定语从句专项练习-12.24
定语从句
一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。
1. The students (who don’t study hard) will not pass the exam.
先行词定语从句
主句:The students will not pass the exam.
2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher.
先行词定语从句
主句: The woman is our English teacher
3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes). 主句：A shoe shop is a shop.
4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.
引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which, who，whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.
归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that, which, whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。
1) A plane is a machine ________________ can fly.
2) The car _______________________ my uncle bought last week was stolen.
3) The students ________________ don’t study hard will not pass the exam.
4) The woman ___________________ you saw in the park is our English teacher.
5) He talked happily about the men and books________ interested him greatly in the school.
判断对错：
1. That book that you want it is on the desk.
2. Is this factory that we visited last week?
3. He is the person for whom you are looking
4. The person to whom you talked is Lily.
归纳：1.定语从句要避免成分重复2.定语从句要避免漏用先行词
3.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开
二、关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which）he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly.
归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who, whom指人,
who作主语,whom作宾语。that, which, whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1) A plane is a machine ________________ can fly.
2) The car ____________________ my uncle bought last week was stolen.
3) The students ________________ don’t study hard will not pass the exam.
4) The woman ___________________ you saw in the park is our English teacher.
5）The house __________ we live in is very old.
6）Those are the shoes __________ I lost last week.
That is the man __________ found my handbag.
Lucy can’t eat food __________ has chocolate in it.
The car __________ my uncle bought last month is very beautiful.
6. The village __________ Guo Peng lives in is very far away.
7. The boy __________ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
8. I hate people __________ talk much but do little.
9. The detective found the thieves __________ robbed the Bank of Hawaii.
10. My aunt works in a university __________ has over five thousand students.
1. The books _____ I borrowed from the library was newly published.
2. The ID card _____ I lost last week was found in a supermarket.
3. The newspapers ____ we have collected will be recycled.
4. Most of the cars ____ were stolen have not been found yet.
5. The students ____ are visiting the natural museum are very interested in the dinosaurs.
6. The girl _____ is taking care of the baby is my aunt’s baby-sitter.
7. All the women _____ were working in that factory had a day off on Women’s Day.
He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly
in the school. (which/that)
Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空
1.The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
2.The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
3.I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
4.The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.
5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.
6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.
Exercise 2.
1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t
remember.
2.Say all ________ you know.
3.Is there anything ______ I can do for you?
4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.
5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.
6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?
7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.
总结：只用that不用which的情况：
1 先行词既有指人又有指物
2 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有the only, he very 等修饰时
3 先行词是all, much,anything,something, nothing等不定代词
4 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时
1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_______ were in the fields.
2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _______ is infront of our school gate.
3.This is the very thing ______ I was looking for.
4.This is the second novel ______ I have ever read.
5.There is nothing in the world _______ can frightenme.
6.Who is the man _______ is reading under the tree?
7.My hometown is not the same one _______ it usedto be twenty years ago.
三、关系副词
when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
I’ll never forget the day when（on which）I joined the league
where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。
This is the house where（in which）I lived two years ago.
why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）”。
Do you know the reason why（for which）she was late.
关系副词练习：
1. I still remember the day _________ we spent in the forest.
2. I still remember the day ____________ I first came to Beijing.
3. The factory _________ we will visit is large.
4. The factory ____________ his father works is large.
5. I’ll never for get the time _____________ we work on the farm.
6. This is the house ____________ we lived last year
归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.
用正确的关系词填空。
1.I’ll remember the day _____ I spent with my friend.
2.I’ll reme mber the day __________ I was born.
3. I’ll remember the day _________ is special to me.
4.This is the place _________is quiet and beautiful.
5.This is the place ______________I like very much.
6. This is the place ____________ I worked for one year.
7. T hat’s the reason _____________he told us.
8. That’s the reason __________ he came late for class.
一选择填空
1. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure.
A. which
B. what
C. as
D. those
2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?
A. that
B. where
C. in which
D. the one 3. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. the one
4. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. the one
5. The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.
A. that
B. where
C. in which
D. in that
6. The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.
A. at which
B. on that
C. in which
D. of what
7. This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..
A. how you have observed
B. what you have observed
C. that you have observed
D. how that you have observed
8. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. whether
9. I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.
A. all which
B. that
C. all that
D. which
10. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.
A. whose
B. of which
C. in which
D. on which
11. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. what
12. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.
A. which
B. it
C. that
D. what
13. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the con cert we attended last night.
A. which
B. whom
C. who
D. that
14. The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing
B. is singing
C. sang
D. was singing
15. Those _______ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
A. learn
B. who
C. that learns
D. who learn
16. Anyone ________ this opinion may speak out.
A. that is against
B. that against
C. who is against
D. who are against
17. Didn’t you see the man ________?
A. I nodded just now
B. whom I nodded just now
C. I nodded to him just now
D. I nodded to just now
18. Can you lend me the novel ______ the other day?
A. that you talked
B. you talked about it
C. which you talked with
D. you talked about
19. Is there anything _______ to you?
A. that is belonged
B. that belongs
C. that belong
D. which belongs
20. ---- “How do you like the book?”
---- “It’s quite different from _______ I read last month.”
A. that
B. which
C. the one
D. the one what
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