期中语法知识点

（PEP 版）七年级英语·下册 期中语法知识点

Unit 1：

1. guitar play the guitar （乐器）弹吉他play basketball （球类运动）打篮球 乐器前面要加“the ”，球类不需加“the ”

2. sing (v.) I like singing. 我喜欢唱歌。 singer 歌手

3. swim (n.) go swimming ＆ go for a swim 去游泳

4. draw (v.) drawing 动名词形式

n. 图画；素描画

5. chess play chess 不加“the ”。

6. join 及物v. join Party 入党 join army 参军（团体或组织）

不及物v. join in 参加活动；竞赛

eg: Do you want to join in the boat race? 你想参加划船大赛吗？

take part in eg: We all take part in the English evening party.

join eg: Do you want to join us?

7. be good at …擅长于…… fiction 小说

sth. English

be good at he is good at

doing sth. doing sth.

be good at … = do well in …eg: He does well in English.

He does better in English than me. 他的英语比我好。 8. write 写 writer 作家 eg: The writer often writes stories for children. 作家经常给孩子们写故事。

9. show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. eg: He shows methe book. He shows it to me. 双宾语结构双宾语结构

or 选择关系

and 递进关系

but 转折

so 因果关系 Can you play the guitar?

情态动词

①能力：I can play the guitar.

②可能：The news can be true.

③请求或许可：Can I use your book?

eg: You can play basketball on the playground. （可以）

{ {

{

Can you sing? Yes, I can.

Can she sing? Yes, she can.

Can you speak English well? No, I can ’ t.

Can he speak English well? No, he can ’ t.

Can you play basketball? No, I can ’ t.

Can she play basketball? Yes, she can.

Can they sing? Yes, they can. / No, they can ’ t.

Can you and Tom dance? Yes, we can. / No, we can ’ t.

want sth.

want to do sth.

want sb. to do sth.

adj. n.

Why not + v. ? Shall we …?

Why don ’ t you do sth.? Would you like (to do) sth.?

play cards 玩牌 Students Wanted for School Show （招聘）学校演出需要学生

实词

Can you sing or dance? 选择疑问句一般疑问句+ or +备选部分

also 用在肯定句句中

too 用在肯定句句末

also 用在 be v. 之后，用在model v. 之后，实意v. 之前。

eg: He is also a student.

He can also play basketball.

He also goes to school by bike.

He isn ’ t a student. I am not a student, either. 用在否定句句末，也不

people 集合n. 用单数形式表示复数意义

come from China. person （人，表示个体）

a person The people peoples 民族

are from China.

home 带有感情色彩

family 家人；家庭 East or west, home is best.

house 特指住所，无感情色彩东窝西窝，不如自己的狗窝。

be good with …≈ get on well with …和……相处很好

want to be ｛ { 疑问词+一般疑问句 特殊疑问句

{ {

be good to …对……好 eg: My parents are good to me.

be good for …对……有好处 eg: Eating apples is good for our healthy. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友

make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

with sth.

be busy

to do sth.

help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 in the center of 在……中央

on the weekend

on weekends

at weekends

teach sb. sth.

teach sb. to do sth.

musician 音乐家

magician

Unit 2：

describe v.

description 描述

ad: advertisement

be free 空闲的

Are you free in July? = Do you free in July? 你在七月空闲吗？

be in …在……地方

call sb.

call sb. up

ring sb. up

need 实义v.

need to do sth.

need sb. to do sth. eg: He needs to go to Hangzhou.

情态v. eg: He need go to Hangzhou.

名词+ v. -ing 复合名词

Sth. Wanted for Sth.

现在完成时：have + v. -ed

2:20 twenty past two

表示几点过几分

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分钟数≤30 用past

分钟数＞30 用to

4:35 twenty five to five

表示差25分钟到5点

1:58 two to two

分钟小时

3:25 twenty-five past two

little 表示否定

come to 来到

mustn’ t 禁止

eg: Must I finish my homework? No, you needn’ t.

不需要

You mustn’ t eat there. 你不准在这里吃。

surf the Interenet上网

8:45 a quarter to nine

8:15 a quarter past eight

What time do you go to school?

做某事的具体时间

What time ＆When 互换

get dressed 穿衣服（表示自己穿）dress oneself

eg: He gets dressed quickly. 他穿衣服很迅速。

be dressed in +衣服表示状态eg: He is dressed in a black coat.

wear 衣帽；饰物；奖章（状态）

put on 强调动作

in +颜色eg: a man in black 一个穿黑色衣服的男子

dressed up 盛装打扮eg: I want you dress up for my birthday party. take a shower = have a shower eg: He takes / has a shower every day. He showers every day.

never 一般现在时

interviewer 采访者

interviewee 被采访者

job 可数n.用于谋生的职业

work 不可数n. 脑力或体力劳动

v. eg: He works at a radio station.

I eat breakfastat seven.

①②

① What do you do at seven?

② What time do you eat breakfast?

time for 做……的时间

for sth.

It’s time

for sb. to do sth.

eg: It ’ s time for class.

It ’ s time for us to have class.

宾格 exercise 实义v.（锻炼）

锻炼（不可数v.）

可数n.

早操眼操除外 do morning / eye exercises

be late for …迟到 She sings well. She sings the best in our class.

a group of +复数n. 一组；一群 eg: A group of students are playing soccer at the playground.

half an hour 半个小时 one and a half hour 一个半小时

homework 不可数

healthier 更健康 healthy 的比较级

in the evening = at night 在晚上

for sth.

have time 有太多时间做某事

to do sth.

quickly 某动作迅速地完成 fast 动作迅速之快

soon 不久之后将发生某动作 sometimes = at times = from time to time

sometime 某时

some time 一段时间

some times 数次

eg: I ’ll come here sometime next week. 我将在下个周末的这个时候来这里。 They want to live there some time. 他们想住在那里一段时间。

当either …or …后接名词或代词后谓语动词要在名词或代词数方面保持一致。

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after 指在……之后

not at all 一点儿也不

be pleased with sth. / sb. 对……满意

home 地点adv.

have a … life 有……生活

live a … life 过着……的生活

in +大地点eg: arrive in Shanghai 去到上海

arrive

at +小地点eg: arrive at school 去到学校 give sb. a ride 捎某人一段

a minute 一会儿；片刻

wait a minute 等一会儿

I live in a far place.

I live far.

every

+可数n. 单数

each

everyday 日常的

by car = in the car Unit 3： How do you get to school? 你怎样到达学校？

on foot.

I get to school

by bus. I get to school by bike. = I ride a bike to school.

谓语 How does she get to school? She gets to school by bus.

by +交通工具单数 take + a / the +交通工具单数 It takes me 2 hours to do my homework.

形式主语主语

It takes me +一段时间+ to get to school.

spend 花费 spend + time (in) doing sth. mile 英里

live +里程数+from ……距离……多远

eg: I live 10 kilometers from school.

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stop 中间的站点

station 终点站或大站点

throw 从物体里穿过

cross 从物体表面穿过

stop to do sth.

stop doing sth.

What do you think of this book? 你认为这本书怎么样？

How do you like this book? 你认为这本书怎么样？ go on a rope way 过索道

be afraid of sth. / sb. 害怕某人/某物

be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事

be afraid + that 从句恐怕不能做某事（表示歉意）

eg: I am afraid that I can ’ t take part in your birthday party.

宾语从句

be afraid for …为……而担心 eg: I ’ m afraid for your health. 我为你的健康而担心。 be like （性格特点）像eg: She is like a mother to me. 她像我的妈妈一样。

look like 看起来像（形容长相）eg: She looks like her mother. 她看起来向她的妈妈。 like (prep.) 放在be 动词和连系动词look 之后

leave for …前往某地

leave … for …离开某地到某地

leave from …从某地离开

be going to …打算去

Here comes the bus! 公交车来了！

倒装句

There goes the bell! 铃响了！

There is +可数n. 单数/不可数n. +地点.

11-year-old 11岁的adj. 复合adj. English-speaking student

many student 学生中的大多数 many of the students 指许多学生中的一些学生

pron.

Many of us like reading.

many of +n. /pron. +人称代词

宾格

Thanks for + n. / v. -ing . →Thanks for your help / helping me. Youwant to knowhow I get to school. 从句宾语从句（陈述句从句）

主语 谓语 宾语

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Unit 4：

Don ’ t eat in class!

否定祈使句①：Don ’ t +动词原形+其它成分！

否定祈使句②：No + v. -ing ! 省略主语you

否定祈使句③：No + n.

Please don ’ t eat in class! = Don ’ t eat in class, please!

These students are breaking which rules.

Are these students breaking which rules?

reach + sp. 到达某地

must 必须

be + adj. / 介词短语！（表示一种状态）

Be quiet! be at work

I listened carefully, but I heard noting.

eg: He is at work.

in time 及时

at time = sometimes 有时；偶尔

the way to the question 答案

n. importance 重要性

eg: It ’ s important for us to know the importance of English.

对我们来说知道英语的重要性是重要的。

must 必须（主观意识）eg: I must go home. have to 不得不（客观条件）eg: It ’ s late. I have to go home.

He doesn ’ t have to go home. →He has to go home. 他不得不回家。

-Must I go home? -Yes, I must. / No, I needn ’ t.

have to 有人称、时态、数的变化 Does he have to go home? He has to go home.

run after 追赶eg: The river runs to quickly.

→listen to + n. / pron.

listen to sb. do sth. 表示听的全过程

→listen to sb. doing sth. eg: She listen to her sister crying.

hear sb. doing sth.

hear sb. do sth.

hear of 听说

hear from 得到某人消息；收到某人来信

I heard from you yesterday. →I ’ m sorry to heard that.

I have a bad cold. 我得了重感冒

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outside help 外援

put on 表示动作

dress

wear 表示穿的一种状态

get dressed dress oneself eg: His brother can dress himself.

fight with …和……打架

fight for …为……而打架

bring sth. to sp.

bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth.

a quiet girl 一个文静的女孩 noisy 反义词quite

keep quiet 保持安静

What do you have to do? 你必须做什么？

make one ’ s bed 铺床

make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

leave sth. in / at sp. 遗留某物在某地eg: Don ’ t leave your English book at home! noise →make a noise 制造噪音

I don ’ t like apples.

I don ’ t like bananas, either.

→I don ’ t like apples or bananas.

relax v. 三单 relaxes

relaxing 令人放松的

relaxed 感到放松的

read v.

reading n. do some reading 阅读 Doctor 博士

Master 硕士

bachelor 学士（本科）

too many +可数n. 复数太多

too much +不可数n. 复数太多

much too 太；非常

more 是many 的比较级（更多）

more 又；再；别的；格外的常放在some, a little, a few 以及num. 的后面 eg: I want to stay at home for two more days. 我想在家待两天。

Please give her some more.

feel v. 感觉

n. 触摸

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eg: Let me have a feel of your forehead.

额头

feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

be strict (with sb.) 对某人要求严格eg: Tony ’ s father is strict with him.

be strict in sth.对某事要求严格

remember to do sth. 记得去做某事eg: Remember to turn off the lights after school. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事

follow = obey 遵守

following adj. 紧接着的；下面的

eg: We must follow the following rules. 我们必须遵守下面的规矩。

luck n. →lucky 幸运 lucky dog 幸运儿

luckily adv.幸运地

expensive = dear 昂贵的反义词 cheap 便宜的

go to the movies 去看电影

spend time / money (in) doing sth. eg: I will spend time in studying math.

spend time / money on sth. eg: I will spend time on math.

day and night 日日夜夜

①keep sb. sth.使某人或某物保持某种状态 keep my hair short

adj.

②keep sb. doing sth.使某人处于做某事状态

I’ m sorry to keep you waiting.

③keep (on) doing 反复一直做某事

keep (on) trying

learn from… 向……学习

We should learn from Lei Feng.

Study hard and progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。

have fun = have a good time / day

get sth. for sb. 为某人去取物

get sb. sth.

It’ s best to do sth. 最好做某事 Unit 5：

laziness (n.)

smart 聪明的

clever 聪明的

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This movie is kind of / a little scary.

kind adj.和蔼的

n.种类 a kind of 一种eg: Panda is a kind of animal.

There is three kinds of fruit on the table.

many kinds of 许多种类

all kinds of 所有种类

North

北

Northwest Northeast

西北东北

West East

西东

Southwest Southeast

西南东南

South

南

neck 脖子necklace 项链

go to bed

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go to sleep 进入梦乡

Let’ s see the pandas first.

adv.

let sb. do sth.

宾格

firstly = first adv.First / Firstly, let’ s see the pandas.

Luckily, he passes the exam.

Shall we see the pandas?

Why don’ t you see the panda?

Why not see the pandas?

What / How about seeing the panda?

first adj.一流的

eg: Our school teachers are first teachers. 我们学校的老师都是一流的。

They are my favorite animals.

like sth. best What animals do you like best? / Why don’ t you like pandas?

I like pandas best.

be interested in… 对……感兴趣

be from = come from 来自于

Where are you from? = Where do you come from?

Do you come from China?

Where is he from? = Where does he come from?

Where are they from? = Where do they come from?

walk on one’ s legs / knees 用腿/膝盖走路

have = keep 饲养 a lot of = lots of 许多a lot = very much 非常Have a memory like an elephant.

bamboo 竹子

over = more than

twice 两次three times 三次

be friendly / kind to… 对……友好的

和蔼的

friendly (adj.) be friendly with… 与……关系好

good-looking = beautiful 反义词ugly 丑陋的

be in great danger 处于极大的危险之中out of danger 脱离危险dangerous adj.危险的

Let’ s Save the Elephant

实词

save… from… 救……于……当中

I saved many people from flood.

save money 省钱save water 节约水

one of + n. 复数+谓语动词单数

a symbol of… ……的象征

friendship 友谊 a symbol of friendship 友谊的象征

main idea 大意；主旨

forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事

forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事

a long time 一段时间

get lost 迷路

a lostwatch一块丢失的手表

adj. n.

a drop water一滴水

n.

water v. 浇水eg: My mom is watering the flowers.

in place of = in stead of 代替

①cut up = cut into pieces 切碎

v. + adv.

cut up the applecut the meat cut the meat up

接代词，it ，them cut it up cut them up

②cut sth. in / into… 把某物切成……

cut the meat into piece cut the apple in to halves

into 表示切的很碎

in 表示切出一个形状

adj.

want to be +

n.

make sb. do sth.

at least 至少 at most 最多

safe adj.安全的safety n.

over = more eg: There are over 40 students in our class.

over 正上方，两物体之间无接触

above 上方，两物体之间无接触

on 在……上方，两物体之间有接触 things made of ivory

后置定语

be made of ：看得出制作的原材料eg: The things are made of ivory. be made from ：看不出来制作的原材料

wood 木材 woods 森林

The desk is made of wood. （能看出来原材料）

This piece of paper is made from wood. （看不出来原材料）

be made in 被动语态在……制造eg: This pen is made in China. a pen is made in China

后置定语 Iknow that there is a school is near here.

宾语从句

-Is n’ t she beautiful?

- Yes, she is. 不，她美。

- No , she isn’t. 是，她不美。

arrive at = get to = reach 到达

enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事

finish doing sth. 完成做某事

{

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in +大地点

leave sth.

at +小地点 leave 可以加地点，而forget 不能加地点。

on duty 值日

go 三单goes 过去式went 过去分词gone

The watch is lost.

The watch is missing.

The watch is gone.

lose heart 灰心 lose oneself in (doing) sth.专心致志于（做）某事 lose face 丢脸

lose one’ s way 迷路

lose one’ s life 丧命

be lost in (doing) sth. 专注（做）某事

had better do sth. 最好做某事

不定代词：adj. + n.sth. / anything + adj.

Unit 6：

use n.用途eg: The doing dictionary has many uses.

It’ s no use doingsth. 做某事是没用的

eat soup 喝汤

do the dishes = wash the dishes 刷碗

movie = film 电影

game 指一般性的比赛

race 速度性的比赛

province 省

主语+be(am, is, are) + v. -ing I am watching TV.

①②

否定句：I am not watching TV .

一般疑问句：Are you watching TV?

对划线部分提问：①Who is watching TV?

②What are you doing? He is reading a newspaper.

否定句：He isn ’ t reading a newspaper.

{

{

一般疑问句：Is he reading a newspaper?

对划线部分提问：What is he doing? They are making soup.

否定句：They aren ’ t making soup.

一般疑问句：Are they making soup?

对划线部分提问：What are they doing?

v. + -ing

以“e ”结尾，且不发音，去e +ing

以“ie ”结尾，变ie 为y+ing

以重读闭音节结尾，双写结尾字母 swim →swimmingget →getting cut →cuttingsit →sitting put →puttingrun →running

begin →beginningshop →shopping sound n. 声音eg: Where is the sound from?

V oice of China 中国好声音

嗓音

knock 敲

- There is a knock at the door.

- It maybe Jim.

- Who is singing in the classroom?

- It maybe Mary.

join sb. for sth. 与某人一起做某事eg: Do you want tojoin me for coffee? I’ d love to. = I would like / love to.

on the playground 在操场上

man (n. ) man teacher woman teacher eg: There are 20 women teachers in our school.

people +谓语动词复数 some people / any people

a people 一个民族 peoples 多个民族作为民族的时候有单复数 a person 一个人（有单复数） What time is it in Beijing? = What’ s the time in Beijing?

to do sth.

It’ s time for sth.

for doing sth. A student is from Shenzhen.

谓语 (A student) from Shenzhen. 短语

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(things) made of ivory

The things are made of ivory.

study n. 书房

make sb. to do sth. = ask sb. to do sth. boat races 比速度 runningraces 比速度 football games 一般性的比赛

“any ”用在肯定句中意为“任何的”，后加名词单数。

eg: You can take any book you like.

any 用在否定句＆疑问句中

可数n. 复数 any

一些不可数n.

I have some English books.

可数n. Do you have any English book?

I don’ t have any English book.

I have no books.

→I don’ t have any books.

I have no book.

→I don’ t have a book.

not any

no =

a

①the other 两者当中的另一个 one is… , the other is…一个是……，另一个是……

②其余的（人或物）

som e… , some… , others…

others = other + n.

adj. another boy

(1) another

pron.

eg: I don’ t like this one, please give me another.

其余的人或物 some … , the other + n. 复数 两者当中的另外一个

one … , the other…

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(2)the other

eg: The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.

(3)others 其余的人或物

eg: I don’ t like this book. I want to read some others.

other books

others = other + n. the others =the other + n.hers = her book the young 特指年轻人

the old 特指老年人

the rich 特指有钱人

the poor 特指穷人

read sth. to sb. 为某人某物

children 单数 child Children ’ s Day

Teacher s’ Day

n.

pron.

miss n.

错过 pron.

v. -ing

catch the bus 赶公交车

He missed catching the bus.

He missed the bus.

wish to do sth. 希望做某事

wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事

wish sb. sth.希望某人某事

wish you good luck 希望你好运

wish + that 从句（虚拟语气）

hope to do sth. 后不能接sb.

hope +宾语从句

eg: I hope that you can pass the exam.

I wish you could pass the exam.

Best wishes to you!

call sb. up = ring sb. up = call sb.

get sth. for sb. 从某人那儿得到什么

take medicine 吃药

hungry 饿了 angry 生气

journalist = report 记者

begin = start 开始

{ {想念 {