英语精品教案：大纲版第二册上Unit5 The British Isles(名师导课)

Reference for Teaching

I. 异域风情

1. Newspapers in Britain

If you get on a bus or catch a train in Britain, especially during the morning and evening “rush hour” ,when most people travel to and from work, you will see a lot of people with their heads in a newspaper. More daily newspapers, national and regional, are sold in Britain than in most other developed countries. On an average day two out of three people over the age of 15 read a national morning paper; about three out of four read a Sunday paper. There are about 135 daily papers and Sunday papers,2 000 weekly papers and nearly 100 papers produced by members of ethnic minorities (60 of which are Asian papers). A lot of people buy a morning paper, an evening paper and a couple of Sunday papers so it is not surprising to learn that national newspapers have a circulation of 15.8 million copies on weekdays and 17.9 million on Sundays.[来源:Z。xx。https://www.360docs.net/doc/e34854467.html,]

The press caters for a variety of political views, interests and levels of education. Papers are generally divided into “quality” papers which are serious with long, informative articles, and “popular” papers known as tabloids because of their smaller size. Tabloids are less serious and contain more human interest stories than news. In the 1980s a new quality paper, the independent, and a new tabloid, today, were introduced. Today had pictures and pages in colour and that started a fashion; now most tabloids are in colour. Newspapers are almost always finan cially independent of any political party. Nevertheless, during general election campaigns many papers recommend their readers to vote for a particular political party. The paper's editor usually writes an open letter called a 'leader' to the readers.

Ownership of the national, London and regional daily newspapers is concentrated in the ha nds of large press publishing groups. In the early 1990s the government's Broadcasting Bill aimed to pass laws to prevent too much media ownership being in the hands of one individual or organisation.

2. Broadcasting

BBC radio and television and the independent companies broadcast a variety of drama, opera, ballet and music, as well as general arts magazine programmes and documentaries. These have won many international awards at international television festivals. In- dependent television companies also make grants for arts promotion in their regions.

Broadcasting is a major medium for making the arts available to the public and is a crucial source of work for actors, musicians, writers, composers, technicians and others in the arts world. It has created its own forms--nothing like arts documentaries or drama series, for instance, exists in any other medium. Broadcasters commission and produce a vast quantity of new work. Television and radio provide critical debate, information and education about the arts.

The BBC has five orchestras, which employ many of Britain's full-time professional musicians. Each week it broadcasts about 150 hours of classical and

other music (both live and recorded)on its Radio 3 (FM)channel. BBC Radio 1 （FM)broadcasts rock and pop music, along with a range of other program- ming,24 hours a day, and a large part of the output of BBC Radio 2 (FM)is popular and light music. There are at present two national commercial radio stations which broadcast music：

· Classic FM, which broadcasts mainly classical music；and

·Virgin 1215,which plays broad-based rock music.

Much of the output of Britain's local radio stations consists of popular and light music,

The BBC regularly commissions new music, particularly by British composers, and sponsors concerts, competitions and festivals. Each summer it presents and broadcasts the BBC Promenade Concerts(the‘ Proms'), the world's largest music festival, at the Royal Albert Hall.

II．知识归纳

1．“同意与不同意”常用句式归纳

(1)常用句式

①表示同意的常用句式：

Certainly/Sure/Of course.

Yes, please.

Yes, I think so.

That's true.

All right/OK.

No problem.

That's a good idea.

It's a good idea to/that…

I/We agree(with you).

I agree to…/that clause…

②表示不同意的常用句式：[来源:学.科.网]

No, I don't think so.

I'm afraid not.

I'm afraid I(really)can't agree with you.

(2)日常交际用语

②询问是否同意

Do you agree(with me)/think so?

Don't you agree/think/feel…?

You agree with me, wouldn't you?[来源:https://www.360docs.net/doc/e34854467.html,]

Can I ask if you agree with/to…?

I wonder if you agree(that)…

Yes, I agree with you.

I agree completely/entirely/totally.

(I think) You are right/exactly r ight.

That's what I think/was thinking.

Surely it must be…

That's just how I feel.

That's my opinion, too.

So do(am, have, can) I.

③表示部分同意

Yes．you are right，but…

I'm afraid you're right／it’s true．

I'm afraid I have to agree．

Maybe/Perhaps you're right．

That's a possibility．

I see your opinion．

I hadn't thought of that．

④表示完全不同意

H don't／can't agree(with you)．

I really can't agree(with you)．

I don't think you are right／that's right．

I can't accept that．

You must be joking!／Don't be silly．

You must be mistaken．

No．you are wrong thinking that…

Ⅱdon't think so．

⑤表示委婉不同意

I'm afraid you are wrong．

I'm afraid I disagree／can't agree…

I'm sorry，but]don't／can't agree(with you)．

I'm not sure about that…

I'm not sure I agree…

I see what you mean．but…

I thought it was good．but…

I may be wrong．

You could be right．but…

2．形容词三级前的冠词使用情况归纳

(1)原级

①泛指的单数名词前用不定冠词修饰，特指的名词前用定冠词修饰。

e．g．This is an easy job．You can do it by yourself．

Joan jumped with joy at the good news．

②若单数可数名词前有how, so, too，as时．不定冠词应放在这些词后，名词前。

e．g．How clever a boy he is!

This is too small a room to live in．

I don't think English is as difficult a language as Russian．

③same必须和the连用

c．g．Men and women now get the same pay for doing the same job．

④形容词前加the．表示一类人，谓语动词用复数；表示一类事物，谓语动词用单数。 e．g．The young must respect the old．

The rich are not always generous to the poor．

The beautiful gives pleasure to au of us．

(2)比较级

①根据上下文，省略了比较状语．且形容词后有名词或替代词one。形容词比较级前用不定冠词。

The coat is a bit longer．Give me a smaller one’ please．

②表示“两者中一者比另一者……”时．比较级前用定冠词the，常见句式有：

n．is the+比较级o{the two+n．

Which／Who is the+比较级。A or B?

e．g．Which is the more interesting of the two books?[来源:学科网][来

源:Z§xx§https://www.360docs.net/doc/e34854467.html,]

Who is the taller．Li Ping or Wang Fei?

③the more…the more…句型

e．g．The more he can do．the happier he will be．

The more，the better．

④形容词的比较级和否定副词连用，表示最高级意义时，比较级前用不定冠词．

e．g. He had never spent a more worrying day．He would never forget it．一Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic?

一一Yes．You c ouldn't hope for a nicer day at this time of the year．

(3)最高级

①形容词最高级前一般用定冠词the[来源:https://www.360docs.net/doc/e34854467.html,]

e．g．The Yellow River is the second longest river is China．

This is the best film]have ever seen．

②最高级前加不定冠词，相当于“very+原级”

e．g. This is an easiest question．You will work it out．

③最高级前有very或much修饰时，注意其位置。即：the very+最高级；mu ch the+最高级

e．g．That was the very worst that could have happened．

This is much the best of the books。

3．be of+”。的用法

在英语中,我们常见到“be o f+n．”结构。介词短语“of+n．”在句子中常作表语或定语．用来说明人或事物的性质和特征，该结构常用于以下几种情况：

(1)“be+o f +抽象名词”。该结构相当于“be+抽象名词的同根形容词”结构，用于此结构的名词常见的有：value，use，help，importance, interest, honour，courage, significance等，在这些名词前可以用great，some， any，much，little．no等词来修饰． e．g．The book is of great help．；7he book is very helpful．

这本书很有帮助。

The medicine is of no use．=The medicine is useless．

这药无效。

(2)“be of+n．”结构，可以用来表示种类、数量、度量、颜色、形状等。表示主语在这方面相同，其主语可以是人也可以是物。用于该结构中的名词通常为age，size，length，depth。width，weight。height，kind，sort，type， colour，shape，price，opinion，mind等，该名词前可以与不定冠词a／an或形容词连用。常用于以下两种结构：

①be of+adj. +n．=be+adj．+in+单数名词

e．g. Coins may be of different sizes。

=Coins may be different in size．

硬币可能大小不同。

②be of+a／an+单数名词=be the same+单数名词

e. g．They are both of an age．

=They are the same age．

他们两个同岁。

Ⅲ．词语辨析

1．Feed…to，feed…on／with，feed on

这三个词组都有“喂食”的意思，但注意它们的区别。

(1)feed…to的意思是“用(食物)喂养(某人或物)”，此结构为：feed sth．to sb．／animal

e．g．Please feed some grass to the cow．

请喂牛些草。

The woman was feeding milk to the baby．

那女人正在给小孩喂牛奶。

(2)feed…on／with的意思也是“用(某物)作为食物喂养(某人或物)”，不同的是feed 宾语是表示人或物的名词，with或on的宾语是食物名词，此结构为：feed sb．／animal on ／with sth．

e．g．The child was feeding the monkey with a banana．

那孩子正用香蕉喂猴子。

What do you feed your horse on?

你用什么喂马?

(3)feed on与live on同义，意思是“以……为食”。但feed on主要用来指动物，live on主要用来指人。

e．g．Cattle feed chiefly on grass．

牛主要以草为食。[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]

People in the south live on rice．

南方人以大米为食。

She lives on a small salary．

她靠微薄的工资生活。

2．in common。in general’ in particular，in short

(1)in common(with)“与……有共同处”

e．g．They have nothing in common with one another。[来源:学§科§网] 他们相互毫无共同之处。

The two brothers have much／a lot in common,

那兄弟俩有很多共同点。

(2)in general“大体上、通常、一般说来”。

e．g．]n general boys like sports more than girls．

一般说来，男孩子比女孩子更喜欢运动。

(3)in particular=particularly特别、尤其

e．g．H noticed his eyes in particular, because they were very big．我特别注意他的眼睛，因为那双眼睛很大。

(4)in short简而言之，总之

e．g．The man, in short, is not to be trusted．

总之,那个人是不可信任的。

3．know．know of，know about, be known as．be known for，be known to

(1)know sth．／sb．意思是“(直接地)获知．懂得；认识，熟悉”。

e．g．It's useful to know a foreign language．

懂一门外语是有用的。

How long have you known him?

你认识他多久了?

(2)know o{／about s b．／sth．意思是“(间接地)获知，听说……了解”。

c．g. I know of／about him，but I don't know him。

我听说过他，但不认识他。

I knew about／of that last week．

我上星期听说过那件事。

(3) be known as…意思是“作为……而出名”．as所接的宾语是主语的同位成分5be known for…意为是“因……而出名” be known to……。意思是“为……熟知”，to的宾语往往是人。它们的用法分别与be famous as／for／to…相似。

e．g．She is known as a successful singer．

她以成功的歌唱家而出名。

Shanxi Province is known for its coal．

山西以煤而出名。

She is known to an of us．

我们都熟悉她。

Ⅳ．能力训练

1．将两个句子合成一个句子(用名词性从句)

(1)The message is that he will come tomorrow.

I know the message．

答案：I know the message that he will come tomorrow．

(2)The ne ws is that the president will come to China in a few days．

The news is known to all of us．

答案：The news that the president will come to China in a few days is known to an of us．

(3)I have got an idea。

The idea is that we should start early．

答案：I have got an idea that we should start early。[来源:Z,xx,https://www.360docs.net/doc/e34854467.html,]

(4)7he doubt is whether he will come to our help．

I still have the doubt．

答案：I still have the doubt whether he will come to our help．

(5)I know the fact．

The fact is that he has gone to Beijing。

答案：I know the fact that he has gone to Beijing.

2．单句改错

(1)Where will they go is to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting．

答案：“will they”应改为“they will”。因为这是个主语从句，应用陈述句语序。[来源:学科网ZXXK]

(2)If th ey have reached Shanghai is not known yet．

答案：“If”改为“Whether”。在宾语从句中，if和whether常可互换，但在主语从句、

表语从句和同位语从句中，只能用whether。

(3)7he news they had won the game surprised us．

答案：在they前加“that”。that引导宾语从句时常可省略，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。本句中that引导同位语从句。

(4)They don't know what they do next．

答案：do前加will。本句意为；他们不知道接下来该做什么，用一般将来时。或者将“they”改为to。把宾语从句简化为“What to do”结构。

(5)It is known to us an，the earth is smaller than the sun．

答案：“It”改为“As”。as引导非限制性定语从句，或者将“，”改为“that”。that 引导主语从句。it为形式主语。

(6)The reason why he was late for school was because he got up late．

答案：“because”改为“that”。因本句型结构为“The reason…i s that…”，that 引导表语从句。

(7)7his is a fact that English is widely used as an international language．

答案：“This”改为“i t”．在本句中“i t”为形式主语。形式主语、形式宾语只用it，而不能用“this” or“that”。

(8)That you need is more practice．

答案：“That”改为“What”。因为“that”引导名词性从句时。只起引导作用，不作句子成分．而在这个主语从句中，缺少need的宾语．所以用what引导。