Obama Makes History英美报刊文章翻译
Obama Makes History
Sen. Barack Obama of Illinois was elected the nation's 44th president yesterday, riding a reformist message of change and an inspirational exhortation of hope to become the first African American to ascend to the White House.
昨天伊利诺伊州参议员贝拉克?奥巴马当选为美国第44任总统，带着一个改革者的变革信息和让人民充满希望的鼓舞人心的演说，奥巴马成为第一位入主白宫的非洲裔美国人。
Obama, 47, the son of a Kenyan father and a white mother from Kansas, led a tide of Democratic victories across the nation in defeating Republican Sen. John McCain of Arizona, a 26-year veteran of Washington who could not overcome his connections to President Bush's increasingly unpopular administration.
奥巴马，47岁，其父来自肯尼亚，其母是堪萨斯州的白人。他领导民主党在全国取得了一连串的胜利，击败了共和党人亚利桑那州参议员约翰?麦凯恩。麦凯恩是一位在华盛顿混了26年的资深政治人物，他无法割断与日益不得人心的布什政府的联系。
Standing before a crowd of more than 125,000 people who had waited for hours at Chicago's Grant Park, Obama acknowledged the accomplishment and the dreams of his supporters.
站在已在芝加哥格兰特公园等候多时的十二万五千多人面前，奥巴马感谢他的支持者们完成的工作和梦想。
"If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer," he said just before midnight Eastern time.
“如果还有人对美国是否凡事皆有可能还抱有怀疑，还有人会怀疑美国奠基者的梦想在我们所处的这个时代是否依然鲜活，还有人质疑我们民主制度的力量，那么今晚，这些问题都有了答案。”奥巴马在东部时间的午夜之前说道。
"The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be steep. We may not get there in one year or even one term, but America, I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there. I promise you: We as a people will get there." After the speech he was joined on stage by vice president-elect Sen. Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Del.) and both their families.
“前方的道路还很漫长，我们的攀登会很艰辛。我们可能无法在一年甚至一届任期之内攀上峰顶，但我从未像今晚这样满怀希望，相信我们最终一定会到达峰顶。我向你们承诺，我们的民族最终会到达山顶。”当选的副总统参议员约瑟夫?拜登（特拉华州）及他们两人的家人在演讲结束之后也上台和奥巴马站在一起。
The historic Election Day brought millions of new and sometimes tearful voters, long lines at polling places nationwide and celebrations on street corners and in front of the White House. It ushered in a new era of Democratic dominance in Congress, even though the party appeared unlikely to meet its goal of capturing the 60 Senate votes needed for a filibuster-proof majority. In the House, Democrats made major
gains, adding to their already sizable advantage and returning them to a position of power that predates the 1994 Republican revolution.
这个历史性的选举日带来了数百万新的时而饱含泪水的选民，带来了全国各地投票点前的长队伍，也带来了街角和白宫前面的庆祝活动。它开创了民主党在国会占主导地位的新时代，即使这个政党似乎不太可能实现获得可以终止某些参议员使用阻挠手段妨碍议事所需的60个参议院席位的目标。在众议院，民主党人赢得了重大的胜利，扩大了已有的优势，重回了他们在1994年共和党革命之前的权力位置。
Democrats will use their new legislative muscle to advance an economic and foreign policy agenda that Bush has largely blocked for eight years. Even when the party seized control of Congress two years ago, its razor-thin margin in the Senate had allowed Republicans to hinder its efforts.
民主党将利用其新的立法权力来促进经济和外交政策议程。这一议程在很大程度上被布什中断了八年。即使在两年前民主党夺得了国会的控制权，但其在参议院只占微弱优势，使得共和党人能够阻挠它的种种努力。
McCain congratulated Obama in a phone call shortly after 11 p.m. and then delivered a gracious concession speech before his supporters in Phoenix. "We have had and argued our differences," he said of his rival, "and he has prevailed."
晚上11点之后不久，麦凯恩打电话祝贺奥巴马，然后在凤凰城在其支持者面前发表了得体的败选演说。“我们有分歧也争论过这些分歧，”他说到他的对手，“但他赢了。”
"This is an historic election, and I recognize the special significance it has for African Americans and the special pride that must be theirs tonight," McCain said.
“这是一次历史性的选举。我承认它对非洲裔美国人有着特殊的意义。这份特殊的荣耀今晚属于他们。”麦凯恩说。
Obama became the first Democrat since Jimmy Carter in 1976 to receive more than 50 percent of the popular vote, and he made good on his pledge to transform the electoral map.
奥巴马成为自1976年吉米?卡特之后第一位获得超过50%民众选票的民主党人。他实现了改变选举地图的誓言。
He overpowered McCain in Ohio, Florida, Virginia and Pennsylvania -- four states that the campaign had spent months courting as the keys to victory. He passed the needed 270 electoral votes just after 11 p.m. with victories in California and Washington state.
奥巴马在俄亥俄州、佛罗里达州、弗吉尼亚州和宾夕法尼亚州击败了麦凯恩。作为获胜的关键，双方几个月来都设法赢得这四个州的选票。就在晚上11点刚过，随着在加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州的胜利，奥巴马得到的选票超过了必需的270张。
The Democrat easily won most of the Northeast, the Rust Belt, the West Coast and mid-Atlantic states that normally back Democrats. By midnight, he appeared to be running strong in North Carolina, Indiana, Missouri and Montana, each of which was too close to call. Obama ultimately won in Indiana, bringing his electoral college total to 349, while McCain won Montana, bringing his total to 163 electoral college votes. The outcome in North Carolina and Missouri remained uncertain.
民主党人轻易赢得了通常支持民主党人的美国东北、中西部、西海岸和大西洋沿岸中部各州。截至午夜，奥巴马似乎在北卡罗来纳州、印第安纳州、密苏里州和蒙特那州强力领跑。这四个州每个都太接近而难以分出胜负。最终奥巴马赢取了印第安纳州，使得他的选举人票总数达到349票，而麦凯恩赢得了蒙特那州，使得他的选举人票数达到163票。北卡罗来纳州和密苏里州的结果仍然不得而知。
Obama melded the pride and aspirations of African Americans with a coalition of younger and disaffected voters drawn to his rhetorical style, and a unified base of Democrats worried about the economy and frustrated with the war in Iraq.
奥巴马既表达了非裔美国人的自豪与抱负，也代表了较年轻的、对社会不满的并且为其演讲风格所吸引的选民与一个团结的、为经济而担忧、为伊拉克战争而感到挫败的民主党人结合的群体。
He is the fifth-youngest man elected to a first presidential term, after Theodore Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Bill Clinton and Ulysses S. Grant. He is the 16th senator to ascend to the office, and the first since Kennedy's election in 1960.
奥巴马是继西奥多?罗斯福、约翰?肯尼迪、比尔?克林顿、尤利塞斯?格兰特之后第5个第一任期最年轻的总统。奥巴马是第十六位入主白宫的参议员，第一位是肯尼迪，在1960年当选总统。
Bush called Obama at 11:12 p.m. to offer his congratulations, the White House said.
白宫方面说，布什在晚上的十一点十二分致电奥巴马表示祝贺。
"Mr. President-elect, congratulations to you," Bush said, according to the White House. "What an awesome night for you, your family and your supporters. Laura and I called to congratulate you and your good bride."
根据白宫方面的消息，布什在电话中说：“当选的总统先生，祝贺你，今晚对你，你的家人，你的支持者来说，是一个多么棒的晚上。我和劳拉打电话祝贺你和你的夫人。”
He added: "I promise to make this a smooth transition. You are about to go on one of the great journeys of life. Congratulations, and go enjoy yourself."
布什补充说：“我保证做出一个平稳的过渡。您即将开始人生中伟大的旅程之一，祝贺您，请尽情享受。”
The election was in many respects a referendum on the two-term president, whose popularity has plunged to the lowest levels since the 1930s, because of his administration's handling of the economy, Hurricane Katrina, and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Bush has not been seen with McCain since May, and the president has made no public appearances since late last week.
这次选举在许多方面上是对连任两届的总统布什的一次公民表决。因为布什政府在经济、卡特里娜飓风及及伊拉克战争和阿富汗战争方面处理不力，布什总统的受欢迎程度已暴跌至1930年以来的最低水平。5月起布什没有和麦凯恩一起出现过。布什总统自上周末以来就没有公开露面。
McCain's top strategist acknowledged the team's difficulties as the candidate returned to Arizona from his final campaign stop in New Mexico.
当麦凯恩从新墨西哥州的最后一站竞选活动返回亚利桑那州时。他的高级顾问承认了团队的困难。
"I think we did our absolute best in this campaign in really difficult circumstances. We had a -- we had some tough cards to play all the way through and we hung in there all the way," senior adviser Steve Schmidt told reporters.
“我认为我们在极其困难的环境下，在这次竞选活动中我们已经做到最好。我们一路上都碰到了一些极大的困难，我们一路都坚持下来了。”高级顾问史蒂夫?施密特对记者说。
He added: "I don't think there's another Republican the party could have nominated that could have made this a competitive race the way that John McCain did. . . . The president's approval numbers, you know, were not helpful in the race, but the party as a whole is unpopular with the American people, and that was a big albatross."
他补充说：“我不认为还有另一个共和党人可以提名为候选人，并以麦凯恩的方式使得这次竞选成为一次有竞争力的竞选。你知道，总统的民众支持率在竞选中是没有帮助的。但总体上共和党在美国人民当中不受欢迎，这是一个很大的障碍。”
During a sometimes chaotic race, McCain promised voters that he would reform a broken and corrupted Washington and bring change that he said the American people demand. But his economic and national security proposals largely echoed Bush's policies, a charge that Obama made repeatedly.
在这场时而混乱的竞选中，麦凯恩向选民承诺，他将改革无序的和腐败的政府并将带来美国人民所需要的改变。但是他的经济和国家安全的提案大部分是附和布什的政策，这点是奥巴马所反复指责的。
Republicans watched yesterday as the electoral map turned blue in places where they have labored for a decade to cultivate a permanent, conservative voter base that would ensure presidential victories.
昨天，共和党人看着他们十年来努力培养的永久的、稳妥的以确保总统竞选胜利的选民大本营所在地在选举地图上变为蓝色。
The party -- now clearly a minority one -- is left wondering whether the Democratic rout is the result of a coincidental marriage of a powerful personality and a terrible political and economic environment or if it signals a deeper change in voter patterns and beliefs that will make it difficult for them to recapture the White House for years.
现在显然是个少数派的共和党想知道民主党的全胜到底是一个强有力的人物和糟糕的政治和经济环境一个巧合的结合结果，还是它预示着选民类型和选民信念的深刻变化，这些变化会使得他们很难用数年重回白宫。
"This election, particularly when combined with the '06 election, means the GOP is in serious trouble," said Peter Wehner, a former Bush White House aide. "To deny that would be to deny reality."
“这次选举，特别是加上06年的选举，意味着共和党陷入严重的困境中。”布什白宫前任助手皮特?韦纳说，“否认这一点就是否认现实。”
Wehner said the party can take some comfort in "the fact that I suspect the data will show that America remains, on the issues, a center-right nation. . . . It means the core political philosophy that defines the GOP is not out of sync with the country."
韦纳说有数据表明美国在很多问题上仍然是中间偏右的国家，我对此表示怀
疑，共和党因此可以稍感安慰……这意味着共和党的政治哲学的核心并未与这个国家相左。
In a sign that Obama's race did not hold him back, he won as large a share of the white vote as any Democrat in the past two decades, although he still fell short of a majority. Preliminary exit polls showed him winning among 43 percent of white voters, while Sen. John F. Kerry won 41 percent in 2004 and Vice President Al Gore won 42 percent in 2000.
有迹象显示奥巴马的种族没有阻碍他。尽管他没有赢得大多数，但他赢得了像过去20年任何一位民主党人一样多的白人选民的选票。投票后民调显示他获得了白人选民中的43%的选票，而参议员约翰?克里在2004年获得41%，副总统艾尔?戈尔在2000年获得42%。
McCain styled himself as a maverick but ran a largely traditional Republican campaign that eroded his brand among independents, the majority of whom voted for Obama yesterday. Obama won 60 percent of self-described moderates, who had once formed the core of McCain's support.
麦凯恩把自己定位为特立独行的政治家，但是其竞选活动在很大程度却是传统的共和党人的操作方式，使得他在无党派选民中砸了自己的牌子。无党派选民中的大多数昨天把票投给了奥巴马。奥巴马赢得了60%自称温和派人士的选票，这些人曾经是麦凯恩支持者的核心组成部分。
Obama appeared to have made huge gains among Hispanic voters, earning about two-thirds of their support, according to exit polls. He also captured 95 percent of black voters. Obama also won a majority of women and took the support of 49 percent of men.
根据投票后民调显示，奥巴马似乎在西班牙裔选民中获益颇大，赢得了他们之中的三分之二的支持。他也获得了95%的黑人选票。同时奥巴马也赢得了大多数女性选民和49%的男性选民的支持。
McCain appeared to have performed more poorly than his GOP predecessors, especially among young people. He earned about 30 percent of voters aged 18 to 29; in 2004, Bush captured 45 percent of that group.
麦凯恩比起他的共和党前辈似乎表现更差，尤其是在年轻人当中。他在18—29岁的选民中只有30%的选票，而在2004年，布什在这一阶层中获得了45%的选票。
The Obamas, with their two daughters in tow, voted yesterday morning at Beulah Shoesmith Elementary School, in their Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. (Controversial former radical William Ayers, whose relationship with Obama became a staple of McCain-Palin speeches, voted earlier at the same precinct but ignored reporters' questions about his ballot.)
昨天早上，奥巴马夫妇和他们两个女儿一起在芝加哥海德公园附近的比尤拉修史密斯小学投票。（富有争议的前激进分子威廉?埃尔斯早些时候也在同一个选区投票，他没有回答记者关于他把票投给了谁的问题，他和奥巴马的关系成为了麦凯恩—佩林演讲的重要内容。）
Daughter Malia, 10, was by Michelle Obama's side when she cast her ballot, while Sasha, 7, watched her father vote.
10岁的女儿玛莉亚，站在米歇尔?奥巴马的旁边投下了她的选票，而七岁的
女儿萨沙看着她的父亲投票。
"The journey ends, but voting with my daughters, that was a big deal," Obama said later. "I noticed that Michelle took a long time, though. I had to check to see who she was voting for."
“这趟旅程结束了，但和我的女儿们一起投票是一件重要的事。”奥巴马随后说，“不过，我注意到米歇尔花了很长的时间，我必须要去检查看看她把票投给了谁？”
The simple act of voting was a prosaic close to the longest and most expensive presidential election in U.S. history, one that fundamentally changed national politics in communication strategy and voter outreach.
这一简单的投票动作是对美国历史上最长和最昂贵的一次总统选举的一个平淡的终结。这次总统选举在沟通策略和选民超越方面从根本上改变了国家政治。
Obama's unilateral decision to forgo public financing for his campaign may signal the end of that Watergate-era reform, as McCain found himself massively outspent.
奥巴马单方面决定放弃公众资助竞选可能预示水门事件时代改革的结束。因为麦凯恩发现自己严重超支。
By mid-October, Obama had reported raising nearly $600 million, including a record-shattering $150 million in September. Combined with money the Democratic National Committee spent during the general election, he spent nearly $745 million on his primary and general election campaigns.
截至十月中旬，奥巴马汇报他筹集了将近6亿美元，其中包括9月份一个破纪录的1.5亿美元。加上民主党全国委员会在大选期间的花费，他在初选和大选中花费了将近7.45亿美元。
The combined spending figure for McCain and the Republican Party was nearly $450 million by mid-October
截至十月中旬，麦凯恩和共和党的总开支接近4.5亿美元。
The general election campaign began with simple themes: Obama said McCain's candidacy represented nothing more than a continuation of the Bush administration, while McCain portrayed Obama as too inexperienced to lead a country involved in two wars and under the threat of terrorism.
大选始于简单的主题：奥巴马认为麦凯恩作为候选人只不过是布什政府的延续，而麦凯恩则把奥巴马描绘为一个缺乏经验的人，不足以领导一个卷入两场战争和处于恐怖主义威胁之下的国家。
McCain offered his years of experience and his maverick record of often bucking the leadership of his party as evidence of the kind of president he would be, and characterized Obama as a man of eloquent speeches but empty rhetoric.
麦凯恩还援引他多年的经验和经常反对其政党领袖的特立独行的记录来证明如果他当选会是怎样的总统。他把奥巴马描述为有口才但其实言辞华而不实的人。
McCain criticized Obama's summer tours of Afghanistan and Iraq as too little too late, and he mocked the lavish reception the Democrat received in the Middle East and Europe. McCain even ran an ad of a rally Obama held before 200,000 people in
Berlin, with an announcer saying: "He's the biggest celebrity in the world."
麦凯恩还批判了奥巴马夏季对阿富汗斯坦和伊拉克的访问，他认为访问时间太短也太迟，并讽刺奥巴马在中东和欧洲所受到的豪华接待。麦凯恩甚至还发布了一个关于奥巴马在柏林举行的一个二十万人大型聚会的广告，其中广播员说：“他是世界上最大的名人。”
Obama shored up his perceived weaknesses with Biden, a longtime senator fluent in foreign affairs and national policy but prone to gaffes. But the decision was well received, and Obama enjoyed a harmonious Democratic National Convention, where he was praised by his former rival for the nomination, Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton (N.Y.).
奥巴马用拜登来弥补他明显的弱点。拜登是一个擅于处理外交事务以及国家政策的多年的参议员，但他却很容易失态。该做法收效甚好，奥巴马在民主党全国代表大会中如鱼得水，并被他之前竞争提名的对手——参议员希拉里?克林顿（来自纽约州）所褒扬。
He ended the convention with an acceptance speech before 75,000 at a football stadium in Denver, something no nominee had attempted since Kennedy in 1960.
奥巴马在大会的最后于丹佛的一个足球馆内面对75000余人进行了总统候选人提名演讲，该举动在1960年肯尼迪总统尝试过，此后尚无被提名的总统候选人尝试。
Just a day later, McCain stepped on the Democrats' celebration with his selection of Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, whom he described as a fellow outsider who would "shake up Washington." From the moment she was introduced, Palin made an appeal to women, but her chief asset seemed to be reenergizing the conservative GOP base of the party that for years had been skeptical of McCain.
仅一天之后，麦凯恩便在民主党的庆功宴上投选了阿拉斯加州州长。他认为萨拉佩林是一个“可以震惊华盛顿”的同盟局外人。从大众认识她开始，她的魅力便吸引了无数女人。但她最可贵之处似乎是重新振兴保守的共和党的大本营，那些州多年来一直对麦凯恩持怀疑态度。
The weeks after the Republican National Convention in St. Paul, Minn., were the only ones in the long history of the campaign in which the party had enjoyed an advantage. But that ended as the nation's economy worsened.
在明尼苏达州的圣保罗举行的共和党全国代表大会结束之后的几周，是选举活动的漫长历史中共和党唯一得势的一段时期，但该时期随着美国经济的恶化而结束。
When the financial meltdown on Wall Street began in mid-September, McCain's advisers winced as their candidate told an audience in Jacksonville, Fla., that the "fundamentals of the economy are sound." Just hours later in Orlando, the candidate declared the economy in "crisis."
在九月中旬华尔街金融崩溃之时，麦凯恩的顾问们都纷纷避开，因为他们的候选人在佛罗里达州的杰克逊维尔宣布：“经济的基础安然无恙。”仅数小时之后，在奥兰多州，麦凯恩便宣布经济处于“危机”状态。
Such trepidation did not serve McCain well -- at one point, as Congress dealt with a $700 billion rescue plan for Wall Street, he suspended his campaign to fly back to Washington -- and Obama seemed to find traction with voters by declaring his
rival's actions "erratic."
如此的恐惧让麦凯恩很不安。在国会讨论用一个7000亿美元救援计划来解决华尔街危机的时候，他一度中断了他的选举活动飞回了华盛顿，而奥巴马通过表态说他的竞争对手的行为飘忽不定之后似乎吸引了投票者。
Obama emerged as the Democratic nominee from the crucible of the longest-ever nomination fight.
奥巴马作为民主党提名的总统候选人从严酷的有史以来最持久的提名斗争中崭露头角。
Obama stunned Sen. Clinton, and the nation, by repeatedly demolishing assumptions about his ability to raise money, his organizational strength and his ability to appeal to white voters. Those three factors came together in Iowa, as he won a convincing victory in the state's Democratic caucuses.
奥巴马通过不断地推翻人们对他的筹款能力、组织能力以及吸引白人选民能力的种种假设，使得参议员克林顿，乃至整个国家都大吃一惊。这三种能力在爱荷华州集中显现，因为他在爱荷华州民主党基层骨干会议上赢得了具有说服力的胜利。
His onetime rival worked hard for his election and Clinton said last night: "We are celebrating an historic victory for the American people. This was a long and hard-fought campaign, but the result was well worth the wait."
他曾经的竞争对手希拉里?克林顿一直为他的竞选而努力准备。昨晚希拉里提到：“我们在庆祝美国人民一个历史性的胜利。这是一次持久且艰难的竞选，但结果却很值得我们等待。”
奥巴马创造历史
昨天伊利诺伊州参议员贝拉克·奥巴马当选为美国第44任总统，带着一个改革者的变革信息和让人民充满希望的鼓舞人心的演说，奥巴马成为第一位入主白宫的非洲裔美国人。
奥巴马，47岁，其父来自肯尼亚，其母是堪萨斯州的白人。他领导民主党在全国取得了一连串的胜利，击败了共和党人亚利桑那州参议员约翰·麦凯恩。麦凯恩是一位在华盛顿混了26年的资深政治人物，他无法割断与日益不得人心的布什政府的联系。
站在已在芝加哥格兰特公园等候多时的十二万五千多人面前，奥巴马感谢他的支持者们完成的工作和梦想。
“如果还有人对美国是否凡事皆有可能还抱有怀疑，还有人会怀疑美国奠基者的梦想在我们所处的这个时代是否依然鲜活，还有人质疑我们民主制度的力量，那么今晚，这些问题都有了答案。”奥巴马在东部时间的午夜之前说道。
“前方的道路还很漫长，我们的攀登会很艰辛。我们可能无法在一年甚至一届任期之内攀上峰顶，但我从未像今晚这样满怀希望，相信我们最终一定会到达峰顶。我向你们承诺，我们的民族最终会到达山顶。”当选的副总统参议员约瑟夫·拜登（特拉华州）及他们两人的家人在演讲结束之后也上台和奥巴马站在一起。
这个历史性的选举日带来了数百万新的时而饱含泪水的选民，带来了全国各
地投票点前的长队伍，也带来了街角和白宫前面的庆祝活动。它开创了民主党在国会占主导地位的新时代，即使这个政党似乎不太可能实现获得可以终止某些参议员使用阻挠手段妨碍议事所需的60个参议院席位的目标。在众议院，民主党人赢得了重大的胜利，扩大了已有的优势，重回了他们在1994年共和党革命之前的权力位置。
民主党将利用其新的立法权力来促进经济和外交政策议程。这一议程在很大程度上被布什中断了八年。即使在两年前民主党夺得了国会的控制权，但其在参议院只占微弱优势，使得共和党人能够阻挠它的种种努力。
晚上11点之后不久，麦凯恩打电话祝贺奥巴马，然后在凤凰城在其支持者面前发表了得体的败选演说。“我们有分歧也争论过这些分歧，”他说到他的对手，“但他赢了。”
“这是一次历史性的选举。我承认它对非洲裔美国人有着特殊的意义。这份特殊的荣耀今晚属于他们。”麦凯恩说。
奥巴马成为自1976年吉米·卡特之后第一位获得超过50%民众选票的民主党人。他实现了改变选举地图的誓言。
奥巴马在俄亥俄州、佛罗里达州、弗吉尼亚州和宾夕法尼亚州击败了麦凯恩。作为获胜的关键，双方几个月来都设法赢得这四个州的选票。就在晚上11点刚过，随着在加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州的胜利，奥巴马得到的选票超过了必需的270张。
民主党人轻易赢得了通常支持民主党人的美国东北、中西部、西海岸和大西洋沿岸中部各州。截至午夜，奥巴马似乎在北卡罗来纳州、印第安纳州、密苏里州和蒙特那州强力领跑。这四个州每个都太接近而难以分出胜负。最终奥巴马赢取了印第安纳州，使得他的选举人票总数达到349票，而麦凯恩赢得了蒙特那州，使得他的选举人票数达到163票。北卡罗来纳州和密苏里州的结果仍然不得而知。
奥巴马既表达了非裔美国人的自豪与抱负，也代表了较年轻的、对社会不满的并且为其演讲风格所吸引的选民与一个团结的、为经济而担忧、为伊拉克战争而感到挫败的民主党人结合的群体。
奥巴马是继西奥多·罗斯福、约翰·肯尼迪、比尔·克林顿、尤利塞斯·格兰特之后第5个第一任期最年轻的总统。奥巴马是第十六位入主白宫的参议员，第一位是肯尼迪，在1960年当选总统。
白宫方面说，布什在晚上的十一点十二分致电奥巴马表示祝贺。
根据白宫方面的消息，布什在电话中说：“当选的总统先生，祝贺你，今晚对你，你的家人，你的支持者来说，是一个多么棒的晚上。我和劳拉打电话祝贺你和你的夫人。”
布什补充说：“我保证做出一个平稳的过渡。您即将开始人生中伟大的旅程之一，祝贺您，请尽情享受。”
这次选举在许多方面上是对连任两届的总统布什的一次公民表决。因为布什政府在经济、卡特里娜飓风及及伊拉克战争和阿富汗战争方面处理不力，布什总统的受欢迎程度已暴跌至1930年以来的最低水平。5月起布什没有和麦凯恩一起出现过。布什总统自上周末以来就没有公开露面。
当麦凯恩从新墨西哥州的最后一站竞选活动返回亚利桑那州时。他的高级顾问承认了团队的困难。
“我认为我们在极其困难的环境下，在这次竞选活动中我们已经做到最好。
我们一路上都碰到了一些极大的困难，我们一路都坚持下来了。”高级顾问史蒂夫·施密特对记者说。
他补充说：“我不认为还有另一个共和党人可以提名为候选人，并以麦凯恩的方式使得这次竞选成为一次有竞争力的竞选。你知道，总统的民众支持率在竞选中是没有帮助的。但总体上共和党在美国人民当中不受欢迎，这是一个很大的障碍。”
在这场时而混乱的竞选中，麦凯恩向选民承诺，他将改革无序的和腐败的政府并将带来美国人民所需要的改变。但是他的经济和国家安全的提案大部分是附和布什的政策，这点是奥巴马所反复指责的。
昨天，共和党人看着他们十年来努力培养的永久的、稳妥的以确保总统竞选胜利的选民大本营所在地在选举地图上变为蓝色。
现在显然是个少数派的共和党想知道民主党的全胜到底是一个强有力的人物和糟糕的政治和经济环境一个巧合的结合结果，还是它预示着选民类型和选民信念的深刻变化，这些变化会使得他们很难用数年重回白宫。
“这次选举，特别是加上06年的选举，意味着共和党陷入严重的困境中。”布什白宫前任助手皮特·韦纳说，“否认这一点就是否认现实。”
韦纳说有数据表明美国在很多问题上仍然是中间偏右的国家，我对此表示怀疑，共和党因此可以稍感安慰……这意味着共和党的政治哲学的核心并未与这个国家相左。
有迹象显示奥巴马的种族没有阻碍他。尽管他没有赢得大多数，但他赢得了像过去20年任何一位民主党人一样多的白人选民的选票。投票后民调显示他获得了白人选民中的43%的选票，而参议员约翰·克里在2004年获得41%，副总统艾尔·戈尔在2000年获得42%。
麦凯恩把自己定位为特立独行的政治家，但是其竞选活动在很大程度却是传统的共和党人的操作方式，使得他在无党派选民中砸了自己的牌子。无党派选民中的大多数昨天把票投给了奥巴马。奥巴马赢得了60%自称温和派人士的选票，这些人曾经是麦凯恩支持者的核心组成部分。
根据投票后民调显示，奥巴马似乎在西班牙裔选民中获益颇大，赢得了他们之中的三分之二的支持。他也获得了95%的黑人选票。同时奥巴马也赢得了大多数女性选民和49%的男性选民的支持。
麦凯恩比起他的共和党前辈似乎表现更差，尤其是在年轻人当中。他在18—29岁的选民中只有30%的选票，而在2004年，布什在这一阶层中获得了45%的选票。
昨天早上，奥巴马夫妇和他们两个女儿一起在芝加哥海德公园附近的比尤拉修史密斯小学投票。（富有争议的前激进分子威廉·埃尔斯早些时候也在同一个选区投票，他没有回答记者关于他把票投给了谁的问题，他和奥巴马的关系成为了麦凯恩—佩林演讲的重要内容。）
10岁的女儿玛莉亚，站在米歇尔·奥巴马的旁边投下了她的选票，而七岁的女儿萨沙看着她的父亲投票。
“这趟旅程结束了，但和我的女儿们一起投票是一件重要的事。”奥巴马随后说，“不过，我注意到米歇尔花了很长的时间，我必须要去检查看看她把票投给了谁？”
这一简单的投票动作是对美国历史上最长和最昂贵的一次总统选举的一个平淡的终结。这次总统选举在沟通策略和选民超越方面从根本上改变了国家政
治。
奥巴马单方面决定放弃公众资助竞选可能预示水门事件时代改革的结束。因为麦凯恩发现自己严重超支。
截至十月中旬，奥巴马汇报他筹集了将近6亿美元，其中包括9月份一个破纪录的1.5亿美元。加上民主党全国委员会在大选期间的花费，他在初选和大选中花费了将近7.45亿美元。
截至十月中旬，麦凯恩和共和党的总开支接近4.5亿美元。
大选始于简单的主题：奥巴马认为麦凯恩作为候选人只不过是布什政府的延续，而麦凯恩则把奥巴马描绘为一个缺乏经验的人，不足以领导一个卷入两场战争和处于恐怖主义威胁之下的国家。
麦凯恩还援引他多年的经验和经常反对其政党领袖的特立独行的记录来证明如果他当选会是怎样的总统。他把奥巴马描述为有口才但其实言辞华而不实的人。
麦凯恩还批判了奥巴马夏季对阿富汗斯坦和伊拉克的访问，他认为访问时间太短也太迟，并讽刺奥巴马在中东和欧洲所受到的豪华接待。麦凯恩甚至还发布了一个关于奥巴马在柏林举行的一个二十万人大型聚会的广告，其中广播员说：“他是世界上最大的名人。”
奥巴马用拜登来弥补他明显的弱点。拜登是一个擅于处理外交事务以及国家政策的多年的参议员，但他却很容易失态。该做法收效甚好，奥巴马在民主党全国代表大会中如鱼得水，并被他之前竞争提名的对手——参议员希拉里·克林顿（来自纽约州）所褒扬。
奥巴马在大会的最后于丹佛的一个足球馆内面对75000余人进行了总统候选人提名演讲，该举动在1960年肯尼迪总统尝试过，此后尚无被提名的总统候选人尝试。
仅一天之后，麦凯恩便在民主党的庆功宴上投选了阿拉斯加州州长。他认为萨拉佩林是一个“可以震惊华盛顿”的同盟局外人。从大众认识她开始，她的魅力便吸引了无数女人。但她最可贵之处似乎是重新振兴保守的共和党的大本营，那些州多年来一直对麦凯恩持怀疑态度。
在明尼苏达州的圣保罗举行的共和党全国代表大会结束之后的几周，是选举活动的漫长历史中共和党唯一得势的一段时期，但该时期随着美国经济的恶化而结束。
在九月中旬华尔街金融崩溃之时，麦凯恩的顾问们都纷纷避开，因为他们的候选人在佛罗里达州的杰克逊维尔宣布：“经济的基础安然无恙。”仅数小时之后，在奥兰多州，麦凯恩便宣布经济处于“危机”状态。
如此的恐惧让麦凯恩很不安。在国会讨论用一个7000亿美元救援计划来解决华尔街危机的时候，他一度中断了他的选举活动飞回了华盛顿，而奥巴马通过表态说他的竞争对手的行为飘忽不定之后似乎吸引了投票者。
奥巴马作为民主党提名的总统候选人从严酷的有史以来最持久的提名斗争中崭露头角。
奥巴马通过不断地推翻人们对他的筹款能力、组织能力以及吸引白人选民能力的种种假设，使得参议员克林顿，乃至整个国家都大吃一惊。这三种能力在爱荷华州集中显现，因为他在爱荷华州民主党基层骨干会议上赢得了具有说服力的胜利。
他曾经的竞争对手希拉里·克林顿一直为他的竞选而努力准备。昨晚希拉里
提到：“我们在庆祝美国人民一个历史性的胜利。这是一次持久且艰难的竞选，但结果却很值得我们等待。”
（选自《华盛顿邮报》，2008年，11月第5期。）
美英报刊阅读教程Lesson 1 课文
【Lesson 1 Good News about Racial Progress The remaining divisions in American society should not blind us to a half-century of dramatic change By Abigail and Stephan Thernstrom In the Perrywood community of Upper Marlboro, Md.1, near Washington, D.C., homes cost between $160,000 and $400,000. The lawns are green and the amenities appealing—including a basketball court. Low-income teen-agers from Washington started coming there. The teens were black, and they were not welcomed. The homeowners? association hired off-duty police as security, and they would ask the ballplayers whether they “belonged” in the area. The association? s newsletter noted the “eyesore” at the basketball court. But the story has a surprising twist: many of the homeowners were black t oo. “We started having problems with the young men, and unfortunately they are our people,” one resident told a re porter from the Washington Post. “But what can you do?” The homeowners didn?t care about the race of the basketball players. They were outsiders—in truders. As another resident remarked, “People who don?t live here might not care about things the way we do. Seeing all the new houses going up, someone might be tempted.” It?s a t elling story. Lots of Americans think that almost all blacks live in inner cities. Not true. Today many blacks own homes in suburban neighborhoods—not just around Washington, but outside Atlanta, Denver and other cities as well. That?s not the only common misconception Americans have ab out race. For some of the misinformation, the media are to blame. A reporter in The Wall Street Journal, for instance, writes that the economic gap between whites and blacks has widened. He offers no evidence. The picture drawn of racial relations is even bleaker. In one poll, for instance, 85 percent of blacks, but only 34 percent of whites, agreed with the verdict in the O.J. Simpson murder trial. That racially divided response made headline news. Blacks and whites, media accounts would have us believe, are still separate and hostile. Division is a constant theme, racism another. To be sure, racism has not disappeared, and race relations could —and probably will —improve. But the serious inequality that remains is less a function of racism than of the racial gap in levels of educational attainment, single parenthood and crime. The bad news has been exaggerated, and the good news neglected. Consider these three trends: A black middle class has arrived. Andrew Young recalls the day he was mistaken for a valet at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City. It was an infuriating case of mistaken identity for a man who was then U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. But it wasn?t so long ago that most blacks were servants—or their equivalent. On the eve of
英美报刊
内容提要 本书内容包括英语报刊的发展简史、新闻英语的一些基本概念和主要特点、阅读英语报刊文章的技巧以及从互联网上精选的英美报刊文章,内容包括特写、社论、国际新闻、英美国内新闻、经济新闻、科技新闻以及体育新闻。 每一类中都尽量选取能代表该类的、具有典型性的新闻英语特征的报刊文章。每篇文章后附有词汇表,除对难懂的和一般工具书不易查到的词语做必要的解释外,同时介绍新闻英语的主要特点,并对有关重要事件的背景和人物做出必要的介绍,借以帮助初学者掌握阅读报刊文章必须具备的有关知识。同时还有一些练习题,读者可借此检验自己的阅读效果和理解程度。 图书目录 Unit One Text A Italy's Golden Moment Text B Hail to the Kings 报刊英语常识阅读英文报刊文章的技巧 Unit Two Text A Jesus-Judas Manuscript Is Genuine,but is Its Story True? Text B T aking Stock 报刊英语常识英美报刊的起源、外形特征和版面安排 Unit Three Text A Why the Tax System Keeps Getting More Complex
Text B Data to Determine WalI Street's Next Move 报刊英语常识英文报纸标题语法 Unit Four Text A Health Care:It's All About the Benjamins Text B New Secrets for YouthfuI Skin 报刊英语常识英美报纸的传统分类 Unit Five Text A Any Time,Any Place,Anywhere Text B Putting Tolerance to the Test 报刊英语常识新闻及新闻要素 Unit Six Text A Blair-Bush Deal Before Iraq War Revealed in Secret Memo Text B People Trapped Inside Suffocated and Died 报刊英语常识新闻来源和世界五大通讯社 Unit Seven Text A Can Madonna Beat Guy at His Own Game? Text B Shanghai Surprise 报刊英语常识报纸的头版 Unit Eight Text A At Last,Holiday Insurance That Dares to Take on the Risk of Terrorism
美英报刊选读期末考试题目
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《英美报刊选读》标准答案
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自考英美文学选读 第一章 文艺复兴时期(英国)(课文翻译)
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英美报刊文章阅读
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英美报刊阅读教程1
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自考英美文学选读课文翻译 莎士比亚
威廉-莎士比亚 威廉-莎士比亚（1564-1616）是世界有史以来最著名的作剧家和诗人之一。凭着38部作品，154首十四行诗和2首长诗，他建立了他在世界文学史中的赫赫威名。他也被全世界各式各样的学者和评论家给予了最高的赞誉。在过去4百年间，关于莎士比亚的书籍和文章还不断大量出版。 莎士比亚可能出生于1564年4月23日埃文河畔斯特拉特福城的一户商人家庭。他的父亲的职业被传为是卖手套的、羊毛商人、农夫或者是屠夫，是一个镇上有点地位的人，并多次当选为镇委员会的成员。莎士比亚在哪个美丽的贸易小镇度过了他的童年并上了斯特拉特福语文小学。他真正的老师是大自然和周围的百姓。1587年，莎士比亚娶了大他几岁的安妮-哈撒韦为妻。妻子为他生了3个孩子，苏珊娜和双胞胎朱迪斯和哈姆尼特。也许由于要养活不断壮大的家庭，莎士比亚在1586或1587年离开斯特拉特福去了伦敦。 莎士比亚去了伦敦一处为戏剧发展提供了优越环境的地方。他既当演员又做作剧家，为张伯伦家族做事，张伯伦家族后来又成为了王族。莎士比亚的事业发展得如此的好以致被誉为‘大学才子’之一的罗伯特-格林气极败坏地地称呼他是只‘向上扑腾的乌鸦’。 大约从1591到1611年间，莎士比亚到达了他戏剧生涯的顶峰，他的作品一部又一部地不断问世。莎士比亚没有把他的天赋局限于戏院里，在1593和1954年，他发表了2篇叙事诗，《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》和《路易斯受辱记》，都是写给南安普顿伯爵的。1609年他也写了短诗并出版了。到1597年时莎士比亚已经很有钱了，他在斯特拉特福买套大宅子作为新居。大约于1610年莎士比亚从伦敦退隐回了斯特拉特福，即便如此他还是坚持写作了一段时间。他卒于1616年4月23日。 由于对莎士比亚的许多作品的创作准确时间仍然存有争议，评论家们对把莎士比亚戏生涯的戏剧作品划分阶段方面存有不同的观点。但总体来说他的戏剧生涯可以分为4个时期。 莎士比亚戏剧创作生涯的第一个阶段是创作早期。他写了5部历史剧：《亨利六世》的第一、二、三部，和《泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯》；4部戏剧：《错误的戏剧》，《维罗纳的2位绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱的徒劳》。 第二个阶段，莎士比亚的创作风格和方式变得极具个性。在不同的人物之间、现象和现实之间，莎士比亚构造了复杂的典范，他对人类各种缺点进行了精妙的诠释。在这个时期他写了5部历史剧：《理查二世》，《约翰国王》，《亨利四世》第一、二部和《亨利五世》;6部戏剧：《仲夏夜之梦》，《威尼斯的商人》，《无事生非》，《皆大欢喜》，《第12夜》和《温莎的风流妇人》；2部悲剧：《罗密欧和朱丽叶》和《裘里斯凯撒》 莎士比亚的第三时期作品包括他最杰出的悲剧和所谓的黑色喜剧。这个时期的悲剧有：《哈姆雷特》，《奥赛罗》，《李尔王》，《麦克白》，《安东尼与克利奥帕特拉》，《特洛伊罗斯与克雷西达》和《科里奥兰纳斯》。2部喜剧是：《终成眷属》和《争锋相对》。 莎士比亚最后时期的作品包括他主要的烂漫悲喜剧：《伯利克里》，《辛白林》，《冬天的故事》和《暴风雨》；和他最后两部作品：《亨利八世》和《两个贵亲戚》。 莎士比亚真正的跟戏剧五官的是个主要是两首叙述长诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》和《路易斯受辱记》，和他的154首系列短诗。莎士比亚的十四行诗都单是
英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本 第五版 端木义万lesson 5 Food and Obesity
Lesson5 Food and Obesity Being fat is be coming the norm for Americans.As it will soon be come in this country, I have seen the future, and it's extra large. By Joan Smith A friend who happens to be both American and a superb cook-his poulet de Bresse en deuil is one of the most memorable dishes I have tasted--called me a couple of days ago,enthusing about a lecture he had just at ended.The thesis,he said,was that the human body has changed irrevocably over the last quarter of a century and that the physical environment—chairs,beds, airline seats-will gradually adapt to accommodate the new shape.It is,of course,in the US, where my friend no longer lives,that this evolutionary experiment is most advanced;for years now, millions of people have been gorging themselves on vast helpings of fast food, with the consequence that about 60 percent of the population is overweight. According to Greg Critser, author of Fat Land：How Americans Became the Fattest People in the Word, none of this has happened by accident. Critser argues that the challenge to the US food industry in the 1970s was that the population was growing more slowly than the food supply, so people had to be persuaded to change their eating habits. Fast food, invented after the Second World War as an affordable way of getting families to eat together, became a means of selling surplus fat and sugar to the far-from-unwilling masses. This is a social revolution on a grand scale as scarcity, with which most human beings have had to struggle throughout history, has given way to an apparently permanent state of plenty. It may also help to explain why the magician David Blaine, suspended without food in a Perspex box beside Tower Bridge,has such a grip on people's imaginations.In an astonishingly short period of time, starvation has metamorphosed from a threat to a spectacle, and families are turning out en mass eat weekends to see how his hunger strike is going. For the fifth of the British population who are obese, and unused to doing without food for more than a few hours, the notion of someone giving it up for 44 days is unthinkable, some normal-size people have turned up to mock, throwing egg, cooking food and even trying to cut off the water supply to the hung American. Perhaps this is the point, that there are so few starving Americans in the world, which makes his self-imposed ordeal appear ludicrously self-indulgent. Yet it is possible to take Critser’s argument a stage further and suggest that millions of Americans are trapped between two industries, fast food and slimming, which enjoy a cosily symbiotic relationship. Research by a fast-food chain showed that what customers cared about was neither taster nor quality but portion size; what they have come to expect from food, and what their neighbours are beginning to want as well-obesity has increased by 158 per cent in Mexico in a decade, since fast food outlets began to replace the traditional diet-is a feeling of being stuffed to the gills. Cooking has become a spectator sport, something to watch famous people do on telly, as the populations of affluent countries rely increasingly on supermarket meals and takeaways. For many people, eating has become an addiction rather than a pleasure, and going on a diet merely replaces on morbid habit with another. In the circumstances, it is not really surprising that people are confused and
英美文学选读名篇中英对照 赏析 简介
Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The carriage held but just ourselves And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste, And I had put away My labor, and my leisure too, For his civility. We passed the school, where children strove At recess, in the ring; We passed the fields of gazing grain, We passed the setting sun. Or rather, he passed us; The dews grew quivering and chill, For only gossamer my gown, My tippet only tulle. We paused before a house that seemed A swelling of the ground; The roof was scarcely visible, The cornice but a mound. Since then 'tis centuries, and yet each Feels shorter than the day I first surmised the horses' heads Were toward eternity. 我无暇去会死亡 爱米莉·伊丽莎白·狄更生 我无暇去会死亡， 死神便和善地接我前往，我只好放下劳作与闲暇，无法拒绝他的殷勤礼让。 我们一起坐上马车， 还有永生陪伴身旁， 我们驱车缓缓前行， 他悠然自得不慌不忙。 我们经过校园， 娱乐的孩子挤满操场， 我们经过田野，麦穗张望，我们经过西沉的太阳。 或许该是夕阳经过我们吧，露珠抖动，略显苍凉， 只为我的面纱、斗篷， 还有我薄丝织就的衣裳。 我们经过一个隆起的土堆，那似乎是一座住房， 屋顶几乎无法看见， 屋架也在地下埋藏。 感觉比一天还要短暂， 虽然自此千万年岁月漫长，我初次产生这种猜测： 永恒正是马头所向。
英美报刊选读期末考试题
I.Read the following short passages and choose the best answer. (20 % ) Passage 1 GENEVA-A 38-year-old Spanish man briefly hijacked 抢劫a French airliner on Majorca Sunday and threatened to blow it up to protest 抗议France's plans to resume nuclear testing, then surrendered in投降放弃Geneva without a struggle after releasing 298 passengers and crew. An official at Geneva's Cointrin Airport described the man as unbalanced. a ．A Spanish man hijacked a French airline to protest France's nuclear testing. b. A Spanish man who had threatened to blow up a French airline surrendered in Geneva. c. A Spanish man who had hijacked a French airline surrendered in Geneva. Passage 2 TOKYO-When Compaq Computers康帕电脑and Dell Computer invaded 进入the Japanese market three years age with personal computers selling for half the price of the local varieties当地品种, rival竞争对手Japanese companies braced for trouble准备应付动乱. But instead of killing the Japanese personal computer industry, the American onslaught猛攻liberated 放纵it. Proceed by what is known as the “Compaq Shock康帕冲击,” Japanese manufacturers have become fiercer competitors, cutting their prices drastically. The result has been a boom in sales that is benefiting the Japanese manufacturers as much as the Americans. a. American and Japanese computer companies compete to win the Japanese market. b. “Compaq Shock,” has benefited Japanese market. c. Fierce competition between American and Japanese computer companies has helped the computer sales boom in Japan. Passage 3 PARIS-A bomb 炸弹exploded at a crowded street market in Paris near the Place de la Bastille Sunday morning, leaving four people slightly hurt. The police said that the bomb, packed into a pressure cooker and hidden in a bag under a vegetable stand, did not cause greater damage because of a malfunction.功能失常But the incident clearly left a deep impact on Government