2019年高三四月调考试题解析
2019届湖北省武汉市高三4月调研测试数学(理)试卷及解析

A. B. C. D.
【答案】D
【解析】利用函数的单调性,列出不等式组,然后求解即可.
【详解】
解:a>0且a≠1,函数 在R上单调递增,
可得: ,解得a∈(1,2].
故选:D.
8.大学生小明与另外3名大学生一起分配到某乡镇甲、乙丙3个村小学进行支教,若每个村小学至少分配1名大学生,则小明恰好分配到甲村小学的概率为()
A. B. C. D.
【答案】A
【解析】根据所给的图形,计算出总人数,即可得到A的人数.
【详解】
解:根据选择D方式的有18人,所占比例为15%,得总人数为 120人,
故选择A方式的人数为120﹣42﹣30﹣18=30人.
故选:A.
5.为了得到函数 的图像,可以将 的图像()
A.向右平移 个单位长度B.向右平移 个单位长度
【详解】
解:易知直线AB不与y轴平行,设其方程为y﹣2=k(x﹣4)
代入双曲线C: ,整理得(1﹣2k2)x2+8k(2k﹣1)x﹣32k2+32k﹣10=0
设此方程两实根为 , ,则
又P(4,2)为AB的中点,
所以 8,
解得k=1
当k=1时,直线与双曲线相交,即上述二次方程的△>0,
所求直线AB的方程为y﹣2=x﹣4化成一般式为x﹣y﹣2=0. =8, =10
A. B. C. D.
【答案】B
【解析】利用相互独立事件概率乘法公式能求出他第2球投进的概率.
【详解】
解:某校篮球运动员进行投篮练习,若他前一球投进则后一球投进的概率为 ,
若他前一球投不进则后一球投进的概率为 .若他第1球投进的概率为 ,
精品解析:【省级联考】湖北省2019届高三4月份调研考试数学(理)试题(解析版)

2019年湖北省第四届高考测评活动4月调考理科数学试卷一、选择题.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.)A.C.【答案】D【解析】【分析】..故答案为:D.【点睛】这个题目考查了集合的并集的解法,以及指数不等式的解法.2.)A. B. D. 【答案】D【解析】【分析】.AB,故答案为:D.【点睛】这个题目考查了复数的模长的计算,属于简单题.3.)A. B. D.【答案】B【解析】【分析】故答案为:B.【点睛】这个题目考查了三角函数化一公式的应用,以及诱导公式的应用,属于基础题.4.)A.C.【答案】B【解析】【分析】.的离心率为,双曲线的渐近线方程为:故答案为:B.【点睛】这个题目考查了双曲线的离心率的求法,以及设计了离心率和渐近线的表达式间的关系,属于基础题.5.如图,网格纸上的小正方形的边长为1,粗线画出的是某几何体的三视图,则该几何体的体积为()A. B. 1 D.【答案】C【解析】【分析】根据三视图还原几何体,由棱锥体积公式计算得到结果.2,棱锥的高为1故答案为:C.【点睛】思考三视图还原空间几何体首先应深刻理解三视图之间的关系,遵循“长对正,高平齐,宽相等”的基本原则,其内涵为正视图的高是几何体的高,长是几何体的长;俯视图的长是几何体的长,宽是几何体的宽;侧视图的高是几何体的高,宽是几何体的宽.由三视图画出直观图的步骤和思考方法:1、首先看俯视图,根据俯视图画出几何体地面的直观图;2、观察正视图和侧视图找到几何体前、后、左、右的高度;3、画出整体,然后再根据三视图进行调整.6.集为()A.C.【答案】A【解析】【分析】可得到函数是单调递增的,故在整个实属故答案为:A.【点睛】这个题目考查了函数奇偶性的应用,以及函数单调性的应用,对于解不等式的问题,如果不等式的解析式未知或者已知表达式,直接解不等式非常复杂,则通常是研究函数的奇偶性和单调性来达到解不等式的目的.7.甲乙2人从4门课程中各自选修2门课程,并且所选课程中恰有1门课程相同,则不同的选法方式有()A. 36种B. 30种C. 24种D. 12种【答案】C【解析】【分析】先从4门课程中选出1门,是两个人共同选的一科,选法种数为4种, 剩下三门,选出不同的两门,分别给.【详解】先从4门课程中选出1门,是两个人共同选的一科,选法种数为4种,剩下三门,选出不同的两门,.故答案为:C.【点睛】解排列组合问题要遵循两个原则:①按元素(或位置)的性质进行分类;②按事情发生的过程进行分步.具体地说,解排列组合问题常以元素(或位置)为主体,即先满足特殊元素(或位置),再考虑其他元素(或位置).8.)A. B. C. 2 D.【答案】C【解析】【分析】.【详解】以D点为原点,BC所在直线为x轴,AD所在直线为y轴,建立坐标系,设内切圆的半径为1,以(0,1)为圆心,1为半径的圆;故得到故最大值为:2.故答案为:C.【点睛】这个题目考查了向量标化的应用,以及参数方程的应用,以向量为载体求相关变量的取值范围,是向量与函数、不等式、三角函数等相结合的一类综合问题.通过向量的运算,将问题转化为解不等式或求函数值域,是解决这类问题的一般方法.9..其中正确说法的个数有()A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 3【答案】C【解析】【分析】根据三角形中大边对大角以及正弦定理得到①正确;由正弦函数的单调性得到②正确;由前两个判断的基.【详解】在中,若,根据大边对大角可得到故①正确;正弦函数在这一区间内是单调递增的,故②正确;若,即故三角形为钝角三角形,故③错误.故答案为:C.【点睛】本题考查命题真假的判断,解题时要认真审题,注意正弦定理、诱导公式等知识的合理运用.10.)A. B. D.【答案】A【解析】【分析】点,故这两个零点应该是进而求解.,其中,,,故这两个零点应该是,解得故答案为:A.【点睛】这个题目考查了三角函数的性质的应用,整体思想的应用,整体思想是将ω x +φ看做一个整体,地位等同于sinx中的x。
湖北省武汉市2019届高三毕业生四月调考语文试题(含详细答案)

武汉市2019届高中毕业生四月调研测试语文试卷2018.4.19本试题卷共10页,22题。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
★祝考试顺利★注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
①贬谪是对负罪官吏的一种行政处罚,是一种强制性措施,通过对负罪者减秩降职、出之外地等手段,使其“思过自效”。
作为中国古代一种独特的政治、文化现象,贬谪制度起源甚早。
到了唐五代,贬谪制度亦因之完整、严密起来,成为唐代政治制度的重要补充。
②综观唐五代三百四十余年的贬谪史,可谓严酷激烈,繁复多变,其内里蕴含着各种各样的原因,表现出难以缕述的丰富样态,但从整体来看,宽严交替、株连面广、贬杀结合、文士多逐臣,乃是其较为突出的特点。
这几大特点,深层次地反映了唐五代贬谪制度实施过程中的某些规律。
③唐五代的贬谪主要有既降品秩又远迁异地者、降秩而不出京者、不出京品秩不降而投闲置散者、被贬出外品秩不降反升者等几种情形;唐五代的贬官主要有左降官、责授正员官、量移官和流人等几种类型;而一些史书未明言为贬实则与贬谪无异的外任,如节度使、观察使、刺史及东都分司官等,亦当视同贬官。
但无论是典型的贬官,还是普通的贬官,在实质上都有相同的一面,那就是都体现了君主对臣子的疏远弃逐,都体现了政治这柄双刃剑给予逐臣的警戒和惩罚。
④我们知道,古代士人价值的实现与其同君主间的距离密切相关。
从大的方面讲,“修身、齐家”的士人必须借助现实的政治权力才能“治国、平天下”;从小的方面讲,个人禄位、仕途风光等亦须尽可能接近君王才能获得。
湖北省2019届高三4月调研考试英语试卷【含答案及解析】

湖北省2019届高三4月调研考试英语试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________一、阅读理解1. Four Wild Animal Species Were EndangeredMaybe you can still see them at the zoo. But that doesn’t mean they’re doing alright in the wild.TigersAll six tiger species are endangered, with Sumatran tigers and South Chin tigers at a seriously endangered status. The main reasons for their population decline are illegal hunting and destroyed habitats( 栖息地 ), as humans clear forests to gather timber (木材) and build roadways. Only about 3890 tigers presently live in the wild.Ground squirrelsThat’s right, even squirrels are endangered, specifically the San Joaquin ground squirrel. Native to California, USA, these guys have been disappearing since 1979 on account of the construction and human developments going through their habitat. Their total population is unknown , but it could be anywhere between 124000 and 413000.GiraffesThe International Union for the Conservation of Nature recently put giraffes at a vulnerable status, the level just before endangered. The giraffe population has declined 40 percent in the last 30 years, primarily due to loss of habitat and illegal hunting. Some giraffes are killed just for their tails, which are considered status symbols in Africa.Asian elephantsThe main threat to Asian elephants, one of the most intelligent animals, is their shrinking habitat. As the human population grows, people invade their land to build roads and railway tracks. Elephants in Myanmar are at an especially high risk for being captured and traded or used illegally in thetourist industry. Fewer than 50000 are left on the entire continent.1. What is the total population of tigers living in the wild?A. Around 3890.B. 50000.C. 124000.D. 413000.2. Which of the following is considered one of the most intelligent animals?A. Tigers.B. Giraffes.C. Ground squirrels.D. Asian elephants.3. What is the common threat to the four wild animals?A. Illegal hunting.B. Disturbed habitat.C. Developing tourism.D. Unnecessary construction.4. Which word can best describe the present situation for protecting wild animals?A. Satisfactory.B. Optimistic.C. Urgent.D. Stable.2. Toddler World Nursery was delighted to employ a trainee---twenty-two-old Jonathan Brown—as their first male nursery schoolteacher. He was also the only man who applied for the job, but, insists Margery Bowman, head teacher of Toddler World, by far the best applicant. “Both boys and girls will benefit from the experience of having a male role model in the nursery.” Says mother of two, Margery.Jonathan has always been interested in childcare. His own mother is a childminder and his father is a teacher. “I’ve always helped Mum withlo oking after all the children.” he says. “I’m used to changing nappies, feeding babies, reading stories and playing with Lego.”But Jonathan is a rare male in a female world. Only 2% of nursery teachers are men and this hasn’t changed for ten years. Roger Olsen of the National Nursery Trust said, “Men are often viewed with anxiety and suspicion( 怀疑)in a children’s environment. Or they are expected to do things the way women would do them. But men bring different things into childcare and this has to be rec oginsed.” Jonathan agrees. He is a qualified under-7s footballcoach, and plants to introduce football lessons to the nursery for boys and girls.What do Jonathan’s friends think of his choice of career?“Actually, most of them are pretty cool about it now.” he says, “though they do make jokes about nappies. And I’ve found that girls are actually quite impressed –so that’s good!”1. Why was Jonathan employed by Toddler World Nursery?A. He was the best among all the applicants.B. He was the only man who applied for the job.C. He would be able to teach kids to play football.D. He would do things the way women would do them.2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “childminder” (Para.2)?A. Instructor.B. Superior.C. Baby-sitter.D. Coach.3. What did Roger Olsen say about the job of childcare?A. It has been women-specific.B. It requires people’s understanding.C. It takes time to make some changes.D. It needs men teachers to bring something different.3. Finding your feet in a new town can be hard, especially if you’re covered in fur and don’t speak the language. But for pets new to Marlborough, help is at hand.Marlborough SPCA and the Railway Café, in Blenheim, have joined forces to help welcome pets and their people to the region with a fortnightly morning tea. They hope the morning teas will get tails and tongues wagging as well as giving advice on how to make the move smoother.Railway Café owner Leanne Harris came up with the innovative plan as a way to help welcome people to the area. Leanne moved to Marlborough from Auckland two years ago and said she initially struggled to find friends and feel part of the community. “Coming from Auckland I thought people would open their doors and that there would be neighbours calling round with cake. I expected people to come to me and, of course, it wasn’t like that. I did get lonely. “I hope to save newcomers having to wait as long as I did to feel part of it all. I would like to welcome them to the town.”Free platters of sandwiches, cakes and other goodies will be on offer, forthe people, while there will be special handmade yoghurt and banana treats for the dogs. The morning teas will take place in the covered area at the back of the popular café beside the railway station off Grove Rd.Leanne said she was happy to devote both her time and effort into giving back to the community and felt the venture was a great fit with the SPCA. “Volunteering is such an amazing thing to do and it changed things for m e completely, and I met some amazing people with similar interests.”SPCA Op Shop manager Karina Greenall, originally from the United Kingdom, said she also wanted to help. “I can give advice on how to resettle pets, the best parks to go to , where the best walks are and where the vet centers are in town.” There will be volunteering opportunities too for people where they can help out and hopefully make friends too.”1. How will Marlborough SPCA and the Railway Café help new pets?A. By offering morning teas.B. By giving advice to them.C. By communication with them.D. By providing accommodation to them.2. What was Leanne’s plan originally intended for?A. Saving animals.B. Helping newcomers.C. Making more friends.D. Expanding her business.3. What had Leanne expected when she first came to Marlborough?A. To be left alone.B. To struggle for a living.C. To be invited to dinner.D. To feel part of the community.4. What can be learnt about SPCA Op Shop manager Karina Greenall?A. She often misses the United Kingdom.B. She takes interest in the Railway Café.C. She is enthusiastic about resettling pets.D. She has organized the voluntary events.4. In 1917 Orville Wright predicted that "the aeroplane will help peace in many ways –in particular I think it will have a tendency to make war impossible.” Earlier in 1904, American journalist John Walker declared, “As a peace machine, the value of the aeroplane to the world will be beyond computation.” This wasn’t the fi rst grand promise of technology. In that same year Jules Verne announced, “The submarine( 潜艇 )may be the cause ofbringing battle to a stoppage.”Alfred Nobel, sincerely believe his dynamite( 火药 ) would be a war obstacle: “My dynamite will sooner lead to peace than a thousand world conventions( 公约).” Similarly, when Hiran Maxim, inventor of the machine gun, was asked in 1893, “Will this gun not make war more terrible?” he answered, “No, it will make war impossible.” Gugliemo Mareconi, inventor of the radi o, told theworld in 1912. “The coming of the wireless time will make war impossible, because it will make war ridiculous.” General James Harbord, chairman of the board of RCA in 1925, believed, “Radio will serve to make the concept ofPeace on Earth, Good Will Toward Men a reality.”David Nye, a historian of technology, adds to the list of inventions imagined as abolishing war forever and leading to universal peace the hot-air balloon, poison gas, land mines and laser guns.It is not that all these inventions are without benefits—even benefitstoward democracy. Rather, it’s the case that each new technology creates more problems than it solves. “Problems are the answers to solutions,” says Brian Arthur.Most of the new problems in the world are problems created by previous technology. These problems are nearly invisible to us. Every year 1.2 million people die in automobile accidents. The technological transportation systemkills more people than cancer. Global warming, environmental poisons, nuclear terrorism, and species loss, are only a few of the many other serious problems troubling people.If we embrace( 拥抱 ) technology we need to face its costs.1. What will new inventions do according to the first two paragraphs?A. They will increase wars.B. They will lead to peace.C. They will serve people.D. They will break conventions.2. What does the author list so many inventions?A. To show people’s creativity.B. To appreciate their benefits.C. To contradict the original ideas.D. To prove grand promises.3. What does the author hope to tell us about new technology through the text?A. It will experience many tests.B. It will bring about huge costs in the world.C. It provides answers to many problems.D. It presents more problems than it solves.二、七选五5. A lot of people wonder why so many Chinese children are maths geniuses and musical prodigies( 神童 ). Amy Chua explains why in her Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother. 1. Born in the United States to Chinese immigrant parents, Chua married a man who she met at Harvard University, and when their two daughters were born she was determined that they would be as successful as she was.Her system had strict rules. Her two daughters were expected to be number one in every subject. Playing with friends and TV was forbidden. Music was compulsory. 2. From a very early age her daughters Sophia and Lulu were outstanding pupils and musical prodigies. Chua chose maths and music for her daughters, but it seems that they could have excelled in anything. “There’s no musical talent in my family”, she says, “it’s just hard work.”Eventually Chua realized that she was pushing her daughters too hard. 3. After a series of violent arguments, Chua decided to give her daughters alittle more freedom, and Lulu immediately gave up violin lessons and took up tennis. Later Sophia was even allowed to go to a rap concert.Many people have been shocked by the book. Chua spent much of her daughters’ childhood shouting at them and criticizing every mistake they made. 4. Sophia said that she herself chose to accept the system, and after the book was published she wrote an article defending her mother. Lulu says that although she no longer wants to be a violinist, she still loves playing the violin. 5. Sophia is now studying law at Harvard, and Lulu is doing well at high school and winning tennis trophies.A. “They are a mystery to me.” Chua says.B. The system seemed at first to be working.C. In fact, she is glad her mother made her learn.D. However, the girls do not seem to be upset about their mother.E. At 13 Sophia played a piano solo at the Carnegie Hall in New York.F. It is a book which caused controversy among parents when it was published.G. Lulu had always rebelled the most, and when she was 13 she refused to co-operate at all.三、完形填空6. William Green, aged 82, was making his breakfast when he heard somebody in his garden. “I went out of back door and suddenly I saw his man running towards me. He ________ me out of the way and took my ________ from the garden shed (棚屋).” Mr. Green did not ________ , as he knew he would be no match in a fight with the man. The burglar tried to cycle away, but the_______ on the bike were flat so it was difficult to ride. “He kept ________ the bicycle,” said Mr. Green, “at least three or four times.” ________ the man had fled, Mr. Green called the police.When they arrived, officers asked him to ________ the man, but instead he _________ to draw them a picture. “When Mr. Green started drawing,” s aid one of the police officers, “I knew who the ________ was.” In fact, Mr. Green had worked for more than 20 years in daily newspapers, doing caricatures ( 漫画) of Australian footballers. “I had no _______ in remembering the man’s face because he was so_______ to me.” he said.Police searched in the neighborhood with the sketch( 素描 ) of the burglar and found him ________ half an hour. The cartoon was a perfect _______ of the burglar. The 34-year-old man was to be _______ with theft, burglary and assault( 袭击 ). And the _______ bike was later found in a road nearby.Police believed that this was the first time they have ________ caught a suspect with a _________ sketch. A senior police officer said that in the past some ________ had used their mobile phones to take ________ at crime scenes, but they had not been as ________ .1. A. warned B. pushed C. led D. caught2. A. mobile phone B. wallet C. picture D. bicycle3. A. resist B. refuse C. withdraw D. obey4. A. wires B. wheels C. tyres D. parts5. A. falling off B. moving away C. dropping on D. putting aside6. A. Since B. Before C. After D. While7. A. identify B. name C. draw D. describe8. A. offered B. promised C. stopped D. continued9. A. owner B. burglar C. rider D. footballer10. A. reason B. point C. difficulty D. interest11. A. dangerous B. friendly C. close D. strange12. A. among B. within C. beyond D. over13. A. partner B. likeness C. pair D. model14. A. charged B. met C. punished D. supplied15. A. missing B. broken C. new D. flat16. A. even B. never C. ever D. still17. A. beautiful B. professional C. pencil D. cartoon18. A. criminals B. officers C. painters D. victims19. A. actions B. photographs C. messages D. emails20. A. exact B. smooth C. skillful D. effective四、短文填空7. The Simple Technique That Could Save Cyclists' LivesIt's called the Dutch Reach, and if a Massachusetts doctor has his way, it could prevent road riders 1. ever getting doored again.Last year, some 45,000 bicyclists were injured on the road, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation. And ten percent of those 2. (injury)werethe direct result of the rider getting doored: a supremely terrifying, 3. (pain)collision where a driver opens his door immediately in front of acyclist.Michael Charney, a 70-year-old 4. (retire) doctor from Cambridge, Massachusetts, is spearheading a grassroots campaign to end dooring forever. The campaign promotes the Dutch Reach—a technique where a driver reaches over with his right hand to open the car door, 5. (force) him to turn his body,look over his shoulder—and 6. (hopeful) see any oncoming cyclists.The name 7. (inspire)by the bike-friendly Netherlands, where drivers are required in their driving exams to open car doors with their right hands. Charney hopes this potentially life-saving technique will be adopted in theU.S. It’s already picking up some de facto ( 实际存在的)steam; there’s nowa sign at an intersection in Cambridge 8. a cyclist was killed last year by a car door that reads, “Safer to open car door with far hand.”“It’s simple, it’s obvious, 9. it costs nothing” Charney told The Boston Globe. “People just have to switch from one thoughtless habit to another thoughtless habit –but the 10. (two) one is safer.”五、短文改错8. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
湖北省宜昌市2019届高三四月调研考试语文试题 含解析

宜昌市2019届高三年级四月调研考试试题语文考试时间:2019年4月16日09:00-11:30本试卷共10页,22题。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面的文字,完成各题。
漆器源自中国。
早在史前时代,我们的先民已经发现漆的神奇,并开始大量在生活器物中应用。
中华先民曾在不断试错中发现漆的胶粘、防腐等功能。
自禹起,在祭器上用漆作为髹饰,并进行彩绘,漆的功用开始超越了材料属性,进入到审美创造的文化之旅。
漆艺术作为中国最具代表性的文化元素之一,承载着中华民族深刻的精神追求。
但是,随着工业化时代的到来,它因材料的特殊性和制作的周期性,在人们的生活中开始式微甚至缺位;而化学材料聚酯漆的广泛使用,似乎替代了人们对天然漆的认知,以致概念混淆到“漆”好像就是指“聚酯漆”,人们对天然大漆的认识甚至需要重新启蒙。
可以说,传承漆工艺、重续漆文化已经成为当下重要的文化命题。
传统漆工艺,是现代漆艺术的源头和基础。
自2006年,全国各级文化部门通过非遗项目申报、非遗传承人培训等,全方位对大漆传统工艺进行保护与推广,形成了多种传承与传播的方式,如非遗传承人“师带徒”,非遗传承人走进高校开展技艺教学,非遗传承人进高校学习、进修等,这些都增强了传统手艺人对个人身份的认同感和对行业、对技艺传承的信心。
如清华大学美术学院在持续开展j}遗传承人研培的基础上,设立了非遗保护基金,主办了展览等系列活动,与各国、各地不同技法的传承人进行交流与合作,从漆树种植与材料应用、行业发展与工艺振兴、漆艺教学与非遗传承等多方面进行探讨,形成了一种良性的传统漆工艺生产、创作、交流的学术生态。
20世纪90年代以来,许多富有创新精神的艺术家,他们以各自的文化视角和技法实践对传统漆艺术进行了可贵的探索。
我们从近年来的展览中可以发现不少成功实践。
如湖北举办的“时序-2016湖北国际漆艺三年展”,福建举办的“新时代新漆境-2018福州国际漆艺双年展”等。
武汉市2019届四月调考文科数学试题分析

武汉市2019届高中毕业生四月调研测试文 科 数 学 试 题 分 析一、选择题:共60分.1. 已知集合{}lg 1A x x =<,{}0,1,2B =,则AB =A . {}1,2B. {}0,1,2C. {}1D. {}0答案:A考点:集合的运算 难度系数:0.73解析:lg 1x <解得010x <<2. 若复数121iz i i-=++,则z = A. i B. 12i +C. 22i +D. 12i -+答案:B考点:复数的运算 难度系数:0.71解析:()()()211111i i i i i i --==-++-,12z i =+3. 若角α满足sin 51cos αα=-,则1cos sin αα+=A.15B. 52C. 155或D. 5答案:D考点:三角恒等变换 难度系数:0.53 解析:()()()1cos 1cos 1cos sin 5sin sin 1cos 1cos αααααααα+-+===--4. 某学校为了了解本校学生的上学方式,在全校范围内随机抽查部分学生,了解到上学方式主要有:A----结伴步行,B----自行乘车,C----家人接送,D----其他方式,并将收集的数据整理绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图。
请根据图中信息,求本次抽查的学生中A 类人数是A.30B. 40C. 42D. 48答案:A考点:统计图 难度系数:0.98解析:样本容量 30÷25%=120A 类人数:120—42—30—18=305. 如图,在棱长为1的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,M 为CD 中 点,则四面体1A BC M -的体积1A BC M V -= A. 12B.14C.16 D. 112 答案:C考点:空间几何体的体积 难度系数:0.88解析:111111113326A BC M C ABM ABM V V S CC --==⋅=⨯⨯=6. 已知实数y x ,满足约束条件⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤-+≤--≥+-01201042y x y x y x ,则目标函数x y z -=的最小值为A.12 B. 1 C. 2 D. 1- 答案:D考点:线性规划 难度系数:0.95解析:最优解为10x y --=上所有点,满足1=-=x y z 7. 已知0>a 且1≠a ,函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<-+≥=1,21,)(x a ax x a x f x 在R 上单调递增,那么实数a 的取值范围是A. ),1(+∞B. )1,0(C. )2,1(D. ]2,1(答案:D考点:函数的单调性 难度系数:0.58解析:x y a =单调增,则1a >;2y ax a =+-单调增,则0a > 又()f x 在R 单调增,则22a a -≤ ∴12a <≤8. 在△ABC 中,角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,,a b c 且2b ac =,sin sin sin sin 1cos2A B B C B +=-, 则角A =A.4πB.3π C.6π D.512π 答案:B考点:解三角形 难度系数:0.65解析:sin sin sin sin 1cos2A B B C B +=-,()221cos2112sin 2sin B B B -=--= 2sin sin sin sin 2sin A B B C B += ∴sin sin 2sin A C B += 2a c b +=又2b ac =∴a b c == 3A π=9. 过点(4,2)P 作一直线AB 与双曲线C :1222=-y x 相交于B A ,两点,若P 为AB 的中点,则=ABA.B. C.D.答案:D考点:双曲线与直线相交的问题 难度系数:0.47解析:设A 点坐标为()11,x y ,B 点坐标为()22,x y则221112x y -=,222212x y -=两式相减,()2222121202x x y y ---=221212122212121212y y y y y y x x x x x x -+-==-+-代入1242x x +=,1222y y += ∴12121y y x x -=- 直线AB 方程为()214y x -=⋅-,联立22212y x x y =-⎧⎪⎨-=⎪⎩,消去y ,得28100x x -+= 12128,10x x x x +==12x x -==12AB x -10. 某大学党支部中有2名女教师和4名男教师,现从中任选3名教师去参加精准扶贫工作,至少有1名女教师要参加这项工作的选择方法种数为A. 10B. 12C. 16D. 20 答案:C考点:概率统计 难度系数:0.86解析:若恰有1名女教师参加这项工作,共有12种选择方法 若恰有2名女教师参加这项工作,共有4种选择方法 12+4=16 11. 已知向量,a b 满足4a =,b 在a 上投影为2-,则3a b -的最小值为A. 12B. 10C.D. 2答案:B考点:向量数量积的综合运用 难度系数:0.46解析:设,a b 的夹角为θ,b 在a 上投影为cos 2a b b aθ⋅==-∴24,,8cos a b a b θ-==⋅=-()222222336969a b a ba ab b a a b b-=-=-⋅+=-⋅+22436166(8)964100cos cos θθ=-⨯-+=+≥∴ 310a b -≥12. 设曲线432:3294C y x x x =--+,在曲线C 上一点()1,4M -处的切线记为l ,则切线l 与曲线C 的公共点个数为A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4答案:C考点:导数的运用 难度系数:0.43解析:记()4323294f x x x x =--+,()32'12618f x x x x =-- ()'112f =-切线l 方程为:()4121y x +=--,即128y x =-+ 令()()()432128329124g x f x x x x x x =--+=--+- 显然()10g =()()()()()()22213441322g x x x x x x x =-+-=--+()g x共有3个零点, 即l 与曲线C 共3个公共点二、填空题:共20分. 13. 函数1()ln1x f x x +=-的值域为 . 答案:()(),00,-∞+∞考点:函数的值域 难度系数:0.17 解析:令101x x +>-,定义域()(),11,x ∈-∞-+∞当()(),11,x ∈-∞-+∞()()1210,11,11x x x +=+∈+∞-- ()()1()ln,00,1x f x x +=∈-∞+∞-14. 已知函数()2sin 222y x ππϕϕ⎛⎫=+-<< ⎪⎝⎭的图象关于直线6x π=对称,则ϕ的值为______答案:6π考点:三角函数图象与性质 难度系数:0.56 解析:令22x k πϕπ+=+,6x π=得6k πϕπ=+取0,6k πϕ==得15. 将一个表面积为100π的木质球削成一个体积最大的圆柱,则该圆柱的高为 .考点:立体几何中的最值问题 难度系数:0.12解析:设球的半径为R ,24100R ππ=,得5R =设该木质球内体积最大的圆柱底面半径为r ,球心到圆柱上下底面的距离均为d 则圆柱高2h d =, 22=2V r h r d ππ=注意到222R d r =+,2225r d =-()22=2225V r d d d ππ=-令()()225x x x ϕ=-,()0,5x ∈()2'253x x ϕ=-,令()'0x ϕ=,得x =()x ϕ⎛⎝⎭在增,⎫+∞⎪⎪⎝⎭减∴当2d h d ===时,圆柱的体积最大16. 已知点()0,2M ,过抛物线24y x =的焦点F 的直线AB 交抛物线于A ,B 两点,若2AMF π∠=,则点B 坐标为_________答案:1,14⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭考点:抛物线 难度系数:0.16解析:由()1,0F ,()0,2M ,2AMF π∠=得直线AM 方程为:122y x =+ 与抛物线方程24y x =联立得 21242x x ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭∴4x = ,1242y x =+= A 点坐标为()4,4 直线AF 方程为:()413y x =- 联立()24134y x y x⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=⎩,解得B 点坐标1,14⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭三、解答题:共70分。
【市级联考】湖北省武汉市2019届高三4月调研测试英语试题(解析版)

武汉市2019届高中毕业生四月调研测试英语试题武汉市教育科学研究院命制本试题卷共12页,72题。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有1。
秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £9. 15.B. 9. 1g.C. 9. 15答案是C o1. Who is a teacher ?A. The woman ' s brother.B. The woman ' s sister.C. The woma n herself.2. Where will the two speakers meet?A. In the park.B. In a restaurant.C. In a sandwich bar.3. What does the man think of the desk?A. It ' s wonderful.B. It ' sC.cIotlorf'ul.s expensive.4. What is the woman probably doing?A. Driving a car.B. Riding a bike.C. Running in a street.5. Who is the man?A. A receptionist.B. A guest.C. A porter.第二节(共15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分,满分22.5 分)A、B、C三个选项中5 秒钟;听完后,听下面5 段对话或独白。
精品解析:【省级联考】湖北省2019届高三4月份调研考试理综物理试题(解析版)

湖北省2019届高三4月份调研考试理综物理试题注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号和座位号。
用2B型铅笔把答题卡上试室号、座位号对应的信息点涂黑。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B型铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡整洁。
考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
二、选择题1.2018年11月29日,国家重大科研装备研制项目“超分辨光刻装备研制”通过验收,该光刻机光刻分辨力达到22nm。
关于光的认识,下列说法正确的是()A. 光子除了具有能量之外还具有动量B. 波长越长的光,光子动量越大C. 光电效应显示了光的波动性D. 爱因斯坦测量了光电效应中几个重要的物理量,由此算出了普朗克常量h【答案】A【解析】【详解】光子除了具有能量之外还具有动量,选项A正确;根据可知,波长越长的光,光子动量越小,选项B错误;光电效应显示了光的粒子性,选项C错误;密立根测量了光电效应中几个重要的物理量,由此算出了普朗克常量h,选项D错误.2.如图所示,半径为R的圆环与一个轴向对称的发散磁场处处垂直,环上各点的磁感应强度B大小相等,方向均与环面轴线方向成θ角。
若给圆环通恒定电流Ⅰ,则圆环所受安培力的大小为()A. 0B. 2πRBIC. 2πRBI cosθD. 2πRBI sinθ【答案】D【解析】【详解】把磁感应强度分解为水平分量与竖直分量,竖直方向的磁场对环形电流的安培力为零,导线的有效长度等于环的周长,水平磁场对电流的安培力F=B水平I•2πR=2πBIR sinθ,故ABC错误,D正确;3.如图所示,水平面上有以内壁间距为l的箱子,箱子中间静止着一小物块(可视为指点),现给箱子一水平向左的初速度v0。
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年高三四月调考历史试题及试题解析2019一、选择题战国时期,魏惠王大挖鸿沟,把黄河、淮河连为一体,打通了魏国内外水路航线,使得24.魏都大梁城成为“诸侯四起,条达辐辏”之地。
“(秦王政)二十二年,王贲攻魏,引河沟灌大梁,大梁城坏,其王请降,尽取其地。
”材料表明A.鸿沟促进关中平原发展B.大梁城以经济功能为主C.水利推动区域长途贸易D.水利兴修带有军事色彩【答案】D【分析】本题考查春秋战国的水利兴修,要求学生获取与解读材料信息,调动与运动所学知识进行推理。
从材料中的“使得魏都大梁城成为‘诸侯四起,条达辐辏'之地”、“王贲攻魏,引河沟灌大梁”,结合春秋战国时期诸侯纷争、战乱不断的时代特点,可以推知这一时期的水利兴修带有军事色彩,故本题选择D项.鸿沟的挖掘促进了大梁等地(今河南开封一带)的经济发展,A 项时空不对。
B项无法概括“(秦王政)二十二年,王贲攻魏,引河沟灌大梁“这一历史事件;结合春秋战国“分裂”、“战乱”的时代背景分析,区域间长途贸易的发展应该是受到阻碍,故C 项与时代特征不符。
25.汉武帝时期以“孝”名科,为儒生以“经明行修”入仕开启了大门;光武帝时为察举制度增加了“务授试以职”的规定,即州郡长官对于将要加以察举的茂才、孝廉,应先委以一定官职,合格者方能举至中央。
这一变化A.反映了官吏选拔程序更加规范B.导致了选官标准的根本变化C.消除了世家大族对官场的控制D.有利于提高官员的行政效率【答案】A【分析】本题考查汉朝的选官制度——察举制。
要求学生能够运用这些知识储备,对文物、史料做出正确的判断,体现对学科素养中历史解释的考查。
从材料中可知:汉武帝创立察举制,依据品行以官举士;东汉光武帝增加了“务授试以职”的规定,即州郡长官对于将要加以察举的茂才、孝廉,应先委以一定官职,合格者方能举至中央,即对举荐的人才进行实践考察才委任官职,反映了官吏选拔程序更加规范,故选择A项。
两汉时期实行以儒学为选拨标准的察举制,故B项表述错误:C项是科举制的积极作用,故排除:光武帝增加的“务授试以职”主要对推荐的人才进行核查,与行政效率无关,故排除D项。
26.唐高宗曾命人对《永徽律》律文进行逐条解释,撰成《唐律疏议》,提出“德礼为政教之本,刑法为政教之用,犹昏晓阳秋相须而成者也”。
可见,《唐律疏议》强调A.天人感应B.法律与道德教化相结合C.三教合一D.天理与伦理道德相联系【答案】B【分析】本题考查唐朝的法律制度与社会治理。
要求学生对材料提供的有效信息进行合理的解读和推理,体现对学科素养中历史解释的考查。
根据材料《唐律疏议》中“德礼为政教之本,刑法为政教之用,犹昏晓阳秋相须而成者也”,调动和运用所学知识可以,古代中国以礼入法、礼法结合,故选择B项。
材料中确有涉及天人感应,但“犹昏晓阳秋相须而成者也”用来强调德法治国的必要性,故排除B项。
三教合一、天理与伦理多见于宋明理学的内容,故排除C,D项。
27.《姑苏志》中说:“民居所聚谓之村,商贾所聚谓之镇。
”图1显示了明清时期太湖地区1市镇数量增加情况,对此解读正确的是万历年间中国市镇开始兴起A. B.乾嘉年间资本主义萌芽出现 C.同光年间市镇发展得益于世界市场 D.明清时期中国市镇模式与西方相同C【答案】的视角入手对明清商品经济的繁荣进本题是从“明清时期太湖地区市镇经济”【分析】中国市镇在万历1可知,行考查,涉及到学科素养中时空观念、史料实证和历史解释。
读图项错误。
材料中没有涉及到“机户出资,机工出力”的雇佣关系,故之前就已经出现,故A)两位皇帝在位—1908)、光绪(1875B在题干中没有体现。
同光年间即同治(1865—1875中国被卷入资本主义世界市场,自随着西方资本主义的经济入侵,期间,即鸦片战争以后,项正确。
由于中西方历史与社会的差异,近代以C然经济逐步瓦解,商品经济得到发展,故项。
来东西方市镇经济的发展模式不同,故排除D革命派总体肯定洋务运动是中国现代化的起维新派、关于19世纪中期开始的洋务运动,28.50年代中期至世纪40点,同时指责其坚守“中体西用”,让中国丧失政治变革的良机;20将曾国藩说中国马克思主义学者对洋务运动的评价由早期的两点论转为全盘否定,年代末, 80;年代,认为洋务运动推动中国近代化的观点成为学界主流。
据此可知成“汉奸刽子手” A.历史事件评价永远难有定论 B.多数史学家的意见更能反映历史的真相 C.时代愈近历史的评价愈客观 D.时代发展和史家认识影响历史事件评价D【答案】即考查考生理解历史考查考生的历史素养,【分析】本题以对洋务运动的评价为切口,人们可以通过史料实证和真实的,事实、历史叙述与历史评价的关系。
历史事实是客观的、多数史学项是表述错误,故A历史解释的方法无限的接近历史事实,客观的评价历史事件。
但项错误。
历史评价受时代发展和史学家认知的影响,家的观点不一定代表历史真相,故B 项是正确选项。
项,不一定时代愈近,评价愈客观,故排除CD)张香涛(张之洞字香涛)开shui29.1895年,康有为曾记载道:入江宁居二十余日,说(强学会。
……香涛不信孔子改制,频劝勿信此学,必供养。
……吾告以“孔子改制大道也,岂为一两江总督供养易之哉?”这反映出教条主义使改革潜伏失败危机A.新旧势力之间的矛盾不可调和 B. 维新变法思想得到了广泛传播维新派主导社会改革急于求成C. D.2B 【答案】考查学生对维新变法运动本题从康有为记载与张之洞会面时的思想碰撞入手,【分析】从材料“孔子改制大并加以阐释的能力,的失败原因的认知。
要求学生掌握解读获取信息,以维新思想反映出康有为以知识分子才情涉入政治,道也,岂为一两江总督供养易之哉?”导致维新变法即不知变通的教条主义,而目空一切,将封疆大吏张之洞推向变法的对立面,张之洞等洋务派其实是地主阶级开明分调动运用所学知识,B项。
潜伏着失败的危机。
故选两项在材料中没有反映。
项。
C,D子,和维新派只是改革的侧重点不一样,故排除A月,毛泽东在《论联合政府》中阐述了新民主主义国家的政治体制同苏联的区年430.1945“几个阶级联合专政的共和国”等新别,提出了“新民主主义的共和国”“中华民主共和国”的概念以区别“苏联式的无产阶级专政的、社会主义的共和国”。
这些概念的提出 A.体现了中共对中国国情的正确分析 B.标志着新民主主义理论产生 C.反映出中共认识到苏联模式的弊端 D.形成了中国特色的民主政治A【答案】入手,考查学生对新民主主义这一历史概念的本题从毛泽东的《论联合政府》【分析】对历史概念进行辨析。
依据材认识。
要求学生解读与获取材料信息,调动与运用相关知识,“中华以及“新民主主义的共和国”料“阐述了新民主主义国家的政治体制同苏联的区别”,“苏联式的无产阶级专政的、等新的概念以区别民主共和国”“几个阶级联合专政的共和国”社会主义的共和国”。
可推知A项正确。
调动运用所学知识,1940年毛泽东发表《新民主主义论》,标志新民主主义理论的形成,故B项不对。
材料中只能反映出毛泽东对中苏国情不同的认知,无法得出C项。
而中国特色的民主政治的形成是以建国以后中国人民政治协商制度、人民代表大会制度、民族区域自治制度等三个制度形成为标志,故D项错误。
31.1986年,可口可乐公司提出在中国独资兴建浓缩汁厂,但当时的中国尚不允许外商独资。
中方代表提出,先由可口可乐公司兴建一个浓缩汁厂和一个汽水厂,再由美方把汽水厂送给中方;然后,这两个厂组成一个联合董事会。
这就是第一个中美合作企业。
这一事件说明A.城市经济体制改革全面展开B.开始突破计划经济束缚C.对外开放推动经济体制改革D.初步确立市场经济体制【答案】C【分析】本题以1986年可口可乐公司在中国投资建厂为切入点,考查现代中国经济体制改革的相关知识。
涉及时空观念、史料实证与历史解释等核心素养。
根据材料“1986年,可口可乐公司提出在中国独资兴建浓缩汁厂,但当时的中国尚不允许外商独资。
”到“这两个厂组成一个联合董事会。
这就是第一个中美合作企业”。
反映出对外开放推动了中国的经济体制改革,故选择D项。
依据所学知识,1984年中国城市经济体制改革全面展开,故A项不正确。
1978年十一届三中全会以后,中国经济体制改革就已经拉开,即开始突破计划经济的束缚,故B项不对。
21世纪初,社会主义市场经济体制在中国初步建立,故排除D项。
32.意大利法学家维柯把罗马法看成“诗”“歌”,即法律是用一些暗含事实真相、具有公文程式般的面具来表达。
“这些公文程式,由于有些什么字和用多少字都有严格的规定,不能加、不能减、不能改,它们把这种公文程式叫做诗或歌。
”据此可知,罗马法3A.具有人文主义特征B.追求法律严谨公正C.蕴含着自然法理念D.体现罗马公民意志【答案】B【分析】本题考查罗马法。
本题要求学生提取材料中的有效信息,对历史事实进行解释。
根据材料:法律是用一些暗含事实真相、具有公文程式般的面具来表达。
“这些公文程式,由于有些什么字和用多少字都有严格的规定,不能加、不能减、不能改,它们把这种公文程式叫做诗或歌。
”可知,罗马法措辞严谨、案例典型,调动和运动所学知识,罗马法体现的的法律的公正平等价值对今天世界立法与司法仍产生深远影响,也是罗马人对人类文明的突出贡献。
故选择B项。
罗马法在严谨、客观是保证法律的公正性,故A项不符合题意。
自然法不是一种具体的法律,而是一种人类自然平等的思想,材料的立意不在于蕴含,而在于规范,故C项不符合题意。
罗马法维护古罗马奴隶制度的,故排除D项。
【答案】A【分析】本题立足时空观念和历史解释,以流行词汇作为切入点,考查15世纪末16世纪初至19世纪末20世纪初近代资本主义发展的阶段特征。
根据材料并结合所学知识,15、16世纪西方是新航路的开辟、文艺复兴、宗教改革;17、18世纪是资产阶级革命、启蒙运动、殖民扩张、黑奴贸易;19世纪中期第一关键词应该是工业革命,以及由此带来的工业化与城市化加快,阶级对立和社会主义运动的兴起、自由主义与进化论提出、世界市场的基本形成;19世纪末20世纪初第二次工业革命、垄断组织的形成、瓜分狂潮、整体世界的形成。
故本题选择A项。
B、C、D中的关键词存在时间错位。
34.1976—1980年间,苏联的谷物年均产量较1961—1965年增加57%,工业总产值平均年增长率为4.4%;1981年,苏联的小麦、甜菜、土豆、牛奶等产量已居世界第一位。
这一时期,苏联的改革A.从根本上突破了斯大林模式B.激活了集体农庄C.一定程度上调动了生产者积极性D.调整了所有制结构【答案】C【分析】本题考查战后苏联的社会主义建设和改革,要求学生熟练掌握苏联社会主义建设进程中的阶段特征,运用相关知识,对提供的数据变化给出正确解释。
题中涉及苏俄(联)在1976—1980年年间经济的发展情况,这一时期工农业是有所发展的,根据所学知识,这一时期是勃列日涅夫改革时期,他改革的重点在工业,“在坚持集中计划管理的前提下,扩大国营企业的经营自主权;运用经济手段,刺激企业经营管理“,他的改革加入市场因素,调动了生产者的积极性,一定程度上推动的经济的发展,故选择C项。