocity..foster
juxtaposition..offset
precariousness..facilitate
密友之间交流的崩溃可能是因为亲密的关系，讽刺的是，可能阻碍坦诚。
ironically, 就应该是反对openness，前面就应该是closeness导致intimates breakdo
wns in communication；ironically引起全句前后对应。
45.Often the argument against philanthropy has the effect of ____ the charac
ter of philanthropists but not necessarily ____ their work: they may have do
ne good in spite of themselves.
describing..explaining
aggrandizing ..acknowledging
emphasizing ..citing
impugning ..discrediting(key)
obscuring ..attacking
通常反对仁爱的言论有指责慈善家的效果，但是不必要鄙视他们的工作：（工作）尽管
..已经产生了好处。
they done good,所以not discredit,转折之前就应该是impugn
46.The novelist devotes so much time to avid descriptions of his characters'
clothes that the reader soon feels that such ____ concerns, although worthy
of attention, have superseded any more directly literary aims.
didactic
syntactical
belletristic
sartorial(key)
frivolous
这个小说家花了如此多的时间致力于生动的描述他的角色的衣服，以至于读者很快感觉
到这样一个裁缝的关心，尽管值得注意，已经部分替代了直接的文学目的。
sartorial: 梅旖车模 认识这个单词就可以了
47.Ecologists who believe that naturally occurring fires can often ____ an e
cosystem are worried by calls for a policy of ____ all forest fires.
alter .. investigating
damage .. fighting
benefit.. suppressing(Key)
unbalance.. extinguishing
rejuvenate.. studying
一些生态学家相信自然产生的或在通常能对一个生态系统产生好处，一个关于消灭所有
森林火灾的呼吁是他们感到担忧。
worried所以前后意思相反，fire benefit所以suppress all fire 是不对的。
48.Mathematicians have a distinctive sense of beauty: they strive to present
their ideas and results in a clear and compelling fashion, dictated by ____
as well as by logic.
caprice
aesthetics(key)
obligation
methodologies
intellect
数学家们有截然不同的美感：他们努力表达他

们的想法和结果，清楚的，吸引人的式样
，被美学同样也被逻辑所决定。
前面出现beauty,且和logic想对，所以选aesthetic
49.Carruthers' latest literary criticism ____ her reputation for trenchant c
ommentary; despite its intriguing title and the fulsome praise on its dust j
acket, it is nothing more than a collection of ____.
reinforces..pronouncements
belies.. platitudes(key)
prejudices..insights
advances..aphorisms
undermines..judgments
Carruthers最近的文学评论和她锐利评论的名声不相符合；尽管在封皮上有诱人的标题
和过度的赞扬，它只不过是一些陈词滥调的集合。
后半句很明显是贬义,despite.....所以前半句该选belie,prejudice,or undermine,从
后半句看则应该platitude为贬义。
50.The ___ of gambler' unsuccessful decision strategies is one ____ of the i
llusions built into games of chance in order to misguide players and take th
eir money.
distortion .. outcome
restriction.. result
maintenance.. function(key)
prediction.. accomplishment
demonstration..prerequisite
赌徒的不成功的战略的保持起一种暗示的功能，这种暗示的建立是为了误导参与者并且
骗走他们的钱。
In order to misguide players和illusions是一种同义对应，所以节后unsuccessful
decision，选择maintenance ..function比较好。
51.That the new group was unable to weather its first staff meeting without
evidence of the same ____ that its creation was intended to abolish did not
___future harmony among coworkers.
cooperation .. ensure
facade.. realize
factions..augur(key)
diligence.. subdue
ventures..suggest
这个新团体不能预测他们第一次全体会议,没有证据表明分歧的建立是为了废止分歧,因
此, 将不能预测到将来的共同工作中的和谐。
that引起长长的从句做主语，绕了好多圈
unable to weather后面也应该是did not augur既然不能harmony所以是factions abol
ish without evidence
51.The prevailing union of passionate interest in detailed facts with equal
devotion to abstract ____ is a hallmark of our present society; in the past
this union appeared, at best , ____ and as if by chance.
data.. extensively
philosophy..cyclically
generalization..sporadically(key)
evaluation..opportunely
intuition..selectively
目前流行的联合会，是一些关于细节事实的热情的兴趣，这些事实都被同等的致力于抽
象概括，这些联合会使我们现代社会的象征；在过去，这些联合会看起来，最多是零星
的，就像偶然的出现。
现在与过去比较：现在prevailing，过去就是sporadically and by chance;第一个空a
bstract generalization很好
53.The author did not see the ___ inherent in her scathing criticism of a wr
iting style so similar to her own.
disinterest
incongru

ity(key)
pessimism
compliment
symbolism
作家没有看出内在的不同，在他对一个和她自己的很相似的风格的伤害性的批评。
有人模仿他的风格，他就骂，实际上incongruity inherent
54.The author is ____ to identify any particular principle as fundamental, i
nsisting instead that it is only when viewed within specific contexts that p
rinciples can be ____.
Reluctant ..modified
unable.. relinquished
loathe .. assessed(key)
unlikely ..violated
wrong ..justified
作家憎恨把所有特别的原理认为是基本的，作为代替的是，他坚持仅仅当在特定的上下
文时被考虑，原理才能被评定。
前一空无论选什么都有反对的意思，所以转折之后，就是特定情况specific can be as
sessed;而且前者显然是表现主语的主观状态，应该选reluctant或者loathe这样的词
55.As ___ as she was to the widespread dissatisfaction with her performance
on the job, it is no wonder that she greeted the news of her dismissal with
____.
receptive..disdain
acquiescent..temerity
oblivious..astonishment(key)
vulnerable..uncertainty
responsive..apathy
就像她对广泛得对她在工作中的表现不满不知晓的情况一样，她对她被解职的消息表现
的震惊就一点也不奇怪了。
As ___ as，前后必然同义，只有oblivious ..astonishment能表示同一个意思。
56.The scientist found it puzzling that his rival's theory retained its ____
_ despite widespread suggestions that it was now ____.
perspective.. dated
currency..moribund(key)
appeal..accepted
complexity..unfathomable
credibility.. recognized
该科学家奇怪的发现她对手的理论仍然保持流行，尽管流行的说法说它是垂死的。
显然应该是相反的意思.
57.I n keeping with the well-established custom that even the most favorable
review should include some ____, the reviewer follows her _____ the book's
prose with some objections to its implementations of theory.
equivocations..quibbles with
accolades.. attack on
reservations .. praise of(key)
disparagements.. criticism of
compliments..consideration of
为了和建立的很好的习惯保持一致，最好的评论也该保持一些节制，这个评论家在批评
了该散文集的一些理论的实施之后，又赞扬了它。
praise和objection相对，所以是reservation
58.Even among those findings in the field of nuclear physics that have ___,
many have been subject to repeated challenges on the basis of new evidence.
arisen
survived(key)
declined
been proposed
been questioned
甚至在那些发现当中，这些发现是在存在很久的核科学领域中，许多人已经确定的在一
些新证据的基础上不断地提出挑战。
new对survived
59.The economists were ____ to find that the theory that they had considered
__

___ crumbled when modern techniques for economic modeling made it possibl
e to make new kinds of observation that contradicted its fundamental assumpt
ions
surprised..problematic
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,eful
stunned..invulnerable(key)
disappointed..faulty
astonished..suspect
经济学家吃惊的发现这样一个理论，当现代对经济模型的技术使得建立一个和原来基本
的假设相矛盾的新的观察成为可能的时候，他们原来认为坚不可摧的理论，事实是脆弱
的。
invulnerable和crumbled相对，所以吃惊
60.One reason for the development of junior high schools in the United State
s was ____: these schools provided an efficient and inexpensive way to avoid
overcrowding in the high schools.
inequality
parity
expediency(key)

ineptitude
instability
在美国，低级高中的发展的一个原因是方便：这些学校提供一个有效的便宜的方法，从
而避免高中的人口爆满。
Expediency 和 efficient ，inexpensive对应。

--
son (son)整理

61.Even though some of the variables identified in Chang's study of persona
lity types are inherently ____, the application of that study's results pred
icts human behavior with considerable ____.
reliable..accuracy
common..universality
nebulous..specificity(key)
abstruse..error
interesting..sophistication
尽管一些辨别chang对于人格类型的研究的参数从本质上是模糊的，这个研究结果的对于
人类行为预测的采用被认为是明确的。
两个空填反义词。
62.Just as the author' book on eels is often a key text for courses in marin
e vertebrate zoology, their ideas on animal development and phylogeny ___ te
aching in this area
prevent
defy
replicate
inform(key)
use
就像这些作者关于鳗鱼的书通常是关于海洋脊椎动物学的关键的课本，他们关于动物发
展和发展史的观点为这个领域提供了教学。
just as并列
63. Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, b
ut this dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact
, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.
a controversial
a statistical
an analytical
an explicit
an unimpeachable
18世纪的小说女作家写的比男作家多，但是直到最近，这些优势才被认为仅仅是统计学
上的事实，一种有点神秘的指导仅仅被书志学家所记载。
bibliographer当然选statistical
64.Often the difficulties of growing up in the public eye cause child prodig
ies to ____ the world of achievement before reaching adulthood; happily, the
y sometimes later return to competition and succeed brilliantly.
redicule
conquer
retire from(key)
antagonize
examine
通常在公众眼中成长的困难使少年天才在成年之前原理这个世界的成就；让

人高兴的是
，他们后来又回到了竞争并且取得成功。
return to 和retire from 相对应。
65.That many lawyers have acquired a reputation for ____ even the most solem
n and binding undertakings does not ____ discovery of attorneys devoted to b
oth legal and ethical right.
enforcing.. promote
articulating ..ensure
repudiating..permit
disapproving.. produce
subverting..preclude(key)
许多律师因为推翻了最神圣和相结合的重压，赢得了一个名声，这些并不能排除这样一
个发现，律师致力于法律和伦理两个方面的合理性。
律师致力于legal使显然的，是否致力于ethical,前后意思相反
66.While some argue that imposing tolls on highway users circumvents the nee
d to raise public taxes for road maintenance, the phenomenal expense of main
taining a vast net work of roads ____reliance on these general taxes.
avoids
diminishes
necessitates(key)
discourages
ameliorates
有些认证论说对高速公路的用于征加费用将避免提高关于公路维护的公众税收的需要，
然而，保持一个庞大的公路网的明显的化肥使得依赖于一个通常的税收是必须的。
while转折，前面说circumvent后面就是necessitate
67.The skeleton of ____ bird that was recently discovered indicated that thi
s ancient creature ____ today's birds in that, unlike earlier birds and unli
ke reptilian ancestors, it had not a tooth in its head
a primeval.. obscured(key)
a unique.. preempted
a primitive.. anticipated
a contemporary..foreshadowed
an advanced..differed from
早期鸟的骨架的最近被发现，指出古代生物预示了今天的鸟类，和更加早的鸟类和爬虫
类的祖先不同，它头部没有牙齿。
ancient后者modern，第一个空显然选择primeval,或者primitive，看后面这个鸟和ear
lier birds不同，和today的相同了
68.According to one political theorist, a regime that has as its goal absolu
te ____, without any ____ law or principle, has declared war on justice.
respectability..codification of
supremacy..suppression of
autonomy..accountability to(key)
fairness..deviation from
responsibility..prioritization of
通过一个政治理论家可以知道，一个政体如果以它自己的目的为绝对权威，而不服从于
法律或者准则，就已经在像正义宣战了。
That引出一个分句，后面还有一个without应该意思一样的；declare war on justice必
然是没有服从法律和准则
69.The remark was only slightly ____, inviting a chuckle, perhaps, but certa
inly not a ____.
audible..reward
hostile..shrug
amusing..rebuke
coherent..reaction
humorous..guffaw(key)
这些话仅仅有一点点幽默，或许导致了一些轻笑，但肯定不是哄堂大笑。
chuckle前面就是slightly humor,后面not guffaw
70.Estimating the risks of ra

diation escaping from a nuclear power plant is
___ question, but one whose answer then becomes part of a value-laden, emoti
onally charged policy debate about whether to construct such a plant.
an incomprehensible
an undefined
an irresponsible
a divisive
a technical(key)
估计从一个核电厂逸出的辐射的危险是一个技术问题,但是一个答案变成了部分价值负担
，感情上提出政策的关于是否修建这样一个点场的讨论。
technical和emotionally相对。
71.Our highly ____ vocabulary for street crime contrasts sharply to our ____
vocabulary for corporate crime, a fact that corresponds to the general publ
ic's unawareness of the extent of corporate crime.
nuanced..subtle
uninformative..misleading
euphemistic..abstract
differentiated..limited(key)
technical..jargon-laden
我们高度丰富的关于街道犯罪的词汇，和我们十分有限的法人词汇相对照，是一个和普
通大众对法人犯罪的程度的不关心的事实。
contrast to前后相对，从后面句子看出，corporte crime应该是limited
72.In modern English very few verb forms can be surely identified as subjunc
tives, and the use of those few is so irregular that ____ criteria for appro
priate usage are hard to infer.
obscure
irrelevant
alternative
definite(key)
independent
在现代英语中，很少有动词形式能被肯定的用作虚拟语态，如此少的用途是如此的不规
则以至于确定的合适用途的标准是很难被推断的。
irregular和definite相对，so … that 结构
73.Professional photographers generally regard inadvertent surrealism in a p
hotograph as a curse rather than a blessing; magazine photographers, in part
icular, consider themselves ____ to the extent that they can ____ its presen
ce in their photographs.
Skillful .. enhance
Inadequate .. eliminate
Original .. demonstrate
Fortunate .. minimize(key)
Conventional .. highlight
专业摄影师一般把想偏重不谨慎的超现实主义看作是一个诅咒而不是一个祝福；特别是
杂志摄影师，认为在他们的摄影中能够尽可能减少超现实主义的存在时非常的幸运的。

magazine是一种professional photographer，所以他们的态度是一样的。
74.Doors were closing on our past, and soon the values we had lived by would
become so obsolete that we would seem to people of the new age as ___ as tr
avelers from an ancient land.
elegant
ambitious
interesting
comfortable
quaint(key)
关于我们过去的门正在被关闭，不久我们曾经所习惯的价值观将变得如此过时，以至于
我们被新时代的人看作是古代来的古怪的旅行者。
obsolete, ancient对于new age选quaint比较合适
75.Mechanisms develop whereby every successful species can ____ its innate c
apacity for population growth with the c

onstraints that arise through its in
teractions with the natural environment.
enhance
replace
produce
surpass
reconcile(key)
机制的发展使得每一个品种能够调和它内在的人口增长的容量和来自于它和自然环境之
间的相互作用的限制之间的矛盾。
reconcile ...with....
76.It was not the ___ of great wealth-jewels, limousines, palatial houses-th
at enticed him; rather, he was ___ by the illusion of complete freedom that
unlimited financial resources created.
grandeur..unconvinced
responsibilities..intimidated
trappings..seduced(key)
pageant..appalled
rewards..distressed
并不是那些巨大的财富，比如珠宝，汽车，洋房吸引了他；然而，他是被完全的无限的
财政资源的创造所吸引。
entice显然前后都应该是吸引。
77.Ability to ___ is the test of the perceptive historian; a history , after
all, consists not only of what the historian has included, but also,in some
sense, of what has been left out.
defer
select(key)
confer
devise
reflect
选择的能力是历史学家洞察力的检测；一段历史毕竟不仅仅包括历史学家所需要的，而
且，某种意义上来说是要被抛弃的。
not only ..but also的意思既是select
78.Although the ____ of cases of measles has ___, researchers fear that erad
ication of the disease, once believed to be imminent, may not come soon.
occurrence..continued
incidence..declined(key)
prediction..resumed
number..increased
study..begun
尽管麻疹病例的一项范围已经减小，研究者害怕这种疾病的消灭，曾经被相信是即将来
临的，可能不会那么快到来。
后半句说说may not come soon, 前半句就应该是incidence decline
79.Although it seems ____ that there would be a greater risk of serious auto
mobile accidents in densely populated areas, such accidents are more likely
to occur in sparsely populated regions.
paradoxical
axiomatic(Key)
anomalous
irrelevant
portentous
尽管看起来是显而易见的，在人口稠密的地区将会有更大的严重的汽车事故的危险，然
而，这样的事故更容易在人口稀疏的地方发生。
转折: axiomatic greater in densely area然而， more likely occur in sparsely
80.Because art is a ____ form of human expression,the artist's approach to c
reation is ____ personal experience.
dispassionate.. influenced by
typical.. detached from
unique..detrimental to
subjective..colored by
figurative..irrelevant to

因为艺术是人类感情的主观形式，艺术家创作的入口时受到个人经历的影响的。
art和personal experience有关，所以是subjective

※ 修改:·son 於 Mar 20 18:00:49 修改本文·[FROM: 166.111.170.126]
son (son)整理

81.When a person suddenly loses consciousness, a bystander is not expected
to

___ the problem but to attempt to ____ its effects by starting vital func
tions if they are absent.
cure..precipitate
minimize..predict
determine..detect
diagnose..counter(key)
magnify..evaluate
一个人突然失去知觉时，旁观者并没有被指望来诊断问题但是如果他们在场，就要努力
通过激起生命活动来消减它的效果。
But引起的一个转折对应；starting vital functions是counter consciousness的作用

82.To label the 1950's in the United States a "golden age" is somewhat ____;
general prosperity increased but the gains made by women in the workplace d
uring the Second World War were ____.
nostalgic.. perpetuated
facetious.. substantiated
disingenuous..modified
misleading..eroded(key)
hyperbolic..distributed
把50年代的美国标记成黄金时代稍微有点错误；大众繁荣增长了，但是二战中妇女在工
作岗位中获得的利益削弱了。
golden age somewhat 应该和负词；后半句本身有个转折
83.Many of the towns that have voted to keep incinerators in the county's so
lid waste plan have done so not because they necessarily ____ incinerators,
but because they are ____ to narrow their waste-disposal options.
disdain..expecting
favor..inclined
dote on ..eager
approve of .. loath(key)
deplore..unwilling
这个镇支持保持县处理垃圾计划中的焚烧场的很多人这么做，并不是他们必须赞成焚烧
场，而是因为他们不愿意削减他们的垃圾处理的信念。
vote所以loath to narrow，but引起一个转折，意思较为明显
84.It was lack of ecological awareness that initially allowed physicians to
view the new "miracle-cure" antibiotics as a permanent ___ to bacterial infe
ctions rather than ____ victory over such diseases.
alternative.. a major
solution .. an interim(key)
reaction.. a strategic
answer.. a hard-won
stimulus.. an ephemeral
最初医师们把新的奇迹般医疗效果的抗生素看作使细菌感染的运就解决方案，而不是再
这样的疾病上的阶段性胜利，这样做是缺乏生态学警惕性的。
permanent对interim；solution对应victory
85.The senator's attempt to convince the public that he is not interested in
running for a second term is ____ given the extremely ___ fund-raising acti
vities of his campaign committee.
futile..clandestine
sincere..visible
specious..apathetic
disingenuous..public(key)
straightforward..dubious
该参议员企图使公众相信他对在任一期不感兴趣使虚伪的，特别是他的竞选委员会公开
的筹募资金活动说明了这一点。
从第一个空上来讲，futile和disingenuous都可以；只是第二空选clandestine使得逻辑
上稍微不合理了。
86.The essays gathered in the volume are characterized by ___ that ____ thei
r disparate origins.
a standard.. undermines

a permanence..distorts
a similarity..reinforces
a unity..belies(key)
an incompatibility..disguises
收集在这一册中的文章被赋予一致特性的，这一点说明他们分散的来源使部队的。
或者同义，或者反义，这儿是反义。
87.Though he refused any responsibility for the failure of the negotiations,
Stevenson had no right to ____ himself: it was his ____ that had caused the
debacle.
blame..skill
congratulate..modesty
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,rgesse
accuse..obstinacy
absolve..acrimony(key)
尽管Stevenson拒绝承担任何关于这次协商失败的责任，他没有权力赦免他自己；就是因
为它的尖刻导致了这次协商崩溃。
Though引起一个转折，所以应该选absolve；后面好选。
88.To this reviewer, Esterman's play was a thoroughly ____ exercise: both it
s laughter and its tears seemed equally ___.
plausible.. improbable
trivial..solemn
sentimental..understated
artificial..specious(key)
creative..stilted
对于这个评论家来说，Esterman's的剧本一个彻底的虚伪的练习：它欢乐和它的眼泪两
者都同样的表面上的。
前后同意，而且seemed的意思就是表示不是原来那个意思。
89.Although a change in management may appear to ____ a shift in a company's
fortunes, more often than not its impact is _____.
hinder measurable
promote demonstrate
accelerate profound
betray fundamental
augur inconsiderable
augur inconsiderable(key)
although引起前后意思转折
尽管在管理上的一个改革可能会预测到公司命运的转变, 它的冲击是不值得考虑的
more often than not = more often；although转折
90.Journalists often described the incumbent senator as politically ____, de
spite the fact that his record had established him as a more ____ assessor o
f political possibilities and personalities than either of his opponents had
shown themselves to be.
pragmatic..efficient
opportunistic..seasoned
naive..shrewd(key)
inept..inexperienced
astute..reliable
新闻记者经常把在位的议员描述成政治上的新手，尽管这样一个事实存在，他的档案已
经使他成为一个政治事件和人格特征上的精明的顾问，而不是像他的反对者们所显示的
一样。
前后反义，naive<>shrewd
91.During a period of protracted illness, people who are sick can become inf
irm, ____ both the strength to work and many of the specific skills they onc
e possessed
regaining
denying
pursuing
insuring
losing(key)
在一段长期的病痛中，病人变得很虚弱，失去了原来具有的工作能力和很多特别的技能
。
Become infirm，losing ……一个意思。
92.For centuries animals have been used as ___ for people in experiments to
assess the effects of therapeutic and other agents that might later be used
in humans.
benef

actors
companions
examples
precedents
surrogates(key)
几个世纪以来，动物在试验中被作为人的替代者来评估医疗措施和其他方法的有效性，
这些有可能以后被用在人的身上。
动物代替人。
93.Candidates who oppose the present state income tax must be able to propos
e ____ ways to ____ the financing of state operations.
intelligent..initiate
individual..diversify
innovative..alleviate
arbitrary..maintain
alternate..continue(key)
那些反对现在的州立税收收入的候选人，必须能够挤出一个替代的方法来维持现在的政
府的经济运行。
主干: Candidates()must be able to propose()
94.Social tensions among adult factions can be ____ by politics, but adolesc
ents and children have no such ____ for resolving their conflict with the ex
clusive world of adults.
intensified .. attitude
complicated..relief
frustrated..justification
adjusted..mechanism(Key)
revealed opportunity
在成人派系种的紧张压力可以被政治所调节，但是青少年们没有这样的机制来解决他们
与排外的成人世界的冲突。
But转折，adult和adolescents对应，adjusted和resolving对应
95.Exposure to low-intensity gamma radiation slows the rate of growth of the
spoilage microorganisms in food in much the same way that the low heat used
in pasteurization ____ the spoilage action of the microorganisms in milk.
precludes
initiates
inhibits(key)
isolates
purifies
暴露在低密度的嘎玛射线中，减缓了在食品中起腐蚀作用的微生物的生长速度，这和在
巴氏杀菌法中用较低的热量来阻止在牛奶中微生物的破坏活动，基本上是一样的。
The same way所以slow和inhibit对应
96.In some cultures the essence of magic is its traditional integrity: it ca
n be efficient only if it has been ___ without loss from primeval times to t
he present practitioner.
conventionalized
realized
transmitted(key)
manipulated
aggrandized
在一些文化中，魔术的精华来自于他传统的完整性：仅仅在从古代到现代的从业者的传
送中没有损失的条件下，才能有效。
Transmit from … Too…冒号之后对前面的解释
97.Kagan maintains that an infant's rgeactions to its first stressful experi
ences are part of a natural process of development, not harbingers of childh
ood unhappiness or ____ signs of adolescent anxiety.
Prophetic(key)
normal
monotonous
virtual
typical
Kagan坚持说婴儿对于首次压力的反映部分来自于自然的发展过程，而并不是童年痛苦的
预兆，也不是青春期焦虑的预兆。
Harbinger = prophetic signs关系简单
98.Physicists rejected the innovative experimental technique because, althou
gh it ____ some problems, it also produced new ____.
clarified..data
eased..interpretatio

ns
https://www.360docs.net/doc/dd7882041.html,plications
caused..hypotheses
revealed..inconsistencies(key)
物理学家丢弃了这种新颖的试验技术，因为尽管它解决了一些问题，它也执照了一些新
的麻烦。
Although引起转折，句子总的意思是rejected …
99.Marison was a scientist of unusual ____ and imagination who had startling
success in ____ new and fundamental principles well in advance of their gen
eral recognition.
restiveness..acknowledging
precision..coordinating
aggression..resisting
candor..dispelling
insight..discerning(key)
Marison是一个有非凡洞察力和想象力的科学家，他在辨别一些新的和基础的理论并且推
动了他们的一般认识上取得了惊人的成就。
Insight，imagination大大赞扬的意思，简单。
100.Documenting science's ____ philosophy would be ____, since it is almost
axiomatic that many philosophers use scientific concepts as the foundations
for their speculations.
distrust of .. elementary
influence on ..superfluous(key)
reliance on ..inappropriate
dependence on ..difficult
differences from ..impossible

印证科学对于哲学的影响是多余的，因为很多哲学家采用科学概念作为他们研究的基础
是显而易见的。
Axiomatic和superfluous对应

--
son (son)整理

101.Her ____ should not be confused with miserliness; as long as I have kno
wn her, she has always been willing to assist those who are in need.
intemperance
intolerance
apprehension
diffidence
frugality(key)
她的节俭不能和吝啬混淆起来；据我我知，她一直很愿意帮助那些需要帮助的人。
Frugality和miserliness褒贬相对应，as long as 是一个注释
102.Although ancient tools were ___ preserved, enough have survived to allow
us to demonstrate an occasionally interrupted but generally ____ progress t
hrough prehistory
partially..noticeable
superficially..necessary
unwittingly..documented
rarely..continual(key)
needlessly..incessant
尽管古代的工具很少被保存下来，足够的工具已经保存下来使我们能够证实史前是时代
一个偶尔的中断但是一般是连续的过程。
although,引起一个转折，后面but又是一个转折
103.In parts of the Arctic, the land grades into the land fast ice so ____ t
hat you can walk off the coast and not know you are over the hidden sea.
permanently
imperceptibly(key)
irregularly
precariously
slightly
在北极的部分地区，陆地逐渐变化成和陆地一样坚硬的冰是如此的不能被察觉到，以至
于你能够沿着海滩走，但是不知道你已经在隐藏的海上了。
So… that : not know 所以前面选择so imperceptibly
104.It is puzzling to observe that Jones's novel has recently been criticize
d for its _____ structure, since commentators have traditionally argued that

its most obvious ____ is its relentlessly rigid, indeed schematic, framewor
k.
attention to.. preoccupation
speculation about.. characteristic
parody of ..disparity
violation of ..contradiction
lack of ..flaw(key)
令人吃惊的是，约翰的小说最近被批评说缺乏结构，然而，评论者传统的认为它最明显
的错误是无情的僵化，真正有系统的，有结构的。
Traditionally认为是rigid，令人吃惊的是现在lack of structure
105.The spellings of many Old English words have been ____ in the living lan
guage, although their pronunciations have changed.
Preserved(key)
shortened
preempted
revised
improved
许多旧英语中的词汇的拼写在现存的语言中被保留了下来，尽管他们的发音已经改变了
。
保留和改变相对应
106.In the machinelike world of classical physics, the human intellect appea
rs ____, since the mechanical nature of classical physics does not ____ crea
tive reasoning, the very ability that had made the formulation of classical
principles possible.
anomalous..allow for(key)
abstract..speak to
anachronistic..deny
enduring..value
contradictory..exclude
在经典物理像机器一样的世界中，人类智慧显得如此反常，因为经典物理的自然机制不
允许创造性的推理，这是一种使经典原理可能性系统化的能力。
Classical和anomalous对应，machinelike一样的经典物理，所以dose not allow for
creative reasoning
107.For some time now, _____ has been presumed not to exist: the cynical con
viction that every body has an angle is considered wisdom.
rationality
flexibility
diffidence
disinterestedness(key)
insincerity
对现代来说，无私被认为是不存在的：最疯世疾俗的想法认为没一个人都有一个角度被
认为是聪明的。
每个人都有angle，所以disinterestedness不存在
108.Unfortunately, his damaging attacks on the ramifications of the economic
policy have been ____ by his wholehearted acceptance of that policy's under
lying assumptions.
supplemented
undermined(key)
wasted
diverted
redeemed
不幸的是，他对于经济政策的分歧的毁灭性的攻击被他对该政策基本假设的全心全意的
接受推翻了。
前后意思相反，加上unfortunately的提示，选择undermined比较好!
109.The characterization of historical analysis as a form of fiction is not
likely to be received ____ by either historians or literary critics, who agr
ee that history and fiction deal with ____ orders of experience.
quietly.. significant
enthusiastically..shifting
passively..unusual
sympathetically..distinct(key)
contentiously..realistic
把历史分析描述成一种小说虚构将不会被历史学家和文学评论家同情的接受，他们都同
意历史和小说处理完全不同的经验规则。