2007年小升初英语重点语法复习与提高(2)

2007年小升初英语重点语法复习与提高(2)
2007年小升初英语重点语法复习与提高(2)

2007年小升初英语重点语法复习与提高(2)

九、some,any的用法

some用于肯定句;any用于否定句和一般疑问句。请注意看例句后扩号中说明的用法。

例:There is some water in the glass. (肯定句)There are some flowers in the garden. (肯定句)

There aren’t any lamps in the study.(否定句)Are there any maps on the wall?(一般疑问句)

Would you like some orange juice? (希望得到肯定回答)

Do you want to take any photos at the party? (一般疑问句)

练一练:

选用some或any填空。

1) There isn’t milk in the fridge. 2) I can see cars, but I can’t s ee buses.

3) He has friends in England. 4) Were there fruit trees on the far m?

5) ---Would you like cakes? ---No, I’d not like cakes, but I’d lik

e coffee.

6) Does Tom want to take photos? 7) Is there rice in the kitchen?

8) There are new buildings in our school. 9) Here are presents for you.

10) ---Are there pictures on the wall? ---No, there aren’t pictures.

十、动词不定式

1、to加动词原形构成一种非谓语形式,在这里不是介词,无词义。

如:I want to make a New Year card. 我想制作一张新年贺卡。

Would you like to have a picnic with us? 你愿意和我们一起去野餐

吗?

2、to保留原来动词的一些特征,它可以带自己的宾语和状语等。

如:To get there faster, you can take bus No.5. 想快一点到那儿,你可以坐5路车。

3、to前有时带疑问词what, when, where, which, why, how等。

如:He’s asking Yang Ling how to get there. 他正在问杨玲怎样到达那里。

总而言之,一定要记住:to后面用动词原形。

练一练:

1、用扩号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1) People would like ( go ) to farms in the countryside.

2) It’s time ( have ) lunch. 3) I want ( buy ) some presents for my friends.

4) Please shouw me how ( go ) to the shopping centre. 5) The thief be gan ( run ).

6) Would you like ( join ) us? 7) Don’t forget ( write ) “Hap py New Year”.

8) She was very glad ( see ) them. 9) I’m sorry ( hear ) that.

10) Please remember ( close ) the windows before you go home.

2、圈出下列句子中的错误,并改正。

1) Would you like go camping with us? 3) Helen, show ux how drawin

g a square.

4) I want to writes a letter to my penfriend. 2) It’s time for us go t o school.

5) Liu Tao wants to showing Peter’s photos to his mum.

十一、动名词

其实就是动词的“现在分词”。它既有“名词性质”(可作主语),又具有动词性质(可带宾语)。

如:Please keep quiet in the reading room. 还有我们的一些课题:Asking the way中是“名词性质”;My hobby is collecting stamps.中是“动词性质”,带了宾语stamps.

1、remember(记住)后面跟动名词,表示“记得做过某事”;跟to+动词原形,表示“记得要去做某事”。如:

I remember posting the letter today. 我记得今天把信寄走了。

Please remember to post the letter today. 请记住今天要把信寄走。

2、forget(忘记)后面跟动名词,表示“忘记做过某事(实际做过)”;跟to+动词原形,表示“忘记去做某事(实际没做)”。如:

I forget doing homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做过作业了。

I forget to do homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做作业了。

3、stop(停止)后面跟动名词,表示“停止做某事”;跟to+动词原形,表示“停止正在做的事,而去做别的事”。如:

Stop smoking, please. 请不要吸烟。

We are tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们累了,让我们停下来休息一下。

4、like(喜欢)后面跟动名词,表示一个人的爱好和习惯,意思是“喜欢干某事”;跟to+动词原形,常用于would like to do something,表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”。如:

I like taking a walk after supper every day. 我喜欢每天晚饭后去散步。

I would like to have some chips. 我想要吃些薯条。

练一练:

1、用扩号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1) ( swim ) is not as fast as running. 2) It’s sunny today. Let’s go ( fish ).

3) Do you like ( read ) English in the morning? 4) Are you good at ( dance )?

5) Where is the ( shop ) centre? 6) Would you like to go ( jog ) with me?

7) My hobby is ( play ) football. 8) Su Hai likes ( watch ) cartoons on Sundays.

2、选择扩号内动词的适当形式填空。

1) I’m sorry ( hearing, to hear ) that. 2) Jim is good at ( swimming, to swim ).

3) Shall we go ( skating, to skate )?

4) Today, my work is ( looking, to look ) after the baby.

5) I’m going ( flying, to fly ) a kite in the playground.

6) I like ( playing, to play ) basketball after school.

7) Would you like ( going, to go ) to the Great Wall?

8) Jim is asking Liu Tao how ( getting, to get ) to the History Museum.

十二、时间和日期的表达

1、有两种时间表达法:

A)直接读写数词。如:9:15 nine fifteen 10:30 ten thirty 11:45 eleven forty-five

7:05 seven o five 2:25 two twenty-five 5:55 five fifty-five

B)借助past和to来表达。past一般用于30分钟以内(含30分钟)的时间表达;to一般用于超过30分钟的时间表达。一刻钟可以用a quarter表示,半小时可以用half表示。

如:9:15 a quarter past nine 10:30 half past ten 11:45 a quarter to twelve

7:05 five past seven 2:25 twenty-five past two 5:55 five to six

注意:询问时间可用句型“What’s the time?”或者“What time is it?”。

2、日期的表达:the+序数词+of+月份。如:the third of June六月三日

注意:询问日期可用句型“What date is it today?”或者“What’s the date today?”。

练一练:

1、用两种方法表达下列时间。

6:45 1:58

9:05 3:22

5:50 8:30

2、用英语表达下列日期。

五月一日九月十日三月八日

四月五日七月九日八月三日

一月十五日六月二日十二月二十五日

3、同义句转换,每空一词。

1) ---What’s the time? ---It’s eleven forty-five.

--- is it? ---It’s .

2) It’s seven o five. It’s time for breakfast.

It’s . It’s time .

3) ---What’s the date today? ---It’s 1st October.

--- is it today? ---It’s

十三、名词所有格

1、有生命的名词所有格:

A)单数后加“’s ”,如:Su Hai’s twin sister苏海的双胞胎妹妹Jim’s family吉姆的一家

B)以“s ”结尾的复数名词,只需加“’”,如:Teachers’Day教师节the twins’parents

C)不以“s ”结尾的复数名词,则仍需加“’s ”,如:Children’s Day儿童节

注意:表示两人或几人共有的物品,只需在最后一人名后加“’s ”,如:Be n and Jim’s book

2、无生命的名词所有格,一般与“of ”构成短语。如:

a photo of his family 他家的一张照片the colour of her skirt 她的短裙的颜色

练一练:

翻译下列词组:

大卫的叔叔我妹妹的邮票妇女节

老师们的办公室他笔友的信这本书的名字双胞胎的书房孩子们的爱好邮局的大门

十四、句子的种类

练一练:

1、填入适当的疑问词。

1) wallet is it? It’s mine. 2) is the Christmas Day? It’s on the 2 5th of December.

3) is the diary? It’s under the chair. 4) is the boy in blue? He’s Mike.

5) are the earphones? They are 25 yuan. 6) is the hair dryer? It’s blue.

7) is it today? It’s Sunday. 8) was it yesterday? It was the 13th o

f October.

9) this red one? It’s beautiful. 10) is it from here? It’s about 2 k ilometres away.

11) A: Can I have some paper and some crayons? B: ? A: I want to ma ke a kite.

12) is your cousin? He’s 15years old. 13) do you have dinner? At 6 o’clock.

14) one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? The blue one.

2、对划线部分提问。

1) I can see eight rubbers in the box. can see in th box?

2) My father is fine today. your father today?

3) Liu Tao is playing football in the playground. Liu Tao in the p layground?

4) The films were on the ground. the films?

5) The girl with big eyes is my sister’s friend. sister’s frien d?

6) My birthday is on the 9th of September. your birthday?

7) I’d like a nice cake for breakfast. like for breakfast?

8) That’s Nancy’s skirt. is that?

3、按要求改写句子。

1) It’s a book.(改为一般疑问句)it a ?

2) My father is in the study.(对划线部分提问)is father?

3) do you watch TV every Sunday?(做肯定回答), I .

4) This picture is beautiful.(改为以what引导的感叹句)What pict ure!

5) Open the door for him.(改为否定句)open for !

6) I have a big present.(对划线部分提问)do you ?

肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

He is running now. He isn’t running now. ---Is he running now?

---Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

They are making a puppet. They aren’t making a puppet. ---Are they making a puppet?

---Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

7) There are some orange trees.(改为单数句子)There orange .

8) we are going to see a Beijing opera.(对划线部分提问)What yo

u do?

9) He has some questions.(改为一般疑问句)he questions?

10) They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.(改为一般疑问句)

they their relatives and friends ?

十五、时态

小学阶段有:一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时。

1、一般现在时

A、当谓语是be动词时,构成为:主语+be动词( am, is, are )+其他。如:I am a student.

B、当谓语是行为动词时,构成有两种:

(1)主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形+其他。如:We often watch TV at t he weekends.

(2)主语(第三人称单数)+动词第三人称单数形式+其他。如:Jim usually g oes to the park on Sundays.

C、句型变换:

肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

They watch TV at six everyday. They don’t watch TV at six everyday. ---Do they watch TV at six everyday.

---Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

She watches TV at six everyday. She doesn’t watch TV at six everyday. ---Do es she watch TV at six everyday.

---Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.

练一练:

A、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1) He often ( have ) dinner at home. 2) Daniel and Tommy ( be ) in Class One.

3) We ( not watch ) TV on Monday. 4) Nick ( not go ) to the z oo on Sunday.

5) they ( like ) the World Cup? 6) There ( be ) some water in the bottle.

7) your parents ( read ) newspapers every day? 8) Mike ( like ) cooking.

9) You always ( do ) your homework well. 10) They ( have ) the same hobby.

11) My aunt ( look ) after her baby carefully. 12) Liu Tao ( do ) not like PE.

13) She and I ( take ) a walk together every evening.

B、按要求转换句子,每空一词。

1) Tom likes playing basketball with his friends. (改成否定句)

Tom playing basketball with his friends.

2) David’s parents often take a walk after supper. (改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答)

--- David’s parents often a walk after supper? ---No, .

3) They usually watch TV. (对划线部分提问)they usually .

4) She is always a good student. (改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答)

--- always a student? --- , .

5) Simon and Daniel like going skating. (改为否定句)

Simon and Daniel going .

2、现在进行时

A、构成形式:主语+be动词+动词的ing形式+其他。

B、判断依据:句中往往有now、look、listen等词。注意:千万不要忘了一定得有be动词。

C、句型变换:

练一练:

A、用所给的动词的正确形式填空。

1) The boy ( draw ) a picture now.

2) What you ( do ) now?

3) Listen. Some girls ( sing ) in the classroom.

4) My mother ( cook ) some nice food now.

5) Look. They ( have ) an English lesson.

6) They ( not water ) the flowers now.

7) Look! the girls ( dance )in the classroom .

8) What is our granddaughter doing? She ( listen ) to music.

9) Helen ( wash )clothes? Yes, she is .

B、根据中文,完成句子,每空一词。

1) 刘涛的父亲正在浇花。Liu Tao’s father is .

2) 看,孩子们正在操场上踢足球。Look! The children in the play ground.

3) 她正在公园里散步吗?是的。--- she a walk in the park? ---Yes, s he .

4) Jack正在哪读书?在他书房。

--- Jack the book now? ---He is .

3、一般过去时

A、构成形式:主语+动词的过去式+其他。

注意:没有be动词的否定句和疑问句中,用didn’t否定和用did提问后,动词一定要用原形。

B、判断依据:(1)be动词是was、were;(2)动词加ed;(3)有表示过去的时间状语,现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有:just now,a moment,yesterday,last week,last night,last weekend,last year,last month,three da ys ago,two weeks ago,five years ago…

C、句型变换:

练一练:

A、用动词的适当形式填空。

1) It ( be ) Ben’s birthday last Friday. 2) We all ( have ) a good

time last night.

3) He ( jump ) high on last Sports Day. 4) Helen ( milk ) a co w on Friday.

5) She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. ( read )

6) He football now, but they basketball just now. ( play )

7) Jim’s mother ( plant ) trees just now.

8) they ( sweep ) the floor on Sunday? No, they .

9) I ( watch ) a cartoon on Monday. 10) We ( go ) to school on Sunday.

B、按要求改写句子。

1) My father came to the shop just now.(改为否定句)My father to t he shop just now.

2) I watched TV last night.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)

--- you TV last ? --- , .

3) Their teacher told them a story yesterday.(对划线部分提问)

their teacher them yesterday?

4) They were on the farm last Saturday.(改为否定句)They on the farm last Saturday.

5) David and Liu Tao did their homework together a moment ago.(改为一般疑问句)

David and Liu Tao homework together .

4、一般将来时

A、构成形式:(1)主语+be going to+动词原形+其他。(2)主语+will+动词原形+其他。

B、判断依据:一个句子中既有be动词,又有going、to和动词,且动词用的是原形,句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等词。

C、句型变换:

注意:---Where are you going? ---We’re going to Beijing. 问句中不要用到t o。

练一练:

A、根据中文,完成句子,每空一词。

1)我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I have a picnic with my friends. 或者:

I have a picnic with my friends.

2)下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

---What next Monday?

---I play basketball. 或者:

---What you do next Monday? ---I play basketball.

3)你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。

--- your mother go shopping this ?

---Yes, she . She buy some fruit.

4.)你们打算什么时候见面?What time you meet?

B、改写句子。

1)Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定句)Nancy going to go ca mping.

2)I’ll go and join them.(改否定句)I go join them.

3)I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)

to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

4)We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)meet at t he bus stop at 10:30?

5)She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)

she after school?

时态综合练一练:

1、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1)Today is a sunny day. We ( have ) a picnic this afternoon. 2)My brother ( go ) to Shanghai next week.

3)Tom often ( go ) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ( go ) to school by bike.

4)What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and (c atch) insects?

5)It’s Friday today. What she ( do ) this weekend?

She ( watch ) TV and ( catch ) insects.

6)What ( do ) you do last Sunday? I ( pick ) apples on a farm. What ( do ) next Sunday? I ( milk ) cows.

7)Mary ( visit ) her grandparents tomorrow.

8)Liu Tao ( fly ) kites in the playground yesterday.

9)David ( give ) a puppet show next Monday.

10)I ( plan ) for my study now.

2、根据中文,完成句子,每空一词。

1)杨玲正在问高山一些关于公共标志的问题。

Yang Ling is Gao Shan some about .

2)David最喜爱的科目是英语。Favourite subject .

3)谁跑得快,男孩还是女孩?Who , the boys or the girls?

4)我父亲每天起床都很早,锻炼身体。

My father up and some exercise every day.

5)你们有什么爱好?他喜欢集邮,我喜欢听音乐。

---What your ? ---He stamps and I like to music. 6)昨天我们想去参观博物馆,可不认识去的路。我们就问了一个警察,他告诉了我们路线。

We to the museum, but we know there.

We a policeman, he told the way.

7)Nancy将在音乐会上演奏钢琴吗?

Nancy to the the concert?

8)我们开始上课好吗?谁来读生词?

we our lesson now? would to the word?

小升初英语语法大全.pdf

小升初英语语法大全 一、名词 表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。 强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判 断,以免受误导。 1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”: a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和 元音后读[z]。 b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:[iz]。c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:[z]。d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。 e.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况 1)有生命的+es 读音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 2) 无生命的+s 读音:[z] 如:photo-photos radio-radios f. 不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice 判断步骤: ↗如是am、is或was→原形 读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词 ↘如是are或were→加s或es 练一练: 1、写出下列各词的复数。 I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango_______child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________

小升初英语语法总结大全

小升初英语语法总结大全 主格:Iweyousheheitthey 宾格:meusyouherhimitthem 形容词性物主代词:myouryourherhisitstheir 名词性物主代词:mineoursyourshershisitstheirs 2、形容词和副词的比较级 (1)一般在形容词或副词后+er oldertallerlongerstronger,etc

(2)多音节词前+more moreinteresting,etc。 (3)双写最后一个字母,再+er biggerfatter,etc。 (4)把y变i,再+er heavier,earlier (5)不规则变化: well-better,much/many-more,etc。

3、可数词的复数形式 Mostnouns+sabookbooks Nounsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iesastorystories Nounsendingins,sh,chorx+esaglassglassesawatch-watches Nounsendingino+sor+esapianopianosamangomangoes Nounsendinginforfe-forfe+vesaknifeknivesashelf-shelves 4、不可数名词(单复数形式不变)

bread,rice,water,juiceetc。 5、缩略形式 Im=Iamyoure=youareshes=sheishes=heis its=itiswhos=whoiscant=cannotisnt=isnotetc 6、a/an abook,apeach anegganhour

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