2015年重庆大学博士生英语入学考试试题及参考答案
2015年重庆大学博士研究生入学考试《英语》试题
Part One: Listening Comprehension略
Part Two: Structure and Written Expression (20%)
Directions: For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.
21．_________ before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.
[A] Had they arrived
[B] Would they arrive
[C] Were they arriving
[D] Were they to arrive
22．_________ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent.
[A] He would leave school
[B] He left school
[C] He had left school
[D] He has left school
23．Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained _________.
[A] to be shown
[B] to have been shown
[C] to have shown
[D] being shown
24．__________ that should be given priority to.
[A] It is the committee has decided
[B] It is only the committee has decided
[C] It is what the committee has decided
[D] It is what has the committee decided
25. The most interesting new cars may owe __________ the simple wisdom of hiring a few talented people and allowing them to work.
[A] less local free-spiritedness than
[B] less local free-spiritedness than to
[C] to less local free-spiritedness than to
[D] less to local free-spiritedness than to
26. Over the years, Jimmy Connors __________ phenomenal displays of tennis and temper—and at the U.S. Open last week, he exhibited both again.
[A] has treated spectators with
[B] has treated spectator for
[C] has treated spectators
[D] has treated spectators to
27. Summer holidays spent on the hot ghetto streets are __________ the time middle-class students devote to camps, exotic vacations and highly organized sports.
[A] as hardly culturally enriching as
[B] as hardly enriching culture as
[C] hardly as culturally enriching as
[D] hardly as cultural enriching as
重庆大学考博高分学习法
重庆大学考博高分学习法—心理篇 孙子兵法中讲,“攻心为上”，“预攻其身，先攻其心”。这就说明，做任何事情首先是要心理上先攻关，空城计就是一个很好的心理战术的运用。考博从一定程度上说也是一个心理战，心理素质好的同学往往更容易应付。可不要小看这一点呀！这是你拼搏的精神支撑。之所以把这点放在最开始，也是基于它重要的战略地位啊！应该怎样具备一个过硬的心理状态，打好这场心理战呢？具体来说，有以下几点供大家参考： 首先，要保持乐观积极的态度。无论你选择的目标的难易程度怎样，无论从客观上来看，你考上的可能性大小怎样，无论你在备考时所处环境的优劣程度怎样，你都要尽量的做到乐观的看待这件事，如果感觉自己的压力过大，不妨给自己设计好考失博败后的退路，这样学习压力会明显减小的。我当时就是给自己做了最坏的打算，就是考不上大不了回家乡支援家乡教育事业，也是很能实现人生价值的嘛！这样想就能让心里轻松许多。如果你感到自己学的不大好，就想别人可能和自己差不多，因为大家复习的时间都是差不多的，智力水平也是差不多的，即使有差距也是有机会赶上的。如果复习的不是太充分，就想还不一定考什么题呢，说不定只考自己复习到的呢，万一上帝怜悯，幸运之神降临， 还能撞进去呢！这不都是可能的吗？作一个乐观向上的人，这样你赢的机会才会大！来源：考试大其次，尽可能的排除外界事务干扰，保持心如直水，不骄不愠，从而减少心理波动因素。这就要 求你在考博期间内，减少交友会友次数，吩咐你的朋友、亲戚尽可能不给自己添麻烦，哪怕是请客吃饭的好事也要减少。还有那些与考博无关的杂事，该减少的都要减少。因为这些事情，看起来是小事，可多起来就会总让自己分心，学习起来心不够静。我采取的方法是提前通知四路友人亲人，没有重大事宜不要通知我，或是来寻求我的帮助，因为我目前只能寻求自保。大家也是很能理解的，就都没怎么烦我，使我安安静静的走过了这段路。更甚至余，我连生日都省略不过了，中午吃了碗面，搞定！牺牲得够彻底吧？联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。电话：四零零六六八六九七八再次，遇到挫折或失落时，要善于自我调节。要知道，“小不忍则乱大谋”呀！千万不要因为一时的不顺利就倍受打击，情绪低落，灰心丧气。比如说作一套模拟题，打的分很不理想，那有什么呢？只是一套练习题而已嘛，又不是真的考试题，更不是考场实战，也就是这套题发挥的不好而已，或是这套题考中了自己的很多复习漏洞罢了。这种情况谁都会时常碰到的。如果每一次都伤心一次，那我想等考完，一定都博不知道“伤心”二字如何写了。所以，一定要做到心胸宽广，宰相肚里能撑船嘛！ 第四，要有自己的一套心理调节措施，或者说是情绪发泄渠道。因为人不是圣人，再好的心理素 质也有受不了的时候。这时你就要用你自己的方法，适合自己的方法去宣泄内心的不满与压抑，从而 能够尽快的恢复到好的状态。比如说，打电话给友人大发牢骚，在父母面前撒娇，到操场上跑步、打 球，逛街购物，吃最想吃、最喜欢吃的东西，看场电影……方法的选择是因人而异的。对于爱吃甜点 的我可就惨了，可想而知，我的又一大牺牲——体重！ 第五，要有同路人。这一点我认为是很重要的，因为艰辛的道路上是需要大家携手同行的。最让 我感到幸运的是我拥有一个考博寝室，有三个考博姐妹与我共同奋斗，我们相互扶持，相互安慰，相 互鼓励，让我这一路走来从不觉得痛苦和孤独。在校园的路上，在图书馆的自习室里，都能看到我们 四姐妹同甘苦、共患难的身影，这是最让我珍惜和难忘的点滴！这是一种心理上的平和与满足。所以， 考博过程中，你所处的生活环境很重要，你的伙伴也很重要，一定要建立自己的考博同盟军！ 第六，一定要树立阿Q精神，学会使用精神胜利法。具体做法是：每天早晨起床的第一件事就是
重庆大学2015年硕士英语考试
开卷 闭卷 Part III. Translation from Chinese to English ( 20 points ) Part IV . Writing ( 20 points) (Please write your composition on the reverse side. 请写在背面) 命题（组题）人： 李雁 审题人： 黄萍 命题时间：2014.12 研究生院制 学院 专业（领域） 类别 （ 学术 、专业 ） 学号 姓名 封 线 密
重庆大学硕士研究生《英语》课程试卷 2014～2015 学年第一学期 硕士生B类 Part I. Reading Comprehension（40 points） Directions: Read the following passages carefully and then select the best answer from the four choices given to answer the questions or to complete the statements that follow each passage. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet. Passage One As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn’t the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europe’s new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the irresistible momentum of individualism over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on Europeans’ private lives. Europe’s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe’s shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today’s tech-savvy workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so. Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage—twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative—dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone. The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesn’t leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasn’t got time to get lonely because has too much work. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult”. Only an Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called “The Single Woman and Prince Charming”, thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships don’t last long—if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says she’d never have wanted to do what her mother did—give up a career to raise a family. Instead, “I’ve always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life”. 1.More and more young Europeans remain single because A. they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualism. B. they have entered the workforce at a much earlier age. C. they have embraced a business culture of stability. D. they are pessimistic about their economic future. 2.What is said about European society in the passage? A. It has fostered the trend towards small families. B. It is getting closer to American-style capitalism. C. It has limited consumer choice despite a free market. D. It is being threatened by irresistible privatization. 3.According to Paragraph 3, the newest group of singles are A. warm and lighthearted. B. on either side of marriage. C. negative and gloomy. D. healthy and wealthy. 4.The author quotes Eppendorf to show that A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
考博英语历年真题
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江南大学考博英语历年考题汇总附答案
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With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.; This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation ’s largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.; Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years. 21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with? A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America. B)A serious problem threatening American economy. C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America. D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America. 22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____. A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown B) was one of the well paid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown C) made much money from cheap laborers in New York City’s Chinatown D) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers 23.The underlined p hrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to ____. A) to accept unwillingly B) to refuse coldly C) to welcome warm heartedly D) to blame strongly 24.Which of the following statements about the Department of Defense is true? A) It will become the count ry’s 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer. B) It hasn’t acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct. D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to launch a campaign. 25.What was the purpose of President Clinton’s administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign? A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct. B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibility. D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.; A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money market funds).; How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.; Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.; But short term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.; With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behi nd treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.; With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.; As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need
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(完整版)复旦大学2015年考博英语试题回忆版整理
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08重庆大学博士英语考试试题
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