大学英语作文 麦吉尔大学 (22)
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Good Points about Quotations
Less suspicion of manipulation or misquotation Lends outside authority to paper Computers/cut and paste make it easy Reader’s eyes are drawn to them quickly
Should be less than 10% of paper
Individual ¶s should rarely use more than one
Should be explained in the context of your overall argument, not just copied
No extra indent on right margin of first line
No quotation marks
2
You want to emphasize WHO said info
You are using info that your source quoted need to clarify original source
Quotation Format “Rules”
Quotes MUST be clearly identified by punctuation and sentence phrasing/context
Henry David Thoreau, in "Civil Disobedience" says: The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgement or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose as well. Such command no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt. They have the same sort of worth only as horses and dogs. Yet such as these even are commonly esteemed good citizens.
– “The policy change will affect [children]” – “When the policy chang[ed], they suffer[ed]”
Shortening Quotations
Use ellipses … when you edit for clarity
Shows you can copy information, not that you understood or can communicate it yourself
When to use Quotes
Original phrasing is unchangeable
Reader needs to see how original was phrased - as an example
Long quotes (4 typed lines or more) are indented 1 inch from left margin
Henry David Thoreau, in "Civil Disobedience" says: The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgement or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose as well. Such command no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt. They have the same sort of worth only as horses and dogs. Yet such as these even are commonly esteemed good citizens.
Henry David Thoreau once said , "The mass of men serve the state...as machines..."
1
Quotations should be Brief
Use smallest amount to make your point
Henry David Thoreau, in "Civil Disobedience" says: The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgement or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose as well. Such command no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt. They have the same sort of worth only as horses and dogs. Yet such as these even are commonly esteemed good citizens.
Wording of Quotations
MUST be exactly the same wording as the original source
Anything changed for tense or to identify a pronoun should use square brackets [ ]
Bad Things about Quotations
Distract reader from YOUR arguments and authority
Writing style shifts – can distract reader
Shows lack of control over information – YOU don’t have much to say about subject
Thoreau felt that any person who did just what they were told, no matter what, “command[s] no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt.”
பைடு நூலகம்
LONG Quotation
Less suspicion of manipulation or misquotation Lends outside authority to paper Computers/cut and paste make it easy Reader’s eyes are drawn to them quickly
Should be less than 10% of paper
Individual ¶s should rarely use more than one
Should be explained in the context of your overall argument, not just copied
No extra indent on right margin of first line
No quotation marks
2
You want to emphasize WHO said info
You are using info that your source quoted need to clarify original source
Quotation Format “Rules”
Quotes MUST be clearly identified by punctuation and sentence phrasing/context
Henry David Thoreau, in "Civil Disobedience" says: The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgement or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose as well. Such command no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt. They have the same sort of worth only as horses and dogs. Yet such as these even are commonly esteemed good citizens.
– “The policy change will affect [children]” – “When the policy chang[ed], they suffer[ed]”
Shortening Quotations
Use ellipses … when you edit for clarity
Shows you can copy information, not that you understood or can communicate it yourself
When to use Quotes
Original phrasing is unchangeable
Reader needs to see how original was phrased - as an example
Long quotes (4 typed lines or more) are indented 1 inch from left margin
Henry David Thoreau, in "Civil Disobedience" says: The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgement or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose as well. Such command no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt. They have the same sort of worth only as horses and dogs. Yet such as these even are commonly esteemed good citizens.
Henry David Thoreau once said , "The mass of men serve the state...as machines..."
1
Quotations should be Brief
Use smallest amount to make your point
Henry David Thoreau, in "Civil Disobedience" says: The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgement or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose as well. Such command no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt. They have the same sort of worth only as horses and dogs. Yet such as these even are commonly esteemed good citizens.
Wording of Quotations
MUST be exactly the same wording as the original source
Anything changed for tense or to identify a pronoun should use square brackets [ ]
Bad Things about Quotations
Distract reader from YOUR arguments and authority
Writing style shifts – can distract reader
Shows lack of control over information – YOU don’t have much to say about subject
Thoreau felt that any person who did just what they were told, no matter what, “command[s] no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt.”
பைடு நூலகம்
LONG Quotation