Blends of Polypropylene and Syndiotactic 1,2-Polybutadiene：Morphology,Crystallization Behaviors
聚合物化学英语翻译
第三章Polymer StructureThis chapter is concerned with aspects of the structure of polymeric materials outside those of simple chemical composition. The main topics covered are polymer stereochemistry, crystallinity, and the character of amorphous polymers including the glass transition. These may be thought of as arising from the primary structure of the constituent molecules in ways that will become clearer as the chapter progresses.本章所关注的这些简单的化学成分之外的高分子材料的结构方面。
主要内容包括：聚合物立体化学，结晶，包括无定形聚合物的玻璃化转变的特征。
这些可能被认为是章进展变得更为清晰的方式，将组成分子的一级结构所产生的。
Before proceeding, a word on nomenclature is necessary. Polymer chemists, following the example of P.J. Flory, have tended to use the words configuration and conformation in a sense that differs from that conventionally employed within organic chemistry. In this book, by contrast, I intend to go along with F. W. Billmeyer, and use these words in the way that they apply more widely throughout chemistry. Thus configuration is the term given to an arrangement of atoms that cannot be altered except by breaking chemical bonds, while conformation is the term applied to the individual, recognisable arrangement of atoms that can be altered by simple rotation around a single bond. Configurations include head-to-tail arrangements, described in the previous chapter, conformations include trans versus gauche arrangements of successive carbon-carbon bonds along the backbone of an individual macromolecule.在继续之前，一个命名的话是必要的。
皮尔斯制品高容量吸附素酰啰脂聚糖球体-5mL与10mL包装说明书
INSTRUCTIONSNeutrAvidin® Agarose Resins29200 NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin, 5mL of settled resin (10mL total volume)29201 NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin, 10mL of settled resin (20mL total volume)Support: 6% crosslinked beaded agaroseBinding Capacity: ≥ 20µg biotinylated p-NPE/mL of settled resinSupplied: 50% aqueous slurry with 0.02% sodium azide29202 High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin, 5mL of settled resin (10mL total volume)29204 High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin, 10mL of settled resin (20mL total volume)Support: 6% crosslinked beaded agaroseBinding Capacity: ≥ 75µg biotinylated p-NPE/mL of settled resin≥ 8mg biotinylated BSA/m L of settled resinSupplied: 50% aqueous slurry with 0.02% sodium azideStorage: Upon receipt store at 4°C. Do not freeze resin. Product is shipped at ambient temperature.IntroductionThe Thermo Scientific NeutrAvidin Protein is a chemically modified version of avidin with a molecular weight of approximately 60,000. Unlike avidin, NeutrAvidin Protein has no carbohydrate portion and a neutral isoelectric point (pI = 6.3), resulting in minimal nonspecific binding.1 NeutrAvidin Protein immobilized onto 6% crosslinked beaded agarose is leak resistant, stable at pH 2-11 and suitable for gravity flow, spin and FPLC methods. This resin can be used to separate biotinylated products from non-biotinylated products and to affinity purify antigens when used with biotinylated antibodies. Important Product Information•To elute biotinylated molecules from the NeutrAvidin Agarose Resins, use 8M guanidine•HCl, pH 1.5 (Product No.24115) or boil the beads in SDS-PAGE sample buffer. For non-denaturing elution conditions, biotinylate the protein using NHS-Iminobiotin (Product No. 21117), which binds to NeutrAvidin Protein at pH 9.5 and dissociates at pH 4.Alternatively, use a thiol-cleavable biotinylation reagent such as NHS-SS-Biotin (Product No. 21331). •Guanidine•HCl may irreversibly damage the protein of interest. Furthermore, this harsh elution condition may result in leaching of NeutrAvidin Protein subunits and a considerable reduction in resin binding capacity from the loss of these subunits. Monomeric Avidin (Product No. 20228) allows for gentle elution conditions to recover biotinylated molecules without protein subunit contamination or reducing the column’s binding capacity.•The protocols included in these instructions are examples of applications for this product. Using specific applications and systems requires optimization.•When using 1mL of resin in a 5mL or larger column, incubate the resin with the biotinylated molecule for at least10 minutes. Omitting incubation may result in decreased binding capacity.Gravity-flow Column Method for Purifying AntigensA.Materials Required•Biotinylated antibody: Use approximately 3mg of biotinylated antibody/mL of the settled NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin or 8mg of biotinylated antibody/mL of settled High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin (2mL of the 50% slurry is equivalent to 1mL of settled resin). Prepare biotinylated antibody at 0.2-10mg/mL in Binding Buffer.•Sample containing antigen of interest•Binding Buffer: Phosphate-buffered saline (e.g., 0.1M phosphate, 0.15M sodium chloride; pH 7.2; Product No. 28372) •Elution Buffer: Thermo Scientific Pierce IgG Elution Buffer (Product No. 21004), Gentle Ag/Ab Elution Buffer (Product No. 21027) or 0.1M glycine•HCl, pH 2.8•Empty columns: Disposable Polystyrene Columns (Product No. 29920 for ≤ 2mL of resin or Product No. 29924 for 2-10mL of resin)B.Procedure1.Pack NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin into the column.Note: When using packed columns, remove the top cap first, empty the storage solution and then remove the bottom cap.This procedure prevents air bubbles from being drawn into the resin.2.Equilibrate column with 3-5 column volumes of Binding Buffer.3.Add biotinylated antibody solution to the column and allow solution to enter the resin bed. Replace the bottom and topcaps sequentially and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes.Note: If the solution volume is such that the entire sample cannot be added at once, incubate for 10-15 minutes and allow some of the solution to pass through the column. Then add more antibody solution and incubate. Do not exceed the resin’s binding capacity.4.Wash column with 5-10 column volumes of Binding Buffer.5.Add antigen sample in the column and allow the solution to enter the resin bed. Replace the bottom and top capssequentially and incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes or overnight at 4°C.6.Wash the column with 5-10 column volumes of Binding Buffer.Note: If using Gentle Ag/Ab Elution Buffer, wash column with three column volumes of Tris-buffered saline before antigen elution. The Gentle Elution Buffer is not compatible with phosphate-based buffers.7.Elute the antigen with 5-10 column volumes of Elution Buffer. Collect the eluate in 0.5-1mL fractions. If using IgGElution Buffer or 0.1M glycine•HCl, pH 2.8, immediately adjust the pH by the adding 100µL of 1M Tris, pH 7.5-9.0 per 1mL of sample. Monitor protein content by measuring the absorbance of each fraction at 280nm.8.Desalt or dialyze the eluted fractions into a buffer suitable for the downstream application.Note: Wash the immobilized biotinylated-antibody column with 10 column volumes of Binding Buffer before using it to purify more antigen. To store column, add a final concentration of 0.02% sodium azide and store at 4°C.Gravity-flow Column Method for Purifying Biotinylated MoleculesA.Materials Required•Biotinylated sample in solution: Use approximately 3mg of biotinylated protein/mL of settled NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin or 8mg of biotinylated antibody/mL of settled High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin (2mL of the 50% slurry is equivalent to 1mL of settled resin).•Binding Buffer: Phosphate-buffered saline (e.g., 0.1M phosphate, 0.15M sodium chloride; pH 7.2; Product No. 28372) •Elution Buffer: 8M guanidine•HCl, pH 1.5 (Product No. 24115)•Empty columns: Disposable Polystyrene Columns (Product No. 29920 for ≤ 2mL of resin or Product No. 29924 for 2-10mL of resin)B.Procedure1.Pack the NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin into the column.Note: When using packed columns, remove the top cap first, empty the storage solution and then remove the bottom cap.This procedure prevents air bubbles from being drawn into the resin.2.Equilibrate the column with three column volumes of Binding Buffer.3.Add biotinylated sample to the column and allow sample to enter the resin bed. Sequentially replace the bottom and topcaps and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes.Note: If the solution volume is such that the entire sample cannot be added at once, incubate for 10-15 minutes and allow some of the solution to pass through the column. Then add more antibody solution and incubate. Do not exceed the resin’s binding capacity.4.Wash the column with 5-10 column volumes of Binding Buffer.5.Elute the bound biotinylated sample with 5-10 column volumes of Elution Buffer. Collect eluate in 0.5-1mL fractions.Monitor protein content by measuring the absorbance of each fraction at 280nm.6.Immediately desalt or dialyze the eluted fractions of interest. To minimize protein precipitation caused by rapid pHchange, neutralize the fractions by slowly adding a high-ionic strength alkaline buffer, such as 1M Tris, pH 9.0.Spin Method for Purifying Biotinylated MoleculesA.Additional Materials Required•Biotinylated sample in solution: Use approximately 3mg of biotinylated protein/ml of settled Immobilized NeutrAvidin Protein or 8mg of biotinylated protein/ml of settled High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin (2mL of the 50% slurry is equivalent to 1mL of settled resin).•Binding Buffer: Phosphate-buffered saline (e.g., 0.1M phosphate, 0.15M sodium chloride; pH 7.2; Product No. 28372)•Elution Buffer: 8 M guanidine•HCl, pH 1.5 (Product No. 24115)•Pierce® Centrifuge Columns (Product No. 89896 for ≤ 2mL of resin or Product No. 89897 for ≤ 5mL of resin) •Collection tubesB.Procedure1.Equilibrate the NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin and reagents to room temperature.2.Pack resin into a column. Place column into a collection tube.3.Centrifuge at 500 × g for 1 minute to remove storage solution.4.Add one column volume of Binding Buffer on top of the resin bed. Centrifuge at 500 × g for 1 minute to remove buffer.5.Repeat Step 4 two additional times, discarding buffer from collection tube.6.Place column in a new collection tube, add biotinylated sample to the column and allow sample to enter the resin bed.Sequentially replace the bottom and top caps and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes.Note: If the solution volume is such that the entire sample cannot be added at once, incubate for 10-15 minutes.Centrifuge the column to allow some of the solution to pass through. Then add more protein solution and incubate. Do not exceed the resin’s binding capacity.7.Wash the column with one column volume of Binding Buffer. Centrifuge at 500 × g for 1 minute.8.Repeat Step 7 four additional times, discarding buffer from collection tube.9.Elute the bound biotinylated sample with 5-10 column volumes of Elution Buffer. Centrifuge at 500 × g for 1 minute andcollect the eluate for each fraction. Monitor protein content by measuring the absorbance of each fraction at 280nm. 10.Immediately desalt or dialyze the eluted fractions of interest.FPLC Method for Purifying Biotinylated MoleculesA.Additional Materials Required•Biotinylated sample in solution: Use approximately 3mg of biotinylated protein/ml of settled Immobilized NeutrAvidin Protein or 8mg of biotinylated protein/ml of settled High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin (2mL of the 50% slurry is equivalent to 1mL of settled resin).•Binding Buffer: Phosphate-buffered saline (e.g., 0.1M phosphate, 0.15M sodium chloride; pH 7.2; Product No. 28372)•Elution Buffer: 8M guanidine•HCl, pH 1.5 (Product No. 24115)•Cartridge column (1mL or 5mL)B.Procedure1.Equilibrate the NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin and reagents to room temperature. Ensure all solutions are degassed. Packcartridge column with High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin according to cartridge manufacturer’s guidelines.2.Fill the pump tubing with Binding Buffer.3.Snap off the end-tab at the column outlet.4.Equilibrate the resin with five column volumes of Binding Buffer at a flow rate of 0.2-1mL/minute for a 1mL column or1-5mL/minute for a 5mL column.5.Apply sample to the column. Use a 0.2-1mL/minute flow rate for a 1mL column or 0.5-2mL/minute for a 5mL column.6.Wash with 5-10 column volumes of Binding Buffer or until the absorbance approaches baseline. Use a 2mL/minute or5mL/minute flow rate for washing 1mL or 5mL columns, respectively.7.Elute with 5-10 column volumes of Elution Buffer at a flow rate of 0.2-1mL/minute for a 1mL column or 2-5mL/minutefor a 5mL column. Immediately desalt or dialyze the eluted fractions of interest.Batch Method for ImmunoprecipitationA.Materials Required•Sample containing antigen of interest•Biotinylated antibody: Use approximately 3mg of biotinylated antibody/ml of settled NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin or 8mg of biotinylated antibody/mL of settled High Capacity NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin (2mL of the 50% slurry is equivalent to 1mL of settled resin). Prepare biotinylated antibody at 0.2-10mg/mL in Binding Buffer.•Binding Buffer: Phosphate-buffered saline (e.g., 0.1M phosphate, 0.15M sodium chloride; pH 7.2; Product No. 28372).To reduce nonspecific binding, add 0.1% SDS, 1% NP-40 or 0.5% sodium deoxycholate to the buffer.•Elution Buffer: For eluting the antigen only, use Pierce IgG Elution Buffer (Product No. 21004), Gentle Ag/Ab Elution Buffer (Product No. 21027) or 0.1 M glycine•HCl, pH 2.8. For eluting the biotinylated molecule, use8 M guanidine•HCl, pH 1.5 or boil the beads in SDS-PAGE sample buffer.•Microcentrifuge tube(s)B.Procedure•The amount of antigen needed and the incubation time are dependent upon the antibody-antigen system used and require optimization for each specific system.•To allow for proper mixing, make sure the total reaction volume does not completely fill the microcentrifuge tube.1.In a microcentrifuge tube, solubilize antigen in 50µL of Binding Buffer and add the biotinylated antibody. Adjust thesample volume to 0.2mL with Binding Buffer. Incubate sample overnight at 4°C.2.Mix the NeutrAvidin Agarose Resin to ensure an even suspension. Add the appropriate amount of resin to the tubecontaining the antigen/biotinylated antibody mixture. Incubate the sample with mixing for 1 hour at room temperature or 4°C.3.Wash the resin-bound complex with 0.5-1.0mL of Binding Buffer. Centrifuge for 1-2 minutes at ~2500 ×g and removethe supernatant. Repeat this wash procedure at least four times and remove the final wash.Note: If using Gentle Ag/Ab Elution Buffer, wash resin with Tris-buffered saline before antigen elution. The Gentle Elution Buffer is not compatible with phosphate-based buffers.4.Add elution buffer to the resin to recover the bound antigen. If using Pierce IgG Elution Buffer or 0.1M glycine•HCl,pH 2.8, remove the liquid and immediately adjust the pH by adding a concentrated buffer such as 1M Tris, pH 7.5-9.0 (add 100µL of this buffer to 1mL of sample). Alternatively, boil the resin-bound complex in SDS-PAGE sample buffer.Additional InformationPlease visit our website for additional information including the following items:•Tech Tip #27: Optimize elution conditions for immunoaffinity purification•Tech Tip #7: Remove air bubbles from columns to restore flow rate•Tech Tip #29: Degas buffers for use in affinity and gel filtration columns•Tech Tip #13: Pack beaded affinity resin into columnsRelated Thermo Scientific Products21435 EZ-Link® Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotinylation Kit21440 EZ-Link NHS-PEO Solid Phase Biotinylation Kit: pre-packed column31000 NeutrAvidin Biotin-Binding Protein, 10mg20227 Pierce Monomeric Avidin Kit66425 Slide-A-Lyzer® Dialysis Cassette, 10K MWCO, 0.5-3mL capacity, 10 pack89868 Pierce Centrifuge Columns,0.8mL capacity, 50 pack89896 Pierce Centrifuge Columns,2mL capacity, 25 pack89897 Pierce Centrifuge Columns,5mL capacity, 25 pack89898 Pierce Centrifuge Columns,10mL capacity, 25 pack89882 Zeba™ Spin Desalting Columns, 0.5mL, 25 columns89889 Zeba Spin Desalting Columns, 2mL, 5 columns, for 200-700µL samples89891 Zeba Spin Desalting Columns, 5mL, 5 columns, for 500-2000µL samples69702 Pierce Spin Cups – Cellulose Acetate Filter, 50 packCited Reference1.Hiller, Y., et al. (1987). Biotin binding to avidin. Oligosaccharide side chain not required for ligand association. Biochem J248:167-71.This product (“Product”) is warranted to operate or perform substantially in conformance with published Product specifications in effect at the time of sale, as set forth in the Product documentation, specifications and/or accompanying package inserts (“Documentation”) and to be free from defects in material and workmanship. Unless otherwise expressly authorized in writing, Products are supplied for research use only. No claim of suitability for use in applications regulated by FDA is made. The warranty provided herein is valid only when used by properly trained individuals. Unless otherwise stated in the Documentation, this warranty is limited to one year from date of shipment when the Product is subjected to normal, proper and intended usage. This warranty does not extend to anyone other than the original purchaser of the Product (“Buyer”).No other warranties, express or implied, are granted, including without limitation, implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose, or non infringement. Buyer’s exclusive remedy for non-conforming Products during the warranty period is limited to replacement of or refund for the non-conforming Product(s).There is no obligation to replace Products as the result of (i) accident, disaster or event of force majeure, (ii) misuse, fault or negligence of or by Buyer, (iii) use of the Products in a manner for which they were not designed, or (iv) improper storage and handling of the Products.Current product instructions are available at /pierce. For a faxed copy, call 800-874-3723 or contact your local distributor.© 2012 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all trademarks are property of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. and its subsidiaries. Printed in the USA.。
端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷英文字母
端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷英文字母When it comes to polymers, one of the most unique and fascinating ones is the end-hydroxyl polydimethylsiloxane. Yeah, it's a mouthful, but it's got some pretty cool properties. You know, like its ability to resist heat and chemicals? It's like the superhero material in the world of polymers!Just imagine this polymer as a superhero. It's got this hydroxyl group at the end, which gives it some special powers. It's like having a cape or a magic wand that allows it to do some pretty amazing things. And when you mix it with other chemicals, it can create some truly amazing compounds.Another cool thing about end-hydroxyl polydimethylsiloxane is its flexibility. It's like a rubber band that can stretch and bounce back. This makes itperfect for use in all sorts of applications whereflexibility and durability are key. It's a real workhorseof a polymer!Oh, and did you know that it's also found in a lot of personal care products? Yeah, that's right! Its unique properties make it a great ingredient in things like hair conditioners and skin lotions. It helps to make them smoother and easier to apply. So, not only is it a superhero in the lab, but it's also a beauty booster in your bathroom cabinet!So, there you have it! End-hydroxyl polydimethylsiloxane is a pretty amazing polymer with a lot of cool uses. Whether you're a scientist or just.。
链穿梭聚合的研究进展
链穿梭聚合的研究进展苑泽华;刘东兵【摘要】The development process of chain shuttling polymerization mechanism and the principles of choosing catalysts and chain shuttling agents were summarized. The structure and properties of partial chain shuttling block copolymers were also included. During the chain shuttling polymerization,the active chains alternately grow among the active centers of the catalyst with remarkable difference under the influence of chain shuttling agent. The resultant chain shuttling block copolymer with rubber property has lower glass transition temperature,higher melting point and good transparency. The chain structure and the degree of branching of the copolymer can be adjusted by varying the kinds,formulae of the catalysts and chain shuttling agents and reaction condition in a single reactor,thus the structure and property of the chain shuttling block copolymer can be controlled.%综述了链穿梭聚合机理的发展过程，催化剂与链穿梭剂的选择思路及其匹配原则，并阐述了部分链穿梭嵌段共聚物的结构与性能。
化工原料和产品英文对照
化工原料和产品英文对照在化工领域中，我们经常需要使用英文来描述化工原料和产品。
了解这些英文对照可以帮助我们更好地与国际合作伙伴沟通，确保信息的准确传达。
下面是一些常见的化工原料和产品的英文对照。
1. 化工原料1.1 液体化工原料•乙醇（Ethanol）•丙酮（Acetone）•氯化钠（Sodium chloride）•硫酸（Sulfuric acid）•苯（Benzene）•甲醇（Methanol）•醋酸（Acetic acid）•氨水（Ammonia solution）•四氯化碳（Carbon tetrachloride）•硫醇（Mercaptan）1.2 固体化工原料•二氧化钛（Titanium dioxide）•硅胶（Silica gel）•聚乙烯（Polyethylene）•聚丙烯（Polypropylene）•聚氯乙烯（Polyvinyl chloride）•苯酚（Phenol）•氢氧化钠（Sodium hydroxide）•碳酸钠（Sodium carbonate）•碳酸钙（Calcium carbonate）•硫磺（Sulfur）2. 化工产品2.1 塑料制品•塑料袋（Plastic bags）•塑料瓶（Plastic bottles）•塑料管（Plastic pipes）•塑料薄膜（Plastic film）•塑料容器（Plastic contners）•塑料桶（Plastic barrels）•塑料盒（Plastic boxes）•塑料制品（Plastic products）•塑料模具（Plastic molds）•塑料颗粒（Plastic pellets）2.2 化学药品•药品原料（Pharmaceutical raw materials）•化学试剂（Chemical reagents）•生化试剂（Biochemical reagents）•醋酸纤维素（Acetate cellulose）•药用胶囊（Medicinal capsules）•药用注射器（Medical syringes）•化学试管（Chemical test tubes）•化学实验器具（Chemical laboratory equipment）•化妆品原料（Cosmetic raw materials）•化妆品配方（Cosmetic formulas）2.3 合成纤维•尼龙（Nylon）•涤纶（Polyester）•丙纶（Polypropylene）•腈纶（Acrylic）•聚酯（Polyester）•醋酸纤维素（Acetate fiber）•聚酰胺纤维（Polyamide fiber）•聚氨酯纤维（Polyurethane fiber）•氨纶（Spandex）•聚丙烯纤维（Polypropylene fiber）3. 结论掌握化工领域中化工原料和产品的英文对照是很重要的。
高分子材料英文单词词典
［二］茂金属催化剂|metallocene catalyst1,1-亚乙烯基单体|vinylidene monomer1,2-polybutadiene|1,2-聚丁二烯1,2-polyisoprene|1,2-聚异戊二烯1,2-二取代乙烯单体|vinylene monomer1,2-聚丁二烯|1,2-polybutadiene1,2-聚异戊二烯|1,2-polyisoprene1,2-亚乙烯基单体|vinylene monomer1,4-polybutadiene|1,4-聚丁二烯1,4-聚丁二烯|1,4-polybutadiene2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile|2,2′偶氮二异丁腈, AIBN2,2′偶氮二异丁腈|2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN3,4-polyisoprene|3,4-聚异戊二烯3,4-聚异戊二烯|3,4-polyisopreneabhesive|阻黏剂ablative polymer|烧蚀橡胶ablator|烧蚀剂accelerated ageing|加速老化accelerated sulfur vulcanization|促进硫化acetal resin|缩醛树脂acetylenic polymer|乙炔类橡胶acrolein polymer|丙烯醛类橡胶acrylate rubber|丙烯酸酯橡胶acrylic fiber|聚丙烯腈纤维,腈纶acrylic polymer|丙烯酸[酯]类橡胶acrylic resin|丙烯酸[酯]类树脂acrylonitrile styrene resin|丙烯腈-苯乙烯树脂, ASacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin|丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂, 简称“ABS树脂”activated monomer|活化单体activated polycondensation|活化缩聚activating accelerator|活化促进剂activation grafting|活化接枝activator|活化剂active carbon fiber|活性碳纤维active center|活性中心activity of initiator|引发剂活性addition fragmentation chain transfer|加成断裂链转移addition polymer|加[成]聚[合]物addition polymerization|加聚additive|添加剂adhesion|粘合adhesive|粘合剂,又称“胶粘剂”adjacent re-entry model|相邻再入模型adsorption polymerization|吸附聚合after-treating agent|后处理剂agar-agar|琼脂agglomerating agent|附聚剂aggregate|聚集体aggregation|聚集albumin|白蛋白aldehyde polymer|醛类橡胶alfin initiator|烯醇钠引发剂aliphatic epoxy resin|脂肪族环氧树脂aliphatic polyester|脂肪族聚酯alkyd resin|醇酸树脂alkyllithium initiator|烷基锂引发剂allene polymer|丙二烯橡胶allyl resin|烯丙基树脂allylic polymerization|烯丙基聚合alternating copolymer|交替共聚物alternating copolymerization|交替共聚合aluminate coupling agent|铝酸酯偶联剂amine cellulose|胺纤维素amino resin|氨基树脂Aminotriazine resin|三聚氰胺树脂amorphous orientation|非晶取向amorphous phase|非晶相,无定形相amorphous region|非晶区amorphous state|非晶态amphiphilic block copolymer|两亲嵌段共聚物amphiphilic polymer|两亲橡胶amylopectin|支链淀粉amylose|直链淀粉amylum|淀粉anaerobic adhesive|厌氧黏合剂analysis of end group|端基分析anion exchange resin|负离子交换树脂anion radical initiator|负离子自由基引发剂anionic cyclopolymerization|负离子环化聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization|负离子电化学聚合anionic exchange membrane|负离子交换膜anionic isomerization polymerization|负离子异构化聚合anionic polymerization|负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anisotropic membrane|各向异性膜anti-aging agent|防老剂anti-corrosion agent|防蚀剂anticracking agent|抗龟裂剂antidegradant|抗降解剂anti-fatigue agent|抗疲劳剂antifoaming agent|消泡剂antioxidant|抗氧剂antiozonant|防臭氧剂anti-reversion agent|抗硫化返原剂antiseptic|防霉剂anti-skinning agent|防结皮剂antistatic additive|抗静电添加剂antistatic agent|抗静电剂apparent molar mass|表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight|表观分子量apparent shear viscosity|表观剪切黏度aramid fiber|聚芳酰胺纤维,芳纶,芳香尼龙aromatic polyamide|聚芳酰胺aromatic polyester|芳香族聚酯aromatic polysulfonamide|聚芳砜酰胺artificial ageing|人工老化as-formed fiber|初生纤维association polymer|缔合橡胶asymmetric induction polymerization|不对称诱导聚合asymmetric selective polymerization|不对称选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization|不对称立体选择性聚合atactic block|无规立构嵌段atactic polymer|无规立构橡胶atacticity|无规度,无规立构度atom transfer radical polymerization|原子转移自由基聚合, A TRP autoacceleration effect|自动加速效应autocatalytic polycondensation|自催化缩聚auto-vulcanization|常温硫化auxiticity|拉胀性average degree of polymerization|平均聚合度average functionality|平均官能度Avrami equation|阿夫拉米方程axialite|轴晶azeotropic copolymer|恒[组]分共聚物azeotropic copolymerization|恒组分共聚合azo polymer|偶氮类橡胶azo type initiator|偶氮［类］引发剂backbitting transfer|尾咬转移bacterial degradation|细菌降解bag molding|袋模塑ball viscometer|落球黏度计ball viscosity|落球黏度ball-spring [chain] model|球-簧链模型banded texture|条带织构barrier polymer|阻透橡胶batch polymerization|分批聚合,间歇聚合bead polymerization|珠状聚合bead-rod model|珠-棒模型bending modulus|弯曲模量bending strain|弯曲应变bending strength|弯曲强度bending stress|弯曲应力benzoyl peroxide|过氧化苯甲酰, BPObiaxial drawing|双轴拉伸biaxial orientation|双轴取向bicomponent catalyst|双组分催化剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator|双官能引发剂bifunctional monomer|双官能［基］单体bimetallic catalyst|双金属催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst|μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimodal decomposition|亚稳相分离bimolecular termination|双分子终止bin cure|自硫[化]binary copolymer|二元共聚物binary copolymerization|二元共聚合Bingham fluid|宾汉姆流体bioactive polymer|生物活性高分子biocide|抗微生物剂biocompatibility|生物相容性biodegradable polymer|生物降解高分子biodegradation|生物降解bioelastomer|生物弹性体bioerodable polymer|生物可蚀性高分子biomedical polymer|生物医用高分子biomimetic polymer|仿生高分子biopolymer|生物高分子biorientation|双轴取向bisphenol A epoxy resin|双酚A环氧树脂bisphenol A polycarbonate|双酚A聚碳酸酯blend|共混blended spinning|共混纺丝block|嵌段block copolymer|嵌段共聚物block copolymerization|嵌段共聚合block poly(ester ether)|嵌段聚醚酯block polymer|嵌段橡胶block polymerization|嵌段聚合blood compatibility|血液相容性blow molding|吹塑blown extrusion|吹胀挤塑Boltzmann superposition principle|玻耳兹曼叠加原理boron carbide fiber|碳化硼纤维boundary phase|界面相branch chain|支链branched polymer|支化橡胶branching density|支化密度branching index|支化系数breaking strength|断裂强度bridged metallocene|桥基茂金属Brinell hardness|布氏硬度brittle cracking|脆性开裂brittle ductile transition|脆-韧转变brittle fracture|脆性断裂brittleness(brittle) temperature|脆化温度brush polymer|刷状橡胶bulk modulus|本体模量bulk polymerization|本体聚合bulk viscosity|本体黏度butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber|丁腈橡胶butyl rubber|丁基橡胶butyral resin|缩丁醛树脂calenderability|压延性calendering|压延,又称“轧光”capillary viscometer|毛细管黏度计carbamide resin|聚脲树脂,又叫“碳酰胺树脂”carbanionic polymerization|碳负离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization|碳正离子聚合carbocationic polymerization|碳正离子聚合carbocyclic ladder polymer|碳环梯形橡胶carbon chain polymer|碳链橡胶carbon fiber|碳纤维carbon nano-tube|碳纳米管carboxy terminated nitrile rubber|羧基丁腈橡胶carboxymethyl cellulose|羧甲基纤维素cast|铸塑cast molding|铸塑成型cast polymerization|铸塑聚合,浇铸聚合cation exchange membrane|正离子交换膜cation exchange resin|正离子交换树脂cationic catalyst|正离子催化剂cationic initiator|正离子引发剂cationic polymerization|正离子聚合,阳离子聚合cauliflower polymer|花菜状橡胶ceilling temperature of polymerization|聚合最高温度cellulose|纤维素cellulose acetate|乙酸纤维素,醋酸纤维素cellulose nitrate|硝酸纤维素,硝化纤维素chain axis|链轴chain backbone|主链,链骨架chain branching|链支化chain breaking|链断裂chain conformation|链构象chain end|链末端chain entanglement|链缠结chain extender|扩链剂,链增长剂chain flexibility|链柔性chain folding|链折叠chain growth|链增长chain initiation|链引发chain orientational disorder|链取向无序chain polymer|链型橡胶chain polymerization|链［式］聚合chain propagation|链增长chain repeating distance|链重复距离chain rigidity|链刚性chain scission degradation|断链降解chain segment|链段chain terminating agent|链终止剂chain termination|链终止chain transfer|链转移chain transfer agent|链转移剂chain transfer constant|链转移常数charge transfer complex|电荷转移复合物, CTC charge transfer initiation|电荷转移引发charge transfer polymerization|电荷转移聚合chelate polymer|螯合橡胶chelating ion-exchanger|螯合型离子交换剂chelating resin|螯合型树脂chemical crosslinking|化学交联chemical degradation|化学降解chemical fiber|化学纤维chemical foam|化学发泡chemical foaming agent|化学发泡剂chiral polymer|手性高分子chitin|甲壳质chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)|氯化聚乙烯chloroprene rubber|氯丁橡胶chlorosulfonated polyethylene|氯磺化聚乙烯chromatographic fractionation|色谱分级cis-1,4-polybutadiene|顺［式］-1,4-聚丁二烯cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber|顺丁橡胶cis-1,4-polyisoprene|顺［式］-1,4-聚异戊二烯cistactic polymer|顺式有规橡胶coalescence|聚集,凝聚coating|涂料coaxial extrusion|同轴挤塑coextrusion|共挤出coextrusion blow molding|共挤吹塑coherent elastic scattering of radiation|辐射的相干弹性散射cohesional entanglement|凝聚缠结coiled conformation|卷曲构象coil-globule transition|线团-球粒转换coiling type polymer|线团状橡胶coinitiator|共引发剂coinjection molding|共注塑cold drawing|冷拉伸cold flow|冷流cold rolling|冷轧cold stretching|冷拉伸collagen|骨胶原colorant|色料,着色剂column fractionation|柱分级comb polymer|梳形橡胶commodity polymer|通用高分子comonomer|共聚单体compatibility|相容性compatibilizer|增容剂compatiibilization|增容作用complex compliance|复数柔量complex dielectric permittivity|复数介电常数complex initiation system|复合引发体系complex modulus|复数模量complex viscosity|复数黏度composite|复合材料composite molding|复合成型compositional heterogenity|组成非均一性compression forming|压缩成型compression molding|模压成型compression set|压缩永久变形compressive deformation|压缩变形compressive strength|压缩强度computer simulation|计算机模拟concentration quenching|浓度猝灭condensation polymerization，polycondensation|缩聚反应condensed phase|凝聚相condensed state|凝聚态condensing process|凝聚过程conducting polymer|导电橡胶configurational disorder|构型无序configurational unit|构型单元confined chain|受限链confined state|受限态conformational disorder|构象无序conformational repeating unit|构象重复单元conjugate fiber|组合纤维conjugate spinning|复合纺丝conjugated monomer|共轭单体conjugated polymer|共轭橡胶constitution controller|结构控制剂constitutional heterogenity|组成非均一性constitutional repeating unit|重复结构单元constitutional unit|结构单元constrained geometry metallocene catalyst|限定几何构型茂金属催化剂continuous polymerization|连续聚合continuous vulcanization|连续硫化contour length|伸直长度controlled radical polymerization|控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合, CRP coordinated anionic polymerization|配位负离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization|配位正离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization|配位离子聚合coordination polymer|配位橡胶coordination polymerization|配位聚合coplasticizer|辅增塑剂copolycondensation|共缩聚copolyester|共聚酯copolyether|共聚醚copolymer|共聚物copolymerization|共聚合copolymerization equation|共聚合方程copolyoxymethylene|共聚甲醛core shell copolymer|核-壳共聚物core shell latex polymer|核-壳胶乳橡胶cospinning|共纺coumarone-indene resin|苯并呋喃-茚树脂coupling agent|偶联剂coupling polymerization|偶联聚合coupling termination|偶合终止crack|裂缝crack (俗称)|龟裂craze|银纹creep|蠕变creep compliance|蠕变柔量critical aggregation concentration|临界聚集浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC|临界胶束浓度critical molecular weight|临界分子量cross propagation|交叉增长cross termination|交叉终止crosslinked polymer|交联橡胶crosslinking|交联crosslinking density|交联密度crosslinking index|交联指数crude rubber|生橡胶crystalline fold period|晶体折叠周期crystalline polymer|结晶橡胶crystallinity|结晶度cure|固化curing|固化curing agent|固化剂cyclic monomer|环状单体cycloaddition polymerization|环加成聚合cycloalkene polymerization|环烯聚合cyclopolymerization|环化聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization|环硅氧烷聚合dead end polymerization|无活性端聚合,死端聚合dead milled|过炼deflection|挠曲deformation|形变,变形deformation set|永久变形degradable polymer|降解性高分子degradation|降解,退化degradation (degradative) chain transfer|退化链转移degree of branching|支化度degree of crosslinking|交联度degree of crystallinity|结晶度degree of orientation|取向度degree of polymerization|聚合度degree of swelling|溶胀度demulsifier|破乳剂dendrimer|树状高分子dendrite|树枝[状]晶体dendritic polymer|树状高分子denier|旦, 纤度单位, 9000米纤维重1克为1旦deoxyribonucleic acid|脱氧核糖核酸, DNA depolarization|解偏振作用depolymerase|解聚酶depolymerization|解聚dextran|葡聚糖,又称“右旋糖酐”dextrin|糊精diacetylene polymer|二乙炔橡胶diad|二单元组diallyl polymer|二烯丙基橡胶diblock copolymer|二嵌段共聚物dielectric dissipation factor|介电损耗因子dielectric loss constant|介电损耗常数dielectric relaxation time|介电弛豫时间diene monomer|双烯单体,二烯单体diene polymer|双烯橡胶diene polymerization|双烯［类］聚合differential fiber|改性纤维,俗称“差别纤维”diffusion controlled termination|扩散控制终止dimer|二聚体dimethyl silicone rubber|二甲基硅橡胶discotic phase|盘状相disorientation|解取向dispersant agent|分散剂dispersion polymerization|分散聚合disproportionation termination|歧化终止dissymmetry of scattering|散射的非对称性double stranded helix|双[股]螺旋double-strand polymer|双股橡胶drag reducer|减阻剂drape molding|包模成型draw ratio|拉伸比drier|催干剂dry jet wet spinning|干喷湿法纺丝dry spinning|干纺dry wet spinning|干湿法纺丝ductile fracture|延性破裂dye sensitized phtoinitiation|染料敏化光引发dynamic light scattering|动态光散射dynamic mechanical behavior|动态力学行为dynamic transition|动态转变dynamic viscoelasticity|动态黏弹性dynamic viscosity|动态黏度dynamic vulcanization|动态硫化dystectic polymer|高熔橡胶e value|e值ebonite|硬质胶efficiency of grafting|接枝效率elastic deformation|弹性形变elastic hysteresis|弹性滞后elastic recovery|弹性回复elasticity|弹性elastomer|高弹体,弹性体elastomeric state|高弹态electroactive polymer|电活性橡胶electrochromic polymer|电致变色橡胶electroluminescent polymer|电致发光橡胶electrolytic polymerization|电解聚合electrorheological fluid|电流变液electrostatic spinning|静电纺丝element polymer|元素高分子elimination polymerization|消除聚合elongation|伸长态elongation at break|断裂伸长eluant|洗脱剂elution fractionation|洗脱分级,淋洗分级elution volume|洗脱体积embedding|埋置,又称“包埋”emulsifier free emulsion polymerization|无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsion flash spinning process|乳液闪蒸纺丝法emulsion polymerization|乳液聚合emulsion polymerized butadiene styrene rubber|乳聚丁苯橡胶, ESBR emulsion spinning|乳液纺丝enantioasymmetric polymerization|对映［体］不对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization|对映［体］对称聚合end capping|封端end-to-end distance|末端距end-to-end vector|末端间矢量engineering plastic|工程塑料enzymatic polymerization|酶聚合作用enzyme like polymer|类酶高分子epichloro-hydrin rubber|氯醚橡胶epitaxial crystallization|外延结晶,附生结晶epitaxial growth|外延晶体生长,附生晶体生长epoxy resin|环氧树脂equilibrium melting point|平衡熔点equilibrium polymerization|平衡聚合equilibrium swelling|平衡溶胀equitactic polymer|全同间同等量橡胶equivalent chain|等效链erythro-diisotactic polymer|赤型双全同立构橡胶erythro-disyndiotactic polymer|赤型双间同立构橡胶ester exchange polycondensation|酯交换型聚合ethylene propylene diene monomer|三元乙丙橡胶,又称“乙丙三元橡胶”ethylene propylene monomer|二元乙丙橡胶,又称“乙丙二元橡胶”ethylene propylene rubber|二元乙丙橡胶,又称“乙丙二元橡胶”ethylene propylene terpolymer|三元乙丙橡胶,又称“乙丙三元橡胶”ethylene propylenecopolymer|二元乙丙橡胶,又称“乙丙二元橡胶”ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)|乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物Eucommea rubber|杜仲胶excess Rayleigh ratio|超瑞利比excimer fluorescence|激基缔合物荧光exciplex fluorescence|激基复合物荧光excluded volume|排除体积expanding foam|发泡expansion factor|溶胀因子extended-chain crystal|伸展链晶体extension ratio|拉伸比extensional viscosity|拉伸黏度external plasticization|外增塑作用external releasing agent|外脱模剂extraction fractionation|萃取分级extrusion|挤出,又称“压出”extrusion blow molding|挤出吹塑extrusion draw blow molding|挤拉吹塑成型e值|e valuefatigue resistance|疲劳强度fatigue strength|疲劳强度ferroelectric polymer|铁电橡胶ferromagnetic polymer|铁磁橡胶fiber|纤维fiber forming|成纤fiber reinforced plastic|纤维增强塑料fibril|原纤fibrous crystal|纤维晶fine polymer|精细高分子fire retardant|防火剂flame retardant|阻燃剂flash polymerization|闪发聚合,暴聚flexible chain|柔性链flexible chain polymer|柔性链橡胶flexomer|挠性橡胶flexural strength|弯曲强度Flory-Huggins theory|弗洛里-哈金斯理论flow birefringence|流动双折射fluorinated triazine rubber|三嗪氟橡胶fluorocarbon resin|氟碳树脂fluoroelastomer|氟橡胶fluoroether rubber|氟醚橡胶fluoroethylene resin|氟树脂fluororubber|氟橡胶fluorosilicone rubber|氟硅橡胶foam molding|泡沫塑料成型foaming agent|发泡剂fold domain|折叠微区fold plane|折叠面fold surface|折叠表面folded chain|折叠链folded-chain crystal|折叠链晶体formalized PV A fiber|聚乙烯醇缩甲醛纤维,维尼纶four center polymerization|四中心聚合fractionation|分级fracture mechanics|断裂力学fracture toughness|断裂韧性free radical chain degradation|自由基链降解free radical isomerization polymerization|自由基异构化聚合free radical lifetime|自由基寿命free radical polymerization|自由基聚合,游离基聚合freely-jointed chain|自由连接链freely-rotating chain|自由旋转链frictional coefficient|摩擦系数fringed-micelle model|缨状微束模型fully oriented yarn|全取向丝functional coating|功能涂料functional fiber|功能纤维functional monomer|官能单体functional polymer|功能高分子functionality|官能度furan resin|呋喃树脂furfural phenol resin|糠醛苯酚树脂furfural resin|糠醛树脂fusion casting|熔铸gas aided injection molding|气辅注塑gas phase polymerization|气相聚合gaseous polymerization|气相聚合Gaussian chain|高斯链gel|凝胶gel chromatography|凝胶色谱法gel effect|凝胶效应gel point|凝胶点gel spinning|凝胶纺[丝]gelatin|明胶geometrical equivalence|几何等效glass transition|玻璃化转变glass-transition temperature|玻璃化转变温度glassy state|玻璃态global chain orientation|[分子]链大尺度取向globular-chain crystal|球状链晶体good solvent|良溶剂gradient copolymer|梯度共聚物graft copolymer|接枝共聚物graft copolymerization|接枝共聚合graft polymer|接枝橡胶graft polymerization|接枝聚合grafting degree|接枝度grafting site|接枝点group transfer polymerization，GTP|基团转移聚合gum|树胶Gutta percha|古塔波胶halogenated butyl rubber|卤化丁基橡胶hardening agent|增硬剂head-to-head polymer|头-头橡胶head-to-tail polymer|头-尾橡胶heat curing|热硫化heat distortion temperature|热畸变温度heat of polymerization|聚合热heat stabilizer|热稳定剂helical polymer|螺旋形橡胶helix chain|螺旋链heterochain polymer|杂链橡胶heterocyclic polymer|杂环高分子heterofiber|异质复合纤维heterogeneous polymerization|非均相聚合heterogeneous vulcanization|不均匀硫化heteropolymer|杂聚物heterotactic polymer|杂同立构橡胶,异规橡胶Hevea|三叶橡胶H-film|H-膜high density polyethylene|高密度聚乙烯, HDPEhigh elastic deformation|高弹形变high impact polystyrene|高抗冲聚苯乙烯, HIPShigh modulus polymer|高模量橡胶high performance polymer|高性能高分子high polymer|高聚物high-pressure spinning|高压纺丝hollocellulose|全纤维素hollow fiber|中空纤维homofiber|单组分纤维homogeneous metallocene catalyst|均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous polymerization|均相聚合homopolycondensation|均相缩聚homopolymer|均聚物homopolymerization|均聚反应homopropagation|同种增长Huggins coefficient|哈金斯系数Huggins equation|哈金斯公式hybrid composite|混杂复合材料hydrocarbon resin|烃类树脂hydrodynamic volume|流体力学体积hydrodynamically equivalent sphere|流体力学等效球hydrogen transfer polymerization|氢转移聚合hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber|氢化丁腈橡胶hydrogenated rubber|氢化橡胶hydrolytic degradation|水解降解hydrophilic polymer|亲水橡胶hydrophobic polymer|疏水橡胶hydroxyethyl cellulose|羟乙基纤维素hyperbranched polymer|超支化橡胶H-膜|H-filmideal copolymerization|理想共聚合identity period|等同周期imbedding|镶铸immiscibility|不混容性immortal polymerization|不死的聚合impact modifier|抗冲改性剂impact molding|冲压成型impact moulding|冲压模塑impact strength|冲击强度impregnation|浸渍impression molding|触压成型in situ composite|原位复合材料in situ polymerization|原位聚合incompatibility|不相容性indene resin|茚树脂indentation hardness|压痕硬度induced decomposition|诱导分解induction period|诱导期inert filler|惰性填料inflation|充气吹胀inherent viscosity|比浓对数黏度inhibition|阻聚作用inhibitor|阻聚剂inifer|引发-转移剂iniferter|引发-转移-终止剂initiator|引发剂initiator efficiency|引发剂效率initiator transfer agent|引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent terminator|引发-转移-终止剂injection compression molding|注塑压缩成型injection molding|注射成型injection welding|注塑焊接inorganic organic polymer|无机-有机高分子inorganic polymer|无机高分子insertion polymerization|插入聚合integrated rubber|集成橡胶intelligent polymer|智能橡胶intercalation polymerization|插层聚合interchain interaction|链间相互作用interchain spacing|链间距intercondensation polymer|共缩聚物interfacial polycondensation|界面缩聚interfacial polymerization|界面聚合intermiscibility|相溶性internal plasticization|内增塑作用internal releasing agent|内脱模剂interpenetrating polymer networks|互穿聚合物网络, IPN intrinsic viscosity|特性黏数inverse dispersion polymerization|反相分散聚合inverse emulsion polymerization|反相乳液聚合ion exchange polymer|离子交换橡胶ion exchange resin|离子交换树脂ion pair polymerization|离子对聚合ionic copolymerization|离子共聚合ionic polymer|离子橡胶ionioic initiator|负离子引发剂ionomer|离子交联橡胶irrecoverable deformation|不可回复形变irregular block|非规整嵌段irregular polymer|非规整橡胶isomerization polymerization|异构化聚合isoprene rubber|异戊橡胶isospecific polymerization|全同立构聚合isotactic block|有规立构嵌段isotactic polymer|全同立构橡胶,等规橡胶isotactic polypropylene|全同立构聚丙烯,等规聚丙烯, iPP isotacticity|等规度,全同立构[规整]度jet molding|射流注塑jet spinning|喷射纺丝Kelvin model|开尔文模型kinetic chain length|动力学链长kneading|捏和ladder polymer|梯形橡胶lamella|片晶lamellar crystal|片晶laminate|层压材料Langmuir Blodgett film|LB膜(LB film)laser confocal fluorescence microscopy|激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser fiber|激光光纤late transition metal catalyst|后过渡金属催化剂latent curing agent|潜固化剂latex|胶乳LB膜|Langmuir Blodgett film (LB film)light initiated polymerization|光引发聚合light screener|光屏蔽剂light stabilizer|光稳定剂lignin|木素limiting viscosity number|特性黏数linear low density polyethylene|线型低密度聚乙烯, LLDPE linear polymer|线型橡胶linear viscoelasticity|线性黏弹性liquid crystal polymer|液晶高分子liquid crystal spinning|液晶纺丝liquid crystal state|液晶态liquid rubber|液体橡胶living anionic polymerization|活性负离子聚合living cationic polymerization|活性正离子聚合living polymer|活性高分子living radical polymerization|活性自由基聚合living ring opening polymerization|活性开环聚合logarithmic normal distribution|对数正态分布,又称“对数正则分布”logarithmic viscosity number|比浓对数黏度long chain branched polyethylene|长支链聚乙烯long period|长周期long range order|长程有序long-chain branch|长支链long-range intramolecular interaction|远程分子内相互作用long-range structure|远程结构loss modulus|损耗模量low angle laser light scattering|小角激光光散射low density polyethylene|低密度聚乙烯, LDPElower critical solution temperature|最低临界共溶温度, LCST lubricant|润滑剂lyotopic liquid crystal|溶致性液晶lyotropic liquid crystalline polymer|溶致液晶高分子macrocyclic polymer|大环橡胶macroinitiator|大分子引发剂macroion|高分子离子macromer, macromonomer|大分子单体macromolecular isomorphism|高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecule|高分子macroporous polymer|大孔橡胶macroreticular resin|大网络树脂magnetic polymer|磁性橡胶main chain liquid crystalline polymer|主链型液晶橡胶mass distribution function|质量分布函数mass polymerization|本体聚合masterbatch|母胶mastication|素炼matrix|基体matrix polymerization|模板聚合Maxwell model|麦克斯韦模型mean square end to end distance|均方末端距mean square radius of gyration|均方旋转半径mechanical failure|力学破坏mechanochemical degradation|力化学降解medical polymer|医用高分子melamine resin|三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂melamine-formaldehyde resin|三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂melt [flow] index|熔体流动指数melt adhesive|热熔胶melt phase polycondensation|熔融缩聚melt spinning|熔纺metal complex catalyst|金属络合物催化剂metallocene catalyst|［二］茂金属催化剂metastable state|亚稳态metathesis polymerization|易位聚合methyl cellulose|甲基纤维素methylal resin|缩甲醛树脂methylaluminoxane|甲基铝氧烷, MAOmethylvinyl silicone rubber|甲基乙烯基硅橡胶micro emulsion polymerization|微乳液聚合micro wave curing|微波硫化microgel|微凝胶microphase|微相milling|混炼miscibility|混容性mixing|混炼modulus of elasticity|弹性模量moisture proof agent|防潮剂molar mass average|摩尔质量平均molar mass exclusion limit|摩尔质量排除极限molding|模塑,又称“模压”molecular assembly|分子组装,分子组合molecular composite|分子复合材料molecular dynamics simulation|分子动力学模拟molecular nucleation|分子成核作用molecular weight distribution，MWD|分子量分布molecular weight exclusion limit|分子量排除极限monodisperse polymer|单分散橡胶monodispersity|单分散性monofil|单丝monofilament|单丝monomer|单体monomer casting|单体浇铸monomeric unit|单体单元Monte Carlo simulation|蒙特卡洛模拟Mooney index|门尼粘度morphology of polymer|聚合物形态学most probable distribution|最概然分布,曾用名“最可几分布”moulding curing|模压硫化multiaxial drawing|多轴拉伸multicomponent copolymer|多组分共聚物multifilament|复丝multi-layer blow molding|多层吹塑multilayer copolymer|多层共聚物multi-layer extrusion|多层挤塑multiphase polymer|多相橡胶multipolymer|多元橡胶multi-strand polymer|多股橡胶nanocomposite|纳米复合材料nano-fiber|纳米纤维natural fiber|天然纤维natural polymer|天然高分子natural resin|天然树脂natural rubber|天然橡胶natural silk|蚕丝necking \t又称“细颈现象”|颈缩现象nematic phase|向列相nerviness|回缩性,弹性复原network|网络network density|网络密度network polymer|网络橡胶Newtonian fluid|牛顿流体Newtonian shear viscosity|牛顿剪切黏度nitrile rubber|丁腈橡胶nitrosofluoro rubber|亚硝基氟橡胶nitroxide mediated polymerization|氮氧[自由基]调控聚合non conjugated monomer|非共轭单体non polar monomer|非极性单体non-linear viscoelasticity|非线性黏弹性non-Newtonian fluid|非牛顿流体non-polar polymer|非极性橡胶non-pressure cure|无压硫化non-shrink|防缩non-uniform polymer|多分散性橡胶non-woven fabrics|无纺布normal stress|法向应力nucleation|成核作用number distribution function|数量分布函数number-average molar mass|数均分子量number-average molecular weight|数均分子量oil-extended rubber|充油橡胶olefine copolymer (OCP)|烯烃共聚物oligomer|低聚物,齐聚物oligomerization|低聚反应oligomerization(曾用名)|齐聚反应open vulcanization|无模硫化optical active polymer|光活性橡胶optical bleaching agent|荧光增白剂organic inorganic hybrid material|有机-无机杂化材料organic polymer|有机高分子organometallic polymer|金属有机橡胶over cure|过硫oxetane polymer|氧杂环丁烷橡胶oxidative coupling polymerization|氧化偶联聚合oxidative polymer|氧化性橡胶oxidative polymerization|氧化聚合paint|油漆paraformaldehyde\t又称“多聚甲醛”|低聚甲醛parallel-chain crystal|平行链晶体partial ladder polymer|部分梯形橡胶particle scattering factor|粒子散射因子particle scattering function|粒子散射函数paste molding|糊塑pearl polymerization|珠状聚合peeling strength|剥离强度pentad|五单元组penultimate effect|前末端基效应peptizer|塑解剂,胶溶剂periodic copolymer|周期共聚物peroxide crosslinking|过氧化物交联persistence length|相关长度persistent radical|持续自由基persulphate initiator|过硫酸盐引发剂perturbed dimension|扰动尺寸petroleum resin|石油树脂phase inversion polymerization|相转化聚合phase separation|相分离phenol ether resin|苯酚醚树脂phenol-formaldehyde resin|酚醛树脂phenolic resin|酚醛树脂photo oxidative degradation|光氧化降解photo polymerization|光［致］聚合photoageing|光老化photoconductive fiber|光导纤维photoconductive polymer|光[电]导橡胶photocrosslinkable polymer|光交联橡胶photocrosslinking|光交联photo-cure|光固化photocureable polymer|光固化橡胶photodegradable polymer|光降解橡胶photodegradation|光降解photoelastic polymer|光弹性橡胶photoiniferter|光引发转移终止剂photoinitiator|光敏引发剂photoluminescence polymer|光致发光橡胶photopolymer|感光橡胶photoresist|光致抗蚀剂,光刻胶photoresponsive polymer|光响应高分子photosensitive polymer|光敏橡胶photosensitized polymerization|光敏聚合photostabilizer|光稳定剂physical ageing|物理老化physical crosslinking|物理交联physical entanglement|物理缠结physical foam|物理发泡physical foaming agent|物理发泡剂piezoelectric polymer|压电高分子pilling effect|起球现象plasma polymerization|等离子体聚合plasma processing|等离子体加工plastic|塑料plastic alloy|塑料合金plastic deformation|塑性形变plastic flow|塑性流动plastication|塑炼plasticization|增塑作用plasticizer|增塑剂plasticizer extender|增塑增容剂plasticizing|塑化plastisol|增塑溶胶plastomer|塑性体Poisson's ratio|泊松比polar monomer|极性单体polar polymer|极性橡胶poly (aryl ether)|芳香族聚醚poly(1-butene)|聚1-丁烯poly(1-octene)|聚(1-辛烯)poly(4-methyl-1-pentene)|聚4-甲基-1-戊烯poly(8 amino caprylic acid)|聚（8-氨基辛酸）,尼龙8,聚酰胺8 poly(acrylic acid)|聚丙烯酸poly(aryl sulfone)(PAS)|聚芳砜poly(butylene terephthalate)|聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene)|聚三氟氯乙烯, PCTFEpoly(diphenyl ether sulfone)|聚二苯醚砜poly(ether amide)|聚醚酰胺poly(ether sulfone)|聚醚砜poly(ether-ether-ketone)|聚醚醚酮, PEEKpoly(ether-ketone)|聚醚酮, PEKpoly(ether-ketone-ketone)|聚醚酮酮, PEKKpoly(ether-urethane)|聚醚氨酯poly(ethylene oxide)\t又称“聚氧化乙烯(polyoxyethylene)”|聚环氧乙烷poly(ethylene terephthalate)|聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯poly(glutamic acid)|聚谷氨酸,聚2-氨基戊二酸poly(hexamethylene adipamide)|聚己二酰己二胺poly(lactic acid)|聚乳酸poly(methyl methacrylate)|聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯poly(oxyethylene glycol)|聚乙二醇poly(perfluoropropene)|聚全氟丙烯poly(p-phenylene sulfide)|聚对亚苯硫醚,俗称"聚苯硫醚"poly(p-phenylene terephthalate)|聚对苯二甲酸对苯二酯poly(p-phenylene)|聚对亚苯poly(propylene oxide)\t又称“聚氧化丙烯(polyoxytrimethyl-ene)”|聚环氧丙烷poly(pyromellitimido-1,4-phenylene)|聚均苯四酰亚胺-1,4-亚苯poly(tetrafluoroethylene)|聚四氟乙烯poly(tetramethylene terephthalate)|聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯poly(vinyl acetate)|聚乙酸乙烯酯,聚醋酸乙烯酯poly(vinyl alcohol)|聚乙烯醇poly(vinyl butyral)|聚乙烯醇缩丁醛poly(vinyl chloride)|聚氯乙烯poly(vinyl fluoride)|聚氟乙烯poly(vinyl formal)|聚乙烯醇缩甲醛poly(vinylene chloride)|聚1,2-二氯亚乙烯poly(vinylidene chloride)|聚偏二氯乙烯,聚偏[二]氯乙烯poly(vinylidene fluoride)|聚偏二氟乙烯,聚偏[二]氟乙烯poly(βalanine)|聚（β-氨基丙酸）,尼龙3,聚酰胺3poly(ωamino caproic acid)|聚（ω-氨基己酸）,尼龙6,聚酰胺6 polyacetylene|聚乙炔polyacrylate|聚丙烯酸盐,聚丙烯酸酯polyacrylonitrile|聚丙烯腈polyaddition|聚加成反应polyaddition (曾用名)|逐步加成聚合polyalkenamer|开环聚环烯烃polyallomer|异质同晶橡胶polyamide|聚酰胺polyamide fiber|聚酰胺纤维,锦纶,尼龙polyampholyte|两性聚电解质polyamphoteric electrolyte|两性聚电解质polyaniline|聚苯胺polyaramide|聚芳酰胺。
熔融结晶法分离提纯对二甲苯
2017年第36卷第5期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS·1605·化 工 进展熔融结晶法分离提纯对二甲苯沈澍，李士雨（天津大学化工学院，天津 300354）摘要：针对混合二甲苯吸附分离后得到的对二甲苯中含有少量甲苯物系，提出熔融结晶法分离对二甲苯与甲苯的新工艺。
采用差示扫描量热法（DSC ）测量了对二甲苯与甲苯之间的固液平衡相图，实验数据表明该二元物系为低共熔型物系，在此基础上进行液膜结晶实验，可分离得到对二甲苯纯度为99.5%以上的产品，证明采用熔融结晶法分离对二甲苯与甲苯是可行的。
根据实验过程建立了液膜结晶动态过程的数学模型，由模型计算得到的结果与实验数据很好的吻合，验证了模型的准确性，并用模型优化操作条件，得到适当的喷淋密度与降温速率可改善晶层生长不均的结论。
分别对熔融结晶和精馏分离过程进行成本核算，结果表明结晶过程固定投资相比精馏低很多，且操作工况稳定，易于得到高纯产品，但能耗略高，因此结晶适用于小批量生产，精馏适用于大批量生产。
关键词：熔融结晶；对二甲苯；固液平衡；建模；成本核算中图分类号：TQ026.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000–6613（2017）05–1605–07 DOI ：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.05.007Purification of p -xylene by melt crystallizationSHEN Shu ，LI Shiyu（School of Chemical Engineering ，Tianjin University ，Tianjin 300354，China ）Abstract ：Adsorption separation of mixed xylene can obtain p -xylene ，but it still contains a smallamount of toluene. A new separation process of p -xylene and toluene by melt crystallization was proposed. The solid-liquid equilibrium phase diagram of p -xylene and toluene was measured by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC ）. The experimental data showed that the binary system presented a eutectic point. On the basis of the solid–liquid equilibrium ，liquid film crystallization experiments were carried out. It can obtain p -xylene products with the purity over 99.5%. The results indicated that it was feasible to separate p -xylene and toluene by melt crystallization. According to the experimental process ，the dynamic mathematical model of liquid film crystallization was established. The model values agreed well with the experimental data ，which verified the accuracy of the model.With the model optimization of operating conditions ，the appropriate spray density and cooling rate can weaken the problem of uneven crystal layer growth. Cost accounting about melt crystallization and distillation separation processes was carried out respectively. The results showed that the fixed investment of crystallization was much lower than the distillation and operation conditions were stable. Crystallization was easy to get high purity products ，but its energy consumption was slightly higher than distillation. Thus ，the crystallization was suitable for small batch production ，and the distillation was appropriate for high-volume production.Key words ：melt crystallization ；p -xylene ；solid-liquid equilibrium ；modeling ；cost accounting第一作者：沈澍（1992—），女，硕士研究生。
翻译
在超临界二氧化碳中合成聚丙烯酰胺粒子---日本ohde＆＃围若泽里格兹六月：19收到2006 /2006 /29接受：八月发表：十一月162006高等教育出版社2006摘要：聚丙烯粒子，50至200纳米，是在超临界二氧化碳中由丙烯酰胺的反相乳液聚合。
交联聚丙烯酰胺是由分子间反应合成的。
关键词：反相乳液聚合。
纳米粒子。
聚丙烯酰胺。
超临界流体。
合成介绍合成水溶性聚丙烯酰胺进入广泛使用[ 1–7 ]。
根据最终应用，单体可以很容易地共与不同单体，交联，等进行交聚。
聚丙烯酰胺可进行化学改性，使其呈阳离子，阴离子或两性。
他们的疏水性或亲水性也可以通过控制化学改性或共聚物化控制。
他们可以制成凝胶或珠。
单体可在几种溶剂，包括水和反相乳液中聚合。
通过inverseemulsion 聚合，高分子量的线性或交联的聚丙烯酰胺可以在一个相对低粘度介质中产生。
反相乳液聚合存在于反应的单体在表面活性剂稳定的油包水型乳液（/）—锡安。
在一个逆乳化过程中产生丙烯酰胺有几个优势。
这些包括高反应率，固体浓度，聚合物分子量，降低溶液粘度高散热率[ 8]。
然而，这些优势，也有一些缺点。
这些缺点包括石油的存在和在最终阶段分离的油内在不稳定的乳液。
在大多数应用中石油是一种不良的污染物。
因此，石油是在最终的反应中聚合删除，替换的。
一个解决旁路相关问题的油相位方法是在超临界流体中进行反应。
超临界流体提供了当有―gaslike―粘度他们表现出―liquidlike‖密度和溶剂的优势。
此外，他们的溶剂性能可调谐不同压力。
使用这些优势，贝克曼和斯密[ 9，10 ]在65°C的超乙烷/专业窗格的混合物中进行逆丙烯酰胺的聚合。
其次是亚当斯凯和贝克曼[ 11]，他们在超临界二氧化碳集成开发环境进行反相乳液丙烯酰胺的聚合。
超临界二氧化碳的吸引力在于廉价，无毒，不易燃，展品临界温度31℃–°[12-14]。
这两种技术在生产高分子量的线性聚丙烯酰胺的反应中有高反应率。