2015仁爱英语七年级下Unit5topic2课本知识点同步讲解与练习
Unit5Our school life
Topic2 A few students are running around the playground 一．重点语法部分
1.现在进行时态：表示正在进行或发生的动作。
现在进行时的构成：是由助动词be(am/is/are)+doing(动词的现在分词)构成句子的谓语。七主要句型可以归纳为如下几种：
(1) 肯定句：主语+be+doing+sth.
I am running. You are running. He/She is running.
(2)否定句：主语+be+not+doing+sth.
I’m not running. You aren’t running. He/She isn’t running (3) 一般疑问句：Be+主语+doing+sth.?
回答：Yes,主语（代词）+be./ No,主语（代词）+be+not.
—Are you running? —Yes, I am./—No, I am not.
—Is he/she running? —Yes, he/she is./ —No. he/she isn’t.
(4) 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+doing+sth.?
What are you doing,Jane?
2.现在分词的构成规则
1) 一般在动词原形末尾ing
drink----drinking buy-----buying call----calling work→ working
2) 以不发音e结尾的动词，去e加ing
make→making give-----giving come----coming drive----driving
3) 在重读闭音节词中，以一个辅音字母结尾，且这个辅音字母前只有一个元音字母的词，
先双写这个辅音字母，再加ing
put→ putting plan----planning swim----swimming sit---sitting
4) 以ie为重读音节结尾的动词，把ie变为y，再加ing。
die→ dying lie→ lyi ng
5) 以er音节结尾的动词，先去e再加ing
prefer→prefering water→ watering
6) 以er结尾的动词，如果是重读音节结尾，先双写r再加ing；如果不是重读音节结尾，
直接加ing。
P refer→ preferring water→ watering
7) 以y结尾的动词变为现在分词时，y不变，直接加上ing.
play→ playing study→ studying fly→ flying buy→ buying
3.什么情况下用现在进行时
1) 表示现在或说话时正在进行的动作，常与now, at the moment连用，有时也和look，listen,
It’s !...o’clock.等连用。e.g I’m reading a book now.
2) 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
e.g They’re working on a farm this week.
3) 表示经常反复的动作，常与always等频度副词连用，含有赞赏、厌恶、不满等感情色彩.
e.g. She is always helping others. 她总是帮助别人。（赞赏）
4) 某些行为动词的现在进行时形式可以表示将来,常常有意图,安排或打算的含义,并且可与表将来的时间状语连用,仅限于少数动词（多为表示位置移动的动词），如go，come，fly, return，arrive，leave，stay等。
e.g They are flying to London this afternoon. We are going to Hong Kong tomorrow.
Steve is coming tomorrow evening.
口诀：Look, Listen是标志，现在进行正发生；
有时now在句中现，“be＋v－ing”时态成。
若问be用何形式，须看主语数、人称。
He/She is, I am．We, you, they后are紧跟。
v－ing形式更好记，三种构成要分清。
一般问句be提前，be后加not否定成！
Section A
一．重点词汇
run around the playground 绕着操场do one’s homework做家庭作业Watch TV 看
电视make cards 做卡片would like to do sth想要做某事play basketball 打篮球
see you soon一会见on the telephone 在电话中in the classroom 在教室里
play cards打牌computer room 电脑室dining room 餐厅teachers’ office教师办公室classroom building 教学楼in the library 在图书馆
二.重点详解
1. What are you doing now? 你现在在做什么？
这是一个由what引导的特殊疑问句，用于问别人此刻正在做什么事情。
2.Are you doing your homework? 你在做作业吗？
是现在进行时的一般疑问句，肯定回答：
Yes, 主语+Be; 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not.（Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.）
3. would you like to do play basketball?
Would you like to.....?你想或愿意做......吗？相当于Do you want to do ......?
4.do some cleaning 打扫卫生。相似的结构：do some shopping 买东西
do some reading 读书do some fishing 钓鱼do some cooking 做饭
Section B
一．重点词汇
English workbooks 英语练习册look for 寻找how long 多久two weeks 2周
on the shelves 在书架上return sth on time 准时归还某物English newspapers英语报纸lost and found 失物招领处ID card 身份证family photo全家福call sb打电话给某人student card 学生卡
二.重点详解
1.May I borrom some English workboos?我可以借一些英语练习册吗？
May I borrow........? 是表达请求允许的句型。may在此表示请求对方许可，常用Yes, please./Yes, of course. / Certainly.等来做肯定回答。
否定回答用mustn’t.
E.g. May I come in?----Yes, pleae.“可以，请吧”
否定回答为：\No, you mustn’t.“不，不可以”
May I use your phone? 我能用你电话吗？No, you mustn’t.
2.The girl loos for the books on the shelves. 女孩在书架上找书。
①Look for 是“寻找”的意思，强调的是找的动作；
上学期学过的单词find 意思是“找到、发现”强调的是找的结果。
E.g 1.I am my pen everywhere(到处)，but I can’t it.
What are you ________________ ?---- I am ___________ my schoolbag.
②on the shelves 意为“在书架上”，shelf 复数为shelves.
3.How long can I keep them? 我能借多久
keep , borrow和lend 都有“借用”的意思，但是区别之处在于：
borrow 表示主语借进borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物
e.g. You can borrow this book from the library.
May I borrow your eraser?
lend 表示主语借出lend sb. sth. ( lend sth. to sb.) 把某物借给某人
e.g Can you lend your car to me?
They often lend us their ball.
keep 表示借多长时间，借多久，意为“保存，保留”
keep 和borrow, lend区别是borrow和lend是瞬间动词,而keep是延续性动词,表示借一段时间, 后常跟上一段时间
e.g You may keep this book for two weeks.
-----Hello Jane, May I_______ your bike?
----- I’m sorry, but my bike is broken(坏了). You can ask Lileifor it,
he’ll ______ it to you.
------Ok, I will try.
How long 意为“多长时间，多久”用于提问一段时间
how often 意为“多久一次”用于提问频率。
e.g. How long can I keep it? 我能借多久?
How ofen do you have English classes?--- Twice one week.
与how相关的短语：
how often多常how many多少how much多少钱how old多大
I will keep the book for 3 weeks. (划线部分提问)
will you keep the book?
He usually go to the zoo once a week.（对划线部分提问）
does he usually go to the zoo.
4.You must return them on time.你必须准时归还。
Return V（动词）
①“归还” return= give back。
return sth. (to sb.)= give sth. back to sb. 把某物还给某人。
Please return the book to me now. = Please give the book back to me now.
② return to“回到…”，相当于come back to…
E.g He will return from America next month.
on time“准时,按时”强调不早不迟到达
in time: “及时”,强调在规定的时间以前到达
e.g. We must go to work on time.
The students can get there in time.
用in time/on time填空。
He goes to bed ___________ everyday.
5.Thank yo u all the same. “还是要谢谢你。”= Thank you anyway.
是你向别人寻求帮助，但别人无法帮助你时你作的回答。
6.Excuse me,do you have any English newspapers?
Some 和any 用法：some 常用于肯定句，any 常用否定句和疑问句
--I have some tea here.我这儿有些茶叶.
--I can’t see any tea.我没看见茶叶.
--Do you have any friends at school?你在学校有些朋友吗?
但在表示建议,反问,请求的疑问句中,或期望得到肯定回答时,多用some而不用any.如：
Would you like some coffee?你要不要来点咖啡?
What about some fruit juice?来点水果汁如何?
用some 和any 来填写下面句子。
(1). I have _____________good friends in my class.
(2).Is there ____________water in the bottle ?
(3).Do you have ____________________money ?
(4).They don’t have ______________time to go there.
(5).There are ________________cakes on the table.
(6).I don’t have __________________milk for breakfast.
7.Michael and a girl are talking at the Lost and Found.
Los t and Found “失物招领处”作为标志时，除了and，其他首字母要大写。8. Can I help you? 是服务员的常用语，不同场合具有不同的含义。
类似的还有：May I help you?/ What can I do for you?/ Is there anything can
I do for you?等
9. What’s in it? 里面有什么
What’s in+sth 表示哪里有什么东西
E.g What’s in your purse? 钱包里有什么东西?
10.Here is a wallet. 此句是倒装句。Here, there等副词置于句首时，经常与go，come等动词连用。主语如果是普通名词，全句需要完全倒装，主语如果为代词，不需要倒装。 e.g. There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Here he comes. 他来了。
There______ _____ 他在那儿。
Here_____ ______ _____ 这就是那只猫。
Section C
一．重点词汇
show sb around 带领某人参观on the playground 在教师
run around the playground 绕着操作跑have a soccer game 举行足球赛
play basketball 打篮球swimming pool 游泳池over there 那里
play ping-pong 打篮球in the classroom 在教师里have lessons上课
do one’s homework 做家庭作业write a letter写信a few student 几个学生
clean the blackboard 擦黑板read English newspapers读英语报
draw pictures 画画listen to music 听音乐play games玩游戏
二.重点详解
1. Miss Wang is showing a new student around the school.
show sb. around 领某人参观；带某人巡视
e.g. Tim is showing us around the farm. Tim正带着我们参观农场。
2. A few students are running around the playground.
A few 在这里是表示“有几个学生”的意思。
few, little, a few, a little的用法讲解
few 修饰或代替可数名词复数，意为“很少，几乎没有”，表示否定含义
little修饰或代替不可数名词复数，意为“很少，几乎没有”，表示否定含义
a few 修饰或代替可数名词复数，意为“一些，少许”，表示肯定含义
a little 修饰或代替不可数名词复数，意为“一些，少许”，表示肯定含义
e.g. a few apples 几个苹果few apples 几乎没有苹果
a little water一点儿水little water 几乎没有水
a little+ adj. 表示“有点儿......” a little easy 有点容易
( ) 1. This is a very old song, so _________ young people know it.
A. few
B. little
C. a few
D. a little
( ) 2 . There aren’t many oranges here, but you can take _________ if （如果）you want to.
A. few
B. a few
C. a little
D. little
( ) 3. Now ___ young people walk to school,they always go to school by bike.
A. few
B. a few
C. a little
D. little
3. He is writing a letter 写信
write (a letter) to sb.给某人写信.
Tom is writing to Kangkang. Tom在给康康写信。
write (a letter) back to sb.给某人回信
Kangkang is writing back to Tom. 康康在给Tom回信。
4. He is cleaning the blackboard at the back of the classroom.
At the back of 意为“在......后部”。指在范围内部的后部
at the back of a house 在房子的后部
5. at the moment= now “此刻，现在”，常用于现在进行时
6.Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日语的n.日本人,日语
当Japanese表示日本人时,是可数名词,单复数同形(与Chinese用法相同) ，当Japanese表示日语时为不可数名词。
e.g Two Japanese and three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.
Section D
一．重点词汇：
In the room 在房间in the office 在办公室in the gym在体育馆love doing sth 喜欢做某事talk to sb和某人交谈on the Great Wall 在长城上
二．重点详解
1..Here are some photos of his.这儿有一些他的照片。
名词+of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格-------双重所有格
e.g a friend of Sam’s 萨姆的一个朋友a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
2.He looks happy because he loves swimming.
①love doing sth习惯性的爱好和习惯意思为“喜欢做某事”
同义词组为：like doing sth
love to do sth一次性的动作或目前想做的事
e.g She loves reading in bed. I love to go swimming today.
②because引导原因状语从句，常用来回答why问句。
Because与so 不能同时出现。
e.g. Why do you want to visit the Great Wall?
→ Because it’s very wonderful.
3.In picture 3, he is talking to a Japanese girl on the Great Wall.
talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”
巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell
①talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。
②speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。
③say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。
④tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie 说谎, tell a story讲故事等固定搭配。
用talk,say,speak,tell 填空。
The teacher ask us not to______ with each other in the class. May I _____ to Jane?
He can _____ Japanese and English.
What does he______ in the email?
4.also 与too 都有“也”的意思, also用在句中, too用在句末
e.g Helen is also a student.
I have long hair and she has long hair, too.
典型习题:
(1)—Excuse me, how long may I______ the book?
---For two weeks.
A. borrow
B.keep
C.lend
D.buy
(2)---Hi, Xiao Qi, I would like to go to the zoo this Sunday.
I like watching animals best.
----I _____like watching animals best.
A .too B.either C.also D.and
(3)----Could you come please? I want some help.
----_______
A. Yes, I could.
B.You’re welcome.
C. Sure, I’m coming now.
D.That’s all right.
(4)---Bob, may I_____your MP4?
---Sure,but you’d better not______it to others.
A.lend, lend
B.lend,borrow
C.borrow,borrow
D.borrow,lend
(5)She’s_____her purse, but she can’t______it. Let’s help her.
A.find; look for
B.looking for; find
C. look for; find
D.finding; look for
(6)----What is your mother doing?
----My mother is______Miss Li.
A. talk with
B.talking with
C.talk to
(7)---Can I_____a soccer_____the gym?
---Of course, you can.
A.borrow;to
B.lend; from
C.borrow;from
D.borrowing;from
(8)---How long______your story book?
---Three days.
A.I can keep
B.can I borrow
C.I can borrow
D.can I keep
句型转换:
(1)----Are the children swimming in the swimming pool?(做否定回答)
----______,______ ________
(1) They are watching TV.(改为一般疑问句)
_______ _______watching TV?
(2) I’对划线部分提问)
______are you_______?
(3) The boys often play soccer on the playground.(改为现在进行时) The boys______ _______soccer on the playground.
(4) 对划线部分提问)
______ _______can he keep the MP4?
根据句意和汉语提示完成下列句子
(1)---Where is Chen Kang?
----He is playing basketball_____ ______ ________(在操场上)
(2)---Hello! Li Ming. What are you doing?
----I am_____ ______ ______(做作业)
(3)---Look, what are they doing?
---They are_____ _____(寻找)Jim’s bag.
(4)---What class are they having?
---They are____ _____ ________(玩电脑游戏)now.
(5)---Where is Mr.Wang_____ _______ ________(此刻)?
(6)I have ____ _____(几个)good friend.
一般现在时和现在进行时的区别
一、概念不同：
一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力及自然现象。而现在进行时表示说话时（瞬间）正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。如：
She often does her homework in the evening. 她经常在晚上做作业。
She is doing her homework now. 现在她正在做作业。
二、在构成方式上的不同：
一般现在时中谓语动词的构成有以下三种情况：
①be动词的一般现在时形式：am，is，are.
②动词have的一般现在时形式：have，has.
③其他行为动词的一般现在时形式有动词原形或第三人称单数形式。
而现在进行时中谓语动词的构成是：am/is/are+动词的-ing形式（现在分词）。
三、时间状语不同：
一般现在时的时间状语主要有：always，usually，often，sometimes，never，every day，on Sundays，in the morning/afternoon/evening等；
现在进行时的时间状语主要有：now，these days，this week，at the moment等，有时句首有“Look！”、“Listen！”或“It’s+时刻”等词、句存在。如：
We play football in the afternoon.我们在下午踢足球。（一般现在时）My mother is reading a newspaper now. 我妈妈正在看报纸。（现在进行时）
四、感情色彩不同：
一般现在时往往不带任何感情色彩，语气比较肯定。现在进行时常带有一定的感情色彩，并多与always，often等副词连用。如：
Mr. Li works hard in the factory.
李先生在工厂工作努力。（说明事实，语气比较肯定）
Mr. Li is always working hard in the factory.
李先生在工厂工作一直很努力。（表示赞扬）
五、用语范围不同：
某种表示情感、意识（如want，like，know等）；表示“有”的have 等动词，一般不用于现在进行时，但可用于一般现在时。如：
我现在就想回家。
误：I am wanting to go home now. 正：I want to go home now.
他有一台电脑。
误：He is having a computer. 正：He has a computer.
六、时间范围不同：
这两种时态所表示的时间范围都可能有“过去——现在——将来”的意味，但相对而言，一般现在时持续的时间较长，甚至无限。而现在进行时持续的时间较短，可能片刻完成。如：She comes from Shanghai. 她是上海人。
She is coming from Shanghai.她正从（或即将从）上海来。
2020年仁爱版七年级英语上册测试试题
仁爱版七年级英语上册测试试题 （考试时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 注：请将1-70小题答案填写在第6页答题卷上 听力部分（20分） Ⅰ. 听句子，选择正确的答语。句子读两遍。（5分） ( )1. A. I’m Judy. B. I’m from Japan. C. I’m fifteen. ( )2. A. They are Lily’s. B. They are jackets. C. They are teachers. ( )3. A. Yes, please. B. No problem. C. Thank you. ( )4. A. It’s mine. B. It’s orange. C. It’s from Canada. ( )5. A. No, you can’t. B. 50 yuan. C. Sure, here you are. Ⅱ. 听对话，选择与其内容相符的图片。对话读两遍。（5分） () 6. A. B. C. () 7. A. B. C. () 8. A. B. C. () 9. A . B. C. () 10. A. B. C. Ⅲ. 听短文，根据短文内容，选择正确的选项。短文读两遍。（5分） ( ) 11. Jack is my ＿＿＿. A. brother B. uncle C. cousin ( ) 12. Jack is ＿＿＿years old. A. 13 B. 12 C. 11 ( ) 13. Jack’s mother is a ＿＿＿.
A. nurse B. cook C. teacher ( ) 14. We go to school at ＿＿＿. A. ten B. eight C. nine ( ) 15. We often have ＿＿＿for breakfast. A. hamburgers B. some rice C. some bread Ⅳ. 听短文，根据短文内容，找出与价格相匹配的选项。短文读三遍。（5分）180￥450￥150￥500￥300￥ 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 笔试部分（80分） Ⅴ.单项选择。（15分） 21. I have _______ old clock in my room. It’s from my grandfather. A. a B. an C. the 22. ―What’s three and eight? ― It _______. A. ten B. eleven C. twelve 23. ―Is this cap Jack’s? ―Yes, and the T-shirt is _______ , too. A. his B. hers C. theirs 24. Tom and Kate _______ in the same school, but in different classes. A. am B. is C. are 25. Jerry usually stays with her parents _______ Sundays. A. in B. at C. on 26.― What do you often play with your cousins? ―I often play toy cars with _______.
初一英语语法知识点总结归纳
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