The Internet of Things and Ubiquitous Intelligence (4)
The Internet of Things
• For example IBM announced a deal at the end of June with Danish transportation company Container Centralen. By February 2010, Container Centralen undertakes to use IBM sensor technology "to allow participants in the horticultural supply chain to track the progress of shipments as they move from growers to wholesalers and retailers across 40 countries in Europe." Specifically this refers to transportation of things like flowers and pot plants, which are very sensitive to the environment they travel in. Having sensors as part of the entire travel chain will allow participants to monitor conditions and climate during travel. Essentially it makes the travel process very transparent.Pachube: Building a Platform for InternetEnabled EnvironmentsIBM is a leading bigco active in the Internet of Things. At the other end of the spectrum is a small UK startup which has impressed us a lot this year: Pachube. It was one of 5 Internet of Things services that we profiled in February and we followed up with an indepth look at the service in May.
2-4 Internet of Things
2-4 Internet of Things
Internet of things can be found in the personal health, smart grid, public transportation and other aspects of the extremely wide range of applications.
Key words: abbreviation [əbriːvɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n] n. 缩写
2-4 Internet of Things
The development of RFID technology is based on a simple RFID system, combined with existing network technology, database
其实质是利用射频自动识别 (RFID)技术，通过计算机互联 网实现物品(商品)的自动识别 和信息的互联与共享。
Expanded vocabulary: essence ['es(ə)ns] n. 本质，实质
2-4 Internet of Things
The Internet of Things, a very important
and people in the Pan-link intelligent
perception of items and processes, identification and management.
实时获得任何需要监控、连 接、互动的物体或过程方面 的信息，采集其声、光、热、 电、力学、化学、生物、位 置等你需要的信息，通过各 类可能的网络接入，实现物 与物、物与人的泛在链接， 实现对物品和过程的智能化 感知、识别和管理。
the internet of things英语阅读理解
the internet of things英语阅读理解阅读短文，回答1-3题。
The Internet of Things(IoT) (物联网) aims to get everything and everyone talking. Attaching sensors to “things”,such as cows, cars and refrigerator, and then assigning them unique IP addresses allow them to “talk” to the Internet. Of course, the loT will involve much more than a handful of sensors. Networking company Cisco estimates that 50 billion Internet-connected devices and objects will be sending over data by 2020.1.How do researchers get everything and everyone talking?A.By establishing the loT and launching a handful of sensors.B.By connecting sensors with them and appointing them unique IP addresses.C.By communicating with them all the time through the IoT.D.By sending people to track them day and night and collect useful data.2.What else do critics worry about the loT besides its probablyending up being a fashion?A.People will lose interest in it as quickly as the thrill over last year's smartphone.B.Refrigerators and washing machines will be replaced by other devices in a few years.C.Whether related companies will provide long-term software updates or not.D.The software provided by companies will be outdated easily and quickly.3.According to the passage,when owners of the Telsa Model S electric received a recall notice, they __________________.A.just waited in the car while the maintenance is being done through wireless update.B.were required to go to the nearest 4S store to make some adjustments or repairs.C.could definitely depend on the loT to send them the charger plug to be fixed.D.had to confirm the update with the help of the equipment provided by the company.【答案】1-3 BCA.。
英语作文预测未来数字世界的演变
英语作文预测未来数字世界的演变全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Digital World of TomorrowI can still remember the days when I would beg my parents for "just five more minutes" on the family computer or game console. Back then, those clunky machines with pixelated graphics and whirring fan noises were the peak of technological achievement in my young mind. Little did I know that we were still in the Stone Age of the digital revolution that was just beginning to gather steam.Now, as I approach the end of my high school years, I can't even fathom a world without ubiquitous connectivity and powerful computing devices in every pocket. The digital landscape has evolved at a blistering pace, becoming seamlessly intertwined with every aspect of modern life. And yet, I can't help but feel that we've only scratched the surface of what the future digital world has in store.Imagining that world is both electrifying and daunting. On one hand, the pace of innovation and disruption shows no signsof slowing, promising sci-fi levels of convenience, augmented abilities, and insights. But that future could also bring existential risks, from the erosion of privacy and social cohesion to the potential for digital systems to spiral out of human control.The Internet of EverythingIf current trajectories hold, the "Internet of Things" will give way to the "Internet of Everything" in the coming decades. Not just our homes, cars, and workplaces, but every object and environment around us will be blanketed with intelligent sensors. Cities will become massively connected hives, optimizing traffic flows, energy use, safety, and quality of life measures inreal-time.Our bodies and minds will be enmeshed in this web too, with wearable tech monitoring our health, augmented reality informing our perceptions, and direct brain-computer interfaces allowing us to control digital experiences via thought alone.We'll shift from being surrounded by rigid objects and inert spaces to inhabiting a world of boundless digital information and computing potential.While incredibly powerful, this hyperconnected world raises major concerns around security, hacking vulnerabilities, and how all the data streams will be managed and monetized. There arealso profound moral questions about increasingly blurring the line between human and machine.Artificial Intelligence EverywhereHand-in-hand with the rise of ubiquitous computing will be the proliferation of artificial intelligence into every domain. AI capabilities are already expanding at an exponential rate, with machine learning systems rapidly outpacing human performance on analysis, content creation, coding, and decision optimization tasks.In the coming years and decades, as hardware becomes more powerful and datasets grow ever vaster, I expect AI to become general and multi-modal, able to engage in any cognitive activity with human-like flexibility and cross-domain intelligence. We likely haven't conceived of even a fraction of the eventual capabilities and use cases.AI could become an awesome tool for solving humanity's greatest challenges, from scientific mysteries to existential risks like climate change and pandemics. But it also poses risks as an immense concentration of power, one that could be misused for surveillance, social control, or if an advanced AI system becomes misaligned with human ethics and values.The majority of today's AI systems are "narrow" in scope, designed for specific tasks. But as they become more general and autonomous, very difficult questions arise about their moral and legal status. When AI becomes as intelligent as humans, how will we define personhood and grant rights? It's a Pandora's box of ethical quandaries.A Digital DivideAs transformative as the coming digital era will likely be, my greatest concern is that it will exacerbate inequalities and create an insurmountable divide between the technology "haves" and "have nots."Today's digital playing field is already vastly uneven, with billions lacking reliable internet access and digital literacy skills. And as digital capabilities grow more powerful and integrated into every realm, those on the outside could find themselves further marginalized and unable to participate in the mainstream economy and society.I worry that increasingly intelligent AI systems, digital worlds, and personal augmentation technologies will be shaped and owned by a small number of powerful companies and nations. Without vigilant efforts to make the digital future accessible anddemocratic, most of humanity could get relegated to the sidelines as tenants rather than stakeholders.There's already a growing polarization and cynicism as many feel left behind by the pace of technological disruption. If the digital world continues concentrating wealth and power rather than uplifting all people, the societal backlash could be severe. We need to be intentional about making this an equitable transition.Navigating the Digital FutureDespite all the concerns and uncertainties, my dominant feeling about the trajectory of the digital world is one of optimism and awe. So much of what was pure science fiction during my parents' and grandparents' youth has already become reality, from AI assistants to seamless global communication to computers exponentially more powerful than those that propelled the Apollo missions.I believe humanity is still at the beginning of harnessing the potential of information technology to reshape our capabilities and experience of the world. The frontiers of brain-computer interfaces, molecular nanotechnology, quantum computing and networks offer almost unimaginable vistas just over the horizon.What I do know is that the youth of today are the first generations being raised as true digital natives. We've adapted to rapid technological change as the norm, learning to be flexible and analytically adept. My cohort will be the pioneers tasked with navigating this digital frontier and shaping its future applications and ethical frameworks.While the changes ahead could be as disruptive and risky as any transition humanity has faced, I'm confident we have the resourcefulness and fortitude to blaze a trail toward a digital future that is inclusive, enriching, and liberating. There will be thrilling discoveries beyond our wildest imaginings today.But ensuring a flourishing digital tomorrow will require bold vision, wisdom, and collective moral courage to construct ethical guardrails that keep these exponential technologies in service to humanity's shared hopes and ideals. With both apprehension and optimism, I eagerly await stepping into that unknowable but boundless digital world.篇2The Digital World of TomorrowAs a student in the 2020s, I have grown up immersed in the digital world. Technology is woven into every aspect of my life -how I learn, socialize, entertain myself, and even how I understand the world around me. However, as transformative as the digital revolution has already been, I can only imagine the incredible changes that will take place in the decades to come as technology continues its relentless advancement.One area I expect to see radical transformation is in how we interface with digital technology. While keyboards, mice, and touchscreens have served us well, I anticipate we will move towards more seamless and integrated ways of interacting with devices and digital environments. Wearable technology like augmented reality glasses could become the primary way we engage with computing, blending the digital and physical worlds.Rather than inputting commands through rigid hardware interfaces, we may simply need to think or speak naturally, with artificial intelligence understanding our intentions and executing the desired actions. Imagine wanting to look up information and having it appear before your eyes through an augmented overlay. Or collaborating in a shared virtual workspace simply by mentally directing your inputs.As AI becomes more advanced with human-like reasoning and processing of natural language, the lines between humanand machine could blur substantially. We may develop symbiotic relationships with AI entities, working as integrated teams with the AI handling data synthesis, analysis, and even aspects of open-ended problem solving while we provide high-level framing, context, and creative direction.In such human-AI partnerships, the AI's role could extend far beyond simply executing commands to deeply understanding us as individuals - our thought processes, communication styles, personalities, and even our emotional states. This could allow the AI to tailor its responses and outputs in precise ways to optimally collaborate with each person.Beyond individual AI assistants, I can envision decentralized AI networks that combine the efforts of countless AI agents in a form of hyper-intelligence unlike anything yet conceived. Like neurons making up the human mind, these distributed AI networks could rapidly share information and insights, incrementally advancing and building upon each other's work in powerful ways.Such a network could be leveraged to tackle enormously complex challenges like scientific breakthroughs, environmental restoration efforts, logistical optimization acrossĀ global supply chains, and even high-level social coordination and urbanplanning in smart cities. The possibilities seem limitless when you combine the ability of AIs to process vast troves of data with fundamentally new insights and connections that transcend what any individual human mind could accomplish.Of course, the rise of increasingly intelligent and autonomousĀ machines is not without its risks and ethical quandaries. We will need robust frameworks and controls to ensure AI systems remain aligned with human values and do not cause unintended harm, whether through issues of bias, lack of transparency, or emerging properties we fail to anticipate.Perhaps one of the most consequential questions we will grapple with is the potential development of artificial general intelligence (AGI) that matches or exceeds human-level cognition across all domains. If achieved, it could be an existential crossroads for humanity - do we treat these superintelligent AGIs as a new form of life to co-exist with? As powerful tools to be carefully constrained and controlled? The implications would be profound on virtually every level - technological, philosophical, social, and more.Regardless of how the AGI conversation unfolds, I have no doubt AI capabilities will become increasingly intertwined with our daily lives in the coming decades. From smart homeenvironments that dynamically adapt to our needs to intelligent tutoring systems that customize the learning experience, AI could usher in new levels of convenience, efficiency, and personalization.On a societal level, AI and automation may dramatically reshape workforce dynamics and the nature of many jobs and industries. While some roles may be supplanted by machines, I also see vast potential for new forms of human labor, creativity, and entrepreneurialism in an AI-driven landscape. Roles like prompt engineering, AI management, and ethical oversight could become crucially important.Of course, the impact of AI will likely reverberate well beyond pure workforce shifts. Our digital footprints, behaviordata, and historical records could feed machine learning models that attempt to understand human psychology, societal dynamics, market forces, and more at unprecedented scale and depth. Imagine an AI with insights into consumer behavior, able to hyper-optimize products, marketing, and sales.For better or worse, privacy and data rights may become an even bigger ethical and legal battleground as we grapple with allowing AIs to utilize personal data while preventing misuse orinfringement on civil liberties. Navigating these tensions will likely be one of the great challenges of the digital era.While much of my prediction has focused on the implications of artificial intelligence, the future digital world will be shaped by numerous other technological forces too. Extended reality (XR) environments blending virtual and physical may become rich digitally-infused spaces for work, play, social connection, and creative expression. We could spend substantial portions of our lives in immersive virtual worlds enabled by technologies like photorealistic 3D spatial computing.The Internet of Things and ambient computing could lead to a world of hyper-connectivity and intelligent environments. From self-driving cars to self-monitoring health, our digital and physical realities may merge in ubiquitous ways currently hard to imagine. City streets could become smart infrastructure hubs with self-adjusting traffic patterns and dynamic signage based on real-time data flows.Perhaps one of the most exciting (and daunting) potential breakthroughs would be a transition toward quantum computing and communication technologies. If the inherent paradoxes and physics of quantum mechanics can be sufficiently harnessed, we may see incredible computational leaps enablingnew classes of optimization, cryptography, materials science, and more. Information could achieve unbreakable encryption and data transfer at the speed of light.Of course, projecting too far into the future inevitably leads to pitfalls of inaccuracy or failing to account for "unknown unknowns" - seismic technological or scientific developments we simply cannot yet conceptualize or predict. With the blistering pace of change, I would not be surprised if the 2040s or 2050s rendered my forward outlook here as hopelessly narrow and rudimentary as someone in the 1990s envisioning the world of 2023.Ultimately though, whether my particular vision is accurate or not, one trend feels abundantly clear - the digital world will become an increasingly immense part of the human experience for my generation and those to follow. Navigating that world will likely be one of the great callings and challenges we will face in the decades ahead, demanding incredible thoughtfulness, resilience, and care for how we wield technologies of such awesome power.As digitally-fluent students and the innovators of tomorrow, I believe a great burden will be placed on us to be responsible stewards of the technologies we help catalyze and create. Wewill carry a mandate to push the envelope of progress while ensuring we retain our fundamental humanity, upholding ethics alongside achievement. It will be a delicate balance, but one my generation must get right for the sake of forging a brighter digital future.篇3The Digital Future: Navigating the Uncharted Waters of Technological TransformationAs I gaze into the crystal ball of tomorrow, the digital landscape stretches out before me like an infinite expanse, brimming with possibilities and challenges alike. In this era of relentless innovation, the future of our digital world is poised to undergo a metamorphosis that will redefine the very fabric of our existence. Buckle up, for the ride promises to be exhilarating, disruptive, and utterly transformative.At the forefront of this digital revolution stands the unstoppable force of artificial intelligence (AI). Once confined to the realms of science fiction, AI has now burst forth into reality, its tentacles permeating every aspect of our lives. From virtual assistants that anticipate our every need to self-driving vehiclesthat navigate the intricate labyrinths of city streets, AI is rapidly becoming the invisible hand that guides our digital experiences.But AI's influence extends far beyond mere convenience. In the realms of healthcare, AI-powered diagnostic tools will revolutionize the way we detect and treat diseases, harnessing the power of vast data sets and machine learning algorithms to uncover patterns and insights that elude even the most brilliant human minds. Precision medicine will become the norm, tailoring treatments to an individual's unique genetic makeup and medical history.Education, too, will undergo a seismic shift, as AI-driven adaptive learning platforms personalize the educational experience for each student, catering to their strengths, weaknesses, and learning styles. Gone will be the days ofone-size-fits-all curricula, replaced by a dynamic, data-driven approach that nurtures each child's potential to the fullest.In the realm of cybersecurity, AI will wage a constant battle against ever-evolving threats, leveraging its ability to detect anomalies and predict attack vectors with uncanny accuracy. Cyber warfare will escalate to new heights, with nations and organizations alike vying for digital supremacy in an increasingly interconnected world.Yet, as we bask in the brilliance of AI's capabilities, we must also confront the ethical quandaries that arise from its rapid proliferation. Issues of privacy, bias, and accountability will demand our utmost attention, lest we inadvertently create a digital dystopia where machines hold sway over human agency.Beyond AI, the future of our digital world will be shaped by a constellation of emerging technologies, each with the potential to disrupt and transform. Quantum computing, once a theoretical concept, will become a reality, unleashing computational power that dwarfs even the mightiest of today's supercomputers. Industries ranging from cryptography to materials science will be revolutionized, as we harness the enigmatic properties of quantum mechanics to solve problems once deemed insurmountable.The metaverse, a seamless blend of physical and virtual realities, will redefine the boundaries of human experience. Imagine stepping into a fully immersive digital world, where the lines between the real and the simulated blur, opening up new frontiers for entertainment, education, and social interaction. Virtual workspaces, digital classrooms, and hyper-realistic gaming environments will become the new normal, challenging our notions of what it means to be present and engaged.Seamless connectivity will be the lifeblood of this digital future, with the Internet of Things (IoT) weaving an intricate tapestry of interconnected devices, sensors, and systems. From smart cities that optimize energy usage and traffic flow to intelligent homes that anticipate our every need, the IoT will usher in a new era of efficiency, convenience, and sustainability.Yet, with this unprecedented level of interconnectivity comes the specter of cyber threats, as malicious actors seek to exploit vulnerabilities in our digital infrastructure. Cybersecurity will become a paramount concern, with robust encryption protocols, advanced authentication methods, and proactive threat monitoring becoming the bulwarks against digital incursions.In the realm of data, we will witness a veritable deluge of information, as the digital footprints we leave behind multiply exponentially. Big data analytics will emerge as a crucial tool, enabling us to extract insights and patterns from these vast troves of information, driving decision-making processes across industries and sectors.However, the responsible management of data will be a critical challenge, as we grapple with issues of privacy, ownership, and ethical use. Regulatory frameworks will need to evolve,striking a delicate balance between enabling innovation and protecting individual rights and freedoms.Amidst this whirlwind of technological change, the very nature of work will undergo a profound transformation. Automation and AI will disrupt traditional job markets, rendering some roles obsolete while giving birth to entirely new professions and skill sets. Lifelong learning and adaptability will become the currency of the future, as we strive to keep pace with the ever-shifting demands of the digital economy.Moreover, the digital future will reshape the very fabric of our social interactions and cultural norms. Social media platforms will evolve, fostering new modes of communication, self-expression, and community-building. Virtual influencers and digital personas will vie for our attention, blurring the line between reality and simulation.As we navigate these uncharted waters, we must remain vigilant against the potential pitfalls that lurk beneath the surface. The proliferation of misinformation and deep fakes, enabled by sophisticated algorithms and digital manipulation techniques, poses a grave threat to the integrity of our information ecosystems. Media literacy and critical thinking skillswill be paramount, empowering us to discern truth from fiction in an increasingly complex digital landscape.Ultimately, the digital future will be a tapestry woven from the threads of innovation, disruption, and adaptation. As we stand at the precipice of this technological revolution, we must embrace the possibilities while remaining grounded in the ethical principles and human values that have guided us thus far.For me, as a student poised to enter this brave new world, the digital future promises both exhilaration and trepidation. I am in awe of the potential that emerging technologies hold, from revolutionizing healthcare and education to unlocking new frontiers of human experience. Yet, I am also acutely aware of the challenges that lie ahead, from navigating the ethical quagmires of AI to safeguarding our digital rights and freedoms.It is incumbent upon my generation to approach this digital future with a spirit of innovation tempered by wisdom and responsibility. We must embrace change while remaining steadfast in our commitment to ethical conduct, privacy protection, and the preservation of human agency.As I gaze into the digital crystal ball, I see a future brimming with promise, a future where technology serves as a catalyst for human progress and empowerment. It is a future that demandsour active participation, our critical thinking, and our unwavering determination to shape the digital landscape in a manner that uplifts humanity and safeguards our most cherished values.The digital revolution is upon us, and the future beckons. Let us embark on this journey with open minds and resolute spirits, confident in our ability to harness the power of technology for the betterment of all.。
交通工具的转变英语作文
交通工具的转变英语作文Title: The Evolution of Transportation: A Journey Through TimeIn the vast tapestry of human history, the evolution of transportation stands as a testament to our relentless pursuit of progress and connection. From the earliest days of humanity, when our ancestors relied solely on their feet to traverse the land, to the present era where we traverse continents in mere hours, the transformation of transportation has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact with each other.The Dawn of Mobility: Prehistoric TimesThe earliest forms of transportation were primitive and rooted in necessity. Humans initially relied on their own two legs for mobility, but soon discovered the benefits of using animals for transportation and labor. Domestication of animals like horses, camels, and elephants marked a significant leap forward, enabling people to carry heavier loads and travel longer distances with greater ease. These early modes of transportation not only facilitated hunting and gathering but also played a crucial role in the expansion of human settlements and the exchange of goods and ideas.The Wheel's RevolutionThe invention of the wheel, often attributed to the ancient Mesopotamian civilization, stands as a pivotal moment in the history of transportation. The wheel revolutionized transportation by enabling the creation of vehicles that could roll smoothly over various terrains. Chariots, carts, and later, wagons, significantly increased the efficiency of transporting goods and people, fostering trade and communication between civilizations.Navigating the WatersAs humanity's reach extended beyond land, the development of water-based transportation became essential. Rafts and canoes, constructed from natural materials, allowed early civilizations to explore rivers and coastal areas. The invention of the sail and the subsequent refinement of oar-powered boats revolutionized oceanic travel, enabling the discovery of new lands, the establishment of trade routes, and the exchange of cultures across vast distances. The Age of SteamThe Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries heralded a new era in transportation. The advent of steam power, exemplified by the steam engine, transformed transportation on land and sea. Steam-powered locomotives revolutionized rail travel, connecting cities and fostering economic growth.Steamships, meanwhile, reduced the time required for transoceanic voyages, shrinking the world and fostering globalization.The Dawn of the Automobile AgeThe invention of the internal combustion engine in the late 19th century marked the dawn of the automobile age. Cars, trucks, and buses rapidly became ubiquitous, revolutionizing personal and commercial transportation. This shift not only increased mobility and convenience but also transformed urban landscapes, giving rise to suburbs and fostering a culture of independence and freedom. Flight Takes OffThe 20th century witnessed another monumental leap in transportation: the development of powered flight. The Wright brothers' first successful powered flight in 1903 marked the beginning of aviation, which rapidly evolved into a global industry. Commercial air travel became accessible to the masses, transforming international travel and fostering unprecedented levels of globalization.The Future of TransportationAs we stand at the cusp of the 21st century, the future of transportation promises even greater advancements. Electric vehicles, autonomous driving technologies, and hyperloop systems are just a few examples of the innovative solutions being developed to address issues such as sustainability, safety, and efficiency. The integration of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and renewable energy sources is poised to usher in a new era of transportation that is cleaner, smarter, and more interconnected than ever before.In conclusion, the evolution of transportation has been a remarkable journey, driven by human ingenuity and the relentless pursuit of progress. From the humble beginnings of walking and animal-powered travel to the sophisticated technologies of today and tomorrow, transportation has been a vital force in shaping our world and connecting humanity.。
物联网 the internet of things(英文)[优质PPT]
![物联网 the internet of things(英文)[优质PPT]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/24bf0a3fcc1755270722087f.png)
The meaning of it’s name
It means things and things or people and things are connected with each other by the technology. They can communicate with each other in a new way.
4 If you will go home after work, you can turn on the air-conditioner or other home appliances in advance.
The technology will be made use of in many aspects of our life.
green agriculture humidity or the area of harmful substances, to ensure the healthy growth of grape.
Medical care
People can install different sensor, monitoring parameters on human health, and real-time
Applications of the Internet of things
The sensor nodes are distributed in every corner of the yard,every minute of a number of monitoring soil temperature,
2 If you go to work in the morning, your intelligent bag will remind you of what you have forgotten.
物联网 the internet of things(英文)
The meaning of it’s name
It means things and things or people and things are connected with each other by the technology. They can communicate with each other in a new way.
Evaluation
“The Internet of things” is called the third wave of world information industry after the computer and the Internet.
The end
Thank you
gre,
to ensure the healthy
growth of grape.
Medical care
People can install different sensor, monitoring parameters on human health, and real-time
transmission to the relevant health care center.
Some examples
1 If the driver does something wrong, the car will have automatic alarm. If the driver is tired, the car can “drive” by itself without a driver.
2 If you go to work in the morning, your intelligent bag will remind you of what you have forgotten.
关于物联网的介绍英语作文
关于物联网的介绍英语作文Internet of Things (IoT): Transforming the World Through Seamless Connectivity.In an era marked by technological advancements, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing the way we interact with the world around us. IoT refers to the vast interconnected network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and otheritems embedded with sensors, software, and internet connectivity, allowing them to collect, exchange, and analyze data in real-time.Genesis and Evolution of the IoT.The concept of IoT can be traced back to the early days of the internet, with the introduction of interconnected devices in the 1980s. However, it was not until the adventof wireless technologies and the proliferation of smartphones in the 2000s that IoT truly began to take shape.Today, IoT devices are ubiquitous, ranging from smart thermostats and security systems to industrial machineryand medical devices, creating a vast and interconnected ecosystem.Key Components and Functionalities.IoT systems consist of several key components:Devices: Physical objects equipped with sensors, actuators, and embedded software.Connectivity: Wireless protocols like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular networks enabling devices to communicate with each other and the internet.Data Platform: Cloud-based platforms responsible for storing, managing, and analyzing the vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices.Applications: Software programs that utilize IoT datato provide valuable insights, automate tasks, or enhanceuser experiences.The functionality of IoT systems varies widely depending on the specific application and industry. For example, in smart homes, IoT devices can monitor energy consumption, control lighting and temperature, and enhance security. In industrial settings, IoT sensors can optimize production processes, predict equipment failures, and improve safety. In healthcare, IoT devices can trackpatient vitals, monitor medical conditions remotely, and facilitate remote consultations.Benefits and Applications of IoT.The widespread adoption of IoT technology across various sectors has led to a plethora of benefits and applications:Improved Efficiency: Automated processes and real-time data enable businesses to streamline operations, reduce costs, and increase productivity.Enhanced Customer Experience: IoT devices provide personalized services, tailored recommendations, and improved product support, leading to increased customer satisfaction.New Business Models: IoT data and insights allow companies to develop innovative products, services, and revenue streams.Environmental Sustainability: IoT sensors and smart systems contribute to energy conservation, waste reduction, and improved resource management.Healthcare Advancements: IoT devices enable remote patient monitoring, personalized treatments, and early disease detection, improving healthcare outcomes.Smart Cities: IoT technologies enhance urban infrastructure, optimize traffic flow, improve public safety, and provide data-driven decision-making for city management.Challenges and Considerations.Despite its transformative potential, IoT also presents certain challenges and considerations:Security and Privacy: IoT devices often collect and transmit sensitive data, raising concerns about data breaches, privacy violations, and security vulnerabilities.Interoperability and Standardization: The lack of standardized protocols and data formats can hinder the seamless integration and interoperability of IoT devices from different vendors.Scalability and Data Management: The vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices require scalable andefficient storage, processing, and analysis capabilities.Cost and Complexity: Implementing and managing IoT systems can be costly and complex, especially for large-scale deployments.Ethical Implications: The widespread use of IoTdevices raises ethical questions about the potential for surveillance, loss of autonomy, and impact on human relationships.Future Prospects and Trends.As technology continues to advance, the IoT market is poised for significant growth and evolution. Some keytrends to watch include:5G and Edge Computing: Enhanced connectivity speedsand distributed computing capabilities will enable real-time data processing and analytics closer to the edge devices.Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML): AI and ML algorithms will play a critical role in analyzing IoT data, providing predictive insights, and automating decision-making.Blockchain Technology: Blockchain-based solutions canenhance data security, ensure data integrity, andfacilitate secure transactions in IoT ecosystems.Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs): LPWAN technologies will enable long-range, low-power communication for IoT devices, expanding the reach of IoT deployments into remote areas.Internet of Everything (IoE): The convergence of IoT, mobile devices, and cloud technologies will create a seamlessly interconnected ecosystem, enabling new possibilities and applications.Conclusion.The Internet of Things has revolutionized the way we interact with the physical world, creating a vast and interconnected network of devices that collect, exchange, and analyze data in real-time. Its transformative power has brought about countless benefits and applications across various sectors, enhancing efficiency, improving customer experience, and driving innovation. While challenges remainin terms of security, privacy, and scalability, the futureof IoT holds immense potential for shaping a more interconnected, intelligent, and sustainable world. As technology continues to advance and new applications emerge, the IoT will undoubtedly continue to play a pivotal role in defining the digital landscape of tomorrow.。
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ｍａｎａｇｅ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｔｈｅ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｗｏｒｌｄ ａｎｄ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａＩ ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔ ｆｏｒ ｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓ ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．Ｔｈｅ ｆｏＴ ｗｉＩＩ ａｌｓｏ ｂｅ ｔｈｅ ｌａｒｇｅｓｔ ｕｓｅｒ ｏｆ ｃｌｏｕｄ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗｉＩＩ，ｉｎ ｔｕｒｎ，ｌａｙ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｕｎｄａｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｍｏｒｅ ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕＩ ｃｌｏｕｄ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ９ Ｃｙｂｅｒ—Ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ Ｃｙｂｅｒ—ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ（ＣＰＳ）ｗａｓ ｆｉ ｒｓｔ ｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｄ ｂｙ ｔｈｅ ＵＳ ＮａｔｉｏｎａＩ Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ Ｆｏｕｎｄａｔｉｏｎ（ＮＳＦ１ ｉｎ ２００６．ＣＰＳ ｉｓ ｅｘｐｅｃｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｂｅｃｏｍｅ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｉｒｄ ｗａｖｅ ｏｆ ｉｎｆＯｒｍａｔｉＯｎ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ Ｉ ｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ ＣＰＳ ｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓ ｓｅｎｓｉｎｇ，ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ，ａｎｄ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｌｏｓｅ ｊｎｔｅｇ ｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｈｕｍａｎ．ｍａｃｈｉｎｅｓ．ａｎｄ ｔｈｉｎｇｓ ａｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅ ｇｏａｌｓ ｏｆ ｌｏＴ． ９．１ ＣＰＳ Ｏｖｅｒｖｉｅｗ ＣＰＳ ｉｓ ｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｅｄ ａ ｍｕｌｔｉｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａ１．ｅｍｂｅｄｄｅｄ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ｔｈａｔ ｉｓ ｉｎｔｅｇ ｒａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｎｅｔｗｏｒｋ ａｎｄ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓ． Ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ３Ｃ ｆｃｏｍｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎ． ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ，ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｏ１） ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ．ＣＰＳ ｄｅｌｉｖｅｒｓ ｒｅａＩ—ｔｉｍｅ ｓｅｎｓｉｎｇ，ｄｙｎａｍｉｃ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ，ａｎｄ ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ ｆｏｒ ｌａｒｇｅ ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ．Ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｖｅ ｃｙｃｌｉｃ ｆｅｅｄｂａｃｋ ｉｎ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ， ＣＰＳ ｃｌｏｓｅｌｙ ｉｎｔｅｇ ｒａｔｅｓ ｔｈｅｓｅ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ ａｎｄ ａｄｄｓ ｏｒ ｅｘｐａｎｄｓ ｎｅｗ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓ ｉｎ ｒｅａｌ ｔｉｍｅ．Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｗａｙ，ａ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｅｎｔｉｔｙ ｃａｎ ｂｅ ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｅｄ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｄ ｉｎ ａ ｓｅｃｕｒｅ．ｒｅｌｉａｂｌｅ，ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ．ａｎｄ ｒｅａｌ—ｔｉｍｅ ｍａｎｎｅｒ［５］． ９．２ Ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ＣＰＳ ｈａｓ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ： ・Ｉｔ ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｓ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ．ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ｉｔ ｅｍｂｅｄｓ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｃａｐａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｄｅｅｐｌｙ ｉｎｔｏ ｅａｃｈ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｓｕｂｓｙｓｔｅｍ．１ｔ ａｉｍｓ ｆｏｒ ｐｒｅｃｉｓｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｏｖｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ ｉｎ ｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｓ． ・ｌｔ ｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｏ『ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ Ｔｏ ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔ ｔｈｅ ｃｙｂｅｒ ｗｏｒｌｄ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｗｏｒｌｄ，ＣＰＳ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ ｆｗｈｉｃｈ ａｒｅ ｄｉｓｃｒｅｔｅ ｅｖｅｎｔ－ｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ ａｎｄ ｉｎｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｔｏ ｔｉｍｅ ａｎｄ ｓｐａｃｅ）ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏＩ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ（ｗｈｉｃｈ ａｒｅ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ Ｔｈｅ ｌｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ ｏｆ Ｔｈｉｎｇｓ ａｎｄ Ｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓ Ｉｎｔｅｌｌｉｇｅｎｃｅ【４ｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ—ｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ ａｎｄ ｔｉｍｅ ｓｐａｃｅ—ｆｏｃｕｓｅｄ），ｅｎａｂｌｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｓｃｒｅｔｅ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ ｔｏ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔ ａｎｄ ｔｉｇｈｔｌｙ ｃｏｕｐｌｅ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ． ・ｌｔ ｉｓ ａｄａｐｔｉｖｅ ｔｏ ｄｙｎａｍｉｃ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａ１ ｗｏｒｌｄ：ｉｔ ｈａｓ ｐｏｗｅｒｆｕｌ ｒｅｏｒｇａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ ｃａｐａｂｌｌｉｔｉｅｓ；ｉｔ ｃａｎ ｅｓａｉｌｖ：ａｎｄ ｉｔ ｉｓ ｅａｓｙ ｔｏ ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔ ｗｉｔｈ ｏｔｈｅｒ ＣＰＳ ｓｕｂｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ． ・Ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ｉｔ ｈａｓ ｍｕＩｔｉｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａＩ ｔｉｍｅ—ｓｐａｃｅ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｉｔｙ，ＣＰＳ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ａｎ ｏｐｅｎ，ｔｒｕｓｔａｂｌｅ，ａｎｄ ｐｒｅｄｉｃｔａｂｌｅ ｅｍｂｅｄｄｅｄ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ Ｔｈｅ ｅｍｂｅｄｄｅｄ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ｏｆ ＣＰＳ ｉｎｔｅｒｃ０ｎｎｅｃｔｓ ａｎｄ ｉｎｔｅｒｏｐｅ ｒａｔｅｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｃｙｂｅｒ ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ ｖｉａ ｌｈｅ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ． Ｆｕ ｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅ，ＣＰＳ ｈａｓ ｓｔｅｐｐｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｆｉｅｌｄｓ ｔｈａｔ ａｒｅ ｃｌｏｓｅｌｙ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ ａｎｄ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ’ｓ ｄａｉｌｙ Ｉｉｖｅｓ Ｉｔ ｉｓ ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｔｏ ｓｅｃｕｒｉｔｙ．ａｎｄ ｉｔｓ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ ａｎｄ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ ｍｕｓｔ ｂｅ ｐｒｅｃｉｓｅ ａｎｄ ｈｉｇｈｌｙ ｒｅＩｉａｂｌｅ． ９．３ Ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅｓ Ｔｏ ｒｅａｌｉｚｅ ｔｈｅ ｇｏａｌｓ ｏｆ ＣＰＳ，ｔｈｅｒｅ ａｒｅ ｓｏｍｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａＩ ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅｓ ｔｏ ｂｅ ａｄｄｒｅｓｓｅｄ Ａ ｇｏｏｄ ａｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕｒｅ ｌｓ ｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌ ｉｎ ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇ ｓｃａｌａｂｉ¨ｔｙ ｄｕｒａｂｉＩｉｔｙ．ｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ ｉｎｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ＣＰＳ『３１ Ｉｔ ｉｓ ａｌｓｏ ｔｈｅ ｋｅｙ ｔｏ ｃｕｓｔｏｍｅｒ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｍｅｎｔ． Ｔｏ ｅｎｓｕｒｅ ｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＣＰＳ．ｔｈｅ ａｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕｒｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｓｔａｂｌｅ，ａ ｃｌｅａｒ ｒｏａｄｍａｐ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｄｅｖｉｓｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｃａｎ Ｉｅａｄ ｔｏ ａ ｔａｒｇｅｔｅｄ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｂａｓｅｄ ｏｎ ｃｏｒｅ ＣＰＳ ａｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕ ｒｅ， ａｎｄ ａ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｓｃｈｅｄｕｌｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｉｎ ｐｌａｃｅ ｓｏ ｔｈａｔ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａＩ ａｃｈｉｅｖｅｍｅｎｔｓ ａｒｅ ｐｌａｎｎｅｄ ａｎｄ ｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｅｄ Ｔｈｅ ｎａｔｕ ｒａＩ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｃｙｃｌｅ ｓｈｏｕＩｄ ｂｅ ｂａｌａｎｃｅｄ Ｔｈｅｒｅ ａｒｅ ｓｅｖｅｒａｌ ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＣＰＳ Ｔｈｅ ｔｈｅｏｒｅｔｉｃａｌ ｂａｓｉｓ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｓ ｆｒＯｍ ｔｈｅ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｍｏｄｅＩ．Ｔｈｅ ｋｅｙ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓ ｏｆ ａ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ｉｓ ｉｔｓ ｄｅｐｌｏｙｍｅｎｔ ｉｎ ａｃｔｕａｆ ｅｎｖｉ ｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓ．Ｉｔ ｉｓ ａｌｓｏ ｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙ ｔｏ ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｇｒｉｔｙ．ｒｅｌｉａｂ＿ｌｉｔｙ ａｎｄ ｓｅｃｕ ｒｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ａｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕｒｅ Ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ｏｆ ｕｎｃｅｒｔａｉｎｔｙ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｔｅｒｎａ Ｊ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ ａｎｄ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａＩ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ．ＣＰＳ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｒｅｓｐｏｎｄ ｔｏ ａ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ｆａｉｌｕ ｒｅ ｏ ｒ ｍａｌｉｃｉｏｕｓ ａｔｔａｃｋ ａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃａｌｌｙ，ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｏｕｓｌｙ， ａｎｄ ｑｕｉｃｋｌｙ．Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｉｃｓ ｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｄ ｉｎ ９．２ ｔｈｅ ＯＳ ａｎｄ ａｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕｒｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ａｂｌｅ ｔｏ ｍａｎａｇｅ ｒｅｄｕｎｄａｎｔ ｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ｄｏｎｇｌｉａｎｇ Ｘｉｅ ａｎｄ Ｙｕ Ｗａｎｇ ｊｎｔｅｒｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｅｄ ｄｅｖｉｃｅ ｌａｙｅ ｒｓ．ｍｏｎｉｔｏｒ ｅｒｒｏｒｓ ｉｎ ｕｓｅｒ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ ａｎｄ ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓ，ａｎｄ ｑｕｉｃｋｌｙ ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒ ＣＰＳ ｆｒＯｍ ａ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ｆａｌｌｕｒｅ．Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｉｔｙ ＣＰＳ ｉｓ ａ ｃｒｉｔｉｃａＩ ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ．ａｎｄ ｇｕａｒａｎｔｅｅｉｎｇ ｉｔｓ ｓｅｃｕｒｉｔｙ ｉｓ ａｎ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ ｉｓｓｕｅ
１０ Ｓｕｍｍａｎ， Ｔｈｅ ＩｏＴ，ｃｌｏｕｄ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ，ａｎｄ ＣＰＳ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔ ａｎｄ ｃｏｕｐｌｅ ｗｉｔｈ ｅａｃｈ ｏｔｈｅｒ．１ｏＴ ｉｓ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｕｉｔｉｖｅ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＣＰＳ、ａｎｄ ｃｌｏｕｄ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａＩ ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔ ｆｏｒ １ｏＴ ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅ Ｔｈｅ ｄｅｍａｎｄｓ ｏｆ ｅｃｏｎｏｍｙ ａｎｄ ｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｉｎｇｓ ａｎｄ ＣＰＳ ｇｏ ｆａｒ ｂｅｙｏｎｄ ｅｘｉｓｔｉｎｇ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ． Ｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ ｆｒＯｍ ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅ ｏｆ ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ａｎｄ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａＩ ｉｎｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎ．ＩｏＴ ａｎｄ ＣＰＳ ａｒｅ ａ ｔｒｅｎｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｇｌｏｂａＩ ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ ａｎｄ ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ Ｔｈｅｙ ｗｉｌｌ ｈａｖｅ ａ ｐｒｏｆｏｕｎｄ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｎ ｅｘｉｓｔｉｎｇ ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａＩ ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ．ｂｅｃｏｍｅ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｒｅ ｃｏｍｐｅｔｅｎｃｅ ｉｎ ｌｈｅ ｎｅｗ ｊｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａＩ ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕ ｒｅ．ａｎｄ ｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｅ ｎｅｗ ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ ｇ ｒｏｗｔｈ