英语议论文写作小技巧

英语议论文写作小技巧
英语议论文写作小技巧

议论文写作小技巧1

写在前面的话:

同学们,大家好!提到英语写作,或许永远是一个痛苦的话题。随着年龄的增长,我们不得不参加这样那样的英语考试,而随着考试等级的增加(一般的路径无外乎是:高考——四六级——考研/雅思/托福/托业/剑桥BEC/GRE/GMAT等),写作占据的比例越来越重。在此,非常荣幸能够在学院“Guan_ni”微信公众号的平台,和大家分享我的英语写作经验。在此之后,我会不定期推送几篇有关英文写作的小技巧,希望大家能够喜欢。

差点忘了自我介绍。我是秋忆,西南交大公共管理与政法学院研究僧一枚。本人并不是英语专业科班出身,只是喜欢英文写作,积累了一些零散的、不成体系的经验,post出来和大家分享。当然,写作方法多种多样,我post上来的也只是一家之言,不一定全部正确,如果有错误之处,恳请各位批评指正。让我们共同学习,在纠错中进步!

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下面是正文部分:

英语议论文写作,有以下几个大方面需要注意:

1.句子的语法错误。

句子的语法错误是写作中最严重的问题。在写作中,无论句子如何优美,辞藻如何华丽,错误的语法都会使这一切显得暗淡无光,使得本来还不错的句子变成负分“丑句”。例如:Indisputably, compared with some developing countries, the sights in the European and American countries, such as the USA, Britain and Germany, seems to more beautiful than others at present.

在这个句子中,乍一看似乎句子还比较长,而且有分词和例子,然而这个句子有个致命弱点:缺少谓语,是一个成分残缺的句子(正确的语句应该是在seems to 后面加“be”)。一个小小的谓语的缺失,却导致句子出现严重语法错误,在考场上留下遗憾。

2.用英文的逻辑来行文。

这一点是除去语法以外的第二大的严重问题。英语写作的逻辑,与汉语正好相反。汉语

的逻辑是“从特殊到一般”,即通过陈述引子、实例、数据等这些材料,来引出作者的观点。而英文却大相径庭,是“从一般到特殊”,即先摆出观点,然后通过说理,数据,实例等说明问题。在一个自然段中,逻辑顺序如下:

“小明是个好学生”(陈述观点)——“小明不仅学习成绩好,思想品德也好”(第一层论证)——“小明功课门门考100分;业余时间去社区帮助老人”(第二层论证)

上面的写作顺序就是一个比较典型的英语顺序,每一层都可以是一个句子。翻译过来可以是Ming is an elite student at school. From his classmates and teachers, Ming get excellent grades, and he is a Good Samaritan. Last semester, the grades of Ming were all 100, and he helped the old in his leisure time as a volunteer.

下面这个例子比较类似,也是“从一般到特殊”:

For a start, improving the conditions of welfare is the most important way to combat homelessness, addictions and violence. Governments and some NGOs (non-governmental organization) should be concerned with the welfare of the homeless, addicted and violent people, and the organizations should provide the most basic living security to them.

在这个小段落中,作者陈述了怎样减少流离失所、吸毒、暴力人口的问题。作者认为,必须通过提升福利水平来解决。如何解决,作者也给出了实例(政府和非政府组织需要发挥作用)。虽然这个片段本身语法不算精妙,甚至有些“冗长”,但行文的逻辑是值得学习的。

3.适当地使用高级语法或高级词汇。

在解决上述两个问题之后,基本上你的写作已经能够达到6.5分到7分的水平(参照IELTS 考试写作评分标准,满分9分)。想要更高的分数,则需要适当使用高级语法和高级词汇【注意:这里是“适当”地使用,而不是分词从句满篇飞(写作达人不算在内),因为越是使用分词或从句,越容易产生语法错误,不仅没有锦上添花,反而舍本逐末了】。对于语法而言,需要扎实的英语基本功作为基础,否则一切都是空中楼阁。对于高级词汇而言,则需要大量的阅读作为积累。个人认为,高级词汇并不意味着写作中频繁使用生僻词,而是适当使用一些俚语化、成语化的表达(英语对于我们而言都是非母语,哪怕有个别“闪光词汇”也就足够了)。例如,A chilles’ heel (阿克琉斯之踵)、Pandora’s box (潘多拉的魔盒)、The Sword of Damocles (达摩克利斯之剑)等英语谚语。如果使用得当,会让你的文章加分不少。

好的,今天就先到这里,下面几期我会逐步将每一个要点细化,希望对大家有所帮助

2018年高考英语作文汇总

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并明白地亮出自己的观点,如提倡什么,支援什么,反对什么. 2. 主体段(main body).主体段是议论的过程,作者必须有足够的证据.(adequate proofs)来论证自己的观点.一般可提出一个或两个proofs, 并对此用一两句话分别进行 阐述. 3. 结论(conclusion).结论段可以用一两句话来结束文章.同时要注意与引言段呼应,但不能照搬前面的原话.例:课本高二上P78 第一封信 Tutorial center is helpful. I have studied at a tutorial center for two years. My command of English has improved considerably since I started this course. At my center, the fees are reasonable. My tutors are qualified teachers. I have been helped a lot by them. They are sincere and kind. One of my teachers was British. At first, I could not say anything to her. But later I learned how to communicate in English with a westerner. I think that the tutorial center has given me a lot of confidence in using English.

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评注: it does not have a logical argument .the writer dislike one library book, but not all library books are the same. the writer should not make a general statement (all library books are useless) based on his reactions to one single book. 二、议论文的写作步骤: 1. 引言(introduction).由于英语作文受时间,字数的限制.因此,在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题,并明白地亮出自己的观点,如提倡什么,支援什么,反对什么. 2. 主体段(main body).主体段是议论的过程,作者必须有足够的证据.(adequate proofs)来论证自己的观点.一般可提出一个或两个proofs, 并对此用一两句话分别进行阐述. 3. 结论(conclusion).结论段可以用一两句话来结束文章.同时要注意与引言段呼应,但不能照搬前面的原话. 例:课本高二上p78 第一封信 tutorial center is helpful. i have studied at a tutorial center for two years. my at my center, the fees are reasonable. my tutors are qualified teachers. i have been helped a lot by them. they are sincere and kind. one of my teachers was british. at first, i could not say anything to her. but later i learned how to i think that the tutorial center has given me a lot of confidence in using english.

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