初中英语冠词专项练习1

初中英语冠词专项练习1
初中英语冠词专项练习1

初中英语冠词专项练习题:

1. I read ______story. It is ______interesting story.

A. a, an

B. a, a

C. the, the

D. /, an

2. Britain is __ European country and China is ___ Asian country.

A. an, an

B. a, a

C. a, an

D. an, a

3. ______China is _____ old country with _____ long history.

A. The, an, a

B. The, a, a

C. /, an, the

D. /, an, a

4. _____elephant is bigger than ______ horse.

A. /, /

B. an, a

C. An, a

D. /, the

5. We always have ______rice for ______lunch.

A. /, /

B. the, /

C. /, a

D. the, the

6. It took me ______ hour and _____ half to finish ______ work.

A. a, a, a

B. an, a, a

C. an, a, the

D. an, a, /

7. ______ doctor told me to take ______ medicine three times

______day, stay in _____bed, then I would be better soon.

A. /, a, a, the

B. A, the, the, /

C. The, the, a, /

D. A, /, a, /

8. There is ____ picture on ____ wall. I like ____ picture very much.

A. a, the, the

B. a, the, a

C. the, a, a

D. a, an, the

9. January is ______first month of the year.

A. a

B. /

C. an

D. the

10. Shut _____door, please.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D./

11. Einstein won _____ Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

12. What ____ fine day it is today! Let's go to the Summer Palace.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

13. I like music, but I don't like ____ music of that TV play.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

14. ____ girl over there is ____ English teacher.

A. The, an

B. A, /

C. The, /

D. A, a

15. It's ____ exciting way to shop on the Net.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

16. She was ___ founder of ___ order of nuns called the Missionaries of Charity.

A. a, an

B. a, /

C. the, /

D. the, an

17. Xi'an is ___ old city with ___ long history, isn't it?

A. a, an

B. an, a

C. the, the

D. the, a

18. Nancy's sister is ____ English teacher, isn't she?

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

19. Chaffs is______ boy, but he can play the guitar very well.

A. an eight-years old

B. a eight-year-old

C. a eight-years-old

D. an eight-year-old

20. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _____ basketball.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

21.More college graduates would like to work in _______ west part of our country ______ next year.

A. the, the

B. /, /

C. /, the

D. the, /

22.We work five days ______ week.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

23.-In which class is ______ boy in white?

-He's in class 4.

A. the

B. a

C. an

D. /

24.-Where do you usually have ______ lunch?

-At home.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

25.He hit his sister in ______ face.

A. the

B. her

C. ×

D. his

26.-Have you seen ______ book? I left it here this morning.

-Is it ______ Chinese book? I saw it.

A. a, the

B. the, the

C. the, a

D. a, a

27.There's ______“u” and ______“s” in ______word “use”.

A. an, a, the

B. a, an, ×

C. a, a, a

D. a, an, the

28.-Did you see my grandmother?

-Oh, I saw ______old woman sitting on a chair by the lake. Maybe she is.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. ×

29.-Do you see ______man with dog?

-Oh, Yes, dog is yellow.

A. the, a, The

B. a, a, the

C. a, a, A

D. a, the, A

30.Who is ______better, Li Ping or Wang Dong?

A. the

B. a

C. an

D. ×

二、冠词

(一) 知识概要

冠词在英语中只有3个词,分为两类:不定冠词a与an,定冠词the。 a用在以辅音开始的单数名词前,an用于以元音开始的单词前。不定冠词用来表示一类事物中泛指的某一事物,而定冠词则用于特指的某一个或某些事物,可用于不可数名词、可数名词单数及可数名词复数前。

(二) 正误辨析

[误]This building is an university.

[正]This building is a university.

[析]a用于以辅音音素开始的单词前,而an用于以元音音素开始的单词前,而不是元音字母开头的单词前。university的第一个音素是[j],所以用a而不要用an。又如:There is a “n” in the word.是错句,应为:There is an “n”in the word.因字母n的发音的第一个音素是元音。要注意的还有hour

因其第一个字母h不发音,所以应该用an hour。例如:

I need an hour to finish the work.

It is a useful dictionary.

It is a European country.

I bought a used car.

[误]I need a umbrella because it looks like raining.

[正]I need an umbrella because it looks like raining.

[析]因umbrella的第一个音素是元音,所以应用an.常用的情况有:an old man, an English teacher, an elephant, an idea, an hour ago, an honest boy…。[误]“Can you help me”“Sorry, I'm in hurry.”

[正]“Can you help me”“Sorry. I'm in a hurry.”

[析]不定冠词的主要用法如下:

1. 用来表示一类人或事物,如:She is a teacher.

2. 指某一类人或事物中的一个,如:An elephant is bigger than a horse.

3. 泛指某一人或事物,如:A man is waiting for you at the school gate.

4. 相当于“one”的概念,如:I just bought a new dictionary.

5. 其主要的难点是用在固定词组中:

如:have a walk/a rest /a look

又如:in a hurry 匆匆忙忙

make a face 作鬼脸

do somebody a favour 帮某人忙

a number of =many

又如:have a good time (玩得好)

have a cold (感冒)

have a headache (头痛)

have a break=have a rest

[误]I bought the dictionary yesterday. A dictionary is very good.

[正]I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is very good. [析]在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词,而第二次提到时用定冠词。 [误]Please turn off lights before you leave.

[正]Please turn off the lights before you leave.

[析]虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指,也应用定冠词。 [误]There are nine planets around a sun.

[正]There are nine planets around the sun.

[析]世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词,如:the earth, the moon, the sun, the sky, the sea.

[误]I live on a second floor of this building.

[正]I live on the second floor of this building.

[析]在序数词,形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如:He is the oldest in the family.

[误]I want to learn the second language this term.

[正]I want to learn a second language this term.

[析]在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二,而其意在于再学一个,再来一个时,应用a,本句的意思应为:这学期我要学一门第二外语。

[误]Mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.

[正]The Mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world. [析]在河流名称前应加定冠词,如:the Yellow River(黄河)。

[误]Look, there are Alp.

[误]Look, there are the Alp.

[正]Look, there are the Alps.

[析]具体的某一座山不加定冠词,如:Mountain Tai.但在山名称前加定冠词后,其山名要加s,来表示山脉。the Alps即为阿尔卑斯山脉。如:The Alps are in the center of Europe.

[误]Times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world.

[正]The Times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world.

[析]报刊名称前应加定冠词。

[误]Rich are not always happy.

[正]The rich are not always happy.

[析]在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人,而在姓的前面加定冠词,姓后加s表示某一家,如:The turners are going to move to New York.

[误]I like to eat bread for breakfast. Bread sells in this shop is very good.

[正]I like to eat bread for breakfast. The bread sells in this shop is very good.

[析]物质名词特指时也应加定冠词。

[误]The sun rises in east.

[正]The sun rises in the east.

[析]在方向、方位前应用定冠词,如:in the east, in the west, in the north, in the south, in the direction 及in the past, in the future

[误]Do you know who invented telephone

[正]Do you know who invented the telephone

[析]在特定和专有事物或名称前要加定冠词,

如:the English Channel 英吉利海峡

the Panama Canal 巴拿马运河

the Suez Canal 苏伊士运河

[误]Would you please buy some food for the supper

[正]Would you please buy some food for supper

[析]泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。

[误]I like to climb the mountain in the autumn.

[正]I like to climb the mountain in autumn.

[析]一年四季前不用定冠词,如:Spring is the best season in a year. [误]Sometimes my parents come to school to see me.

[正]Sometimes my parents come to the school to see me.

[析]有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词,如:go to school上学,leave school(辍学),after school(放学),但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词,如例句中其父母来校不是上学,而是看望孩子,则要加定冠词。又如,He was in hospital for two days.(他在医院住院两天了。)而:He went to the hospital to see his mother.他去医院看望他的母亲。

[误]I bought a same dictionary as she bought.

[正]I bought the same dictionary as she bought.

[析]在惯用法the same, the only, the very前的定冠词不可换为不定冠词。[误]The police caught the thief by his arm.

[正]The police caught the thief by the arm.

[析]这是英文表达法与中文的明显不同之处,也是初学者极易忽视之处。在英语中的某些动词,如:catch(抓),take(拿),strike (打),pat(拍),hit(击),hold(握),pull(拉)…动词后应加人,再加介词on, by, in, with…之后要加定冠词,再加人体的某一部位。这时的定冠词千万不要换作his, her, their, 等词。

[误]He was paid by hour.

[正]He was paid by the hour.

[析]by和计量单位之间要有定冠词。这句话应译为:他的工资是按小时计算的。

[误]I went to New York by his car.

[正]I went to New York by car.

[正]I went to New York in his car.

[析]by仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具,而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。如:by car (坐小汽车)by taxi (坐出租车)by bike

(骑自行车)by water (乘船)by air (乘飞机)by sea (乘船)

[误]Mary began to learn how to play piano when she was three.

[正]Mary began to learn how to play the piano when she was three. [析]在乐器前要加定冠词,而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词,如:They like to play bridge when they are free. (他们空闲时爱打桥牌)

[误]The little boy wanted to go to cinema.

[正]The little boy wanted to go to the cinema.

[析]英语中虽有一些名词与go to连用时不加定冠词,以表示该名词的内涵,如:go to school (上学),go to bed(睡觉)等,但去看电影则例外,要用go to the cinema.这也是语言的一个特点。

[误]I live at 105 the Lake street.

[正]I live at 105 Lake Street.

[析]街道名称前不用冠词。

[误]Next summer holiday I will go to country to live on a farm. [正]Next summer holiday I will go to the country to live on a farm. [析]country既作国家讲也作乡村讲。作乡村讲时,一定要加定冠词,而且只有单数形式,作国家讲时则可有复数形式。如:Japan is a country .Japan, China, India are Asian countries.

[误]The picture looks better at the distance.

[正]The picture looks better at a distance.

[析]at a distance意为“离开一定距离”。而in the distance为“远方,

远处”。这样常用的词组有:

as a rule (照例)

in a hurry (匆忙)

in the morning/afternoon (上/下午)

in the sun (在阳光下)

in the rain (雨中)

in the same way (同样)

in the shade (在阴凉处)

in the day time (白天)

in the end (最终)

on the other hand (换句话说)

on the contrary (相反)

[误]The little boy and girl walk along the street a hand in a hand. [正]The little boy and girl walk along the street hand in hand. [析]这是英语中的习惯用法,如:

bit by bit (逐渐)

day after (by) day (一天又一天)

day and night (日日夜夜)

face to face (面对面)

from A to Z (自始至终)

from time to time (再三)

hand in hand (手拉手)

shoulder by shoulder (肩并肩)

(三) 例题解析

1 Mr Li is___ old worker.

A a

B an

C some

D /

[答案]B.

[析]an用于元音音素开始的单词前。

2 English is___ useful language in ___ world.

A an, the

B a, the

C the, /

D /,the

[答案]B.

[析]因useful的第一个音素是[j],它是辅音音素。

3 What ___ interesting book it is?

A a

B an

C the

D /

[答案]B.

[析]这是感叹句,因为移到原一般句前面的强调部分中有可数名词book,所以应加冠词,而interesting的第一音素是元音所以要加an。

4 He will be back in ___ hour.

A /

B the

C a

D an

[答案]D.

[析]因hour的首字母h不发音。

5 There is ___ map in the classroom. ___ map is on the wall.

A a, A

B the, The

C a, The

D the ,A

[答案]C.

[析]在文章中首次提到某人或某物时用不定冠词,而第二次再提到该物或人时应用定冠词。

6 Look at___ picture! There's___ house in it.

A a ,a

B the, the

C a, the

D the, a

[答案]D.

[析]虽然是第一次提到,但在句中的语言是让对方看某一特定的图画,所以应选择D。

7 There is ___ orange in the bottle.

A a

B an

C the

D /

[答案]D.

[析]这里的orange是指桔汁而不是一个个的桔子。

8 Beijing is ___ capital of our country.

A the

B an

C /

D a

[答案]A.

[析]capital之后有of结构则要用定冠词。

9 If you work hard at English, you'll get ___“A” in the test.

A an

B /

C the

D a

[答案]A.

[析]因字母A的第一音素是元音。

10 He usually goes to school on ___ foot.

A a

B an

C the

D /

[答案]D.

[析]on foot意为走路上学,是习惯用法。

语法专项——冠词一、不定冠词的用法(a、an)

1、用来表示“一”这个数量: Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。 He will be back in a day or two.他将在一至两天内返回。 a pair of socks, a hundred, two yuan a metre, eight hours

a day, twice a week, a cup of tea.

2、泛指某一类人、事或物,这是不定冠词的基本用法。 A grammar book is necessary to a language learner. 对语言学习者来说,语法书是很必要的。

A house is a useful animal.

3、泛指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。例如,A man is looking for you.

4、表示“每一”,相当于every 例如,I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。

5、用在序数词前,表示“又一”,“再一”。例如,I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书,我想买第四本。

6、用在某些固定词组中: a lot(of)许多,大量; after a while过一会儿;have a rest(休息); have a look(瞧瞧);have a good time(过得开心);take a shower(淋浴); take a break(休息); take a bath(洗澡); get a cold(患感冒); get a fever(发烧); make a living(谋生);in a moment (过一会儿);

二、定冠词的用法(the):

1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物,上文提到的,双方都知道的。 The blue shirt is mine.蓝衬衫是我的。 I have a car. The car is red.我有一辆小汽车,它是红色的。

2、指世界上独一无二的事物。 the sun

3、用在序数词,形容词最高级前

4、用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人

5、用在姓氏复数形式前,表示“全家人”

6、用在方位词前。on the left

7、用在乐器、棋类前。 play the piano

8、用在表示海洋,河流,山脉,群岛及国家和党派等名词前。the Black Sea 黑海,the Yangzi River长江

9、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如,the United States 美国

10、all the same仍然;all the time一直;at the moment此刻;at the same time同时;by the way顺便说; do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服;in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上; in the open air 在户外,在野外

三、零冠词的用法:

1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。Tian’an Men Square天安门广场,

2、代词所有格(my,your,his,her等)、指示代词(this/these,that/those)、不定代词(some,any等)。

3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。They are teachers. 他们是老师。Tigers like meat. 老虎喜欢吃肉

4、在星期,月份,季节,节日前: on Sunday在周日,in March在三月,in spring 在春天,on Women’s Day在妇女节 (如果月份,季节等被一个限定性定语

修饰时,则要加定冠词:He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在1982 年春季参军。)

5、称呼语前,名字前。Tom Mum

6、在学科名称,三餐饭和球类运动名称前。I have lunch at school every day.

7、在表特定的公园,街道,车站,桥,学校等之前。No.25 Middle School

8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。

(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前

(2)名词词组:day and night日日夜夜;brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻;here and there到处

(3)介词词组:at home在家;in surprise惊奇地;at noon在中午;on foot

步行;at night在晚上;on duty值日;at work在工作;on time准时;for example 例如;in class在上课;on show展览;in bed在床上

(4)go短语:go home回家;go to bed上床睡觉;go to school去上学;go to work去上班;go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/

钓鱼

四、有the和无the:

1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里

2. in front of在……(外部的)前面/in the front of在……(内部的)前面

3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替

4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去

5. next year明年/the next year 第二年

6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer一

位教师和一位作家(两人)

练习题

1. There will be _____ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon..

A. an

B. a

C. the

D. /

2. Little Tony is __________honest boy. He never tells lies.

A. a

B. an

C. /

D. the

3. Please stay for dinner. It will be ready in half ______ hour.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

4. Can you see _____ one-eyed cow in _____field?

A..an, the

B..a, the

C../, the

D..a, a

5. A: Which girl is your daughter, Mr. White? B: Oh, look, that little one in red.

A. a

B. an

C. /

D. the

6. His father is ________ engineer. He always wears _______ uniform at work.

A. a...a

B. a...an

C. an...a

D. an...an

7. ______ young man beside me is _______ university student. A. An…a B. An…/ C. The…an D. The…a

8. ______ girl with a toy in her hand is my little sister.

A. A

B. An

C. The

D. /

9. My friend, Harry, his favorite sport is playing ______golf.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

10. Last week, I wrote ______ article on our School Food Festival to Shanghai Students’ Post.

A. the

B. an

C. a

D. /

11. It’s ______ pleasure for me to be invited to play _____ piano at the concert.

A. the, a

B. a, the

C. a, a

D. a, /

12. I like to read ______ book. It’s better than reading on the Internet.

A. /

B. a

C. an

D. the

13. He ordered a book some time ago and now __book has arrived.

A. a

B. the

C. an

D. /

14. He ordered a washing machine by phone two days ago, and machine has arrived.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

15. __________ teacher said that Jack was__________ new student and he was________ honest.

A. The, a, \

B. A, the, a

C. A, a, an

D. The,

a, an

16. Tom likes playing ______football, while Lily likes playing violin.

A. the…/

B. / …the

C. the…the

D. /…/

17. Please get everything ready. Our meeting will begin in half ______

hour.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

18. It’s about half ________ hour’s walk from here to _________

nearest underground station.

A. a…the

B. an…the

C. /…the

D. the…a

19.More college graduates would like to work in ______ west part of our

country____ next year.

A. the, the

B. /,/

C. /, the

D. the, /

20.My grandpa used to have ______ walk in the garden after ____ supper. A. a, a B. /, a C. a, / D. /, /

21.The scientists from _____ United States live in ______ Ninth Street.

A. the, the

B. /, the

C. /, /

D. the, /

22.There is ____ report in today’s newspaper. It’s about the

International Film Festival, Shanghai.

A. a

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23.Mr Wang is ___ ambulance man. He is always busy with the work.

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24.The old lady teaches children to play ______ piano at a weekend school.

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25、Linda always takes ______ active part in sports after school. A.

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26、Can I have ______look at the photo of your pen friend. A.a

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参考答案:

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初中英语冠词的分类和用法讲解 不定冠词的用法 冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。 不定冠词a(an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做[en]。 1)表示“一个”,意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2)代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer. 3)词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1)特指双方都明白的人或物: Take the medicine.把药吃了。

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冠词 1、冠词分类: 冠词是一种虚词,不能独立担任一个成分,只能附着在一个名词上,帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词:1)定冠词the 2)不定冠词a/an 2、不定冠词a / an的用法: 不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。 不定冠词的基本用法: (1)表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如:There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地 上。) (2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如:A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为:一头大象比一个人强壮。) (2)表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如:He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。) (4) 表示“一”这个数量。如:There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。) (5)几个用不定冠词的习语:a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一 副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。 3、定冠词the的用法:定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。 定冠词的基本用法: (1)表示特指的人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand is Jack..(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克) (2)指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如:Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。) (3)复述前面提到过的人或事物。如:There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(树下有个人, 那 个人叫罗伯特。) (4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。如:The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。) (5)用在表示方位的名词前面。如:There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地区 将会刮大风。) (6)在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如:Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去?) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近) (7)常用在乐器名称的前面。如:He began to play the violin at the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴) (8)用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如:I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从来没有去过 喜马拉雅山) (9)用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如:He is from the United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国) (10) 用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如:The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下个月格林一家要去峨 眉山) (11) same之前一般用the。如:Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样) (12) 几个用定冠词的习语:at the same time (与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一 直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。 4、一些不用冠词的情况: (1) 专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如:China is a very large country.(中国是个大 国) / Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水) (2) 名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如:My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的钢 笔比你的昂贵多了) (3)周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如:He was born on Monday, February 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月 十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树) (4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如:Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明) (5)三餐饭前不用。如:We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)

初中英语语法专项复习:冠词

冠词 重点知识归纳及讲解 (一)概说 1.冠词是一种虚词,不能独立担任一个成分,只能附着在一个名词上,帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词: 1)定冠词the 2)不定冠词a/an 定冠词the通常读作[],在元音前读作[i],特别强调或单念时读作[i:]。 不定冠词在元音音素开始的单词前用an这个形式,读作[n];在其他情况下则使用a,读作[]。 2.冠词的基本意义 不定冠词a/an与数词one同源,表示“一个”的意思,用在可数名词单数前。 例如: She is a nurse. 她是个护士。 He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife. 他是一位英国人,有一个爱尔兰妻子。 定冠词the,与this同源,有“这(那)个”的意思,但比较弱,表示一(几)个特定的人或东西,有时可译作“这个(些)”或“那个(些)”。

例如: That’s the book you want. 这就是你要的那本书。 Who’s the young man over there? 那边那个年轻人是谁? 但在很多情况下,“这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不出现。 例如: Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。 Shut the door, please. 请把门关上。 3.特指和泛指 一般来说,名词有特指和泛指两种情况,请比较下面的句子: A gentleman is asking to see you. 有位先生要求见你。(泛指) Ask the gentleman to come in. 请那位先生进来。(特指) 在特指时一般前面要加定冠词,而泛指时则有三种情况: 1)在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。 例如: She sent me a postcard 她寄给我一张明信片。

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