新概念英语第四册第十五单元语法和句型(教学用)

新概念英语第四册第十五单元语法和句型(教学用)
新概念英语第四册第十五单元语法和句型(教学用)

新概念英语第四册第十五单元语法和句型

Lesson 15 Secrecy in industry 工业中的秘密

Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific in industry. One is the general atmosphere of secrecy in which it is carried out, the other the lack of freedom of the individual research worker. In so far as any inquiry is a secret one, it naturally limits all those engaged in carrying it out from effective contact with their fellow scientists either in other countries or in universities, or even, often enough, in other departments of the same firm. The degree of secrecy naturally varies considerably. Some of the bigger firms are engaged in researches which are of such general and fundamental nature that it is a positive advantage to them not to keep them secret. Yet a great many processes depending on s uch research are sought for with complete secrecy until the stage at which patents can be taken out. Even more processes are never patented at all but kept as secret processes. This applies particularly to chemical industries, where chance discoveries play a much larger part than they do in physical and mechanical industries. Sometimes the secrecy goes to such an extent that the whole nature of the research cannot be mentioned. Many firms, for instance, have great difficulty in obtaining technical or scientific books from libraries because they

are unwilling to have their names entered as having taken out such and such a book for fear the agents of other firms should be able to trace the kind of research they are likely to be undertaking. (NCE Book Four)

【语法点】平行结构句第二分句中的省略

【课文原句】One is the general atmosphere of secrecy in which it is carried out, the other the lack of freedom of the individual research worker.

【闯关例句】

我们的教室在二楼,他们的在三楼。

Our classroom is on the second floor and theirs, the third floor.

她教中学,她的丈夫教大学。

teaches

布景很漂亮,演技也很好。

Setting is beautiful, and the acting, good

Scenery

读书使人知识渊博;谈论使人处事机敏;写作使人判断精准。(Francis Bacon)

reading makes a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.

有些书宜浅尝;有些书宜狼吞;有些则宜细嚼之后消化之。(Francis Bacon)

some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some fewer to be chewed and digested.

人欺我一次,此人可耻;欺我两次,我可耻。

If a man cheats me once, shame on him; if twice, shame on me.

如果你是主人,偶尔要装瞎;如果是佣人,偶尔要装聋。

If you are a master, sometimes be blind; if a servant, sometimes be deaf.

有一个星期一我们进行了检查。詹妮在白天,我是在下班以后。

On one Monday we went through the test. Jenny had hers in the day and I mine after the work

检验黄金者炉火,检验女人者黄金,检验男人者女人。

The proof of gold is fire; the proof of women, gold and the proof of men, women.

他是1989年的冠军,而鲍勃是1990年的冠军。

汤姆学历史,我则学电脑。

Tom majors in history and I in computer

【语法点】either…or引出的平行结构

【课文原句】In so far as any inquiry is a secret one, it naturally limits all those engaged in carrying it out from effective contact with their fellow scientists either in other countries or in universities, or even, often

enough, in other departments of the same firm.

【闯关例句】

Instead, we must rely either on supplementary text and images, or most often on previous knowledge and experience ________(或者更常用到的是以前的知识和体验).

Engineers may want to understand the inner workings, but most users do not have this kind of desire or time ________(没有这种渴望,也没有时间).

The selection a user makes on the menu ________(要么立即生效,要么会调出一个对话框).

Either takes immediate effect or calls u p a dialog box

【语法点】such…that…引出的结果状语从句

【课文原句】(1)Some of the bigger firms are engaged in researches which are of such general and

fundamental nature that it is a positive advantage to them not to keep them secret.

(2)Sometimes the secrecy goes to such an extent that the whole nature of the research cannot be mentioned.

【闯关例句】

such…that…引导四种不同的句子结构:

1. such a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句。例如:

这是一本很好的书,我们大家都喜欢读一读。

天气这么好,没有人愿意呆在家里不出去。

这是一部很有意思的电影,我看了两次。

2. such+形容词+复数名词+that从句。例如:

他的胳膊很长,几乎就能够到他的膝盖。

他们都是很好的学生,老师喜欢他们。

3. such+(形容词)+不可数名词+that从句,例如:

这本书是用简单的英语写成的,连初学者都能看懂。

昨天天气很好,我们去游泳了。

Such fine weather

4. one (no, any, all, many, some, several, 等)+such+可数名词+that从句。例如:

有这么多的好书,我无法决定选择哪一本。

关于这个短语,他举了好几个这样的例句,我们终于完全弄懂了。

The damage was such that it would cost too much money to repair. 损坏得很严重, 要用很多钱才能修好。His kindness was such that we will never forget him. 他待人那么厚道,我们永远不会忘记他。

His behavior was such that everyone disliked him. 他的行为太不象话,(以致)谁都讨厌他。

The weather is such that we had better not plant out the flowers for some time. 这样的天气,我们还是暂缓把花移种出去。

【语法点】连词for fear that的用法

【课文原句】Many firms, for instance, have great difficulty in obtaining technical or scientific books from libraries because they are unwilling to have their names entered as having taken out such and such a book for fear the agents of other firms should be able to trace the kind of research they are likely to be undertaking.

【闯关例句】

in case

for fear (that) should might

lest

subjunctive mood

He jotted the address down for fear (that) __________(以免忘记).

Be careful for fear (that) __________(不要被误会了).

Mother forbade the boys to wrestle __________(怕他们撕破衣服).

He worked hard __________(惟恐被老板解雇).

He saw his wife and children seldom, __________(担心他们会为了他而受牵连).

Shut the window __________(恐怕会下雨).

When they make some small contribution, they swell with pride and brag about it __________(生怕人家不知道).

V out

Break out

Check out in

Come out

Cut tumor out delete omit Drop out

Figure out

Carry out

Die out

Were Friends Fall out

Hold out and the assistance will come Go out

Let out a cry

Run out of oil

Use up

Leave out the word delete

Knock sb out consciousness Stand out in the crowd prominent Watch out

Look out for the pickpocket

Wipe out the invaders eliminate Work out

Make out a check

list

Make out the words on the blackboard The train has Pulled out in up

Set out

Put out the fire

Drive at the maximum speed Exceed the maximum speed Above the maximum speed Below the maximum speed

Consideration

Take sth into Consideration

A considered decision

a considerable sum of money your suggestion is considerable considering his age: prep.

It is considerate of you to leave the seat for him thoughtful

Artificial limbs

Artificial Flowers

The terms of the contract were effectively imposed rather than agreed. Impose sth on sb

Luxury

Live in Luxury

Deprive sb of sth

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NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH BOOK 2 practice : 训练, progress : 进步 If you practice more, then you can make great progress. 五项综合训练技能listening : 听力 speaking : 说话 grammar : 语法writing : 写作 reading : 阅读 translation : 译knowledge +skills Lesson 1 A private conversation 【New words and expressions】(12) private conversation theatre seat play loudly angry angrily attention bear business rudely adj. 私人的n. 谈话n. 剧场,戏院n. 座位n. 戏adv. 大声地adj. 生气的adv. 生气地n. 注意v. 容忍n. 事adv. 无礼地,粗鲁地 ★private adj.私人的 ①adj. 私人的 private life 私生活 private school 私立学校 It’s my private letter. (如果妈妈想看你的信)It’s my private house. (如果陌生人想进你的房子)②adj. 普通的 private citizen 普通公民 I’m a private citizen. (citizen n. 公民)private soldier 大兵 《Private Ryan》(《拯救大兵瑞恩》) public adj. 公众的,公开的(private的反义词)public school 公立学校public letter 公开信 public place 公共场所 privacy n.隐私 It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)

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