高中英语主谓一致语法讲义(含精选练习)

高中英语主谓一致语法讲义(含精选练习)
高中英语主谓一致语法讲义(含精选练习)

Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致

在句子中,谓语动词必须在人称和数两方面和它的主语保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。

主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:

1. a. He and I are both students of this school.(我和他都是这所学校的学生。)

b. The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.(那个歌唱家兼舞蹈

演员要给我们表演。)

★总结:______连接两个或两个以上不同人或事物的时候,谓语动词用____数(如句a。);但如果连接两个以上的名词______________,谓语动词用单数。

(如句b)

2. a. The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street.

b. Mary, like many girls, loves dancing.

c. All the students, including Tom, are leaving.

★总结:如所给例句,如果句子中有______, ________,________或者along with, but, as well as, without, except, besides这些连接词与主语连用,谓语动词与连接词的_______(前&后)部分保持一致。

3. a. What he is doing seems very important.

b. Collecting stamps is his hobby.

★总结: 如果主语是__________,____________或者不定式的时候,谓语动词用______数。

4. a. Neither you nor I am wrong.

b. Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.

★总结:Or, either…or, _____...______, __________....___________在句子中连接主语的时候,谓语动词遵循____________原则。

(注:此原则还适用与there be 句型。如:There are many books and a pen in my bag.)

5. a. All of the apples are rotten.

b. All of the apple is rotten.

c. None of the money is left.

d. None of the students were ther

e.

★总结:不定代词all, more, some, any, none 作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。

6. a. Half of the students have finished their composition.

b. Half of the apple is bad.

c. About 60 percent of the students in our school are boys.

★总结:the rest of ,_________.___________.part of, majority of , one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词______________________________.

7. 集合名词做主语,动词可用单数也可用复数。主要由句子的意思来决定。强调整体谓语用单数。这一类常见的集合名词有:________________________(列出五个)

8.复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词要用单数。

e.g. Someone is asking for you.

Everything is nothing.

9.有些名词单数和复数形式一样,做主语的时候其谓语动词根据上下文来决定。这一类名词有:works,deer______________(列出2个)

10.every…and every…; each…and each…; no…and no… 在这些短语中and连接的单数名词,整个短语在句中做主语时,谓语动词常用单数。

e.g. Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent.

No sound and no voice is heard.

11. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语,谓语也用单数。

e.g. Many a boy has seen it.

12.表示时间,距离,价格,度量衡等的复数名词做主语时,谓语动词常用单数。

e.g.Thirty years is not a long time.

语法当堂练:

1. About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south, the rest of them _____ from the north and foreign countries.

A. are/is

B. are/are

C. is/are

D. are

2. Half of the workers here _____ under 30 _____.

A. is/years

B. are/year old

C. is/years old

D. are/years of age

3. Now Tom with his classmates _____ football on the playground.

A. play

B. are playing

C. plays

D. is playing

4. The number of pages in this dictionary _____ about two thousand.

A. are

B. has

C. have

D. is

5. Thirty dollars _____ too expensive.

A. are

B. is

C. were

D. be

6. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. has

7. The secretary and principal _____ at the meeting now.

A. are speaking

B. is speaking

C. were making a speech

D. have a speech

8. "If anybody _____, please put down _____ name," said the teacher to the monitor.

A. wants to buy the book/his

B. want to buy the book/their

C. will buy the book/one's

D. wants to have the book bought/her

9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _____ in the room.

A. are

B. is stayed

C. is

D. are left

10. Having arrived at the station, _____.

A. it was found that the train had left

B. the train had left

C. the train was found left

D. he found that the train had left

1-5 BDDDB 6-10 ABACD

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