习题2

习题2
习题2

一、单项选择题

1. 在数据库系统中,数据操作的最小单位是 ( B )

A.字节

B.数据项

C.记录

D.字符

2. 系统分析阶段,图1中的四种符号用于绘制( A )

图 1 四种符号

A. 数据流程图

B. 处理流程图

C. 信息系统流程图

D. 表格分配图

3. 为了检查会计工作中惜方会计科目合计与贷方会计科目合计是否一致,通常在程序设计中应进行( C )。

A. 界限校验

B. 重复校验

C. 平衡校验

D.记录计数校验

4. C/S是一种重要的网络计算机模式,其含义是:( A )

A.客户/服务器模式

B.文件/服务器模式

C.分时/共享模式

D.浏览器/服务器模式

5. 管理信息系统的开发过程不包含( A )

A. 设备设计过程

B. 学习过程

C. 人与人之间的对话过程

D. 通过改革管理制度来适应信息系统的需要

6. DSS中的模型库和方法库是两个重要的构件,它们所存储的决策资源不同,作用也不同。模型库储存的模型和方法库储存的方法之间的区别( A )。

A. 在于对决策支持作用的“幕前”和“幕后”

B. 实际上是很难识别的

C. 实际上并不大

D. 在于对决策支持作用的大小

7. 系统分析工作的全面总结和主要成果是( D )

A 可行性报告

B 数据词典

C 系统说明书

D 系统详细调查报告

8. 下列关于信息系统和管理的说法中正确的是( D )

A.计划主要是管理层做的,属于定性工作,和信息系统无关。

B.组织职能和领导职能都是对人的工作,和信息系统无关。

C.控制职能主要和生产过程有关,和信息系统无关。

D.以上说法均不正确。

9. 信息系统安全性技术之一是( C )

A 存取控制

B 设备冗余技术

C 数据保护与控制

D 负荷分布技术

10. 关于系统分析与系统设计的区别,在于( C )。

A. 系统分析研究系统的数据模型,系统设计侧重于系统的业务模型

B. 系统分析研究系统的实现技术,系统设计侧重于系统的功能需求

C. 系统分析研究系统功能需求与数据结构,系统设计侧重于系统的实现技术

D. 系统分析研究系统的功能需求,系统设计侧重于系统的数据结构设计

二、填空题

1. 办公室自动化的具体功能包括文字、数字处理、图像处理、声音处理和网络化等。

2. 在关系数据库的规范化理论中,在执行“分离”时,必须遵守规范化原则:保持原有的依赖关系和实现无损连接。

3. 描述处理逻辑的常用工具有判断树和判断表。

4. 企业过程是在管理企业资源中所需要的、逻辑上相关的一组决策或活动的集合。

5. 结合专家系统的IDSS,知识库中的知识是用符号表示的。

6. 战略信息是关系到全局和重大问题决策的信息。

7. 计算机系统的类型可分为大型机、小型机、工作站和微型计算机。

8. 企业最重要的战略资源是知识资源。

9. 关系数据模型的特点是用户只需确定存取要求,而无需定存取路径。

10. 设计软件主要由两个阶段组成,首先要进行系统设计,然后进行软件结构设计。

三、判断题

1.对

2.错

3.对

4.错

5.对

6.对

7.对

8.对

9.错 10.错

1. 系统建设的标准化问题是系统设计说明书中应阐明的一项重要内容。

2. 数据流程图中的外部实体是指本系统的单位或人员。

3. 一般来讲,对企业贡献大的、需求迫切的、容易开发的子系统应该优先开发

4. 扇入数是指一个模块直接控制的从属模块数,扇出数是指直接控制一个给定模块的模块个数。

5. 业务流程分析中应顺着原系统信息流动的过程逐步进行。

6. 事业部组织结构形式的组织结构形式的特点是分权化。

7. 基于Web的信息系统开发技术主要包括Web网络协议、Web网页技术和数据库连接技术。

8. 没有信息技术和信息系统的支持,BPR的实施是非常困难的。

9. 调查显示,中国企业的CIO与西方公司的CIO一样,在企业决策层中身据重要位置。

10. 信息系统规划书是规划的最终结果,也是规划活动的终止。

四、名词解释

1. 经济可行性:经济可行性是系统开发的可行性分析内容之一,进行开发成本的估算及可能取得效益的评估,确定目标系统是否值得投资开发。

2. 关系模型:用二维表的形式来表示实体和实体间联系的数据模型。

3. 信息系统:信息系统是一个人造系统,它由人、计算机硬件、软件和数据资源组成,目的是及时、正确地收集、加工、存储、传递和提供决策所需的信息,实现组织中各项活动的管理.调节和控制。

4. 模块耦合:模块间的信息联系方式称为模块的耦合,它是衡量模块之间结构性能的重要指标。

5. 办公自动化:简称为OA,是指利用先进的科学技术,不断使人的办公业务活动物化于人以外的各种设备中,并由这些设备与办公室人员构成服务于某种目标的人―机信息处理系统,其目的是尽可能充分地利用信息资源,提高生产率、工作效率和质量、辅助决策、求取更好的效果以达到既定(即经济、政治、军事或其它方面的)目标。

五、综合应用题

1. 按以下流程画出处理的业务流程图。

某一发放工资的工作按如下方式完成:劳资员核算工资后填制工资表,报财务科及厂长审批;财务科(会计)对工资表汇总后填写工资汇总凭证,交出纳员;出纳员按工资表发放工资。 劳资员

工资发放业务流程图

会计

财务科厂长出纳员

结束开始

核算工资汇总工资表

审批填写工资

汇总凭证发放工资

工资汇总凭证

工资表

审批

2. 已知产品入库管理的过程是:从生产车间将制造出来的产品连同填写好的入库单一起送至仓库,仓库检验员首先进行产品质量与入库单检验,不合格的产品和入库单退回车间,而合格的产品由保管员进行产品入库处理,同时登记入库流水账。请根据入库管理的过程画出它的业务流图。

六、简答题

1. 企业过程重组的基本原则是什么?

横向集成活动,实行团队工作方式(2)纵向压缩组织,使组织扁平化;(3)权力下放,授权员工自行做出决定;推行并行工程。

2. 简述数据库设计大致经历几个阶段?

(1)概念结构设计(2)逻辑结构设计(3)物理结构设计

3. 关系模型中的关系应有的性质

(1)关系中每一个属性值不可分解,不允许出现重复值;(2)属性的取值范围称值域,每个属性对应一个值域,不同属性可对应同一值域。(3)关系中元组代表具体实体,不允许出现相同元组。

4. 系统设计报告内容

(1)系统总体设计方案(2)代码设计方案(3)输入输出设计方案(4)文件设计方案(5)程序设计说明书

七、案例分析题

1. 海尔公司步入信息化时代

海尔集团是国家特大型企业,是在1984年引进德国利勃海尔电冰箱生产技术成立的青岛电冰箱总厂的基础上发展起来的。“八五”期间,与国内同行业相比,海尔集团实现了“中国家电第一名牌”这个目标,成为中国家电行业销售额最大、生产的产品品种和规格最多、出口量最大的企业集团,是名符其实的中国家电行业的排头兵。

企业的超常发展,除抓住了改革开放的大好机遇外,很重要的一条就是:集团自创业以来,始终重视信息技术的开发和应用工作,把企业的信息工作列入企业的首要工作,特别重视计算机网络信息技术的开发、应用的推广工作。

信息是企业获得成功的原动力,是推动企业不断发展的关键所在,也是海尔集团发展为中国家电第一名牌的关键。海尔在发展过程中,不仅重视市场信息,在紧跟市场的同时,也重视国家的政策性信息。

海尔自始至终重视信息应用的重要性。海尔利用信息不断发展,在发展中又不断地完善信息网络。海尔为了应用信息技术推动企业更好的发展,制定了海尔的信息化发展战略规划。在海尔集团,规划发展中心和信息中心是指同一个部门,两者的结合体现了“信息为集团规划发展提供服务”这一重要的原则。经过5年多的努力,应用众多高新技术,并从信息收集的渠道和处理手段着手,结合企业的实际应用,已经逐步推广并实施信息网络构造和计算机技术的应用。对于运用信息技术的策略,用海尔自己的话说--重要的不在于我们掌握了多少信息技术资源,而在于我们利用了多少信息技术资源。海尔与国际上大的IT公司保持密切的联系和合作,经常邀请对方举办各种新技术的讲座或者是介绍新的技术发展趋势。在交流过程中,海尔可以了解到最新的技术动态,可以结合自身的需求,让需求不断变为现实。

要保证信息的畅通,就要建设企业的“信息高速公路”,推广各种信息技术,收集各种信息。目前,海尔已投巨资,根据自身的需求开发和建设信息应用工程。

建立Internet和Intranet项目。实现了电子邮件以及内部Web服务。不仅建立了海尔网站,同时海尔还在国内建立了镜像站点。

开展全面提高产品竞争力的PDM(产品数据管理)项目。海尔的各个设计研究中心都推广使用CAD,为产品设计带来极大便利,大大缩短了产品开发的周期。

利用内部网实施OA(办公自动化)。现已完成了公文流转、信息检索、会议安排、档案管理、网上培训等应用。

开展ERP工程。在MRP-2实现了财务和分销模块的基础上,海尔把在各地的营销中心连接起来。

建立网上服务中心。直接与设计、生产、销售部门连接,能够把用户的建议转化成科研开发的课题。

建立了信息公用平台。集团内部每个部门都可把自己连到信息公用平台上,实现共享。

从管理手段落后到企业全面信息共享、信息化的实施,海尔集团取得了令人鼓舞的成果。由此可见,信息与信息技术的应用,扩大了海尔的技术优势、市场优势、领导优势和信誉优势。计

算机技术的应用和信息化的推广实施,为海尔插上了腾飞的翅膀,使之具备了向世界500强冲刺的能力。

请你根据以上材料回答以下几个问题:

(1)海尔是怎样应用信息发展起来的?

(2)结合本案例说说:为什么说系统战略规划是信息系统建设成功的关键之一?

(3)海尔公司要建设企业的“信息高速公路”,应如何实施?

答1.(1)要点如下:海尔自始至终重视信息应用的重要性,在发展中又不断地完善信息网络,海尔制定了海尔的信息化发展战略规划,合理利用信息技术资源。在海尔集团,应用众多高新技术,结合企业的实际应用,不断发展企业。(2)要点如下:系统战略规划是管理信息系统生命周期的第一阶段。这一阶段的主要目标是明确系统整个生命周期的发展方向、系统规模和开发计划。科学的规划可以减少盲目性,使系统有良好的整体性、较高的适应性,建设工作有良好的阶段性,可以缩短系统开发周期,节约开发费用。

(3)要点如下:在组织实施方面;在技术选向方面;系统设计方法;在实现方法方面;在实施应用方面等展开。

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