构词方式练习
構詞方式練習(一) 試指出下列各詞的構詞方式。
(二) 試指出下列各組詞的結構和意義的區別。
1. 燈油：
油燈：
2. 馬車：
車馬：
3. 人情：
情人：
4. 白雪：
雪白：
5. 人為：
為人：
6. 心愛：
愛心：
7. 出發：
發出：
8. 骨頭：
頭骨：
9. 女兒：
兒女：
10. 虛心：
心虛：
(三) 試將下列語素按指定的構成方式構詞。
(1)並列式：
(2)
(3)陳述式：
(4)
答案：
(一)
1.並列
2.補充
3.並列
4.重疊
5.附加
6.並列
7.偏正定語
8.陳述
9.偏正狀語
10.疊音
11.補充
12.支配
13.附加
14.並列
15.偏正狀語
16.偏正定語
17.重疊
18.支配
19.陳述
20.補充
21.附加
22.並列
23.支配
24.偏正狀語
25.補充
26.陳述
(二)
1. 燈油：(並列) 用作點燈的油
油燈：(偏正定語) 一種燈的名稱2. 馬車：(偏正定語) 用馬拉的車車馬：(並列) 車輛和馬匹
3. 人情：(並列) 情誼
情人：(偏正定語) 所喜歡的人4. 白雪：(偏正定語) 白色的雪
雪白：(偏正狀語) 彷如雪一樣白5. 人為：(陳述) 用人力做出來的
為人：(支配) 性情，做人處事的態度
6. 心愛：(陳述) 自己所喜愛的
愛心：(並列) 善良，樂於助人的心7. 出發：(並列) 啟程
發出：(補充) 派發
8. 骨頭：(附加) 骨骼
頭骨：(偏正定語) 頭部的骨骼
9. 女兒：(附加) 女
兒女：(並列) 兒子和女兒
10. 虛心：(偏正定語) 形容人謙虛
心虛：(陳述) 形容人做了有違良心的事
(三)
(1)(i) 請教
(ii) 保護
(iii) 領導
(iv) 思念
(v) 善美
(2)(i) 農民
(ii) 武夫
(iii) 美女
(iv) 白雪
(v) 毛衣
(3)(i) 性急
(ii) 膽大
(iii) 眼紅
(iv) 頭痛
(v) 心痛
(4)(i) 放假
(ii) 埋頭
(iii) 問題
(iv) 探險
(v) 打字
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三、转化 Conversion : 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。 1. 名词和动词之间的转化telephone 电话—打电话, mirror 镜 子—像镜子一样反映, drink 喝—饮料, record 录音—记录, name, date, hand, study, 2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect 完美的——使完善 3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front 前面——前面的 4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领 训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。 1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness 2.The soldier died for saving the child ，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3.The child looked_______ at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad 4.He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________. A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemis D. physician 5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legging B .legged C. legs D.leged 6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership 7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem ，Jack looked_______about at his classmates. A.proud B.proudly C.pride D. pridely 8.To everyone ’s ________, the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction 9.—What are you doing here? —Oh ，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English. —You can write______ _passage in English? A.600 words ；a 600-words B.600-word ；a 600-words C.600 words ；a 600-word D.600 words ；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence 11You must come with us to the police _______.Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache 12.Letting that animal escape was no accident ；you did it ________.A.intend B.intention C.intentionally D.intentional 13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile. A.practice B.practise C.practical D.practiced 14.The_______ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge D.judgement 15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War? https://www.360docs.net/doc/eb10834231.html,tely https://www.360docs.net/doc/eb10834231.html,test https://www.360docs.net/doc/eb10834231.html,ter https://www.360docs.net/doc/eb10834231.html,tter 16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________. A.longer B.length C.long D.longing 17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless D.joyness 18.Canada is mainly an________country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken 19.How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________. A.foolish ；foolishly ；fool B.fool ；foolish ；fool C.foolish ；fool ；fool D.foolishly ；foolish ；fool 20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It’s of great ________. A.valuable B.value C.valueless D.unvaluable
整理高中英语构词法讲解与练习
高中英语构词法讲解与练习 一.类别 英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。 二.定义与精讲 1.转化法 英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 1)动词转化为名词 ①很多动词可以转化为名词，大多数情况下，意思没有多大的变化，如： Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。 ②有时意思有一定变化，如： He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。 ③有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作，如： Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。 2)名词转化为动词 ①很多表示物件，如 Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗? ②身体部位，如： Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。 ③某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，如： She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 ④某些抽象名词也可作动词。如： We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。 3)形容词转化为动词 有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如： We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。4)副词转化为动词 有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如： Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。 5)形容词转化为名词 ①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，如： You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服
(完整word版)英语构词法练习题基础篇.docx
英语构词法练习题一、基础练习 A: 名词后加“y”变成形容词 sun---_________( rain ---________( health ---________( luck ---__________( B: 名词后加“-ful” )wind ---__________()cloud---__________() )snow ---__________()fun---__________() )noise ---__________()salt---__________() )sleep ---__________()sand---__________() -less“”变成形容词 care ---__________()__________() use---__________()__________() colour---__________() _________() help---__________() __________() hope ---__________()__________() harm---__________() __________() success---________()wonder---_______()peace---__________() sleep ---__________()home---__________()value---__________() C:名词后加“-ern ”变成形容词 east---______()west ---_______()south---_______() north---__________() D:名词后加“-al”变成形容词 person---__________()education---__________()tradition---__________() medicine---__________()music ---__________()nature---__________() E:名词后加“-ly”变成形容词 friend---___________() love---___________() week---__________() F:名词后加“--ous”变成形容词 danger---___________() mystery---___________() fame---__________() G:名词后加“-en”变成形容词 wool---___________() wood---___________() gold---__________() H:名词转化为形容词的不规则变化 energy---___________() athlete---___________() hunger---___________() pride---___________()death---___________()science---___________() knowledge---___________() anger---___________() Africa---___________() America---___________()Asia---___________() Australia---___________() I:动词变名词 ① work---________( 工作者 ) sing---________( 歌手 ) teach---_________( 教师 ) drive---_________( 司机 ) write---________( 作家 ) dance---_________( 舞蹈家 )win---_________( 获胜者 ) run---___________( 赛跑者 ) swim---_________( 游泳者 )act---_________( 演员 ) collect---__________( 收藏家 ) direct---___________( 主管 ) visit---_________( 参观者 ) invent---_________( 发明家 ) translate---_______ _(翻译家 ) ②educate---___________( 教育 ) describe---___________( 描述 ) predict---___________( 预言 ) collect---___________( 收藏 ) invent---___________( 发明 ) build---___________( 建筑物 ) ③mean---___________( 意思 ) meet---___________( 会议 ) cross---___________( 路口 ) turn---___________( 转弯处 ) decide---___________( 决定 ) die---___________( 死亡 ) ④fly---___________( 飞行 ) know---___________( 知识 ) please---___________( 高兴 ) pronounce---___________( 发音 ) mix---___________( 混合物 ) J：形容词的两种形式—ing/— ed