2014届高三英语二轮专题强化精选：阅读理解19

2014届高三英语二轮专题强化精选：阅读理解

1.

“Particulate(微粒)Matter 2．5(PM2．5 for short)”is now ,it seems, officially an enemy of the people．The harmful，tiny pieces of matter，up to 2．5 microns in diameter, are too small to be seen by the naked eye．So they can be easily breathed into the lungs of people and do harm to people’s health．With the issue of pollution so heatedly discussed，some people are wondering what possible solutions might be on the way. One might very well be a renewed effort to kick-start the electric car industry．Some reports suggest that the use of bakery cars should be expanded from the present five cities to 20 more．

But so far no country in the world has succeeded in making the dream of emission．free(零排放)driving a reality．Despite the lofty ideal，the electric car has so far been a disappointment, accounting for only a fraction(部分)of l％of global car sales．And the same is true in China．There is an existing target to put five million on the road by 2020 but the Chinese consumer is so far very much unconvinced．

BYD Auto Company in the southern city of Shenzhen is just one electric vehicle maker hoping that the time is now ripe for the government to step up its efforts．BYD is making electric cars but as yet not selling in great numbers．Electric cars are not cheap．It would still leave more than$40，000 to be paid before you could drive away in a BYD e6．And buyers have worries other than price．

“I think that when you talk to a regular Joe about electric vehicles he is excited, but when you ask Mr. Joe to buy one，he’s nervous，”said Isbrand Ho from BYD’s Auto Export Trade Division．”We call that ‘range anxiety’．How far will my vehicle go?” The answer for an e6 is well in excess of 300 kms(190 miles)on one charge．That is the sort of number that might just start looking attractive to less price-sensitive customers but China still doesn’t have anything like enough charging stations to make the car a practical choice．

Last year, BYD sold only l,700 electric cars in China．Isbrand Ho tells me that at that volume the car is naturally expensive，due to the economy of scale．What they need, he says, is for production to get above a certain threshold(门槛，极限)，and then costs will come down．44．What does the underlined word One in the first paragraph stand for?

A．APM2．5 B．The issue of pollution

C．A possible solution D．A heated discussion

45．BYD Auto Company thinks that

A．it is time for our government to encourage people to use electric cars

B．it can sell electric cars in large numbers now

C．consumers are concerned about only the price of the electric cars

D．the price of the electric cars is neither too high nor too low

46．Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?

A．PM2．5 can be easily breathed into the lungs of people because of its weight．

B．China has never tried any environment-friendly method of transport．

C．The electric cars are not widely used in the whole world

D．Customers can be easily persuaded to buy electric cars

47．According to Isbrand Ho，will bring down the price of the electric cars.

A．improvement of environment B．innovation(创新)

C．new technology D．more production

2.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Leadership is the most significant word in today’s competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that “how things get done” influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker, coined the phrase “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things,” he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms.

When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德) and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested

success was founded on modesty, loyalty, courage, patience, and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to “put first things first,” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.

66. What does Peter Drucker’s phrase infer?

A. Leaders should be good at making right decisions.

B. Leaders should be good at doing things right.

C. Leaders should be good at ignoring the distinctions he associates with the terms.

D. Leaders should be skilled in predicting future.

67. Under what condition are people likely to succeed, in terms of what the personality ethic suggests ?

A. When people have little determination , they will be successful.

B. When people have good behaviour , they will gain success.

C. If people have positive mental attitude , they are likely to succeed.

D. If people have negative mental attitude , they are certain to succeed.

68. How can leaders enjoy outstanding success in their work environments, according to Stephen Covey ?

A. Firstly they have to think highly of themselves.

B. They are supposed to benefit themselves.

C. They can not adjust themselves.

D. First personally they must manage themselves .

69. What is the meaning of the underlined word “vision”?

A. Bright future.

B. Good beginning.

C. Good scenery.

D. Pretty background.

70. To be good leaders , what must managers pay close attention to ?

A. They must pay close attention to universal principles of effectiveness.

B. They must pay close attention to their own values, abilities and strengths.

C. They must pay close attention to modesty.

D. They must be concerned about courage and patience.

3.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Fifteen years ago, I entered the Boston Globe, which was a temple to me then. It wasn’t easy getting hired. But once you were there, I found, you were in.

Globe jobs were life-guaranteed until retirement. For 15 years I had prospered there —moving from an ordinary reporter to a foreign correspondent and finally to a senior editor. I would have a lifetime of security if I stuck with it. Instead, I had made a decision to leave. I entered my boss’s office. Would he rage? I wondered. He had a famous temper. “Matt, we have to have a talk,” I began awkwardly. “I came to the Globe when I was twenty-four. Now I’m forty. There ’s a lot I want to do in life. I’m resigning.” “To another paper?” he asked. I reached into my coat pocket, but didn’t say anything. I handed him a letter that explained everything. It said that I was leaving to start a new media company. We were at a rare turning point in history. I wanted to be dir ectly engaged in the change. “I'm glad for you,” he said, quite out of my expectation. “I just came from a board of directors’ meeting and it was seventy-five percent discouraging news. Some of that we can deal with. But much of it we can’t, ” he went on. “I wish you all the luck in the world,” he concluded. “And if it doesn’t work out, remember, your star is always high here.”

Then I went out of his office, walking through the newsroom for more good-byes. Everybody was saying congratulations. Everybody —even though I’d be risking all on an unfamiliar venture: all the financial security I had carefully built up.

Later, I had a final talk with Bill Taylor, chairman and publisher of the Boston Globe. He had turned the Globe into a billion-dollar property. “I’m resigning, Bill, ”I said. He listened while I gave him the story. He wasn’t looking angry or discouraged, either. After a pause, he said, “Golly, I wish

I were in your shoes.”

61. From the passage we know that the Globe is a famous ______.

A. newspaper

B. magazine

C. temple

D. church

62. If the writer stayed with the Globe ______.

A. he would be able to realize his lifetime dreams

B. he would never have to worry about his future life

C. he would let his long-cherished dreams fade away

D. he would never be allowed to develop his ambitions

63. The writer wanted to resign because ______.

A. he had serious trouble with his boss

B. he got underpaid at his job for the Globe

C. he wanted to be engaged in the new media industry

D. he had found a better paid job in a publishing house

64. When the writer decided to resign, the Globe was faced with ______.

A. a trouble with its staff members

B. a shortage of qualified reporters

C. an uncontrollable business situation

D. an unfavorable business situation

65. By “I wish I were in your shoes.” （in the last paragraph）Bill Taylor meant that ______.

A. the writer was to fail

B. the writer was stupid

C. he would do the same if possible

D. he would reject the writer's request

4.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When I was young I wanted to be a model, so when a national contest was staged, I convinced my parents to take me for an audition(试演). I was selected and told I had potential. They said that for only $900 I could attend a weekend event which dozens of the most prestigious （有声望的）modeling agencies from around the world would attend. At 13, my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go. We have never been rich, but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed.

I imagined being signed by some famous model companies. For months, any boredom or disappointment I faced was pushed aside because I knew I would soon have the chance to be a real model. I thought I would grace the covers of famous magazines!

Of course, I wasn’t signed, but what hurt the most was being told that if I grew to 5’9”(about

1.75metres) I could be a success. I prayed for a growth spurt (冲刺) because I could not imagine giving up my dream. I made an appointment with a local modeling agency and the agent demanded $500 for classes, $500 for a photo shoot, and $300 for other expenses. My parents only agreed after hours and hours of me begging.

The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn’t receive a call, I grew more depressed. The final straw came in July after I had decided to focus on commercial modeling. There was an open call in New York City. We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short. I was devastated(感到难以承受的).

Years later, I realized that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn’t actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future.

56.What’s the main reason why the author wanted to be a model?

A. She won a national contest.

B. She wanted to get reputation and wealth.

C. She was urged by some modeling agencies.

D. She had full potential to be a successful model.

57. What’s the author’s parents’ attitude toward her dream?

A. Encouraging.

B. Worried.

C. Doubtful.

D. Enthusiastic.

58. What was it that made the author end her attempt to become a model?

A. Her parents were strongly against it.

B. She realized that it was impossible for her.

C. Even a local modeling agency turned her down.

D. She realized that she didn’t actually love the idea of modeling.

59. The underlined phrase “The final straw” probably mea ns ______.

A. the last in a series of bad things that happen to make someone very upset, angry, etc

B. the final result that she was admitted by the model company

C. the final audition given by the agency

D. the decision that she made at last not to be a model any more

60. What did the author learn from her experience of struggling to be a model?

A. Where there’s a will there’s a way.

B. Being a model is not that easy.

C. We should have our own judgment and should not just follow others.

D. We might set unpractical goals but the experiences can help us grow.

5.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

I was reading these interesting stories behind a group of great logos(标识) in the world. Personally Nike is my favorite one –it’s so simple. And I liked the stories behind them, which made me forget all other things. McDon ald’s, Apple, Mercedes Benz and Adidas own great logos as well, and they are among my favorites.

Nike

In the Greek myth, Nike is the goddess of victory and the source of inspiration for soldiers. This logo represents the wing in the famous statue of the Gr eek goddess. Nike’s logo was designed by Carolyn Davidson in 1971 for $ 35, and was registered as a trademark in 1995.

McDonald’s

The logo was designed in 1962 by Jim Schindler to resemble the archshaped(拱形的) signs on the side of the company’s then walk-up hamburger stand. Later on, the two golden arches were combined together to form the M. The McDonald’s name was added to the logo in 1968.

Apple

There are different stories behind Apple’s logo. The first logo was a reference to the religious story of Adam and Eve, in which the apple represented the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. One year later, the second logo was designed in 1977 by Steve Jobs and Ronald Wayne, and it described Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. This logo didn’t stay long. One year later it was replaced almost immediately by graphic designer Rob Janoff’s “rainbow apple”, a rainbow-colored silhouette(轮廓)of an apple with a bite taken out of it. And then the rainbow-colored apple was replaced by the one-colored logo in 1998. It has not been changed so far.

Mercedes Benz

The Mercedes Benz logo, which was originally created by Gottlieb Daimler in 1909, consists

of a simple description of a three-pointed star that represents its rule of the land, the sea and the air. The company was founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Mercedes is the name of Maybach’s elder daughter, while Benz came as a result of a combination with Benz, Cie and DMG in 1926.

Adidas

The Adidas logo, which was created by the founder of the company Adi Dassler, represents mountains, pointing towards the challenges that are seen ahead and goals that can be achieved. The logo was used for the first time in 1967.

51. What does the author think of the stories of the great logos?

A. They are boring.

B. They are out of date.

C. They are attractive.

D. They are practical.

52. What does Nike’s logo stand for?

A. The goddess of victory.

B. The source of inspiration for soldiers.

C. The statue of the Greek goddess.

D. The wing of the Greek goddess.

53. We can learn that Apple’s present logo is ______.

A. the religious story of Adam and Eve

B. a bitten apple with only one color

C. Newton’s sitting under an apple tree

D. the rainbow-colored bitten apple

54. ______ stands for the rule of the land, the sea and the air.

A. Nike’s logo

B. Apple’s logo

C. The Mercedes logo

D. The Adidas logo

55. Which of the following time orders describes the births of the great logos?

A. Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Nike – Apple.

B. Nike –McDonald’s – Apple – Mercedes Benz.

C. McDonald’s – Apple – Nike – Mercedes Benz.

D. Nike – Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Apple.

6.

Mahjong, that favorite pastime of “old folks” in Shanghai, is finding a new audience among younger players, and many university students are becoming mad about this traditional Chinese game. Students at Fudan University have even formed a Mahjong club.

This resurgence of the game, however, is not without its critics. Some people still associate the game with gambling and for many years Mahjong was banned in China. One critic, surnamed Meng, was quoted as say ing, “Mahjong is a bad custom that will distract students from studies.” But Yu Guangyuan, former vice-president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(中国社会科学院), says Mahjong is a “healthy, scientific, friendly mind game.”

Mr. Yu’s opinion seems to be s hared by the majority of Chinese. They see the game as an activity that requires great concentration and intellectual skill. They also see the game as an important part of Chinese culture and a pastime that brings family and friends closer together. This Spring Festival many families will no doubt spend hours around the Mahjong table getting reacquainted with each other. For them, playing Mahjong is a way of spending quality family time. No one knows who invented Mahjong. Some say it was Confucius, others say the current form of the game was developed right here in Shanghai in the late19th century. It is certainly because of Shanghai that the game enjoys its worldwide popularity. It was brought to America in the 1920s and has since spread throughout Europe and other parts of Asia. There is now a World Championship of Mahjong which is held every year. This year’s championship was held in Chongqing and attracted players from America, Europe and Russia, as well as students from Peking University, Tshinghua University and Nankai University. There was no prize money, but the players delighted in using their wits and their understanding of statistics and probability theory(概率论)to defeat their clever opponents.

Of course, Mahjong doesn’t have to always be that intens e. For young people it can be a way to relax and to socialize, a chance to get away from their computers and talk to other people face to face. So, this Spring Festival, why not get out the “old folks” tiles: it’s good to be mad about Mahjong!

67. Why do young people in China like Mahjong so much?

A. It’s an activity that requires great concentration and intellectual skill

B. It’s an important part of Chinese culture and a pastime that brings family and friends closer

together.

C. It’s a way to relax and t o socialize, a chance to stay away from their computers and have face-to-face communication with other people.

D. It’s a healthy, scientific, friendly mind game.

68. Who invented Mahjong?

A. Confucius

B. People of Shanghai

C. People of Chongqing

D. Unsure

69. Why do students from Peking University, Tshinghua University and Nankai University take part in the World Championship of Mahjong?

A. Because they can happily use their wisdom and what they have learned to defeat their clever opponents.

B. Because they can win a large amount of prize money.

C. They want to make more friends through Mahjong.

D. Because it’s a thrilling game.

70. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Mad About Mahjong

B. World Championship of Mahjong

C. The His tory of Mahjong

D. The Favorite Pastime of “Old Folks”

试卷答案

1.CACD

2.A C D A B

3.A B C D C

4.B C B A D

5.C D B C A

6.文章概述：本文介绍了复旦大学的学生成立了麻将社团，引起不少争议，分析了中国人特别是年轻人追喜欢麻将的原因。

67．C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For young people it can be a way to rel ax and to socialize, a chance to get away from their computers and talk to other people face to face.”可知。68．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“No one knows who invented Mahjong.”可知。69．A．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“the players delighted in using their wits and their understanding of sta tistics and probability theory to defeat their clever opponents.”可知。

70．A 主旨大意题。根据文章的内容可知。