定语从句典型错误例析
定语从句典型错误例析
1.【误】The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.
【正】The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.
【析】上句应由关系代词that或which在定语从句中作宾语，已省去。因此，从句中的宾语it多余。又如：
【误】Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland,where he was buried there in 1977 【正】Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland,where he was buried in 1977.
2.【误】I,who is a Chinese,will do my best for our country.
【正】I,who am a Chinese,will do my best for our country.
【析】定语从句中谓语动词的形式应依据先行词的人称和数来确定，保持主谓一致。如：①Mike is one of the students who know the truth.(先行词为students)②Mike is the only one of the students who knows the truth.(先行词为the only one)
3.【误】All what you have done is not necessary.
【误】All which you have done is not necessary.
【正】All that you have done is not necessary.
【析】what不能引导定语从句。当先行词是不定代词（all,something,anything,nothing,everything 等），或先行词受形容词最高级，序数词或last,very等词修饰时，关系代词常用that而不用which。
如：①This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
②They asked him to tell them everything that he saw in the factory.
4.【误】I don't know the man with who my brother is talking.
【正】I don't know the man with whom my brother is talking.
【析】定语从句中，如介词提前，指人时只用whom，指物时只用which:如：The two things about which Marx was not sure were grammar and some of the idioms.
5.【误】He is the very person for whom I am looking.
【正】He is the very person who（whom）I am looking for.
【析】有些定语从句中的介词不能提前，如提前，从句动词的意义会改变。take care of,look up,look forward to,ask for,make up等短语动词均属此列。
6.【误】China Daily has plenty of advertisements,that help to cut the costs of making the newspaper. 【正】
China Daily has plenty of advertisements,which help to cut the costs of making the newspaper. 【析】在非限制性定语从句中，指物时用which,不用that.
7.【误】I can't remember the things and persons who I met at that time.
【正】I can't remember the things and persons that I met at that time.
【析】先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句用that引导。
定语从句误用辨析
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Li Feng is looking.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
6. I've read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr Crosset talked of things and persons who they remembered in the school.
9. This is the same bag like I lost yesterday.
10. His dog,that was now very old,became ill and died.
11. This is one of the reasons,why you may like to eat it.
12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
13. The boy,his mother died,studies very hard.
14. I have two sisters,both of them are doctors.
15. We're going to visit the school where your brother works there.
16. The captain's head soon appeared out of the second storey windows,from which he could see nothing but trees.
17. That is the way which they work.
18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.
19. The news which a new English teacher will come makes us excited.
20. As we all know it,he is American.
辨析：
1、将where改为that或which。定语从句关系代\副词的选择，一看先行词，二看其在从句中的成分。本句中visit是及物动词，which做其宾语。
2、把for放在looking之后，当which做短语动词（即动词和其介词不能分开）的宾语时，介词不前置。
3、who改为whom，尽管在口语中who、whom都能做宾语，但在介词后只用whom。
4、that应为which。 that不做介宾。
5、which改成that。当先行词有不定代词something,someone,all等时，由that充当关系代词，不用which。
6、which改为that。当先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little等修饰时，用that,不用which。
7、which换成that。当先行词中有形容词的最高级、序数词，the only、the very等时，只用that引导。
8、who改为that。如果先行词既是人又有物时，则用that引导定语从句。
9、like改为as。当先行词里有the same,such时，用as引导限制性定语从句。
10、which代that。that不引导非限制性定语从句。
11、去掉逗号。why可以引导定语从句，但不能用于非限制性定语从句。
12、wants改为want。定语从句的谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。
13、his改为whose。
14、them改为whom,由both of whom引导非限制定语，或去掉逗号，both大写。
15、there多余，去掉。
16、from which改为from where。which只表示地点（place）,where(n)可表示地方，空间（space）。
17、which改为that或in which。
18、在Those后添上who，引导定语从句。
19、which改为that。本句是同位语从句，that不做成分，只起引导作用。
20、去掉it。as作know的宾语，以"he is American"为先行词。
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