语法知识—非谓语动词的全集汇编0001
非谓语动词的语法知识点详解
非谓语动词的语法知识点详解非谓语动词的语法知识点详解在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式∶动名词，不定式和分词﹙包括现在分词和过去分词﹚非谓语动词与其他动词的不同点：1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词)，在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中作状语。
4.谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
(5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
非谓语动词分类：不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别begin开始 determine决定 manage设法 agree同意 love 喜欢fail不能 plan计划(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语acknowledge承认，admit 承认 dislike不喜欢，讨厌 advocate：提倡，主张 complete完成appreciate 感激，欣赏 avoid避免 enjoy享有，喜爱 delay延迟escape逃跑，逃避 deny否认consider 考虑 fancy幻想，爱好 mind 介意 miss错过 finish完成，结束不得 resist抵抗，阻止 imagine设想 postpone延迟，延期practise 实行，实践 suggest建议 prevent阻止keep保持 quit放弃停止 loathe非常讨厌，厌恶 recall回想不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
例如：Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
常见的非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词①一个句子常不能出现两个做谓语的动词②非谓语动词即在句中不做谓语,但却具有部分动词的性质(接宾语或表语)③分类时间意义不定式后时性表将来一次性动作也称动词动名词泛时性概念性v-ing形式现在分词也称动词现时性主动意义过去分词分词形式完成性被动意义一、动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
否定式：not + (to) do ; 完成式to have done；进行式; to be doing;1, 不定式的句法功能：(1)作主语: 常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后￥常用句式有：①It+be+名词+to do; ②It takes sb. + some time +to do; ③It + be+ 形容词+ of sb.(人的品质) / for sb. + to do;It is very hard for us to finish the work in ten minutes. It means failure to lose your heart.It is careless of you to make such a silly mistake. It’s necessary for you to treasure the time.(2)作表语：Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold.(3)作宾语：如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. We think it important to study hard.·动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English. He asked me what to do next.(4)作宾语补足语：He tells me to study hard. He asked me to sit down.(5)作定语：被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, second, last, only等限定词时候，只能用不定式。
非谓语动词讲解整理
非谓语动词讲解整理非谓语动词是指能够独立使用，不依赖于主谓结构的动词形式。
常见的非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。
一、不定式（Infinitive）：不定式是动词的一种形式，具体形式为“to + 动词原形”。
在句中常用作动词、形容词和副词的补充性成分。
1. 作主语：To win the championship is our goal.（获得冠军是我们的目标。
）2. 作宾语：I want to visit my grandparents this summer.（我想要这个夏天去看望我的爷爷奶奶。
）3. 作补语：His dream is to become a famous actor.（他的梦想是成为一名著名的演员。
）4. 作定语：I have a lot of books to read.（我有很多书要读。
）5. 作状语：They went to the park to play basketball.（他们去公园打篮球。
）二、动名词（Gerund）：动名词是一种名词，具体形式为动词原形加上-ing。
在句中常用作名词的主语、宾语和表语。
1. 作主语：Swimming is one of my favorite hobbies.（游泳是我最喜欢的爱好之一。
）2. 作宾语：She enjoys playing the piano.（她喜欢弹钢琴。
）3. 作表语：His job is teaching English.（他的工作是教英语。
）4. 作定语：I saw a girl carrying a basket of flowers.（我看到了一个拿着一篮花的女孩。
）5. 作状语：He left the house, crying loudly.（他大声哭着离开了房子。
）三、分词（Participle）：分词是动词的一种形式，分为现在分词（-ing形式）和过去分词（-ed、-en等形式）。
在句中常用作形容词和分词短语的修饰成分。
非谓语知识点总结
非谓语知识点总结一、非谓语动词的概念和分类非谓语动词是指不具有人称、数和时态的动词形式。
在句子中，非谓语动词一般用作其他动词或名词的补语、定语或状语。
按照其形式和功能的不同，非谓语动词可以分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。
1. 动词不定式动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，可以作主语、宾语、定语和状语。
作主语：To travel around the world is my dream.作宾语：He wants to buy a new car.作定语：The best way to learn English is to practice speaking every day.作状语：He studied hard to pass the exam.2. 动名词动名词由动词加上-ing构成，可以作主语、宾语、定语和状语。
作主语：Reading is my favorite hobby.作宾语：She enjoys swimming in the sea.作定语：I like watching movies in my free time.作状语：He left the room without saying a word.3. 分词分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式，现在分词一般以-ing结尾，过去分词一般以-ed、en、t结尾，可以作定语、状语和补语。
现在分词作定语：The girl standing by the door is my sister.现在分词作状语：She came home, feeling tired and hungry.过去分词作定语：The film directed by him won the best picture award.过去分词作补语：I was surprised to see the door closed.二、非谓语动词的用法1. 动词不定式（1）作主语To leave now is the best decision.（2）作宾语I want to learn English well.（3）作定语I have a book to read.（4）作状语He works hard to support his family.2. 动名词（1）作主语Swimming is good for health.（2）作宾语I enjoy reading books in my free time.（3）作定语The boy standing there is my brother.（4）作状语He goes to the gym every day, practicing yoga.3. 分词（1）现在分词作定语The girl sitting next to me is my best friend.（2）现在分词作状语Smiling happily, she accepted the gift.（3）过去分词作定语The meal cooked by my mother tastes delicious.（4）过去分词作补语I was excited to hear the news announced by the principal.三、非谓语动词形式的转换1. 从动词不定式到动名词动词不定式to do可以变为动名词doing，例如：I like to swim.（动词不定式）I like swimming.（动名词）2. 从动名词到动词不定式动名词doing可以变为动词不定式to do，例如：We enjoyed singing together.（动名词）We enjoyed to sing together.（动词不定式）3. 从动词不定式到分词动词不定式to do可以变为现在分词doing和过去分词done，例如：He is busy with his work.（动词不定式）He is busy doing his work.（现在分词）He is busy done his work.（过去分词）四、非谓语动词的特殊用法1. 不定式的被动语态动词不定式的被动语态结构为“to be + 过去分词”，例如：He is said to be a good student.2. 动名词的所有格形式动名词的所有格形式是在动名词后面直接加上“的”，例如：I remember his coming to see me.3. 分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件和方式现在分词和过去分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件和方式，例如：Being an experienced teacher, she knows how to deal with children. Having finished her homework, she went to bed.4. 动词不定式作目的状语动词不定式作目的状语表示目的或结果，通常放在句子后面，例如：He ran fast to catch the bus.五、非谓语动词的练习1. 单项选择题（1）We should encourage the students ____ more exercise every day.A. doB. to doC. doingD. are doing（2）I enjoy _____ in the garden in my free time.A. to workB. workingC. worksD. worked（3）The news _____ by the teacher surprised everyone.A. announceB. announcingC. announcedD. to announce2. 填空练习（1）_____ up early in the morning, she went for a run.（2）He wants _____ to the school team next year.（3）She likes _____ to music in her room.3. 句子翻译（1）他想去看电影。
(完整word版)非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词【知识要点】定义：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
分类：非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
无论它们在句中作什么成分，他们都保持着自己本身的属性特点。
动词不定式：表将来、具体某一次，常在句中可以作: 主语，宾语，定语，状语，补语，表语；动名词：具有名词功能，常在句中可以作：主语，宾语，表语；作定语时表功能；现在分词：表主动和正在进行, 常在句中可以作: 定语，状语，表语，宾补；过去分词：表被动和已完成，常在句中可以作: 定语，状语，补语。
一、动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。
不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和补语，但不能单独作谓语。
2. 不定式的句法功能1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.在十分钟内完成这项工作很难。
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，例如上面一句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.2）作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。
3）作宾语：V.+ to do sth.常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer，afford，ask，decide，expect，intend，等。
（完整版）非谓语动词考点总结归纳
（完整版）⾮谓语动词考点总结归纳⾮谓语动词考点总结归纳⾮谓语动词包括不定式，动名词和分词。
它们是⾼中所学的基础语法，也是⾼考必考内容。
既是⾼考的难点⼜是⾼考的热点。
真正领悟⾮谓语动词的⽤法要具备以下基础知识：①具有句⼦结构的知识，会分析句⼦成分。
②具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。
③具有扎实⽽丰富的动词知识，要分得清及物动词和不及物动词。
④具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析复合句和长难句。
1．三种⾮谓语动词的构成及变化形式。
不定式主动被动⼀般形式（本⾝包含将去做To do To be done的含义）进⾏形式To be doing --------------完成形式To have done To have been done动词的ING 形式主动被动⼀般形式（本⾝包含正在进Ving Being Ved⾏的含义）完成形式Having Ved Having been Ved●过去分词done （⽆变化）●所有⾮谓语动词的否定形式都是把否定副词not,never放在⾮谓语动词的前⾯。
2. 三种⾮谓语动词形式句法功能⽐较主宾表定状补功能种类不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√ √考点⼀：⾮谓语作主语。
1. 在很多情况下没有明显的不同. Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe.2. 不定式做主语表⽰某⼀次具体的,特定的或有待实现的动作, ⽽动名词则表⽰通常的情况.eg:To tell him the truth would be the best. / Painting is an art.动词不定式（短语）作主语时，另⼀种形式是在句⾸⽤先⾏代词it作形式主语，⽽将动词不定式（短语）移到谓语之后作真正主语。
⽤于这种形式是⼀些特定形容词，动词和名词1)形容词作表语It is adj/n.(for sb.) to do sth. （常见的形容词是：necessary,important,possible等）It is adj./n.(of sb.) to do sth. (常见的形容词是clever,stupid,foolish,wise,cruel等)2)常见的动词有：require, cost, amuse, delight, annoy等eg: It takes much time to do sth./ It didn’t occur to me to ask him to help me.3)⼀些名词作表语eg: It seems a pity to waste them./It is a great pleasure to do this./It is a good idea to think this way动名词做主语时常⽤的句型有：It is nice doing sth./It’s foolish doing sth./It is useless doing that/It’s a waste of time doing this.worth one’s while doing sth./ It’s no good (use) doing that./It’sIt’s an awful job doing this. /It’s fun doing this.There is/ was no sense in doing/no point in doing考点⼆：⾮谓语动词作宾语详细见5+3 P70-72页补充:1.begin和start在下列三种情况下, 通常跟不定式, 不跟动名词1) 当begin和start的主语是⽆⽣命之物时. eg: Snow began to melt.2) 当begin和start⽤于进⾏时时. eg: He is beginning to study English.3) 当begin和start后⾯跟着⼀些表⽰⼼理状态的词时. eg: I began to believe his story.2. be afraid to do 不敢去做……be afraid of doing 害怕发⽣某事3. be sure to do ⼀定会…… be sure of doing 确信会……eg: Tom is sure to pass the exam.(说话⼈的看法, 认为Tom ⼀定会考试通过.)Tom is sure of passing the exam. ( Tom 对⾃⼰通过考试很有把握.)考点三：⾮谓语动词作表语不定式、动名词、分词做表语：1.不定式做表语常表⽰谓语动词所表⽰动作之后发⽣的动作。
非谓语动词讲解(超全
非谓语动词讲解(超全非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式，包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词。
与主谓结构不同，非谓语动词可在句子中作状语、定语或表语。
在英语中，非谓语动词的形式是相对固定的，但在不同的语法环境中所表示的意义和用法有所差异。
1. 动词不定式（to-infinitive）动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如：- 宾语：I want to go to the zoo.（我想去动物园。
）- 主语：To speak English fluently is important for your career.（流利地说英语对你的事业很重要。
）- 状语：He went to the store to buy some groceries.（他去商店买了些杂货。
）- 定语：She needs a pen to write her essay.（她需要一支笔来写作文。
）2. 动名词（gerund）动名词是将动词加上-ing构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如：- 宾语：I enjoy reading books in my spare time.（我闲暇时喜欢读书。
）- 主语：Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是很好的锻炼。
）- 状语：She left the party early, feeling tired.（她因为感觉累了，所以提前离开了聚会。
）- 定语：The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（哭闹的婴儿把整个邻居都吵醒了。
）3. 现在分词（present participle）现在分词由动词原形加上-ing构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如：- 宾语：He enjoys playing soccer on weekends.（他喜欢周末踢足球。
）- 主语：Listening to music helps me relax.（听音乐帮助我放松。
非谓语动词讲解史上最全
非谓语动词讲解史上最全非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式，它们在句子中通常不具备时态和人称的变化。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
一、不定式（Infinitive）不定式由to加动词原形构成，具有动词和名词的双重特征。
不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your career.学习一门外语对你的事业有益。
2. 作宾语：I want to visit my grandparents this weekend.我想这周末去看望我的祖父母。
3. 作表语：His dream is to become a famous writer.他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。
4. 作定语：She has many books to read.她有很多书要读。
5. 作状语：He came to help us.他来帮助我们。
二、动名词（Gerund）动名词由动词原形加-ing构成，具有动词和名词的双重特征。
动名词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语：Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
2. 作宾语：I enjoy reading novels in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读小说。
3. 作表语：Her hobby is singing.她的爱好是唱歌。
4. 作定语：The running water is clear.流动的水很清澈。
5. 作状语：She went shopping after finishing her homework.她在完成作业后去购物。
三、现在分词（Present Participle）现在分词由动词原形加-ing构成，具有动词和形容词的双重特征。
现在分词在句子中可以充当定语、表语、状语等成分。
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一、选择题1. After long years of war; many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important _ a peaceful world.at the part% you can come to me.6. who to talk D. who you wilt talk3. —What do you think is the most important rule for a drive? —He or she must avoid __________ after drinking. A ・ drivingB ・ no drivi ngC. not to driveD. to drive4. 1 used to_. But now 1 get used to_doing everything, Tm successful at last.A. give up; keepingB. giving up; keepingC ・ giving up; keepD. give up; keep5・ Would you mind in class?A. no talkingB. not talkingC. no talkD. not talk6. The snow makes them cold, so they want to make a firewarm.A ・ feel, to keepB ・ to feel, keepC. feel, keepD. to feel ,to keep7. When 1 came into the room, 1 saw a cat under the table.A ・ to lieB ・ liesC. to lyingD. lying8. …1 think vou should stoohim in Enelish.…1 see. He can't understand English at alL Let me try in French.A ・ talking toB ・ to talk toC ・ talk toD. to talking to9. It's necessary ussome good books.A. for; readB. to; to readC. for; to readD. to; read10. 1 don't know how there. 1 need to look at the mao. A. to getB. to get toC. get11. 1 saw a little boy on the road.A ・ lieB ・ lyingC. lied12. —Ton% it's timedinner.—I'm coming, dad.A. haveB ・ to haveC. hadD. having13. —1 didn't hear you come in just now.—That's good. We tried anv noise, for vou were steeoi ne.A. not makeB. not to makeC. to makeD. making14. In the Scienee Museum, the children are___ t o see so many things.A. surprised; amazedB. surprised; amazingC ・ surprising; amazingD ・ surprising; amazedA. buildB. not buildC. to buildD. not to build2 ・ If you really don't know A. who will you talk with C. who to talk to15. —Why not—Good idea!him some food on the way home?A. to ask; to buyB. ask; buyC. ask; to buy16.—t saw Betty go to Grand pa Zhang's home just now,—Yes, she is often seen ___________ the old man with his housework.A. help B・ to help C. helps17.The girl is so helpful that she devoted all her spare time she hadA. helpingB. to helping18.Sandy likes ___________ TV. She __________A. watching; watching C. to watch; is watching19.Thank you for ___________ me a nice gift.A. sendB. sending20.—What can I do for you? —I'd like _A. to bookB. bookC. to helpTV every day.B. watch; watchesD ・ watching： watchesC. sendssome tickets.D. to ask; buyD. helpedothers.D. helpedD. to send21・Thank you for A. teachesC. booking____us so well, Mr. Wang.B. teachingC. teachD. bookedD. to teach22. —it's so hot here . Do you mind —______ . I will do it right now •A. to close ; Yes the window ?.B. to open ; NoC. opening; Of course notD. closing; I hope so23 ・Tom pIans ____ to Australia this summer but I would like _____ America.A. to go, visitingB. to go, to visitC. going, to visit24.—It's too hot today. I decided ______ w orking and have a drink.A. stopB. stoppingC. to st op25.It only _____________ h im 20 minutes _______________ to his office every day.A. takes； to drive B・ take： drive C. takes； drive26.Practicing English as often as you can is the best way _A. learn B・ learning C. to learn27.Mrs Smith encourages her daughter _A・ wash B・ washingfootball? D. for learnclothes by herselfC. to wash28. —Are you good at-Yes, I ___________ •A. play； can B・ playing； can C. play； am D・ playing； am【参考答案】♦"试卷处理标记，请不要删除1. C解析：c【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：经过多年的战争，叙利亚许多人无家可归。
我认为建设一个和平的世界很重要。
考査动词形式辨析。
本句是固定句型“think/firKl + it+形容词+ to do sth.”，it是形式宾语，后面的不立式是真正宾语，是固定结构，其否是式需在动词前而进行否立。
根据句意结构，可知选C。
【点睛3当不立式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且淇后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。
如：I find it easy to get on with her.我发现她很容易相处。
2. C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：如果你真的不知逍在聚会上和谁说话，你可以来找我。
who will you talk within是who引导的宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，故排除A： who to talk中缺少介词to： who to talk to -ffl谁说话，是疑问词who+动词不宦式结构：who you will talk中缺少介词to。
故应选Co3. A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：一一你认为开车最重要的规则是什么？一一他或她必须避免酒后开车。
考査非谓语动词。
没有avoid to do sth.排除C/D； avoid doing sth.避免做某事，后接动名词。
no 用于形容词和副词前，选项B语境不对。
故选A。
4.A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我过去常常放弃。
但是现在，我习惯于做好每一件事情。
在最后我成功了。
考査固宦句型：used to do sth.il去常常做某事：get/be used to doing sth.>J惯于做某事。
故选A 5.B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：你不要在课堂上讲话好吗？mind后接doing sth,如果是不要做某事，即not doing sth,故选答案为B。
6.A解析：A【解析】句意：雪让他们感觉得很冷，所以他们想生火取殴。
make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，make使役动动词，后接动词原形，排除B和D： make a fire生火，"生火的目的是取暧”, 这里要用动词不左式短语作目的状语，排除C：故答案选A。
7. D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：当我进入房间的时候，我看到一只猫趴在桌子下而。
考査非谓语动词。
lie躺着，位于；lying是lie的现在分词。
看到在干什么，表示一种状态，要用动词的分词形式。
如果动作的被动的，用过去分词，如果是主动的，则用现在分词。
很明显，猫躺着，是主动的，故选D。