Key to Unit 5 How to be true to youreself

Key to Unit 5

Text comprehension

IV.Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1．Integrity means having one's own norms and rules of judging what is right and what is wrong, which one should not give up for immediate personal advantages.

2．Integrity is rare at present.

3．An explanation was given for how all instruments and material were used and located during an operation.

4．When you are right, you should insist.

5．Unavoidably they will do everything possible to keep their looks and status.

Vocabulary

I.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1.that is current

2.difficult to find or obtain

3.make an effort to attain

4.Insist on / Stick to ; despite / when faced with

5.Always recognize and praise rightly others' achievement

6.behave in a way that is natural or normal

II.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.

1.appointed

2.politically

3.account for

4.succumbed to

5.ensured

6.instinctively

7.tough

8.object

9.challenge

10.seductive

III. Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences. 1—4 DABC 5 – 8 BACA

IV. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in its appropriate form and note the difference in meaning between them.

1.(Morality means the rightness or pureness of behaviour; ethics refers to (the study of)

questions about what is morally right and wrong.)

a.Morality

b.morality

c.ethics

d.ethics

2.(Demand commonly suggests a speaker in authority who bluntly insists upon being obeyed

and does not intend to be contradicted, while ask means "call on somebody for an answer;

request information; invite.")

a.demands

b.asked

c.asking

d.demanded

3. (Genuine emphasizes the fact of not being spurious, adulterated, imitated or counterfeit, while real refers to physically existent things.)

a.real

b.genuine

c.real

d.genuine

4. (Preserve emphasizes keeping something that is valuable exactly as it is, without change and even without using it at all. Save suggests rescuing something with a sense of great urgency.)

a.Preserve

b.preserve b.save

c.save

V.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1. truthful (upright, frank)

2. outer (external, exterior)

3. rare (uncommon, scant)

4. fire (sack, dismiss)

5 . resolutely (determinedly, unyieldingly)

6. fearless (dauntless, brave, bold)

7. unpleasant (disagreeable)

8. unfashionable (old-fashioned, outdated)

VI.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given capitalized word in brackets.

1. inexperienced

2. rightful

3. impoliteness

4. handful

5. heady

6 . straightening

7 . sleepy

8 . beggar

Grammar

I.Explain the functions of the following imperative sentences.

1.Giving instruction

2.Expressing a wish

3.Making a suggestion

4.Giving an order

5.Giving an order and expressing anger

6.Inviting

7.Warning

8.Forbidding

II.Rewrite the following sentences using the imperative

1. Take a break.

2. Let's not stay here any longer.

3. Stop criticizing others.

4. Have another biscuit, please.

5. In this play you be the princess and I be the witch. (Here "you" and "I" are explicit subjects of the imperative sentence.)

6. Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.

7. Don't you ever be late again! / Never be late again!

8. Let us never forget the brave men and women who made the ultimate sacrifice.

III. Add a question tag to the following sentences.

1. will/can/can't you

(After a positive imperative, the question tag can be "will/would/can/can't/won't you?" "Won't" is used to invite, "will/would/can/can't" are used to tell people to do things. "Would" is less forceful than "will" and much less common. )

2. will/won't you

3. will you

(After a negative imperative, the question tag is "will you?")

4. shall we

("Shall we" occurs especially in suggestions opening with "Let's.")

5. will/could/can you

6. will/won't/can't you

7. will you

8. shall we

IV.Arrange the following sentences according to the degree of politeness.

3, 5, 4 , 8 , 7 , 2, 1, 6

V. Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases in the box.

1. another

("Another" can be either a determiner or a pronoun. As a determiner, it is used before a singular noun.)

2. another

3. others

("Others" is a pronoun which means "other ones.")

4. other

5. another

("Doing another" is an elliptical structure. With the elliptic items recovered, it reads: doing is another thing.)

6. the other

("The other" is definite in reference.)

7. the others

8. another; others

("Another" is a pronoun here, referring to "another brother.")

Translation

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. 人的一生就像被刚降下的雪覆盖的田野，无论在哪儿走过都会留下自己的足迹。

2 . 他们本能地明白：为人正直就意味着具有个人道德和伦理的标准，那就是决不迁就权宜之计，也不为眼前的形势所左右。

3. 那些缺乏真正的根本价值观的人依赖于外因——自己的长相或地位——以获得良好的自我感觉。

4. 为人正直就意味着凡事都因其正确而为之，并非仅仅是为了赶时髦或趋炎附势。

II. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. That psychiatrist, who had talked about his patients in public, was charged with violating professional ethics.

2. Hanging on the walls of the classroom are some famous sayings, which inspire and urge people to exert themselves.

3. All kinds of commodities are available. Nothing is in short supply.

4. We all trust the president of the board of directors, who is a man of absolute integrity.

5. Before we vote for him, we want to know what he stands for.

6. The defendant couldn't account for the fact that the money was found in his house.

7 . When I saw that he was right, I had to back down.

8. She has been appointed sales manager, for she is both clever and diligent.

9. One of the biggest challenges faced by the present government is that of creating more jobs.

10 . The enemy succumbed soon after our soldiers stormed its stronghold.

Integrated skills

I.Dictation

In order to learn to be one’s true self, / it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge / of what has been said and done in the world; / critically to inquire into it; / carefully to consider it; / clearly to analyze it; / and earnestly to carry it out.

It matters not what you learn, / but when you once learn a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have thoroughly understood it. / It matters not what you try to think of, / but when you once try to think of a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have done it thoroughly and well.

If another man succeeds by one effort, / you will use a hundred efforts. / If another man succeeds by ten efforts, / you will use a thousand.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.

1)how

2)based

3)leads

4)chose

5)discoveries

6)responses

7)what(ever)

8)state

9)direct

10)Because

Writing

Combine the following sentences with appropriate subordinating conjunctions and delete unnecessary words.

1.Although commercials are necessary for business, they can be annoying to the public.

2.Health is above wealth because the latter cannot give so much happiness as the former.

3.The manager wrote down the name of the new software for fear that he should/would forget

it. (The subjunctive mood is necessary after "for fear that.")

4.He still won the game even though he had broken his wrist.

5.My teacher seems to have a ready-made answer, no matter when / whenever / every time I

ask him.

6.No matter how / However much money you are making, you will never be able to buy your

time back.

7.One can not learn a foreign language well unless he studies hard.

8.The lecturer raised his voice so that / in order that we could hear him clearly. (Purpose)

Or: The lecturer raised his voice so that we heard him clearly. (Result)

9.People do not know the value of health until they lose it.

10.Just as one cannot judge a person by his appearance, so one cannot judge a book by its cover. Listening

Bosses or workers

A.Listen carefully. Complete the following chart with information about Caroline

1.There are too many bosses and too few workers.

2.So long as there's a good relationship between the managers and the workers the firm will

prosper.

3.She thinks every boss should spend at least three months every year working on the factory

floor, subject to the same rules and discipline as all the other workers.

4.In practice, she'd be of no use because she hasn't got any practical skills.