名词、冠词、代词
专题一名词
名词是中考考查的重点。考查内容主要为：
1. 名词单、复数的变化规律及其用法；
2. 不可数名词量的表达法；
3. 名词所有格的变化及其用法；
4. 名词作主语的一致问题；
5. 常用专有名词的表示法；
6. 具体语境中名词的词义和一些常用易混淆名词的区别。Ⅰ.名词的定义
名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。
如：Yao Ming 姚明；China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。
Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：an apple; two apples。
★注意：a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前；
an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。
如：a book/b uk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/’aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/’aua/
2．不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。
(1)物质名词。如：water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁)；sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。如：a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water等。
(2)抽象名词。如：news; music; time(时间); information等。
(3)不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词连用。
(4)注意有些名词既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词。
如：fish; time; glass; orange; room; chicken等。但使用时一定要区分它们表达的不同意义。
Ⅲ. 名词的数
(1)元音或词尾发生变化
如：man→men; woman→women; Frenchman→Frenchmen; tooth→teeth; foot→feet; child→children
(2)单复数形式相同
如：sheep→sheep; fish→fish; Chinese→Chinese; Japanese→Japanese; yuan→yuan
(3)形式为单数意思为复数如：people，police（集合名词）
(4)形式为复数意思为单数如：news, maths, physics, the United States等。
(5)只用复数形式如：pants, shorts, clothes，glasses(眼镜)等。
3. 不可数名词的量的表示：（不能直接用数字；不能直接加a。an；无复数形式）
(1)表不定数量时，一般用much，(a)little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等词修饰。
(2)表确定数量时，一般用“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词。
如：a piece of paper, a piece of news, a bag of rice, two glasses of milk, four bottles of water
Ⅳ.名词的所有格：
1. 有生命的名词所有格
(1) 单数名词后加’s 。如：my brother’s book
(2) 不以s 结尾的复数名词后加’s 。如：the children’s football
(3) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加’ 。如：the boys’ game
(4) 以s 结尾的专有名词后直接加’ 。如：Dickens’ novels
(5)某物为两个名词共有时，在第二个名词后加’s : 如：Tom and David’s room.
(6) 表示两个名词各自拥有的东西，在两个名词后都加’s: 如：Tom’s and David’s rooms. 2. 无生命的事物的名词所有格(of所有格)
(1)of＋名词。如：a photo of my family, the door of the classroom
注意：“of＋名词’s/名词性物主代词” 构成双重所有格如：a friend of mine, a friend of Jim’s。
(2) 表示时间或距离，国家，城市的方法。也可用’s来构成所有格
▲如：ten minutes’ drive十分钟车程；a month’s holiday一个月的假期。China’s capital
(3)表称呼、职业等名词的所有格可以表示人的住所或工作场所。所有格后面的名词一般被省去。
如：at his brother’s; at the doctor’s; at the barker’s; at Mr Read’s
(4)用所有格表示节日的方法：如：Teachers’ Day; Children’s Day
.（除了父亲节和母亲节其他节日我们都用名词复数的所有格表示。）如：Mother’s Day; Father’s Day.
▲（5）.由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面。This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil .
四、名词作句子成分：
★1.名词作主语
1).表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Two hours _______(be) enough for us to get there .
2).量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致。
A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed . Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk .
3).名词+介词（with、except 、along with ….）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。
The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill .
4).短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则。
Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman .
★2.名词作定语
1).名词作定语时，一般用单数形式。变复数时，名词中的中心词变为复数形式。
如：a banana tree→banana trees; a shoe factory→shoe factories There is a shoe factory near the school . 2).名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式。(sport )
The sports meeting will be held next week .
3).man、woman 作定语表示性别时，man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变
one man teacher two women teachers
专题二冠词
中考对冠词的考查主要为：
不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法，零冠词的用法，习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用。
Ⅰ.冠词的定义冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词（a 和an）和定冠词(the)两类。
Ⅱ.冠词的用法
1．不定冠词a, an的用法
(1)泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.
(2)不定冠词a 用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；a useful book; a desk;不定冠词an 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如：an old man; an actor; an “m”。
(3)第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。如：There is a book on the desk, but the book isn’t mine.
(4)表示人或事物的某一类。如：An elephant is bigger than a tiger.
(5)用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当every 如：three times a week.
(6) 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a computer.
(7)用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.
(8)可视为一个整体的两个名词前eg: a knife and fork 一副刀叉
(9)用在某些固定词组中：如：have a good time; have a swim ,have a cold , half an hour ,a lot(of), after a while , in a hurry , for a long time, a few ,a little ,at a time ,
2．定冠词the的用法
(1)用来特指某人或某物，双方都知道的人或物的名词前如：Open the door, please.
(2)用于上文提到的某人或某物。There is a kite on the wall. The kite is new.
(3)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前如：the sun; the moon; the earth; the sky
(4)用在序数词或形容词最高级前，如：March is the third month of a year. He is the cleverest boy in his class.
(5)用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。如：the rich; the poor; the young; the old等。
(6)用在西洋乐器名词前。如：play the violin
(7)用在表示方位的名词前。如：in the east/north/west/south
(8)用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名词前或用在由普通名词构成的
专有名词前。如：the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House等
(9)用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。eg：The Greens are watchingTV now
(10)用于形容词或副词比较级等构成“ the...the... ”的句式中，表示“越……越……”。如：The more, the better.
(11)用于固定搭配中。all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way 顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the open air 在户外，在野外
3．零冠词的用法
(1)棋类活动,球类运动,一日三餐，学科名词前不用任何冠词play chess play football have supper We all like English.
特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。
Where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)
(2)称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。
如：I don’t feel well today, Mum./ This is Professor Li/ /Hello, Lily.
(3)在节假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前，用零冠词.
如：Teachers’ Day; Mother’s Day; on Monday; in May; in summer
▲但若指某年的某月份或某年的某季节，需在月份或季节前加the, eg：The winter in 2008 was very cold.
(4)名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词my book(正)；my the book(误)
(5)有些专有名词, 如人名,地名,国家名，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。
如：China; Japanese; milk; love等。Jim lives in China.
(6)不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前用零冠词We can’t live without water./ Horses are good animals.
(7)用在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的街名，路名，山名等名词前Hainan Island / Nanjing Road
(8) by与火车等交通工具连用，用零冠词
eg：by bus/ by train/by car/ by bike 注意：take a bus/ on the bike/ in a boat
(9)在某些固定搭配里,名词之前常不用冠词.
如on foot; at home; at night; from morning till night, on time, in time, at first, at last等。
(10)用与不用冠词的差异
①in hospital住院/ in the hospital在医院里②in front of在…(外部的)前面/ in the front of在…(内部的)前面③at table进餐/ at the table在桌子旁④by sea乘船/ by the sea在海边
⑤go to school(church…)上学(做礼拜…) /go to the school(church…)到学校(教堂…)去
⑥two of us我们当中的两人/ the two of us我们两人(共计两人)
⑦a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)
专题三：代词
中考对代词的考查主要为：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，疑问代词，不定代词，
He teaches _____(we) Chinese . / I’m waiting for you.(介词的宾语) / It’s me.(宾格做表语)
2.三种人称代词并列充当主语时时,顺序为:
单数:（二,三,一）——（You, she and I ）复数:（一,二,三）——(we , you and they )
注：:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)
eg：She and I have been to Beijing .（一般情况）Who broke the window ? I and Mike .（承担责任）注：it 还有一些特别的用法。
1) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起来像。….”
2）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么样”.
3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“轮到某人做sth”
4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了该做sth的时候”5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中. 6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式.
主语+make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . I find it difficult to remember these wors.
eg: My name is Tom.(
2、名词性物主代词，后面不能加名词,名词性物主代词常与of 连用
He is a friend of mine(我的一个朋友) eg：Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . / This is a friend of ______(my).
注: 1) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+ 名词(上题中mine=my friends)
2)形容词性物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own
记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves 来把f 替.
反身代词的常用搭配:
enjoy oneself 过得愉快 hurt oneself 受伤 teach oneself = learn..by oneslf 自学
help oneself to …随便吃/用 look after oneself leave sb by oneself 让某人独自留下
dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服 improve oneself 提高某人自己
四.指示代词
1、指示代词的用法： (1)this /these ①指较近的事和人: This is my pen. / These are my
books.
②指下文提到的事eg ：Please remember this:No pains,no gains.
(2) that /thos e ①指较远的事和人: That is her sister. / Those are her sisters.
②指上面刚提到的事情eg ：He was ill.That ’s why he didn ’t go to school.
2. 注意 that / those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That 代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai .
The books in that shop are cheaper than ___in this shop. A.this B.that C.one D.those
3.在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方.
eg ：This is Tom speaking . 我是汤姆 Who is that ?你是谁？
五、疑问代词：(P93考点五)用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词，通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句。 如：who 作主语，表语，宾语但不能放介词后Who wants to go with me?
whom who 的宾格形式，作宾语To whom are you talking?
whose who 的所有格形式，作定语Whose wallet is this? 这是谁的钱包？
what 可询问职业What ’s your father? He is a teacher.
who 可询问身份和姓名Who is the boy in red? He is Jim.
what 指不定数目中的那一个。“什么，哪一些，”无范围What would you like?
which “ 哪一个”指在一定范围内特指的人或物Which bike is yours? 哪辆自行车是你的
六.不定代词的区别.
1.one 与it 的区别: One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it 代替上文中出现的某事物. This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?
2.some 与any 的区别①一般情况下,some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定,疑问句, He asked me for some paper , but I didn ’t have any .
②但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some 。此类句型常以could, would 开头或what about /how about 的句中。 May I have some water ?( 希望得到肯定的回答)
3.many 与much 的区别
Many+可数名词的复数 ；Much+不可数名词，都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词
注:a lot of 常不用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .
4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别
例题：His story is easy to read ，there are _____ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _____ time left . 5.each / every 的区别 ★each 强调个体，表示两者或两者以上的人或物
中的每一个.
every 强调整体，表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.
There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street . / ____ student has read a story .
★:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.
而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语. Each of us _______(study )hard .
6. no one 与none 的区别
no one 指人，表示没有人, 不能与of 连用， 谓语常用单数。
none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，既指人又可指物，谓语常用单数。.
The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest . .
7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别
There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all
注意:
1). both 的否定词是neither , all 的否定词是none.
2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数； neither of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
Neither of the answers ______(be) right . Both of my parents _______(be) workers.
3).词组
A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:
not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor …
Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV .
B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither …nor … 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.
Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right .
One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park.
C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也” He doesn ’t like the book,either.
4) how many /how much 的回答:用none 回答.
Who 的回答:用no one 回答. ； What 的回答: 用nothing 回答.
How many students are there in the classroom ? __________.
Who can answer the question ? _______. A. None B.No one C.Nothing
8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别
注释: 1) one …the other …表示两者之间的一个…另一个…… 2) some … others … 表示一些…… 另一些…… 3) another 表示三者及三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数. ★ another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个……”another ten teachers=ten more teachers
I have two brothers , one is a teacher , ______ is a worker .
Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window
9.复合不定代词.
注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. eg;Everything is ready.
2.形容词或else 修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else 须放在复合不定代词后。：
I want to give you something different to eat.. / something else （其它的东西）
3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后. Would you like something to eat?
4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中,
1)指人的不定代词, everybody,nobody,anyone, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they . Everybody is here,aren ’t they?
2)指物的不定代词, everything ,something,nothing 等 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it .
Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ?
5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人”
6、
Every one of us has seen the film . Everyone should do their best .
名词、冠词、代词的用法
定义：表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。 强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，动词用is或者was；不能根据some、any、a lot of等词来判断。 1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”： ①．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ； 读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 ②．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ； ③“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ； “元音字母+y”结尾，直接加-s，如：boys，toys ④．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。 顺口溜：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。 （贼的妻子一生用两把刀、三片叶杀死两只狼，一半放在架子上，自己吃面包loaf）wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），self（自己），life （生命）half（一半），leaf（树叶）。这9个名词变复数时，都要改“f(e)”为“ve”再加“s”。 特殊情况是直接加-s的： 顺口溜：海湾边、屋顶上，首领农仆相望；谁说他们无信仰，语气定在手帕上。 gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchief。这些词是直接加-s的。 ⑤．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况： 1）有生命的+es 读音：[z] 如：mango-mangoes，tomato-tomatoes，hero-heroes， negro—negroes (袋鼠除外cangro-cangros) 顺口溜：两人两菜一火山(黑人英雄在火山上吃土豆，西红柿，芒果和河马) 2）无生命的+s 读音：[z] 如：zoo-zoos, radio-radios, photo-photos, piano-pianos, (袋鼠除外cangro-cangros)zero-zeros, bamboo（竹竿）-bamboos, tobacco（烟丝）-tobaccos 顺口溜：动物园里挂着一张照片，照片上是一片竹林前的钢琴上放着一台收音机 ⑥. 部分单词的单复数同形 顺口溜：中日警察来聚会，鹿、羊、鱼、牛把家回。（中日瑞不变，英法都要变，其他国人加S）（中国人，日本人赶着绵羊、梅花鹿去河边看鱼） 解释：Chinese,Japanese,police， deer, sheep, fish，cattle ，people， Swiss--Swiss Englishman--Englishmen, American—Americans，German--Germans. 除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。 如：one yuan，two yuan；a dollar, two dollars; ⑦. 不规则名词复数：（鹅身上的牙和脚复数oo变ee、） 顺口溜：男士女士a变e；鹅牙双脚o变e；孩子后面加ren；老鼠虱子爱公牛， mouse, louse和ox. 解释：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen。 goose- geese； tooth-teeth, foot-feet。child-children。mouse-mice, louse-lice，ox-oxen。 2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就用“量词+of”。 例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice，a bottle of，a pair of 3、复合名词的复数变化：（顺口溜：属性不变、性别变）解释：three apple trees；three men teachers
名词、冠词、代词知识点
名词 一、名词的复数： 1.名词变复数的规则形式 1).一般情况下直接加s book------books cup-----cups 2).以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es . city-------cities family-----families 3).以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es . bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------wathes 4).以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es . tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes 5).以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的 man----men woman---women child----childre foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3.单数和复数形式相同。deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4.某国人的复数。 1). 中、日不变。Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变。Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3). 其余s加后面。American -----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词： 1.不可数名词：1).不能直接用数字表数量2).不能直接加a或an 3).没有复数形式 4).可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰5).可用“量词短语”表示 2.不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词 a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格： 1. ’s 所有格。 1).用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom . 2). 1).用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时，这时分别在每个名词后加“’s.”These are ________________(Tom and Jack ) school bags . 3).以s结尾的名词，变所有格时在s后加“’”,不以s 结尾的复数名词，仍加“’s” Teachers’Day Children’s Day 4).表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s 代表全称。at the doctor’s at the Bob’s 5).由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面。This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil . 6).表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加’s 来构成所有格。 an hour’s ride two weeks’ time China’s capital 2.of 所有格： 1).of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格。the map of China the door of the room 2).双重所有格：of + 名词所有格of + 名词性的物住代词 He is a friend of my _________(brother ) . Is she a daughter of __________(you)? 四、名词作句子成分： 1.名词作主语
初中英语名词、代词、冠词专项练习
初中英语专项练习一 名词、代词、冠词 1.----How is your skirt, Marry? ---- It ’ s more beautiful than ____/. A. my sister’ s B. my sister C. sister D. mine 2. I ’ m going on holiday on the 12th and I have to be back at work on the 26th, so I ’ ve got two ____ holiday. A. weeks B. week’ s C. weeks ’ D. week 3. Look! The kites in the sky are in different ____, some are big and some are small. A. sizes B. colors C. prices D. names 4. I ’ ve read ____ sports news about the FI race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of 5. All the ____ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8 th, because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women 6. Mark met an old friend of ____ on a train yesterday. A. he B. him C. his D. her 7. I need ____ paper, Mum. I want to write ____ letter to my English teacher. A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some any 8. There are two ____ and three ____ on the table. A. knifes, forks B. knifes, forks C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks 9. We have got a lot of ____ today. A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to do D. book to read 10.We could see ____ children and hear ____ noise in the park. A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many 11.Will you pass me ____? A. a few pieces of chalk? B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks D. some chalks 12.This toy was made by a ____ boy. A. ten-year-old B. ten-years-old C. ten-year-older D. ten-years-older 13.____ are big and bright. A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C. The windows of the classroom D. The classroom’ s windows !4. ----Would you like ____ milk, please? ----No, thank you. I still have some. A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all 15.There are two ____ in the city. A. car ’ s factory. B. car’ s factories C. factories of car D’.cars factories 16.Take more ____, and you will be thinner and healthier. A. exercise B. homework C. medicine D. meals 17.At the root of the hill you could hear nothing but the ____ of the running water. A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound 18.Brian is so kind that he o ften gives me a ____ when I’ m in trouble. A. reply B. seat C. hand D. reason 19.You should express your thanks by returning the kindness when you get help from ____. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 20.We had plenty of paper but ____ ink. A. a few B. few C. not many D. not much 21.My car is not so expensive as ____. A. him B. he ’ s C. he D. his 22.Lily and Lucy have arrived, but ____ students aren’ t here yet. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 23.There are high buildings on ____ side of the road. A. both B. every C. any D. either 24.----What do you usually have for breakfast? ---- ____ eggs and ____ milk. A. Little, a few B. A little, a little C. A few, a little D. A few, a few, 25.____ is difficult if you put your heart into it.
(完整版)名词、代词、冠词练习题及答案50题
选择题： 1. The students of Grade7 visited Mike’s farm and saw many there. A. bird B.duck C.sheep D.rabbit 2. ---How many are there on the table? ---Only two. A. Glasses of orange B. Glasses of oranges C. Glass of orange D. Glass of oranges 3.---Could you please tell me something about the two ? --- .They are exchange students of No.1 Middle school. A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B.Frenchmans; Come on C.Germen; Not at all D.Germans; All right. 4. We can see two in the picture. A.apple tree B. apples trees C.apple trees 5. When autumn comes, the the tree turns yellow. A. Leaf on B.leaves on C.leaf in D.leaves in 6.Tomorrow I’m going to my . It’s a . A.aunt; five minutes’ walk B.aunt’s;five minute’s walk C.aunt;five minute’s walk D.aunt’s; five minutes’walk. 7. mothers both work in the same hospital. A. Tim and Peter’s B. Tim’s and Peter C.Tim’s and Peter’s D.Tim and Peter 8. This desk is . A. Tom’s and John’s B. Tom and John C. Tom and John’s D.Tom’s and John 9. ---Two died in the accident. --- terrible it is! A.policemen; How B.policeman; What C.police; What D.policemans; How 10. ----It’s really hot today. What drink do we have today in the fridge? ----We have some . A.noodle B.cheese C.sausages D.lemonade 11.Near our school there are two . A. shoes shops B.shoes shop C.shoe shop 12. Nowadays, people can get much from newspapers, TV, and the Internet. A. ideas B. stories C.photos https://www.360docs.net/doc/f93823670.html,rmation. 13. Three are eating the grass at the foot of the mountain. A.sheeps B.sheep C.sheepes D.ships 14.Our school is just ten away from the school.
初一冠词、名词和代词专项练习题
七年级冠词、名词和代词专项练习题 一.写出下列单词的复数形式： action movie life knife fry leaf photo r adio piano zoo tomato potato bus watch box book map cat film door month horse picture class boy tooth woman eye tooth German Chinese man football child classroom monkey tree egg coat Frenchman is this that 二.将下列词组译成汉语： [1]三杯牛奶[2] 一袋大米[3]三篮子苹果 [4]一碗面条[5]四盒子书[6]七本英语书 [7]五袋子大米[8]三杯橘汁 [9]八条新闻10]一箱香蕉 三.用a\an填空: apple pear banana ship boat student teacher hour sheep orange tree tree orange pencil 四选择填空： [1]. They are________ A:man doctor B:men doctors C:men doctor D:man doctor s [2] There are five_____ in the hill. A:sheep B:sheeps C: goose D:deers [3] Those white socks____small. A:are B:is C: am D:do [4] We have many_____in our school. A:woman teacher B:women teachers C: woman teachers D:women teacher [5] Do you like _____? A:vegetable B: vegetables C:an vegetable [6] How many_____do they have? A:picture B: pictures C:a picture [7] There are six ____in the room. A:volleyball B:volleyballs C:a volleyball D:volleyballs [8] Are these ____teachers? A:woman B:women C:womans [9] It is ____. A:milk B:a milk C:an milk D:milks [10] It’s a ____.It isn’t an ____. A、apple, egg B、cake,egg C、egg,orange, D,e gg,cake
冠词-名词-代词
冠词有两种，一是不定冠词a／an，另外一种是定冠词the 一、不定冠词及其用法 二、定冠词的用法 1. 一般来说，普通名词有特指和泛指，如果特指，就要加定冠词；如果泛指，可数名词前加不定冠词，或用其复数形式 2. 定冠词the主要和名词连用，表示某些特定的人或事物 3. 由of引起的限定性短语(作定语)所修饰的词前加the 4. 表示身体的某一部位，用the代替物主代词my, our, your, his, her等 5. 表示江河海洋，海峡海湾，山脉和群岛及有些湖泊之前用the 6. 定冠词the加姓氏的复数，表示某某一家人，如果做主语，谓语动词要用复数 7. 当一个抽象名词，不表示一般的概念而是表示某一特定的内容时加定冠词the 8. 由普通名词和一些其他词构成的专有名词前加the: the People's Republic of China 三、同步练习 1. ____rose is____beautiful flower. 2. Mr. Smith always smokes____cigarette with ____cup of coffee. 3.____door of____garage is broken. 4.____donkeys are ____ stupid animals. 5.____bread is made from ____ flour,and ____flour is made from ____wheat. 6. She is ____good musician;she plays ____piano beautifully. 7. Thousands of ____visitors go to ____Great Wall every ____day. 8. When he was enghteen,he joined ____navy. 9. He sent me ____letter and ____postcard;____letter didn't arrive. 10. Li is not at ____office;I think he's gone____home. 11. Is there ____telephone here? 12. She is studying ____English and ____French. 13. I bought ____pen and some paper,but I left____pen in ____shop. 14. ____machine is made of ____steel and ____copper. 15. ____honesty is ____best policy. 16. ____coal is 60 dollars ____ton at the moment. 17. I stay at ____home last night and listened to ____radio. 18. We went to Paris and saw ____Palace of Versailles. 19. He goes back to ____ country to see his people once ____year. 20. ____Liu's are going to ____cinema. 语法系列复习专题-----名词 1. 名词的分类 专有名词：指某人，某地，某机构等专有的名称，其首字母要大写。如HongKong, China, Bill Clinton, Red Cross 个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如student, book 可数名词 集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family, school, group, people 不可数名词 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：cotton, air, tea 抽象名词：表示抽象概念，work，happiness, news
冠词名词。代词形容词副词、介词的知识点
冠词 不定冠词的用法及语法说明 1. 用a 还是用an： 一般说来，在辅音或半元音开头的词前用a, 而在元音开头的词前用an。 注意： 有些以元音字母开头的单词，由于第一个音不是元音而是辅音，其前仍用a而不用an： a one-eyed man 一个独眼人 a European country 一个欧洲国家 2. 单数可数名词若泛指，其前需加a ，an, 不要从汉语习惯出发，漏掉此不定冠词： He is a famous film star. 他是着名影星。 3. 专有名词转化为普通名词，其前可用a (an)，表示某某人或某某人的一部作品、艺术品等： a Mr Smith 一位名叫史密斯先生的人 4. 物质名词转化为普通名词，其前可以使用a (an)，有时表示相应产品或种类，有时表示数量关系： a good wine 一种好酒 5. 在序数词之前使用a (an)，可以表示数量或序数的增加： Soon I saw a second plane. 不久我又看到了一架飞机。 6. 与形容词的最高级连用，表示“非常”、“很”等： This is a almost interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。 7. 用于修饰名词的定语前，表示某种状态。此时的不定冠词含有类似a kind of 的意思：climate 气候→a mild climate 温和的气候 have breakfast 吃早餐→have a quick breakfast吃快餐 8. 不定冠词a (an) 与数词one 都可表示“一”，但是两者有差别： 不定冠词a (an) 表示“类别”概念，而数词one 表示“数量”概念 9. 两个单数可数名词连用表示一个整体时，只用一个冠词： He is a teacher and poet. 他既是老师又是诗人。 10. 与副词quite / rather 连用时，a (an) 一般要后置，但若其后的名词前有形容词修饰，则a (an) 放在quite rather 之前或之后均可以： He is rather a fool. 他是个大傻瓜。 It is quite a good book. 那是本很好的书。 It is a quite good book. 那是本很好的书。 11. 当too, so, as, how 等词之后接有“形容词＋单数可数名词”时，不定冠词a (an) 应放在形容词和单数可数名词之间 It is too difficult a book for us beginners. She is as good a cook as her mother. 12. 不定冠词可用来表示“类属”，这是其基本用法，它表明的是某一类属中的每一个人和东西都能说明该类属的整体情况。此时也可用定冠词或名词复数形式来表示。 正：A horse is a useful animal. 正：Horses are useful animals.
小升初专项练习--名词冠词代词
小升初专项训练一名词冠词代词 出卷人Catherine 得分 一单项选择(共45题,每题一分,总计45分) ( )1.They got much _____ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories ( )2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges ( )3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home . A. 25 minutes’ walk B. 25 minute’s walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk
( )4. An old _______ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person ( )5. Help yourself to __________. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples ( )6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________. A. room’s number B. rooms’ number C. room numbers D. rooms’ numbers ( )7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________. A. family
动词,名词,代词,形容词,副词,冠词
常用词：动词，名词，代词，形容词，副词，冠词等 最重要和最复杂的当属动词的用法了，一，动词是构成谓语的主力，而谓语是句子的灵魂二，所有时态语态单复数都要通过动词的变形来体现。(v-ed泛指动词过去式和过去分词) 一般现在时v（动词原形，第三人称单数要加S） 现在进行时am/is/are+v-ing 一般过去时v-ed（动词过去式） 一般完成时has/have+v-ed（动词过去分词） 一般将来时will/begoingto+v(动词原形) 过去完成时had+v+ed（动词过去分词） 过去进行时was/were+v-ing 最简单的句子： Go!虽然是个祈使句，但也属于陈述句，所以陈述句中唯一不可少的词是谓语动词。What/Why/How/Who/Where/When特殊疑问句中，特殊疑问词非常关键。 Yes/no/ok/really/Sure/absolutely/good 动词： 包括谓语动词和非谓语动词，顾名思义，谓语动词就是做谓语的动词 一个陈述句中，谓语动词非常非常非常重要，而且大部分句子都是陈述句。 通常可以做谓语的只有两类词，一个是谓语动词，一个是系动词，所以二者之间常引起混淆 系动词就是am/is/are/was/were/havebeen/hasbeen等be动词的变形 由于一个句子中通常只有一个谓语，所以谓语动词和系动词不能共存，一旦同时出现，要么赶走系动词，要么原本的谓语动词立即变性为非谓语动词。 比如： Adogisbark.(wrong)is和bark都是完美的谓语词选，一山不容二虎，所以改革势在必行， Adogisbarking.（谓语动词bark变性为非谓语动词barking） Adogbarks.(赶走了is)同时也要注意第三人称单数时动词后要加S 一般现在时是最简单的时态，还好对付，如果遇到下列时态呢 过去时，MyfatherwasboughtatreeforChristmas. 这时，被动语态会被无辜牵连进来，因为被动语态的构成为be+v-ed
英语语法专项练习(名词、冠词、数词、代词)
名词专项练习 选择正确的答案 1.Are those ____? No ,they aren't. They're____. A.sheep;cows B.sheep;cow C.sheeps;cow D.sheeps; cows 2.Mum, I'm quite thirsty. Please give me____. A.two orange B.two bottles of orange C.two bottles orange D.two bottles of oranges 3.I have got ___news from my friend. Do you want to know? A.a very good B.any C.a piece of D.two pieces 4.____room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy's and Lily D.Lucy's and Lily's 5.Every morning Mr.Smith takes a ___to his office. A.20 minutes' walk B.20 minute's walk C.20-minutes walk D.20-minute walk 6.This is James Allan Green.We can call him ____. A.Mr. Green B.Mr. Allan C.Mr. James D.James Green 7.Jake and Tom are____. A.good friends B.good friend C.a good friend D.good a friend 8.It's only about ten____walk to the nearest post office. A.minutes B.minute's C.minutes' D.minute 9.He often has____for breakfast. A.two breads B.two piece of bread C.two pieces of bread D.two pieces of breads 10.Mrs.Green has two____. They're very bright. A.childs B.child C.children's D.children 11.What did the headmaster say about Jim's ____. A.two months holiday B.two months' holiday C.two-month holiday . D.two month's holiday 12.I won't go there with you, for I have a lot of ____to do. A.works B.job C.work D.woking 13.Li Lei is a friend of ____. A.I sister B.my sister's C.me sister D.my sister of 14.Have you read ____? A.today's B.today paper C.the today's paper D.today's paper 15.How many ____are there in the room? A.boxes B.box C.boxs D.boxxes 16.Many ____have been built in our city since 1987. A.factorys B.factories C.factoryes D.factoris 17.There are lots of ____in the basket on the table. A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes D.tomatoss 18.The cat caught two ____last night. A.mouses B.mice C.mouse D.mices 19.Jake went to have two____pulled out yesterday afternoon. A.tooths B.tooth C.teeth D.toothes 20.In our school there are fifty-five____. A.women teachers B.woman teachers C.women teacher D.woman's teacher
名词,冠词,数词,代词,介词
名词 名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点： 1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语 eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C] A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. [B] A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer 2、可数名词的复数 A、不规则变化： man—men ; woman—women ;child—children policeman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化 1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz] 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 s eg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz] 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. knives [naivz] 4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s] 5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz] 但注意以下几点： ① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes ②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese ③由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor — men doctors ④ reef—reefs ⑤“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans ⑥ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy. 3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是“……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意： 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s” Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.
名词代词冠词数词介词连词(讲义和练习)
中考考点一、名词 一、名词的复数： 1.名词变复数的规则形式 1).一般情况下直接加s book------books cup-----cups 2).以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es . city-------cities family-----families 3).以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es . bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------wathes 4).以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es . tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes 5).以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es . leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的。 man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3.单数和复数形式相同。 deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4.某国人的复数。 1). 中、日不变。Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变。Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3). 其余s加后面。American -----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词： 1.不可数名词： 1).不能直接用数字表数量2).不能直接加a或an 3).没有复数形式 4).可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰5).可用“量词短语”表示 2.不可数名词的数量的表示方法： a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词 a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格： 1. ’s 所有格。 1).用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom . 2). 1).用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时，这时分别在每个名词后加“’s.”These are ________________(Tom and Jack ) school bags . 3).以s结尾的名词，变所有格时在s后加“’”,不以s 结尾的复数名词，仍加“’s”Teachers’ Day Children’s Day 4).表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s 代表全称。 at the doctor’s at the Bob’s 5).由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面。 This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil . 6).表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加’s 来构成所有格。 an hour’s ride two weeks’ time China’s capital 2.of 所有格：