2019版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分题组提分练14 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars3

题组提分练14 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 限时35分钟加黑体小题训练推断判断题之写作意图题阅读理解A(原创) 体裁：说明文话题：世界与环境难度：★★★☆☆Scientists recently announced the discovery of a small, bird­like dinosaur from China which had unusual, colorful feathers. The scientists named the colorful dinosaur Caihong, which lived 161 million years ago during the Jurassic Period of earth's history, the Mandarin word for rainbow. They discovered the nearly complete and almost entirely undamaged fossil in Hebei Province.(第一段中的关键词discovery 是答题线索)(第一句说明羽毛的形状和颜色)Microscopic structuresin the fossil suggest that the creature had wide, shinyfeathers, mostly covering the dinosaur's head and upperbody, while much of its body had dark feathers. Chad Eliason is an evolutionary biologist with the Field Museum in Chicago, Illinois. He helped write the study announcing the discovery in the scientific publication Nature Communications. Eliason told the Reuters news service that the discovery “suggests a more colorful Jurassic World than we previously im agined.”The scientists used powerful microscopes to identify the remains of the cell structures responsible for the apparent color of the feathers. The shape of those structures appears to have influenced what color the feathers would have. Round­shaped s tructures in the Caihong fossil show that it had feathers similar to that of a modern­day hummingbird.The dinosaur had many bird­like qualities. But researchers doubt if it could actually fly. Its feathers could have served the purpose of gaining the attention of sexual partners while also providing protection from heat and cold. Caihong was two­legged and had a long, narrow head with sharp teeth. It had boney crests above its eyes, and it hunted other smaller animals for food.Scientists say many dinosaurs had feathers. Birds evolved from small feathered dinosaurs near the end of the Jurassic Period. Caihong had two kinds of feathers, and was the earliest­known creature with feathers that did not have the same shape on both sides. This is a physicalquality that modern birds have and use to direct themselves while flying.The unevenly shaped feathers on Caihong were on its tail. This suggests that tail feathers, not arm feathers, were first used to improve movement through the air in flying dinosaurs, scientists said.【语篇解读】文章介绍了彩色恐龙“彩虹”化石的发现及科学家们对其羽毛的研究。

1．The purpose of the passage is to ________.A. encourage further researchB. introduce a latest discoveryC. describe a unique animalD. provide some evidence答案与解析 B 写作意图题。

文章介绍彩色恐龙“彩虹”化石的发现及科学家们对其羽毛的研究，故文章的目的是介绍一个最新的发现。

2．The colorful feathers of the dinosaur ________.A. had different shapesB. helped it hunt animalsC. could help it fly in the skyD. covered much of its body答案与解析 A 细节理解题。

根据文章对恐龙“彩虹”羽毛的介绍可知他的彩色羽毛覆盖了头部和上身，而身体大部分是暗色羽毛。

根据倒数第二段中的“did not have the same shape on both sides”可知，羽毛的形状不同，故A项正确。

3．What is the attitude of Chad Eliason to the discovery?A. Indifferent.B. Doubtful.C. Cautious.D. Positive.答案与解析 D 观点态度题。

根据第二段中的“suggests a more colorful Jurassic World than we p reviously imagined”可知，他对这个发现所持的态度是积极肯定的。

阅读理解B(原创) 体裁：说明文话题：社会难度：★★☆☆☆The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Winter Solstice (冬至), the 22nd solar term of the year, begins this year on Dec.22 and ends on Jan. 5.On the first day of Winter Solstice, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the shortest day and the longest night in the year, as the sun shines directly at the Tropic of Capricorn. From then on, the days become longer and the nights become shorter. The Winter Solstice also marks the arrival of the coldest season in the year.There was a saying that went in ancient China, “The Winter Solstice is as significant as the Spring Festival.” As early as the Zhou Dynasty (c.11th century—256BC), people celebrated the first day of the Winter Solstice, which was also the first day of the new year. The Winter Solstice became a winter festival during the Han Dynasty (206BC—220AD). The celebratory activities were officially organized. On this day, both officials and ordinary people would have a rest. During subsequent (随后的) dynasties, such as the Tang (618-907), Song (960-1279) and Qing dynasties (1644-1911), the Winter Solstice was a day to offer sacrifices to Heaven and to ancestors.During Winter Solstice in North China, eating dumplings is essential to the festival. There is a saying that goes “Have dumplings on the first day of Winter Solstice and noodles on the first day of Summer Solstice.” People in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, are accustomed to eating wontons (馄饨) in midwinter. According to a legend, during the midwinter feast 2,500 years ago, the King of Wu was tired of all costly foods and wanted to eat something different. Then, the beauty Xishi made “wontons” for the king. He ate a lot and liked the food very much. In memory of Xishi, the people of Suzhou made wontons the official food to celebrate the festival.During the Winter Solstice, Hangzhou residents traditionally eat rice cakes. In places such as Shanghai, people eat tangyuan, a kind of stuffed small dumpling ball made of glutinous rice flour to celebrate Winter Solstice.【语篇解读】早在周朝(公元前11世纪—公元前256年)的时候，人们会在冬至第一天祭神，当时冬至也是新年的第一天。