考研英语用真题解析定语从句
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文f
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文1. If you feel awkward being humorous , you must practice so that it becomes more natural . Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remark which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner .结构：•条件状语从句：If you [主] feel [谓] awkward being humorous [宾] ,•you [主] must practice [谓]•目的状语从句：so that it [主] becomes [谓] more natural [宾].•Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remark [主]•定语从句：which you [主] can deliver [谓] in a relaxed and unforced manner [宾]单词：Casual a.随便的非正式的临时的偶然的Off-the-cuff a.即兴的Deliver vt.交付发表Manner n.方式词组：So that 为了解析：•if引导条件状语从句•So that引导目的状语从句•which引导定语从句修饰remark，句子中不做成分直译：如果表达幽默时你感到尴尬，那么为了变得更加自然你必须进行练习。
包括用轻松的和随意的方式表达一些偶然的和明显即兴的评论译文：如果你不擅长应用幽默，你就必须练习，以便你的幽默显得更加自然。
内容包括一些随意的，显然是即兴的话语，你能够以轻松，自然的方式将他们说出来重点：•So that 为了•if引导条件状语从句•So that引导目的状语从句•which引导定语从句修饰remark，句子中不做成分2. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile , so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark .结构：•Often it’s [主+谓] the delivery [宾]•定语从句：which [主] causes [谓] the audience to smile [宾] ,•目的状语从句：so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look [主] may help [谓] to show •宾语从句：that you [主] are making [谓] a light-hearted remark [宾]单词：Delivery n.演讲方式递交Light-heart 轻松的解析：•Which引导定语从句，修饰delivery，在句子中作主语•That 引导宾语从句，作remember的宾语•That 引导宾语从句，作show的宾语直译：通常，让听众笑起来的是表达方式，所以，要说的慢点和记得扬起眉毛或者用不可思议的表情，这样能帮助展现出你正在轻松的做评论译文：通常是说话的方式使听众发笑，所以，说的慢一些，并且记住眉毛上扬或者露出一副难以置信的表情，这有助于表明你在做轻松的评论重点：•Which引导定语从句，修饰delivery，在句子中作主语•That 引导宾语从句，作remember的宾语•That 引导宾语从句，作show的宾语3. Look for the humor . It often comes from the unexpected .结构：Look for the humor .It [主] often comes from [谓] the unexpected [宾].词组：Come from 来自直译：寻找幽默，幽默通常来自意外译文：去追寻幽默吧，它常常来自意料之外4. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed , give up ”ora play on words or on situation . Search for exaggeration and understatements .结构：• A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed , give up ”or a play on words or on situation .•Search for exaggeration and understatements .单词：Twist n.转折扭曲Exaggeration n.夸张Understatement n.轻描淡写的描述不充分的描述低调的描述词组：Give up 放弃Give in 屈服投降Search for 寻找探索Play on 有意利用解析：•Or 连接三个并列句直译：在熟知谚语上使用转折，比如“如果你起初没有成功，那么就放弃吧”或者刻意利用文字或者情景。
历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析
1. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parlia mentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.【译文】经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地区(澳北州政府)成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
【析句】句子的主体结构是Australia's Northern Territory becam e the first legal authority。
句首成分After six months of arguing an d final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates是作状语的介词词组，动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patien ts who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to take th e lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die，修饰the first lega l authority。
【讲词】to take the life of sb和to take sb’s life意思是“结束某人的生命”。
A car bombing took the life of a 61-year-old man.(汽车炸弹夺去了一位61岁老头的生命。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文p
•The most obvious example［主］is［系］late-stage cancer care［表］.
•Physicians［宾］插入语：frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and
fearing loss of hope in the patienttoo often offer［谓］aggressive treatment far beyond［宾］
•宾语从句:what住］is scientifically justified［谓］单词:
Cancer n.癌症Scientifically ad.科学地
词组：
Late-stage a.晚期的解析：
•两个破折号之间是插入语，截断了主语和谓语what引导宾语从句，做介词beyond的宾语
直译：最明显的例子就是晚期癌症的治疗。医生——由于对治疗疾病无 能为力而沮丧，以及害怕病人失去希望——经常提供大胆的，和远远超 过科学合理的治疗方法译文：最明显的例子便是晚期癌症的护理。医生——由于不能治愈这种 疾病而感到沮丧，同时又担心病人失去希望——经常采用大胆的医疗方 法，这些方法远不符合科学标准
重点：
•that引导定语从句，修饰everythingEven if引导让步状语从句
2.The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care . Physicians-frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patienttoo often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified .
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文w
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace ? ”asks Martin Bercovici , a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers .结构：•“Do we [主] really want [谓] railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace [宾]? ”asks Martin Bercovici , a Washington lawyer•定语从句：who [主] frequently represents [谓] shippers [宾]单词：Arbiter n.独裁者主宰者仲裁人Frequently ad.经常地解析：•who引导定语从句，修饰lawyer，句子中做主语直译：”我们真的想让铁路企业成为决定市场中谁赢，谁输的主宰者吗？“，一个经常代表托运商的华盛顿律师马丁问道译文：经常代表托运商的华盛顿律师马丁贝尔科维奇律师问道：”难道我们真的要让铁路公司成为决定市场上谁兴谁衰的仲裁人吗？“重点：•who引导定语从句，修饰lawyer，句子中做主语2. Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increase . The railroad industry as a whole , despite its brightening fortunes , still does not earn enough to cover the cost of capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic .结构：•Many captive shippers [主] also worry [谓]•宾语从句：they [主] will soon be hit [谓] with a round of huge rate increase .•The railroad industry as a whole [主]•插入语：, despite its brightening fortunes ,•still does not earn enough [谓] to cover the cost of capital [宾] it [主] must invest [谓] to keep up with its surging traffic [宾]单词：Round n.连续事件Despite 尽管Brighten vt.照亮Capital n.资金Invest vt.投资Surge v.波动起伏n.急剧上升词组：Be hit with 被...击中A round of 一轮Keep up with 赶上解析：•Worry后面使宾语从句，省略了连接词that•Despite its brightening fortunes是插入语，截断了主语和谓语直译：许多受牵制的托运商也担心，他们很快将遭受新一轮的费率上涨。
考研英语长难句：定语从句
定语从句又称形容词性从句，就是用一个句子来修饰名词或代词，起到定语的作用，换句话说用一个句子来做定语，所以叫作定语从句。
除了定语从句的先行词和引导词外，还有一些关于定语从句的知识是你也需要了解的。
一、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句根据定语从句对中心词（即修饰词）限定的紧密程度分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
限定性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。
限定性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。
【例句】I found a book whose title page was printed with your signature.我捡到一本有你署名的书。
非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。
在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。
【例句】As is vividly shown from the picture, the information that the cartoon conveys is totally thought-provoking.如图所示，这幅漫画所传递的信息非常发人深省。
二、定语从句与同位语从句的区别1.同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰语被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围或补充一些情况。
【例1】The news that I have passed the exam is true.（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。
）【例2】The news that he told me just now is true.（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。
）2.关系词在句中是否作成分。
【例1】The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.（同位语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分。
考研英语(一)真题答案及解析(2012年)
2012年考研英语（一）真题答案及解析1.【答案】B【解析】从空后信息可以看出，这句表达的是"_ _法官表现得像政治家"的情况下，法庭就不能保持其作为法律法规的合法卫士的形象，所以应该选C,maintain"维持，保持"，其他显然语义不通。
2.【答案】A【解析】从第三段可以看出，文章认为法院和政治之间应该是有界限的。
所以这里应该是当法官像政治家一样行事，模糊了二者之间的区别时，就失去了其作为法律卫士的合法性。
只有B，when表示这个意思。
3.【答案】B【解析】第二段给的具体事例说明，法官出现在政治活动中会使法官形象受损，影响他们独立、公正的名声。
只有B，weaken能表示这个意思。
4.【答案】D【解析】空前信息显示，法官出席政治活动会让法院的审判收到影响，人们就会认为其审判不公正，所以选D，be accepted as..."被认为是"。
5.【答案】C【解析】空所在的语境为：产生这样的问题，部分原因在于"法官没有_ _道德规范"。
后一句话说，至少法院应该遵守行为规范，这显然是进一步说明上一句话。
所以上一句是说法官没有受到道德规范的约束，选C，bound。
6.【答案】B【解析】根据解析5可以看出，这里应该是说遵守行为规范，subject与to 连用，表示"服从某物，受…支配"。
故本题选B。
7.【答案】D【解析】分析句子结构可知，这里是由that引导的定语从句修饰说明前面的行为规范，是说法院也应当遵守适用于其他联邦司法部的行为规范。
apply to "适用于"符合题意。
resort to "求助于";stick to "坚持(原则等)"语意不通。
8.【答案】B【解析】空所在的语境为，类似这样的案例提出了这样一个问题：法院和政。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译o
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译1. In other words , there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.结构：•In other words , there is [谓] a conventional story line [主] in the newsroom culture [状]•定语从句：that provides [谓] a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure [宾] for otherwise confusing news [状] .单词：conventional a.传统的常见的惯例的符合习俗的Story n.叙述新闻报道情况史话Line n.方针原则方法概况思路newsroom n.新闻编辑部Backbone n.主干支柱脊骨骨气Ready-made a.现成的做好的陈旧的平凡的Narrative n.故事叙事记叙Otherwise ad.否则除此之外以不同方式相反Confuse vt.使混乱迷惑混淆困惑复杂化词组：In other words 换句话说直译：换句话说，在新闻编辑部文化中有一个传统的新闻报道方针。
它提供了一个框架和一个现成的叙事结构，给复杂的新闻解析：•There be句型是全部倒装，真正的主语在后面•that引导定语从句修饰story line 并在句子中做主语译文：换句话说，在新闻编辑部文化中有一个传统的新闻报道方针。
这个方针给复杂的新闻提供了一个主干框架和一个现成的叙事结构重点：•Story n.叙述新闻报道情况史话•Line n.方针原则方法概况思路•There be句型是全部倒装，真正的主语在后面•that引导定语从句修饰story line 并在句子中做主语2. There exists a social culture disconnect between journalists and their readers , which helps explain why the “ standard templates ”of the newsroom seem alien to many readers .结构：•There [主] exists [谓] a social and culture disconnect [宾] between journalists and their readers ,•定语从句：which helps explain [谓]•宾语从句：why the “ standard templates ”of the newsroom seem [谓] alien to many readers [表] .单词：Disconnect vt.断开切断供应是分离Alien n.外星人外国人a.外国的陌生的vt.转让词组：Alien to 不相容的与...相反陌生的直译：在新闻记者和读者之间存在社会和文化上的脱节，这也有助于解释了为什么新闻编辑部的标准模式似乎对很多读者来说是不相容的。
考研英语语法之三大从句
三大从句一、定语从句定语从句，简言之，就是用来做定语的句子，即用于修饰名词或代词的一个具有完整主谓结构的句子。
这个被修饰的名词或代词因为总是在定语从句的前面，所以我们称之为先行词。
而引导定语从句的连词，叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools.（一）定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句所修饰的对象。
只有正确找出先行词，才能明白定语从句所修饰的究竟是什么成分，才能正确理解句子前后各部分的逻辑关系，分清句子结构，从而正确理解句子。
1. 一个词（通常是名词，也可以是代词）For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.2. 一个短语During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.3. 一个从句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be.4. 一个完整的句子As can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of this condition.They are invited to the state banquet, which was a great honor to them.（二）引导定语从句的关系词1.It is about YOU, and how you performed and what you accomplished in those past jobs –especially those accomplishments that are most relevant to the work you want to do next.She had recently left a job and had helped herself to copies of the company’s client data, which she intended to draw upon in starting her own business.At the same time, the American Law Institute – a group of judges, lawyers and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight – issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.dream, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak.Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn’t have changed anything.Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.（三）定语从句与先行词的隔离考研英语中有很多复杂的定语从句，它们的先行词并不像常规那样紧靠着关系词，而是在先行词与关系词之间插入了很多成分。
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考研英语用真题解析定
语从句
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2016考研英语用真题解析定语从句
在2016考研英语的备考中，最难啃的"硬骨头"要当属语法难题，稍有不慎，知识大厦的结构就存在坍塌的危险。
下面尚考考研马老师就带各位考生来从真题中学习，打造满分定语从句。
语法备考的过程中拒绝豆腐渣工程。
【2014考研真题之翻译】
But that's exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn't recommend.
但那是一种绝不会为积极心理学家所称道的虚假的快乐。
●句式还原基本法
主句为that's exactly the kind of false cheerfulness.
That引导的限定性定语从句中缺失的宾语为先行词 the kind of false cheerfulness。
先行词还原于句中：Positive psychologists wouldn't recommend the kind of false cheerfulness.
According to Ben-Shahar , realistic optimists optimists are those who make the best of things that happen , but not those who believe everything happens for the best.
在Ben-Shahar看来，现实的乐观主义者会因势利导，而非求全责备。
●句式还原基本法
主句为realistic optimists are those ...but not those...
Who引导的限定性定语从句中缺失的主语先行词those。
先行词还原于从句中：those make the best of things that happen 和 those believe everything happens for the best .
并列平行结构：those who...but not those who...
Finally , there is perspective , which involves acknowledging that is the ground scheme of life, one lecture really doesn't matter.
最后，现在存在这样一个观点，即在生活的宏伟计划中，一次演讲是无关紧要的。
●句式还原基本法
主句为there is perspective。
Which引导的非限定定语从句中先行词为整个主句there is perspective。
先行词还原于从句中：that there is perspective involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life , one lecture really doesn't matter.
【2014年考研真题翻译】
It is also the reason why when we try to describe music withe words , all we can do is articulate our reaction to it , and not grasp music itself.
这也是为什么当我们试图用语言来描述音乐时，我们只能用语言来表达我们对音乐的感受，而不能完全理解音乐本身。
●句式还原基本法
主句为it is also the reason。
关系副词why引导的限定性定语从句的先行词为the reason，而从句本身是一个带有时间状语从句的复合句。
【2013年考研真题翻译】
A sacred place of people , however crude it may be , is a distinctly human need , as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.
它是一个和平的圣地，不管它有多么粗陋，但它明显是一种人类的需求，与收容所迥异，所收容的明显是一种动物的需求。
●句式还原基本法
Which引导的非限定性定语从句中缺失的主语为先行词A sacred place of peace。
其中however crude it may be 为让步状语，as opposed to shelter为插入语，是可以暂时忽略不计的。
句子的主干为A sacred place of peace is a distinctly human need , which is a distinctly animal need。
先行词还原于从句中：A sacred place of peace is a distinctly animal need .
今天带来的用真题打造满分定语从句的知识点，其中各个例句的定语从句，各位考生都吸收到位了吗？暑期是一个快速提分的最佳时期，小伙伴们一定要卯足干劲、力争上游。
尚考预祝各位考生金榜题名，取得理想佳绩！。