名词所有格冠词
可数名词
名词复数的规则:
(1)一般情况,直接加-s : book_____ bag____ cat____ bed____
(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾,加-es: bus____ box____ brush____ watch____
(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i ,再加-es: family______ strawberry______
(4)以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es: knife______ thief______
(5)部分以o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es: mango______
*小学阶段遇到直接加-s的以o结尾的名词有:radio______ zoo_____ photo_____ piano______ yo-yo______
(6)不规则名词复数:
man—men, woman—women,policeman—policemen,policewoman—policewomen,child—children,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,fish—fish,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,people—people,Chinese—Chinese,Japanese—Japanese
不可数名词:表示不能个别存在的事物,如液体类,气体类的物质,少数固体类的物质(grass草,ice冰),抽象的名词(help帮助,music音乐)。不可数名词没有复
数(如some water),不能与不定冠词a或an连用。
*小学阶段遇到的不可数名词有:milk, coffee, water, tea, juice, paper, medicine, glue, hair, bread, rice
名词所有格
1.有生命的名词所有格:
(1)单数后加“‘s“ Jim’s family吉姆的一家
(2)以“s“结尾的复数名词,只需加”‘“ the twins’ parents 双胞胎的父母亲(3)不以“s“结尾的复数名词,需要加”‘s“,如 Children’s Day 儿童节
*表示两人或几人共有的物品,只需在最后一个人名后加“‘s“,如: Ben and Jim’s book 本和吉姆的书
2. 无生命的名词所有格,一般用“of“构成短语,如: a photo of his family 他家的一张照片
冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指和特指作用。
不定冠词 a, an
基本用法:
(1)表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明任何人或何物。There is ____ dog lying on the ground.
(2)表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。___ elephant is much stronger than ___man.
(3)表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。He is ___ teacher of English.
(4)表示“一”这个数量。There is ___table and four chairs in that dining-room. (5)几个用不定冠词的习语:a bit, a little, a few, a lot, a kind of, a pair of, a number of, a piece of, half an hour, have a good time, have a cold, have/take
a rest, have a fever
定冠词the的用法
定冠词the 用在可数名词的单数,复数或不可数的名词前面。
(1)表示特指的人或事物。____ man with a flower in his hand is Jack.
(2)指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。Look at ___ blackboard,Lily.
(3)复述前面提到过的人或事物。There is __ man under the tree. ____ man is called Robert.
(4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。____ earth turns around ___ sun.
(5)在序数词和形容词最高级前面。It’s ___ first day of the new term.
Of all the stars, the sun is ___ nearest to the earth.
(6)常用在乐器名称的前面。 He began to play___ violin at the age of 5.
(7)same 前一般用the。Lucy and Lily look___ same.
(8)几个用定冠词的习语: at the same time, make the bed, in the end, all the time, by the way, on the way
一些不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词(包括人名,地名,国家名)和(第一次使用的)一些不可数名词前面通常不用。_______is a very large country.(中国是个大国。) Man needs
__________.(人类需要空气和水。)
(2)星期名,月名或季节名前一般不用。He was born on _______ , _______ 18,1995.(他出生于1995年2月18日,星期一。) They usually plant trees on the hills in _______.(春天他们通常在山上植树。)
(3)三餐前不用。We have_______ at home and _______ at school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭。)
(4)节假日前一般不用。 On ________________the boys often get presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩们经常得到父母的礼物。)
(5)球类名词前不用。The children play______ on Saturday afternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球。)
(6)城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。They are now at ______________.(他们此刻在人民电影院。)
(7)“下棋,打牌“不用。play cards(打牌) play chess(下棋)