高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：必修3 Unit 8 Adventure

[话题素材]

好词

1．experience n. 经历；经验 2.obstacle n. 障碍

3．object v. 反对 4.enthusiastic adj. 热情的

5．failure n. 失败 6.locate v. 坐落；位于

7．amazed adj. 惊异的8.support v. 支持

9．no wonder 难怪10.be opposed to 反对

11．give up 放弃12.get over 克服

13．as a result of 由于14.enjoy oneself 玩得愉快

15．be well known for 因……出名

佳句

1．As_is_known_to_us_all,_Mount Huashan is famous for its breathtaking cliffs and its unique characteristics.

正如大家所知道的，华山以它险峻的悬崖和它独一无二的特征而出名。

2．Once on the top of the hill, we were deeply attracted_by the beautiful scenery.

一到达山顶，我们立刻被这里美丽的风景所吸引。

3．Located_off_the_coast of Fujian the island is deserted with nothing apart from some trees.

这座岛屿位于福建沿海，除了一些树木之外一片荒芜。

[精美语篇]

There are many great adventurers in the history of China and Zheng He was one of them. From 1405 to 1433, he made seven expeditions to the ocean, reaching more than 30 countries in Southeast Asia and East Africa. And it is said that he was likely to have been to Australia, a strange and faraway continent.

As a result of his great achievement, the whole world came to realize the advanced technology of the Chinese people in building ships and at the same time China strengthened its friendship with other countries. So every time I think of Zheng He, I feel very proud of our country and admire him very much. In my opinion, as students, we should work hard at our lessons and try to build our motherland into a powerful and rich country in the future.

高频单词

1．aim (n.) 目标；目的

2．function (v i.) 运转；发挥作用

3．risk (v t.) 冒……的危险

4．quantity (n.) 量，数量

5．limit (n.) 边界，限度→limited (adj.) 有限的

6．uncomfortable (adj.) 不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable (adj.) 舒服的→comfort (n.&v t.) 安慰

7．accommodation (n.) 住所，住处→accommodate (v t.) 容纳

8．anxious (adj.) 忧虑的，担心的→anxiety (n.) 焦虑，不安

9．similarity (n.) 相似性，类似性→similar (adj.) 相似的

10．various (adj.) 不同的，各种各样的→variety (n.) 品种；种类；变化→vary (v i.) 变化11．equipment (n.) 配备，设备→equip (v t.) 装备，配置

12．preference (n.) 较喜欢的东西，偏爱→prefer (v.) 喜爱

13．amaze (v t.) 使惊愕(惊奇)→amazed (adj.) 惊愕的，吃惊的→amazing (adj.) 令人惊异的→amazement (n.) 吃惊，惊愕

14．confuse (v t.) 使困惑→confused (adj.) 困惑的→confusing (adj.) 令人困惑的→confusion (n.) 混乱；困惑

15．survival (n.) 幸存，残存→survive (v t.&v i.) 幸免于；幸存

重点短语

1．break_down 损坏，不能运转

2．run_out_of 用完，耗尽

3．carry_on 继续做某事

4．upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地

5．get_across 使理解(某事)

6．put_into_prison 关进监狱

7．stand_by 坚持(某种说法)

8．in_particular 特别地，尤其是

9．have_a_huge_influence_on 对……有巨大影响

10．be_associated_with 把……与……联系起来

热点句型

1．do you think作插入语

Why do_you_think people would want to go on this trip？(教材P22)

你认为人们为什么愿意去旅行？

2．too ... to ...表示“太……而不能……”

... that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.(教材P26)

……马克的关于中国的故事太离奇而不足信。

3．Then came ...为全部倒装结构

Then_came the total darkness of the polar winter.(教材P28)

接下来极地冬日的全部黑暗时期到来了。

4．have difficulty (in) doing sth. “在……方面有困难”

The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty _walking.(教材P28) 接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。

5．where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语

He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.(教材P27)

他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。

2017必修3Unit 8Adventure金版教程·英语[S]NEW教材复现

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．The food ________ (cook) on the fire smells great and ________ you are having a hot cup of tea, you relax and watch the sun go down.

答案：cooking; while

2．As ________ as the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters.

答案：well

3．For people who prefer ________ (spend) some time on the coast, we can organise your travel and ________ (accommodate) too.

答案：to spend; accommodation

4．He __________ (impress) by Beijing and the Emperor's Palace, ________ (especial) the Summer Palace.

答案：was impressed; especially

5．The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book ________ (call) The Description of the World, ________ became one of the best-selling books in Europe.

答案：called; which

6．Amundsen was the first ________ (leave), on 15 October, 1911. He had teams of dogs ________ (pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis.

答案：to leave; pulling

7．Although the Silk Road covered a huge distance linking modern day Xi'an ________ the Middle East and Europe, today one area ________ particular is associated most closely ________ the name of the Silk Road.

答案：with; in; with

8．The Silk Road was not just the route through ________ goods were carried.

答案：which

9．Buddhism from India entered China ________ the Silk Road and had a huge influence ________ Chinese culture.

答案：along; on

10．He wanted to get away from everything so he moved to a ________ (distance) land.

答案：distant

1differ vi.不同于，有区别

How do the tourists differ from local people？(P23)

旅客和当地人有什么不同？

(1)differ from 与……不同；不同于……

differ in 在……方面不同

differ with sb. on/about/over 在……方面与某人意见不同

(2)different adj. 不同的，有差别的

be different from 与……不同

(3)difference n. 差别，不同之处

make a difference 产生影响，起作用

make no difference 没有影响

tell the difference(s) between A and B 指出A与B的不同

①[2015·重庆高考]Indeed, I was no different_from others; I just needed a quieter place.

其实，我与其他人没有区别，我只是需要一个更安静的地方。

②[2014·江苏高考]The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces.

人与人之间具体的生气表情根据生物和文化的不同而不同。

③[2014·福建高考]The smallest good habits can make_a_big_difference.

最小的好习惯能够产生很大的影响。

④[2013·江苏高考]How do Twain's novels on slavery differ_from Stowe's?

马克·吐温描写奴隶的小说和斯托夫人的有怎样的不同？

2anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；渴望的，急切的

From that moment they started to feel anxious and they slept badly that night.(P23)

从那一刻起他们开始感到不安，那天夜里没睡好觉。

(1)be anxious about sth. 对某事担忧/心

be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物

be anxious (for sb.) to_do 渴望(某人)做某事

be anxious that sb.(should)_do... 渴望做……

(2)anxiety n. 忧虑，担心

with anxiety 焦虑地

(3)anxiously ad v. 焦虑地；不安地

①[2015·陕西高考]You will be anxious if you set out for a dinner late.

如果你赴晚宴动身晚了，你将会很焦急。

②[2015·陕西高考]Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety.

守时，我们可以避免担心。

③[2014·江苏高考]We move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious.

我们离开我们不喜欢或是使我们忧虑的人或事。

④[牛津词典]Parents are naturally anxious_for their children.

父母自然为儿女担心。

易混辨析

⑤用anxious/eager的适当形式填空

a．Jenny was extremely ________ about her exams.

b．I am not so ________ to get a new car now, because the prices have been going up.

答案：a.anxious b．eager

3risk vt.冒……的危险n．冒险；危险；风险

What makes people risk their lives to do them? (P24)

是什么促使人们冒着生命危险去做它们呢？

(1)risk doing sth. 冒做某事的危险

risk one's life 冒生命危险

(2)at the risk of 冒着……的风险

take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的风险做某事

take/run a risk/risks to_do sth. 冒险(做某事)

at risk 处境危险；遭受危险

at all risks/at any risk无论冒什么风险，无论如何

(3)risky adj. 有危险的；冒险的

①[2015·四川高考]Dr Dominoni said lack of sleep could put the bird's health at_risk.

Dominoni博士说缺乏睡眠使鸟的健康处境危险。

②[2014·辽宁高考]Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.

长期呆在太阳下会对你的眼睛造成危害。

③[2012·北京高考]Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take_more_risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way.

接受冷水压力实验的男性往往更容易冒险，而女性的反应却相反。

④[牛津词典]We've been advised not to risk_travelling in these conditions.

我们受到忠告，在这种条件下不要冒险出行。

Marco, in turn, was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was.(P26)

马可也相应地被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。

(1)amazed adj. 感到吃惊的/惊奇的

be amazed at/by sb./sth. 对某人或某物感到惊讶

be amazed (that)．.. 感到惊奇的是……

be amazed to_see/hear... 看到/听说……感到很惊讶

(2)amazing adj.令人惊异的；令人大为惊奇的

It's amazing that... 令人惊讶的是……

(3)amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕

to one's amazement 令某人大为惊奇的是……

in amazement 惊愕地

①[牛津大词典]It amazed her that he could be so calm at such a time.

在这个时候他如此冷静，真让她惊讶。

②[2015·安徽高考]If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety.

如果你到中国来游览，你将会体验到一种有惊人的深度和多样性的文化。

③[2014·广东高考]But I was most amazed_by the wildlife there.

但是那里的野生生物最让我吃惊。

④[牛津词典]To_my_amazement,_he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.

使我大为惊奇的是，他把这首诗从头至尾背诵了出来。

5confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆

He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel. (P26)

他也对人们用来当燃料燃烧的黑色石头感到困惑。

(1)confuse sb. 使某人困惑 confuse A with/and B 把A 和B 混淆 (2)confusing adj . 令人困惑的；难懂的 confused adj . 感到困惑的，感到难懂的

be /get/become confused 困惑，不知所措 be confused in mind 心烦意乱 feel confused 感到困惑不解，感到糊涂 (3)confusion n . 混乱；困惑

①[2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ]With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure

about what to do next.

注意力被分散了，狮子变得很困惑，不确定接下来要做什么了。

②[2013·浙江高考]Why does spinning make you dizzy? Because your brain gets_confused

between what you're seeing and what you're feeling.

为什么旋转会让你感到眩晕？因为你的大脑被你所看到的和所感觉到的所迷惑。

③[2012·陕西高考]The audience is often left confused about whether the meeting is over

and when they can get up and leave.

听众们常常不清楚会议是否结束，他们什么时间可以起身并离开。

④[人教④－2]It is important to explain this again or we will confuse_the_students.

再解释一遍这个问题很重要，否则我们会让学生感到困惑。

⑤[牛津词典]People often confuse_me_and_my_twin_sister.

人们常常把我和我的孪生妹妹搞错。

6 quantity n.量，数量

He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities. (P27)

他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。

?????quantities of/a quantity of 大量，许多a large/great quantity of 大量，许多既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词 in quantity/in large quantities 大量，大批

①[2013·重庆高考]It is filled with symbiotic existence, too; unimaginable quantities_of creatures，...

它也充满了共生存在，不可思议数量的生物……

②[新英汉词典]It's cheaper to buy goods in_quantity.

大批量购货比较便宜。

③It's a pity that there are only a_small_quantity_of flowers left in the garden.

很遗憾，花园里只剩下少量的花了。

quantity has covered the land.

由于森林的毁坏大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。

联想识记

7observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝；评论，说

Air-conditioned vehicles for observing animals.(P30)

为观察动物需配有空调的交通工具。

(1)observe sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事

observe sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事

observe sth. done 看到某事被做

observe a rule 遵守规则

(2)observation n. 观测，观察；遵守

under observation 在观察中；被监视中

①[2014·北京高考]Observe_carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.

当你在实验室做实验时，要仔细观察是否发生变化。

②[2013·江苏高考]Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the Park without refund.

不遵守所有停车规则，可能会导致被逐出停车厂而不予退款。

③Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional Festivals.

尽管已经在国外生活很多年了，许多中国人仍然庆祝传统节日。

图解助记

He observed_someone_open the door.

→Someone was_observed_to_open the door.

他注意到有人打开了门。

过关演练

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式

1．[2014·湖南高考]It's hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making ________ (differ) choices.

答案：different形容词different修饰名词choices。

2．[2014·天津高考]________ (anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.

答案：Anxiously副词修饰整个句子，anxiously ad v. “急切地”。

3．[2014·安徽高考]Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more ________ (risk) choice.

答案：risky根据空前的more及空后的名词可知此处用形容词形式，risky adj.“冒险的”。

4．[2014·福建高考]I was ________ (amaze) that he'd come up with such a sweet idea.

答案：amazed修饰主语I，应用形容词，amazed adj. “感到吃惊的，惊奇的”。

5．[2014·江西高考]Sometimes, his search was limited ________ a cage underwater but that did not bother him.

答案：to be limited to “局限于，限于”。句意：有时候他的搜寻被限制在水下的笼子里，但是这并没有打扰他。

6．I find his lectures very ________；he never sticks to the point. I get ________. (confuse)

答案：confusing; confused句意：我发现他的课令人困惑不解，他总是跑题。我被弄糊涂了。confusing adj. “令人困惑的”，get confused “被弄糊涂了”。

7．So far large quantities of information ________ (store) in the computer.

答案：have been stored句意：迄今为止，大量的信息已被储存在计算机里。由so far 可知应用现在完成时，quantity修饰名词作主语时，谓语单复数由quantity的单复数决定，故此处应用have；由句意又知应用被动，故填have been stored。

8．The woman was observed ________ (follow) him closely.

答案：to follow be observed to do sth. “被看到做了某事”。句意：有人看到那名女子紧跟着他。

9．Many people expressed a strong preference ________ the original plan at the meeting.

答案：for express the preference for “表达对……的偏爱”。

10．They were determined to get there even ________ the risk of their life.

答案：at句意：他们下定决心到达那，甚至不惜冒着生命危险。at the risk of “冒着……危险”。

1turn up 出现，到场；开大(音量)

When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.(P25)

当我第一次跳的时候，我很紧张以致试图放弃，但在朋友们的劝说下，我终于完成了那次蹦极。

turn against 背叛，反对，敌视

turn away 不准进入，拒绝；打发走

turn down 拧小；拒绝；调低

turn in 上交，交还；获得

turn out 生产；制造；证明是，结果是

turn to 求助于；移交；翻到

turn over 翻转；移交

①[2015·湖北高考]Don't worry. I'm sure your missing glasses will turn_up sooner or later.

别着急，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。

②[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Open the curtains and turn_up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating.

打开窗帘，调亮光线。黑暗的环境，更可能鼓励过量饮食。

③[2014·浙江高考]How could you turn_down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?

既然你都失业几个月了，你怎么还能拒绝这么诱人的工作？

④[2013·大纲全国卷]Eight theatre groups turned_up uninvited in 1947 in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform.

有八个未被邀请的剧院团队也于1947年到场，他们相信每个人都有表演的权利。

⑤It turned_out that his brother died of a heart attack.

原来他的兄弟死于心脏病。

2break down 损坏，不能运转；身体垮掉；失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除

First, his two sledges broke down, and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.(P28)

先是他的两个雪橇坏了，接着马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。

break away (from)挣脱；脱离

break in 破门而入；打断

break into 闯入；突然……起来(后接tears，laughter等)

break out (战争)爆发；(火灾)发生

break through 突围；突破；冲垮；克服

break up 拆开，结束；解散；(人与人关系)发生破裂

①[2015·湖北高考]He broke_down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.

想到自己没能卖完报纸，小男孩崩溃了。

②[2014·天津高考改编]The two countries are going to meet to break_down some barriers to trade between them.

两个国家将要会谈来分解他们之间的贸易障碍。

③[2013·福建高考]Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break_down in disasters.

当灾难来临无线网络出现故障时，旧的电话就会有作用了。

④[人教②－5]The band broke_up about 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid-1980s.

乐队在1970年前后解散了，但幸运的是，到20世纪80年代中期他们又重新组合起来。

3run out of 用完，耗尽；从(某处)流出，跑出

The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food.(P28)

队员们很快就精疲力竭了，食物也快吃完了。

run out 用完，用光

run across 不期而遇；偶然发现

run into 撞上；偶然遇见

run through 匆匆查阅

run after 追赶

run over 撞倒；撞翻并轧过身体的一部分

①[2015·湖北高考]When he was_running_after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had

a bad fall.

男孩在追赶他哥哥时，失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。

②[2015·广东高考]While making great efforts to run_away,_she fell over the hill and died.

当奋力逃脱的时候，她跌下山崖，死了。

③[2014·上海高考]Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run_out_of basic supplies.

村民们长期习惯于当用完基本用品时面对着一种驱使。

④[外研④－1]In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run_out.

在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。

过关演练

选词填空

run out；turn up；break down；run out of；take off；get across

1．[2014·安徽高考]When the sports hero ________ at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.

答案：turned up

2．[2013·广东高考改编]Suddenly, he found that he had ________ salt.

答案：run out of

3．—I'm still working on my project.

—Oh, you'll miss the deadline. Time is ________.

答案：running out

4．Her health ________ under the pressure of work.

答案：broke down

5．Your meaning didn't really ________.

答案：get across

6．In Korea, you should ________ your shoes when entering a house.

答案：

take off

1 Although people enjoyed reading his book ， many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.(P26),尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。

(1)该句中使用了too...to...结构，意为“太……而不能……”，too 后面跟形容词(或副词)，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。

(2)在此句式中，若too 后接happy, pleased, glad, anxious, eager, willing, ready 等表情绪、心情等形容词，则too 相当于very ，表肯定意义。

(3)如果too 前有否定词never 或not(即never/not too...to...)，或者不定式前有not(即too...not to do...)时，这两种形式均表示肯定意义。

(4)can't...too...表示“无论怎样……也不过分”。

(5)too...to 句式可以与not enough...to...或so...that...句式相互转换。

①[2014·北京高考]If a report seems too_good_to_be_true,_probably it is.

如果一份报道似乎太好了而不真实，那可能确实就不真实。

②[2012·陕西高考]I can't thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.

当我们不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我再怎样感谢你也不过分。

③It is never_too_late_to mend.

(谚语)亡羊补牢为时不晚。

④We are only too_happy_to_live in China.

生活在中国，我们太幸福了。

2 The next to go was Captain Oates ， who was having great difficulty walking.(P28) 接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。

(1)have difficulty (in) doing sth./with sth. 表示“在……方面有困难(或麻烦)；做……有困难”。表示此意思的其他用法有：

????? have difficulty with sth.have trouble/problem

(in ) doing sth.have a hard time (in ) doing sth.

there's difficulty/trouble ?

?? with sth.(in ) doing sth. (2)difficulty 前可用some, any, no, little 等词来修饰。

①[牛津词典]I had considerable difficulty_(in)_persuading her to leave.

我费了好大的劲想说服她离开。

②[牛津词典]I had_no_difficulty_(in)_making myself understood.

我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。

③[外研多功能词典]I have_some_difficulties_with my work.

我在工作方面有一些困难。

You can't imagine the difficulty I had_passing the exam.

你不能想像我在通过考试上所存在的困难。

过关演练

完成句子

1．[2014·福建高考]But ________ the beautiful melody, from the same fingers that once baited my fishing lines.

但是接下来传来美妙的旋律，来自于那为我的鱼线装过鱼饵的手指。

答案：then came

2．They ________ trapped in ruins because of the heavy rain.

由于大雨，他们营救困在废墟中的这位老人有很大困难。

答案：had great difficulty (in) rescuing the old man

3．Hearing the news that Shenzhou-10 was launched successfully, I was ________________ hold back my tears.

听到神州十号发射成功的消息，我太激动而无法控制泪水。

答案：too excited to

4．________________ we should do next?

你认为接下来我们应该做什么？

答案：What do you think

5．How can I ________________ to you how important this is?

我怎样才能让你们理解这件事的重要性？

答案：get it across

静态与动态动词&定语从句(Ⅲ)

静态与动态动词

根据词义特点，动词分为动态动词和静态动词。动态动词主要指动作动词，如：dance, write等；静态动词则主要指表示情感、内心活动、感觉、相互关系等的动词，如：think, like 等。

定语从句(Ⅲ)

非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。可用who, whom, which, whose, as及关系副词引导，但that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

过关演练

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)

1．[2016·河南八省质检]Youth is regarded by many people as a time in their life ________ fun, passion, and imagination seem limitless.

答案：when句意：青年时期被许多人视为他们生活中的一段时光，在此阶段，快乐、激情和想象力似乎都是无限的。先行词是a time，从句句意完整，所以用关系副词when。

2．[2015·四川高考]The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.

答案：whose定语从句的先行词为books，它与定语从句的主语是所属关系，所以用关系代词whose引导。

3．[2014·湖南高考]Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, ________ would be recited in class the following day.

答案：which which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词homework。

4．[2013·山东高考]There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.

答案：as as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个句子。句意：没有简单的答案，这是科学上常有的事情。