四级听力 热点新闻原文3

Seminar 第四周原文1The United States Justice Department says it has found a way to get information from an iPhone used by a shooter in last year's mass shooting in San Bernardino, California.The Justice Department also said it no longer needs help from the iPhone's manufacturer, Apple.The company had refused earlier demands by federal investigators for help inrecovering data from the device.A man holds up his iPhone during a rally in support of data privacy outside an Apple store in San Francisco, Calif., Feb. 23, 2016. Protesters strongly criticized a court order telling Apple to help unlock an encrypted iPhone. (AP Photo/Eric Risberg)The government sought to require Apple to write new software programs to help investigators get the data without knowing the iPhone's password. The government believed the information would help it in its investigation of the San Bernardino shooting, in which 14 people were killed.Last month, a judge ordered Apple to help the government. But the Justice Department announced this week it has been able to collect data from the phone. It asked the judge to cancel her order. She did so on Monday.Last week, the government delayed another court hearing in the case. Officials said they needed time to test a method that could help them gain access to the iPhone without Apple's assistance. That method was developed without the help of federal agents or Apple.Lawyers for Apple have said that the company wants to know how the device was unlocked.But the withdrawal of the court process could take away Apple's ability to legally request details on the method the government used. It also is likely to raise questions among users of Apple products and the technology industry about the strength of Apple's security on its devices.seminar 第四周新闻听力2 原文Alexis Cullen works as a volunteer in Vanuatu, one of the Peace Corp's mostremote postings.In the village where she works, called Naviso, some people have never heard of the Internet. That is not uncommon in the South Pacific, where some people have limited access to learning resources."Nobody has ever seen the Internet. People don't know what the Internet is. ... Some of them are very separated out from what the rest of the world is doing."And without the Internet, says Cullen, people in these areas are falling behind. It is not likely they will be able to access the Internet in the near future.Students in Vanuatu use the SolarSPELL offline library (Photograph courtesy of Dr. Laura Hosman)"As you sit and you wait, there are just the villages that get further and further behind. And how can you ever communicate, or be part of a global society, if people are waiting for you to get connected?"The SolarSPELL unitTo help with that problem, Dr. Laura Hosman, a professor at California Polytechnic State University, and her students developed a mobile library. It is called SolarSPELL.Dr. Hosman says she wanted to get educational content to rural places. She wanted to create a digital library that would not be ruined in bad weather.The SolarSPELL unit, which is powered by the sun, creates a WiFi hotspot. Although it does not use the Internet, it creates a similar experience.SolarSPELL Digital Library"So, any device that can connect to the Internet can connect to our library," Hosman says. "And it seems like they are on the Internet, even though they are not. So it's an offline website that really feels like you are online."It lets users practice using the Internet on a smaller scale.A digital libraryEach SolarSPELL unit comes with a memory card, a small plug-in device that holds the educational content in a computer.It only uses a small amount of space, and does not rely on power cables or electricity networks.Hosman and her students worked hard to find content to put in the library. They wanted to choose content appealing to people who live in rural areas in the South Pacific, such as Vanuatu and the Federated States of Micronesia."I wanted the students to be able to see themselves in the curriculum."Partnership with the Peace CorpsThe SolarSPELL team has partnered with the Peace Corps in Vanuatu and the Federated States of Micronesia. The Peace Corps has used about 50 SolarSPELL units.The village where Alexis Cullen works, Naviso, has one unit. Alexis says that about 200 students have used it.Using the SolarSPELL unit in other countries?Hosman says SolarSPELL units could be used in other countries in the South Pacific.Gabriel Krieshok is the Information and Communication Technologies for Development Program Officer at the Peace Corps. He says some technologies are appropriate to some areas, but not to others."I think one of the big challenges that we have is that there is this tendency to want tohave a one size-fits-all solution... And while it's really tempting to go down that road, it never works. I have yet to see a place where you can have one thing that works for everyone."The challenge, he says, is balancing new technologies with what people need."How can I take what you guys have done here – like with, SolarSPELL is a really good example – and, you know, translate that to a post in East Africa or something like that?"I'm John Russell.Seminar 第四周新闻3The United States is looking for sub-Saharan African students to study at American universities.There were about 1 million international students studying at U.S. colleges and universities during the 2014 to 2015 academic year. Fewer than 3 percent of those international students came from sub-Saharan Africa.Students leave the campus at the North-West University in Mahikeng, South Africa, (also known as Mafikeng) Feb. 25, 2016.Africa is home to six of the top 10 fastest-growing countries in the world. But it is difficult for even the most motivated students to succeed in African universities. Classes are overcrowded. Teachers often go on strike to protest low pay and poor working conditions. There is little opportunity to do advanced research.But studying outside of Africa can be even harder.The U.S. government wants to change that.Marcus Jadotte is the U.S. Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Analysis. He is leading the first educational trade mission to Africa this week."They [African students] should consider studying in the U.S because ofthe innovative approach to education that we take in the United States, because international businesses are looking for the best-qualified,best-prepared prospective employees and we certainly believe that it enriches education back home in the U.S.," Jadotte said.He is traveling with representatives of 25 U.S. colleges and universities.The delegation reflects the wide variety of higher education institutions in the United States. The group includes representatives from two-year community colleges and universities that offer specialized advanced degrees. The team wants to recruit students and build relationships with African universities."Many of the universities who have traveled with us on this mission areincluding scholarships as a part of the conversation with students here," Jadotte explained.At each stop, the Assistant Secretary will join local government officials and academic leaders at an education fair.The delegation's first event was an education fair for South Africans. Jadotte spoke about the academic support services and technology offered by America's world-class universities. His message attracted a long line of South African high school students.Boneng Mofokeng says he is hoping to go to law school at Michigan State University."I want to see the world and our country's economy is not good. Maybe I can have a better life over there," he said.Jadotte says it is not just the African students who benefit from studying in the United States. The American host institutions also benefit from the increased diversity. He says Africa offers "a number of opportunities for U.S. institutions seeking to globalize their campuses."From South Africa, the delegation heads to Ivory Coast and Ghana.。