名师点睛：Unit2常考点归纳解析

目标认知

重点词汇

compete, admit, magical, interview, replace, bargain, deserve

重点短语

take part in, stand for, used to, as well, in charge,

重点句型

1. 祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句

2. 介词+名词从句

3. so...that...句型

4. 过去分词作状语

5. 原级比较级句型

知识讲解

重点词汇

compete

【原句回放】How many countries competed in t he ancient Olympic Games? 有多少个国家参加了古代奥运会？

【点拨】compete vi. 比赛，竞争

compete in 在……比赛中竞争

Who could compete in the Olympics? 什么样人可以参加奥运会？

compete against/with 与……竞赛

He thought that nobody could compete with him. 他认为没人能跟他抗衡。

We can’t compete against them on price.我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。

compete for 为……而竞赛

These young men competed for the gold med al. 这些年轻人为夺取金牌而比赛。

Young children will usually compete for their mother’s attention.

小孩子通常都会在母亲面前争宠。

【拓展】competition n. 竞赛

competitor n. 竞赛者

competitive adj. 竞争的

admit

【原句回放】Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. 只有达到他们各自项目的统一标准的运动员才会被允许参加奥运会。

【点拨】admit vt. 接纳；允许进入（某组织、机构、单位等），常与介词to/ into 连用。

be admitted to/into... 被允许/接纳进入……

He was admitted to Beijing University, which made his parents very happy.

他被北大所录取，这使他父母非常高兴。

admit vt. 允许进入（地区或场地）

The ticket will admit you to the concert. 凭这张票你可以去听音乐会。

admit vt. 承认（错了、坏了等），后接名词、动名词或从句。

Don’t be afraid to admit your mistakes. 不要怕认错。

vt. 容许有；有……的余地（后接介词of，其主语为事物）

The meeting admits of no delay 这次会议不得迟误。

注意：admit后接动名词作宾语，不接不定式。

admit＋doing/having done sth.承认做了某事

admit ... to be.. .承认……为……

be admitted as... 作为……被接受

magical

【原句回放】...has come on a magical journey on March 18th, 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games.... 在2007年3月18日进行了一次魔幻旅行，以搞清现代奥运会的有关问题。

【点拨】magical adj.（像）魔法的，奇妙的

I used to believe my mother had magical powers.

我以前一直相信我母亲有奇妙的魔力。

Then one day a magical thing occurred. 一天一件不可思议的事情发生了。

magically adv.魔法似地，不可思议地

magic n.魔法

magician n. 魔术师

interview

【原句回放】He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games. 他正在采访一个叫李彦的2008奥运会志愿者。

【点拨】interview vt. （记者等）采访，访问

We must interview the Minister of Education about the policy.

我们必须就这项政策采访教育部长。

interview vt. 与……面试，面谈

We interviewed 8 people for the job. 我们对谋求这份工作的八个人进行了面试。interview n. 面试；（两人之间的）会晤

Don’t be late for your job interview. 求职面试不能迟到。

a TV interview 电视采访；give an interview 接受采访

interviewee n. 被接见者，被采访者

interviewer n.主持面试者，接见者，采访者

replace

【原句回放】So even the olive wreath has been replaced! 就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！

【点拨】replace vt.代替；取代；替换

take the place of ＝replace 取代，代替

replace A with/by B 用B代替/替换A

Nothing can replace a mother’s love.什么都无法取代母爱。

The door was broken, so we replaced it with/b y a new one.

这门坏了，所以我们换上了新门。

replace vt.放回原地

He picked them up and replaced them in the bag. 他把它们捡了起来, 放回包里。I’ll replace the cup I broke. 我会赔偿我打碎的杯子。

bargain

【原句回放】Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain with him. 她的父亲说她必须嫁人，于是亚特兰大就和父亲达成了协议。

【点拨】bargain vi.讨价还价，讲条件；n. 便宜货；协议；

bargain with sb. about/ over/ for sth. 和某人讨价还价/商谈条件

She hated to bargain with the fisherman about the price.

她不喜欢和渔夫讨价还价。

make a bargain with sb. 与某人达成协议，与某人商谈条件

a real bargain 便宜货

The coat is a real bargain at such a low price.

这件外套售价这么低，真是便宜货。

deserve

【原句回放】Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? 你认为希波墨涅斯应该赢得这次比赛吗？

【点拨】deserve vi . vt. 意为“应受（报答或惩罚）；值得”。

deserve attention/consideration 值得注意/考虑

After all that hard work, you deserve a holiday. 辛苦工作后，你理应有个假期。

deserve to do... 值得做……，应该……

They certainly deserved to win that match. 他们当然应该赢得那场比赛。

deserve doing...= deserve to be done 值得被……

这份报告值得认真考虑。

The report deserves careful consideration.

＝The report deserves to be considered carefully.

＝The report deserves careful considering.

重点短语

take part in

【原句回放】Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games? 谁不能参加古代奥运会?

【点拨】take part in 参加, 参与……活动

John takes part in many school activities. 约翰参加很多学校里的活动。

Did you take part in the fighting? 你参与打架了吗？

【拓展】take part in, join, attend辨析

take part in侧重参加某项群众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。

join为普通用词，指加入党派、团体或某群人当中等，并成为其中一员。

attend侧重参加或出席会议或学术活动等。并不强调参加者在活动中起的作用，比如attend school, attend a lecture。

stand for

【原句回放】What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for? 奥运会会旗上的五环代表什么？

【点拨】stand for 代表，象征，表示；拥护，支持

Dictatorship stands for the denial of individual freedom. 独裁意味着否定个人自由。

I stand for freedom of speech for everyone. 我主张人人都有言论自由。

【拓展】stand 构成的短语：

stand aside 站开；让开stand back 退后

stand by 袖手旁观stand off 疏远

stand out 杰出stand over 延期

stand up for sth. 支持、维护

used to 过去常常

【原句回放】...and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。

【点拨】used to do/be 表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不再如此。在肯定句中，表示现在已经不再发生、不复存在的过去的行为或存在的状态。

There used to be a building there. 那里曾经有座大楼。

used to通常只能跟不定式，但偶尔也能跟进行时，意思一样。

He used to be always making jokes. 他过去总爱开玩笑。

在疑问句、否定句或强调句中，可以有两种形式：

Used you to go to work by bike? /Did you use to go to work by bike?

你过去常骑车上班吗？

在反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：

John used to be very fat, didn't he/usedn't he? 约翰曾经很胖，是吗。

【拓展】be/get/become used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

be used to do sth. “被用来做……”，是被动语态。

as well

【原句回放】For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well.

每届运动会都有一个特殊的村庄（奥运村）供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。

【点拨】as well意为“也，又，还”，为固定短语。常用于口语，多用在句末。

I’m going to visit my aunt and my brother is going as well. 我要去看望姑姑，我哥也要去。

as well as “如同……一样好”，同级比较；“ 既……又……；不但……而且…… ”，为并列连词，连接并列结构：

Many students as well as Tom were present at the meeting.

汤姆和许多学生都参加了会议。(连接两个主语，谓语动词与前面主语在数上保持一致)

Our English teacher is friendly as well as kind to us.

英语老师对我们既亲切又友好。(连接两个表语形容词)

He grows flowers as well as vegetables. 他既种菜也种花。(连接两个宾语)

in charge

【原句回放】I duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong. 如果事情出了问题，要负责并且还有麻烦。

【点拨】charge vt.& vi. 收费；要价；控诉；委托；充电

charge sb. some money for (doing) st h. 为……收费/要价……；

How much/What do you charge for mending shoes? 修鞋要多少钱？

charge sb. with sth. 指控某人犯有……罪

He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。

He charged me to arrange everything. 他要我去安排一切事务。

He is charging a storage battery. 他在为蓄电池充电。

charge n.费用，价钱，主管

in charge 主管；看管

in charge of 负责，主管(表示主动)；照料

in one’s charge＝in the charge of sb. 由……主管(含被动意义)

take charge of 负责；掌管。

重点句型

祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句

【原句回放】I will marry Atlanta—or die! 我要和亚特兰大结婚，要不就去死！【点拨】or＝otherwise“否则；不然的话”，相当于if not。这时候前一句话常使用祈使句结构，表示条件。

Turn the heat down or your cake will burn. 把热度调低吧, 要不蛋糕就要糊了。

祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，相当于if引导的条件状语从句。还可以用简短的形式表示，即省略动词。

Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（祈使句）

= One more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（名词短语）

再给我一小时，我就能完成工作。

One more effort and you will succeed. 再努力点，你会成功的。

介词+名词从句

【原句回放】I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。

【点拨】句中what引导的从句做介词in的宾语。

what引导名词性从句时，what在从句中做成分，并且可以充当介词的宾语。

The children were interested in whatever they saw. 孩子们对所见到的一切都感兴趣。

I didn’t hear what my mother said because my brother was making a noise.

我没有听到妈妈所说的话，因为我弟弟很吵闹。

【拓展】that引导的名词从句只能在in, but, except等少数动词后，不能省略，形成固定搭配：in that 在于……；but that 要不是……；except that 除了……。同时，并不是except后的从句都用that引导，根据词义也可以用what, when, how, where, whether引导。

Except where expressly stated otherwise a notice under this agreement shall only be effective if it is in writing. 除非在本协议中另外作出的明确的规定，只有书面作出的通知才是有效的通知。

The suit fitted him well except that the color was a little brighter.

除色彩艳了一点儿外，这套衣服很适合他。

so...that...句型

【原句回放】She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.

她非常生气，就对她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何一个跑不过她的男人。

【点拨】句中使用了so...that...句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，so后跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句。在口语中，此句型中的that可以省略。常见的句型结构有：

so＋adj./adv.＋that

so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that ＝such a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that

so few/many＋pl.＋that

so little/much＋[U]n.＋that （注意little在此句型中的含义为“少”，而不是“小”。）When the football fans saw Beckham, they got so excited that they cried out.

当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。

He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.

他所受教育很少，不适合做这个工作。

There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building. 街上有那么多人观看大火，以至于消防队员无法接近大楼。

注意：当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，so ... that ...可以与be ... enough to do转换；当从句为否定句时，可以与too ... to ... 或be not ... enough to do转换。

【拓展】such...that作“如此……以致”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句，与so...that意思相同，但用法不同。在so...that这一结构中，so后边可加形容词或副词，而such后边要用名词，这个名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带。

He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.

他非常聪明，大家都非常喜欢他。

They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.

这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。

过去分词作定语

【点拨】句中reach作及物动词，意为“达到”。

reach a conclusion 达成结论

We can never reach perfection. 我们永远达不到完美。

另外，agreed standard为过去分词作定语，过去分词作定语在高中教材中随处可见。单个过去分词作定语往往放在被修饰名词或代词的前面；过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰词的后面。

the injured workers 受伤的工人们

fallen leaves 落叶

the money raised at the evening 那天晚上筹集的钱

for example, for instance, such as, like辨析

【原句回放】Instead there are competitions like skiing and ice skating which need snow and ice.

但是却有像滑冰和滑雪这类需要冰雪的比赛项目。

【点拨】for example强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。

Many countries, for example, Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes. 很多国家，如墨西哥和日本，地震很多。

for example 和for instance的区别很小，for instance更加书面化和学究化。在严

谨的学术上用的更多些。

We need to rethink the way we consume energy. Take, for instance, our approach to transport.

我们需要重新考虑能源消耗方式，比如我们的运输方法。

such as用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但其后边不能用逗号。

Some of the European languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish.

一些欧洲语言，比如法语、意大利语和西班牙语，来源于拉丁语。

like也常用来表示举例，可与such as互换。注意：such as用于举例时可以分开使用，这时不与like互换。

Some warm-blooded animals like/such as the cat, the dog or the wolf, do not need to hibernate. 一些温血动物，像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。

原级比较句型

【原句回放】There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. 国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的比赛跟争夺奥运奖牌一样地激烈。

【点拨】as...as意为“和……一样”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as 为副词，第二个as为连词。其基本结构为：(倍数) as+ adj./ adv. +as；其否定式为not as/so +adj./ adv. +as。

The tree is as tall as the building (is). 这棵树和这栋楼一样高。

Alice runs as fast as John. 爱丽丝和约翰跑得一样快。

It is as much your fault as your wife’s．你的过错和你妻子的一样多。

We’ve produced twice as much cotton this year as we did last year.

我们今年生产的棉花是去年的两倍。

I don’t want as expensive a car as this. 我不想要这么贵的一辆车。

记忆句型：两个as分两边，其他内容在中间；

中间内容并不难，形容原级在最前；

名词结构放后面，其前有冠等来限。