英国部分复习题

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英国文学期末复习题目

I. Each of the following below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bet complete the statement.1. The long poem ______ in Anglo-Saxon period was termed England’s national epic.A. The Canterbury TalesB. Paradise LostC. The Song of BeowulfD. The Fairy Queen2. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in ______.A. RomanticismB. RenaissanceC. medieval periodD. Anglo-Saxon period3. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of____.A. Piers PlowmanB. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. Confessio AmantisD. The Canterbury Tales4. _______ is regarded as the father of English poetry.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Edmund SpenserC. John MiltonD. W. Wordsworth5. It is _____ alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Martin LutherC. William ShakespeareD. John Gower6. One of Chaucer’s main contributions to English poetry is ______.A. he introduced the rhymed stanzas from France to English poetryB. he created striking brilliant panorama of his time and his countryC. he wrote in blank verseD. he was the first to write sonnet7. During the Renaissance, _______ was the first one to introduce the sonnet into English poetry.A. ChaucerB. John DonneC. Thomas WyattD. Earl of Surrey8. During the Renaissance, _______ wrote the first English blank verse.A. ChaucerB. Edmund SpencerC. Thomas WyattD. Earl of Surrey9. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement？A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman cultureB. The new discoveries in geography and astrologyC. The Glorious revolutionD. The religious reformation and the economic expansion10. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events. Which one of the following is NOT such an event?A. The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.B. England’s domestic restC. New discovery in geography and astrology.D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.11. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries.A. 14th...mid-17thB. 14th...mid-18thC. 16th...mid-18thD. 16th...mid-17th12. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is_______.A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism13. _______ frequently applied conceits in his poems.A. Edmund SpenserB. John DonneC. William BlakeD. Thomas Gray14. _______ is known as “the poet’s poet”.A. William ShakespeareB. Christopher MarloweC. Edmund SpenserD. John Donne15. Romance，which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of____ adventures or other heroic deeds，is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. ChristianB. knightlyC. pilgrimsD. primitive16. ________ and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanism.A. Edmund Spenser, Christopher MarloweB. Thomas More, Christopher MarloweC. John Donne, Edmund SpenserD. John Milton, Thomas More17. Among the following plays which is not written by Christopher Marlowe?A. Dr. FaustusB. The Jew of MaltaC. TamburlaineD. The School for Scandal18. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are _______.A. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and MacbethB. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Romeo and JulietC. Hamlet, Coriolanus, King Lear and MacbethD. Hamlet, Julius caesar, Othel lo and Macbeth19. The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” is the line of one of Shakespeare’s ________.A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnets20. “So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.” (Shakespeare, Sonnets 18) What does “this” refer to?A. LoverB. TimeC. SummerD. Poetry21. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18？A. The speaker eulogizes the power of NatureB. The speaker satirizes human vanityC. The speaker praises the power of artistic creationD. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation22. “Bassani Antonio，I am married to a wife Which is as dear to me as life itself；But life itself，my wife，and all the world，Are not with me esteem’d above thy life；I would lose all，ay，sacrifice them all，Here to the devil，to deliver you. Portia：Your wife would give you little thanks for that，ff she were by to hear you make the offer.” The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare’s comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrateA. dramatic ironyB. personificationC. allegoryD. symbolism23. “The Fairy Queen” is the masterpiece written by____.A. John MiltonB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. Edmund SpenserD. Alexander Pope24. Which of the following work did Bacon NOT write?A. Advancement of LearningB. Novum OrganumC. De AugmentisD. Areopagitica25. The greatest of pioneers of English drama in Renaissance is _______, one of whose drama is “Doctor Faustus”.A. William ShakespeareB. Christopher MarloweC. Oscar WildeD. R. Brinsley Sheridan26. “Euphues” was written by ________, the style of the novel was called “Euphuism”.A. John BunyanB. John LylyC. John DonneD. John Milton27. The most famous dramatist in the 18th century is ______, who is famous for “The School for Scandal”.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. Thomas GrayC. R. Brinsley SheridanD. G.eorge Bernard Shaw28. The most distinguished literary figure of the 17th century was ______, who was a critic, poet, and playwright.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. John DrydenC. John MiltonD. T. G. Coleridge29. The representative of the “Metaphysical” poetry is ______, whose poems are famous for his use of fantastic metaphors and extravagant hyperboles.A. John DonneB. John MiltonC. William BlakeD. Robert Burns30. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry?A. reason and sentimentB. conceits and witsC. the euphuismD. writing in the rhymed couplet31. _____ is the successful religious allegory in the English language.A. The Pilgrim’s ProgressB. The Canterbury TalesC. Paradise LostD. Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded32. The 18th century England is known as the ______ in the history.A. RenaissanceB. ClassicismC. EnlightenmentD. Romanticism33. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, who was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specially a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its s tructure and style?A. Thomas GrayB. Richard Brinsley SheridanC. Johathan SwiftD. Henry Fielding34. Henry Fielding has been regarded by some as “_______________”, for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.A. Best writer of the English novelB. The father of English novelC. The most gifted writer of the English novelD. conventional writer of English novel35. Among the pioneers of the 18th century novelists were Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry fielding and _______.A. Laurence SterneB. John DrydenC. Charles DickensD. Alexander Pope36. John Milton’s masterpiece—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of _____.A. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliterationD. sonnets37. Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out____，both in theory and practice，to write specifically a “ ______ in prose,” the first to giv e the modern novel its structure and style. (Refer to 19)A. tragic epicB. comic epicC. romanceD. lyric epic38. Besides Sheridan, another great playwright in the 18th century is ______.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. Thomas GrayC. T. G. SmolletD. Laurence Sterne39. She Stoops to Conquer was written by _____.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. R. Brinsley SheridanC. John DrydenD. George Bernard Shaw40. The middle of the 18th century was predominated by a newly rising literary form, that is the modern English ______, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.A. proseB. short storyC. novelD. tragicomedy41. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are _____.A. horses that are endowed with reasonB. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC. giants that are superior in wisdomD. hairy，wild，low and despicable creatures，who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways42. The unquenchable spirit of Robinson Crusoe struggling to maintain a substantial existence ona lonely island reflects ____.A. man’s desire to return to natureB. the author’s criticism of the colonizationC. the ideal of the rising bourgeoisieD. the aristocrats’ disillusionment of the harsh social reality43. Gothic novels are mostly stories of_____, which take place in some haunted or dilapidated Middle Age castles.A. love and marriageB. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrs44. “The father of English novel” is __________.A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. Jonathan SwiftD. John Donne45. The greatest Scottish poet in the pre-romanticism is ________.A. William WordsworthB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Thomas GrayD. Robert Burns46. _______ is written by William Blake, a great poet in the pre-romanticism.A. The Songs of InnocenceB. Reliques of Ancient English poetryC. Songs and SonnetsD. Kubla Khan47. The Rights of Man, a pamphlet, was written by ______, in which he advocated that politics was the business of the whole mass of common people and not only of a government oligarchy.A. John MiltonB. Jonathan SwiftC. Robert BurnsD. Thomas Paine48. William Wordsworth，a romantic poet，advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech49. Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn”？A. “I fall upon the tho rns of life！I bleed！”B. “They are both gone up to the church to pray.”C. “Earth has not anything to show more fair.”D. “Beauty is truth，truth beauty.”50. “If Winter comes，can Spring be far behind.” is an epigrammatic line by___.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. P. B. Shelley51. “Ode on a Grecian Urn” shows the contrast between the______ of art and the____ of human passion.A. glory，uglinessB. permanence, transienceC. transience，sordidnessD. glory，permanence52. One of the great essay writers of the early 19th century is ______.A. Jane AustenB. Charles LambC. Walter ScottD. George Eliot53. Tales form Shakespeare was written by _____.A. Charles LambB. William HazlittC. Charles Lamb and Mary LambD. Wordsworth and Coleridge54. Charles Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of _______ and pathos.A. humorB. satireC. passionD. metaphor55. In Chapter III of Oliver Twist, Oliver is punished for that “impious and profane offence of asking for more”. What did Oliver ask for more?A. More time to playB. More food to eatC. More books to readD. More money to spend56. In ____ ’s hands, “dramatic monologue” reaches its maturity and perfection.A. Alfred TennysonB. Robert BrowningC. William ShakespeareD. George Eliot57. The success of Jane Eyre is not only because of its sharp criticism of the existing society, but also due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess58. The three trilogies of _____ ’s Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century.A. John GalswortryB. Arnold BennettC. James JoyceD. H. G. Wells59. The Victorian Age was largely an age of________ eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. prose60. The title of Alfred Tennyson’s poem “Ulysses” reminds the reader of the following EXCEPT_________.A. the Trojan WarB. Homer’s OdysseyC. adventures over the seaD. religious quest61. The work ____ written by Alfred Tennyson was about the question of higher education of women.A. Crossing the BarB. The PrincessC. Break, Break, BreakD. Ulysses62. The bard of imperialism was ____, who glorified the colonial expansion of Great Britain in his works.A. R. L. StevensonB. Rudyard KiplingC. H. G. WellsD. Daniel Defoe63. The Dynasts was a gigantic epic drama written by ______.A. George Bernard ShawB. Thomas HardyC. Oscar WildeD. John Galsworthy64. The major concern of____ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his character sand in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.A. D. H. Lawrence’sB. J. Galsworthy’sC. W. Thackeray’sD. T. Hardy’s65. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of_______, who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. propertyB. justiceC. moralityD. humor66. _____is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare，and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A. Richard SheridanB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Oscar WildeD. George Bernard Shaw67. “Art for art’s sake” was put forth by ______.A. aestheticismB. naturalismC. realismD. neo-romanticism68. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT________.A. DublinersB. Jude the ObscureC. A portrait of the Artist as a Young ManD. UlyssesII. Fill in the blanks with correct information1. Angles, ___, and ___ were the Teutonic tribes came from the northern continent.3. The long poem _________ in Anglo-Saxon period was termed England’s national epic.4. Grendel, a monster half-human, appeared in the story of ______.6. The literature of the Anglo-Saxon Period falls into two kinds—___ and ___.7. The 3182-line The Song of Beowulf can be divided into two parts with a(n) _____ between the two and the whole song is essentially ___ in spirit and matter.8. The songs and poems in the Anglo-Saxon period were written in the style of ______ as could be seen from The Song of Beowulf.10. The greatest influence made by the Normans in England is on ___ and ____.11. The most popular literary form in the Anglo-Norman period was _____, in which the central character was _____.12. Sir Gawain and Green Knight employs the form of ____________.13. The story of Sir Gawain and Green Knight is the culmination of the ___________.15. Apart from original poems, Chaucer translated various works of French authors; among them is the famous _______________ and The House of Fame.16. The one who propose the story-telling in The Canterbury Tales is the _____________.17. Geoffrey Chaucer is considered the “________” and is one of the greatest narrative poets of England.18. “The father of English poetry” is ______.20. The pilgrims described in The Canterbury Tales met at _____ in Southwark, a suburb of London.22. Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is written in the style of ______ instead of alliteration in the Anglo-Saxon period.23. A ballad is written in _________stanzas with the second and fourth lines rhymes.24. Most of English ballads were collected in the 18th century and one of the famous ballads is ___.26. The Canterbury Tales opens with a _________ where are told of a group of vivid sketches ofa company of pilgrims that gathered at _________ in Southwark, a suburb of London.29. One of the striking features of Renaissance is the keen interest in the life and activities of human. So the arose _____— which was the keynote of the Renaissance.31. The story of Utopia was written by in two books, in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people’s sufferings in the first book and put forward his ideal future happy society—_____ in the second book.32. The one who first made blank verse the principal instrument of English drama is _________33. The greatest of the pioneers of English drama is _______.34. The difference of Earl of Surrey’s contribution to English poetry from that of Thomas Wyatt lies in that Surrey wrote the first English _________ while Thomas Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.35. English Renaissance period was an age of _________and _________.38. The title “poet’s poet” is given to Edmund Spencer.39. _________ wrote The Faerie Queene.41. The greatest epic poem of the 16th century was _____ written by ______.45. William Shakespeare is a poet, playwright and an actor.49. The Renaissance, which began in the _________century in Italy, was a great cultural and ideological movement that swept the whole of Europe. All in all, the chief characteristic of the Renaissance literature is the expression of secular values with men instead of God as the center of the universe.50. Francis Bacon was praised by Marx as “the progenitor of English Materialism”.51. William Shakespeare produced _________ plays, two _____, and 154 sonnets.52. Sonnet is a poem of 14 lines Iambic pentameter. It mainly has two types and the Shakespearean has three quatrains plus _________—often rhymed as _________.53 Shakespeare’s main tragedies were written during the second period of gloom and depression which dated from 1601 to 1608. His main tragedies are: “_________”, “_________”, “_________”, and “_________”. All of these plays show the struggle and conflicts between good and evil of the time, between justice and injustice.55. John Milton wrote his masterpieces _________, _________, and _________ after blindness.56. Paradise Lost presents the author’s views in the form of _____ and _____ and the poetic style of ____ and presents the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for _____.57. In Paradise Lost, _________ tempts Eve to eat an apple from the forbidden tree.60. _________ is a character in Paradise Lost with a strong desire for freedom.61. _________Poetry is characterized by fantastic metaphors and extravagant hyperboles.62. “Conceit” is a term applied in particular to the _________.65. The Pilgrims Progress is the masterpiece of _____, written in the old-fashioned, medieval form of ____ and ____, in which the main character is ____.66. The Revolution period produced one of the most important poets in English literature, whose name is _________and an important prose wrier, _________.68. In The Pilgrims Progress, Christian makes his way to the Holy city with two objects: ____ and ___.72. John Dryden, critic, poet, and playwright, was the most distinguished literary figure in the Restoration.73. The Enlightenment was a progressive _________ movement, which first began in France and had a wide impact throughout Europe in the 18th century.74. People in the 18th century believed in reason.76. Jonathan Swift wrote the famous story _________ and the famous pamphlet “A Modest Proposal” on Ireland in the style of satire.86. Daniel Defoe’s famous navel was ________.87. The main literary stream of the 18th century was _________.92. In the last adventure, Gulliver came to a country where horses were possessed of reason while Yahoos were brute beasts.88. _________was considered as the “father of English novel”.89. _________ found its representative writers in the field of poetry, such as Thomas Gray, but it manifested itself chiefly in the novels of Laurence Sterne and Oliver Goldsmith.90. The appearance and development of sentimentalism marked the midway in the transition from classicism to its opposite, _________.95. Among his other contributions to the theory and practice of prosody, _____ made popular the so-called heroic couplets.97. Thomas Gray wrote the famous poem _________, which was considered “the best known poem in the English language”.100. In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of Pre-romanticism were William Blake and _________.103. “The poet of the peasants” is a title given to the great est Scottish poet _________.105. Robert Burns is famous for his poetry written in _________ dialect.111. The watchwords of the French Revolution are _________, ______, and________.112. The English Romanticism began with the publication of The Lyrical Ballads which was written in collaboration by _________and _________.113. Romanticism extended from 1798 when _________was published and in 1832 when _________ died.116. “The Lake Poets” include Wordsworth, _________ , Southey.120. In the revised version of _________, Wordsworth held that poetry is the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”.10. William Makepeace Thackeray was another important writer in the 19th century, whose novels mainly contained a satirical portrayal of _______.14. In the novel _________, Dr. Manette is a typical bourgeois intellectual. He sympathizes with the poor and defends the oppressed people, but feels terrified before the fire of revolution.15. The two cities in A Tale of Two Cities written by _________ are London and Paris.18. The main female character in Vanity Fair written by ______ is Rebecca Sharp.19. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was borrowed by ____ from The Pilgrims Progress written by ____.20. The subtitle of Vanity Fair is _______.27. Both Jane Eyre by _____ and Wuthering Heights _____ brought to the novel an introspection and an intense concentration on the inner life of emotion.28. Wuthering Heights deals with a story of love and violence.38. Robert Browning’s style was highly individual and often more intent on meaning than on form.44. The end of the 19th century is a period of struggle between realistic trend and anti-realistic trend in art and literature (, the latter reflected the crisis of bourgeois culture at the period of imperialism).49. The important writer who started as a poet and ended as a poet is _________51. _________believes that man’s fate is predeterminedly tragic, driven by a combined force of “nature”, both inside and outside.52. The writer who figured his hometown—the Wessex country in his works is _____.55. “A Pure Woman(Faithfully Presented)” is the subtitle of the novel ______.III. Give answers to the following questions.1. How do you understand “To be, or not to be”? Give your evidence to support your ideas.2. Why did Hamlet delay in revenging for his father’s death? Give evidence to support your idea.3. What are Chaucer’s contributions to English literature?4. Analyze Shakespeare’s contributions to English literature.5. What is the theme o f “Paradise Lost”?6. What is the image of Satan in Paradise Lost?7. What are the characteristics of metaphysical poetry?8. Give an analysis of the significance of Preface to Lyrical Ballads?9. What does “She” (referring to Lucy) in “She Dwelt Among the Untroden Ways” imply?10. What does “West Wind” mean in Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind?11. Give an analysis of Keats and his works.12. What are Austen’s writing features Jane Austen?13. Why does William Makepeace Thackeray give one of his novels the title Vanity Fair and the subtitle “Novel without a Hero”? Why does William Makepeace Thackeray give one of his novels the title Vanity Fair and the subtitle “ Novel without a Hero”?14. What is your opinion on the character Rebecca Sharp?15. What does the subtitle “A Pure Woman” of the novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles mean?16. Give a brief analysis of the character—Tess.17. What are the major contributions made by the 19th century critical realists?18. What is Paul’s relation with three women in Sons and Lovers?。

英国文化复习题

英国文化复习题1)请大家结合所发材料及上课内容把这些习题所在的知识点掌握；不要去死记硬背，尤其不要把答案带到考场，被抓到舞弊，后果自己负责；2)简答题希望同学们自己去看材料并做出总结，不要背别人写好的，如果两位同学考试时答案完全一致，都不能得到该题分数。

写得不好无所谓，我最看重的是大家良好的学习态度；3)古希腊一章主要涉及的是哲学和戏剧这部分，这里我没有给复习题，希望大家自己再去看看所发材料；4)基督教这章我们不做要求；5)希望大家结合复习题，再认真阅读本学期《英国文化》所学知识，毕竟我们学习不是完全为了考试；I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false:1. Britain is no longer an imperial country. T2. The Commonwealth of Nations include all European countries. F3. 1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity. F4. The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied the majority of the British people. T5. Great Britain includes 3 constituent countries: England, Scotland, and Wales. F6. Northern Ireland is part of Great Britain. F7. When people outside UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. T8. The Scots and Welsh have a strong sense of being British. F9. Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. T10. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called "Gaelic". F11. Scotland was unified with England through peaceful means. T12. Wales is rich in coal deposits. T13. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. F14. The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according to tradition. F15. Ireland is part of Great Britain. F16. "Ulster", referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish kingdom. T17. The capital of Belfast is a large city with half a million people. F18. Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry. F19. The majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited the British Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago. T20. Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics. T21. The British government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland. F22. Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland. T23. It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world. F24. In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revolution, in contrast to France and the U.S. T25. The oldest institution of government according to the text is the Monarchy. T26. The divine right of kings means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. F27. While the King in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should exercise absolute power. F28. The term "parliament" was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns. F29. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T30. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitutions of the sort which most countries have. F31. Common laws are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts. T32. In the U.K., a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances. T33. The parliament can call an election sooner than five years. F34. Anyone who is eligible to vote with 500 pounds as deposit can stand as an MP. T35. Each main party is given some time on national TV to "sell" their policies. The time is not given free and has to be paid by the party. F36. The amount spent in national campaign is not limited other than that on TV. T37. The campaigns are not simply about telling people how good your policies are, but also about telling them how bad your opponents are. T38. Secrecy is not an important part of the voting process. F39. The counting of votes run over a period of a few days. F40. There are two major national parties in the U.K. according to the text. F41. Liberal Democratic Party is the newest of the major national parties. F42. By the 1880's the British economy was dominant in the world. T43. Both the U.S. and Canada overtook Britain in economy by 1900. F44. In World War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to develop its manufacturing industry and borrowed large amounts from the U.S. and France. F45. Another reason for British decline is the loss of its colonies, especially India, which gained its independence in 1947. T46. In the 1970's, with the souring price of oil and high rates of inflation, Britain went through a bad period. In 1979, the Labour Party had to step down from the government. T47. The leader of the Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher started a series of reforms. An extensive programme of privatization was carried out but she did not succeed in saving the British economy. F48. Tertiary industries include banking, insurance, tourism, agriculture and the selling of goods.F49. Britain has a large sector of agriculture producing 11.6% of its national wealth. F50. According to the text, the tertiary industry produces approximately 2/3 of the national wealth.T51. The service industry in the U.K. employs 70% of the total work force. T52. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and other basic skills but also to socialize children. T53. The state seldom interferes with the decision of when, where, how and what children aretaught. F54. The enduring feature of British education is the continuing debate over what should be taught in school and universities. F55. The 1944 Education Act made entry to secondary schools and universities "meritocratic".T56. The public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government.F57. British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government. T58. In Oxford and Cambridge the BA converts to an MA several years later, upon payment of a fee. TII. Choose the correct answer to each of the following.1.__________ is not considered a characteristic of London.(a) The cultural centre(b) The business centre(c) The financial centre(d) The sports centre2. ________________ is not true about the characteristics of Britain.(a) Economic differences between north and south(b) Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales(c) Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker(d) Cultural differences between immigrants and the British3. _______________ can not be found in London.(a) Teahouses(b) Galleries(c) Museums(d) Theatres4. Which of the following is not true about Britain?(a) It used to be an imperial country in the world.(b) It plays an active role as a member of European Union.(c) It is a relatively wealthy and developed country.(d) It used to be one of the superpowers in the world.5. Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception?(a) London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country.(b) London has a larger population than all other cities in England.(c) London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.(d) London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.6. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by___________.(a) King Harold(b) Robin Hood(c) Oliver Cromwell(d) William the Conqueror7.________ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.(a) The Anglo-Saxons(b) The Normans(c) The Vikings(d) The Romans8. __________ is the largest city in Scotland.(a) Cardiff(b) Edinburgh(c) Glasgow(d) Manchester9. Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the ninth century?(a) They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.(b) They felt it necessary to develop their own industry.(c) They were threatened by the Anglo-Saxons' invasion.(d) They had to do it in order to resist the English.10. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?(a) In the Highlands.(b) In the Lowlands.(c) In the Uplands.(d) In the west of Scotland.11. Which of the following statements is not true?(a) Wales was invaded by the Romans.(b) Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.(c) Wales was conquered by the Normans.(d) Wales was threatened by the English.12. Which of the following parties in Scotland still wants an independent Scotland?(a) The Labour Party.(b) The Liberal Party.(c) The Scottish Nationalist Party.(d) The Conservative Party.13. Scotland joined the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments ________.(a) In 1715(b) In 1688(c) In 1745(d) In 170714. Llywelgn ap Gruffudd is more than a simple historical figure for the Welsh. He is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism because___________.(a) he became the first Prince of Wales in 1267(b) he brought the English under his control(c) he led a historic uprising against the English(d) he unified Wales as an independent nation15. In the seventeenth century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because___________.(a) they wanted to increase its control over Ireland(b) they had too many people and didn't have enough space for them to live in(c) they intended to expand their investment(d) they believed that Ireland was the best place for them16. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street. They came first___________.(a) to maintain traffic order in Northern Ireland(b) to protect the Catholic people(c) to protect the Protestant people(d) to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social order17. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for___________.(a) its most famous landmark, the "Giant's Causeway"(b) its rich cultural life(c) its low living standards(d) its endless political problems18. Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and organised a partition of Ireland, because___________.(a) the British government wouldn't be able to control Ireland any longer by force(b) the British government intended to satisfy both sides─Catholics as well as Protestants(c) Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland(d) Protestants welcomed the idea of partition19. Which of the following statements is not true?(a) Sinn Fein is the legal political Party in Northern Ireland.(b) Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.(c) Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important political Party in Britain.(d) Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.20. In the early 1970s, the IRA___________.(a) killed many Protestants and Catholics(b) burned down the houses of Catholics(c) murdered individuals at random(d) carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target21. 1972 was the worst year of the political troubles in Northern Ireland, because___________.(a) 13 Catholics were shot dead by the police(b) 468 people were killed in Northern Ireland(c) the government carried out a policy known as "internment"(d) Bloody killing of 468 people fortified Catholic opposition to the British presence in Northern Ireland22. Why did the British government decide to replace the Power-Sharing policy with "direct-rule" from London?(a) The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.(b) The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province effectively.(c) The Power-Sharing policy couldn't be carried out.(d) All the above.23. Which of the following statements is not true?(a) In 1981, some convicted IRA prisoners went on a hunger-strike.(b) They demanded for the status of being "political prisoners" by starving themselves.(c) Margaret Thatcher's government gave in to their political demand.(d) The death of prisoners revitalized the political movement of Sinn Fein.24. How many counties do you know there are in Northern Ireland?(a) 26.(b) 6.(c) 32.(d) 20.25. Which of the following is not characteristic of British government?(a) It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.(b) It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.(c) It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.(d) It has no written form of Constitution.26. Which of the following king was executed in the civil war?(a) James I.(b) James II.(c) Charles I.(d) Charles II.27. What happened in 1215?(a) It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history.(b) Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta.(c) Henry IV granted the Commons the power to review money grants.(d) King Egbert united England under his rule.28. Which of the following is not true about the Great Council?(a) They included barons and representatives from counties and towns.(b) They were sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money.(c) They later developed into what we now know as the Cabinet.(d) They represented the aristocrats as well as the communities.29. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?(a) James II.(b) William of Orange.(c) Oliver Cromwell.(d) George I.30. Which of the following is not true about the Constitution?(a) It is a document which lists out the basic principles for government.(b) It is the foundation of British governance today.(c) Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.(d) The common laws are part of the Constitution.31. Which of the following about the Parliament is not true?(a) There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.(b) Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.(c) Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.(d) Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.32. Which of the following about the Queen is not true?(a) The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.(b) The Queen symbolises the tradition and unity of the British state.(c) The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.(d) The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.33. Which of the following about the House of Lords is not true?(a) Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.(b) It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.(c) The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.(d) Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.34. Which of the following about the House of Commons is not true?(a) Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.(b) MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.(c) MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.(d) Most MPs belong to the major political parties.35. Which group of people can not vote in the general election?(a) Members in the House of Commons.(b) Lords in the House of Lords.(c) The UK citizens above the age of 18.(d) The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.36. By whom is a "vote of no confidence" decided?(a) The House of Commons.(b) The House of Lords.(c) The two major parties.(d) The Prime Minister.37. Which of the following is not true about the electoral campaigns?(a) Big parties can buy time to broadcast their policies on the television.(b) There is a limit on the amount of money candidates can spend in their constituency campaign.(c) Candidates and their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them.(d) Candidates criticize each other's policies to show how good their own policies are.38. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election?(a) 651.(b) 326.(c) 626.(d) 351.39. Which of the following party adopts a "fatherly" sense of obligation to the poorer people in the society?(a) The Conservative party.(b) The Liberal Democrats.(c) The Party of Wales.(d) The Labour party.40. Which of the following description about the Conservative party is not true?(a) It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.(b) It prefers policies that protect individual's rights.(c) It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.(d) It is known as a party of high taxation levels.41. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?(a) The Conservative government.(b) The Liberal government.(c) The Labour government.(d) The radical government.42. Which period of time in British history was described as "private affluence and public squalor"?(a) The 1940s.(b) The 1970s.(c) The 1980s.(d) The 1990s.43. Which of the following about the "poll tax" is not true?(a) It was introduced by the Conservative government.(b) It was introduced by the Labour government.(c) It was an attempt to change local government taxes.(d) It was criticized by many citizens.44. Who is the leader of the Labour party at present?(a) John Major.(b) Tony Blair.(c) Harold Wilson.(d) Margaret Thatcher.45. Which of the following statements about the UK economy is not true?(a) Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.(b) Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.(c) There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.(d) Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.Answer:46. Which of the following was not the reason for the relative economic decline since 1945?(a) Britain did not invest in modern equipment and new products.(b) Britain spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.(c) Britain had been heavily in debt to finance the war.(d) Britain had carried out the nationalisation of the businesses.47. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK?(a) Beef cattle.(b) Dairy cattle.(c) Chicken.(d) Sheep.48. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?(a) In the southeast of England.(b) In the northeast of England.(c) In the southeast of Scotland.(d) In the northeast of Scotland.49. Which of the following is not a company in the energy sector?(a) Shell.(b) ICI.(c) RTZ.(d) British Gas.50. Which of the following used to be the last independent car company in the UK?(a) Ford.(b) Peugeot.(c) Rover.(d) BMW.51. In aerospace industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain?(a) The U.S. and Germany.(b) The U.S. and Russia.(c) Germany and Russia.(d) France and Russia.52. Which civil airline was started in 1924 after the First World War?(a) Imperial Airways.(b) British Airways.(c) Hawker-Siddeley Aviation.(d) The British Aircraft Corporation.53. What did Frank Whittle do in 1937?(a) He invented the first jet plane.(b) He developed the first jet engine.(c) He made the first powered flight.(d) He made the trans-Atlantic flight.54. Which company became an important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?(a) Boeing.(b) Rolls Royce.(c) McDonnel-Douglas.(d) Hawker-Siddeley Aviation.55. British Aerospace was the merger of which two companies?(a) The British Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley Aviation.(b) The British Aircraft Corporation and Rolls Royce.(c) Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and GEC Avionics.(d) Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and Rolls Royce.56. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to___________.(a) private schools(b) independent schools(c) state schools(d) public schools57. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16___________.(a) can legally receive partly free education(b) can legally receive completely free education(c) can not receive free education at all(d) can not receive free education if their parents are rich58. If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination called___________.(a) General Certificate of Education—Advanced(b) General Certificate of Secondary Education(c) the common entrance examination(d) General National V ocational Qualifications59. _____________ is a privately funded university in Britain.(a) The University of Cambridge(b) The University of Oxford(c) The University of Edinburgh(d) The University of Buckingham60. Which of the following is not true?(a) Parents send their children to public schools because they are rich.(b) Parents send their children to public schools because their children can get better jobs when they leave school.(c) Parents send their children to public schools because their children can have a better chance of getting into a good university.(d) Parents send their children to public schools because their children prefer to go to public schools.61. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Open University?(a) It's open to everybody.(b) It requires no formal educational qualifications.(c) No university degree is awarded.(d) University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, ect.62. In the examination called "the 11 plus", students with academic potential go to ___________.(a) grammar schools(b) comprehensive schools(c) public schools(d) technical schools63. Which of the following is not included in the National Curriculum?(a) Children must study the subjects like English, mathematics, science and so on.(b) Children must sit in A-level exams.(c) Children must pass national tests.(d) Teachers must teach what they are told.64. Which of the following is not true about the British education system?(a) It's run by the state.(b) It's funded by the state.(c) It's supervised by the state.(d) It's dominated by the state.65. _________________ would admit children without reference to their academic abilities.(a) Comprehensive schools(b) Secondary schools(c) Independent schools(d) Grammar schoolsⅢ.Topics for Discussion1. What was the British Empire? What do you know about it? In what way is the Empire still felt in Britain and in the international field?2. Why does the author say that it is not possible to sum up the British people with a few simple phrases?3. "British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture ?2. What are some general characteristics of Scotland? How did Scotland become part of the union of Great Britain?4. Describe characteristics of Wales and Wales' unification with Great Britain.5. Are there any differences between England, Scotland and Wales in terms of cultural tradition ?6. Why is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United Kingdom? What is the political problem there?7. What are some of the factors in Irish and English history that affect the situation in Northern Ireland today?8. Different parties and groups in the United Kingdom have different solutions to the political problem in Northern Ireland. Please sum up their different attitudes.9. Has the author offered a solution to the political problem in Northern Ireland?10. What are some of the characteristics of the British constitutional monarchy? How has the English monarchy evolved gradually to the present constitutional monarchy?11. How did the doctrine of the "divine right of kings", according to the author, lead to the English Civil War? What do you know about the causes of the English Revolution in the 17th century?12. What is the history of English parliament? What role did the parliament play in the Civil War?13. Discuss the major characteristics and the main content of the British constitution.14. Why does the author say that parliament is supreme in the British state? What functions does parliament have? What role does the Queen ( King ) and the Prime Minister play in British government?15. What kind of institution is the House of Lords? What role does it play in British government?16. Who can stand for election as an MP in the UK? Why are small parties and independent candidates powerless in the election campaign for the formation of a government?17. What are the three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities and dissimilarities between the three parties?18. What are some of the recent political trends in the UK? Are these trends more democratic or undemocratic? What is the author's opinion?19. The author says that John Major's conservatives remain unpopular in 1997. What reasons does the author give for this political situation?20. Please define "absolute decline and relative decline" in the UK economy. How does the authorexplain the reasons for the absolute decline and relative decline?21. What did the Conservative Party under Mrs. Margaret Thatcher promise to do to the UK national economy in 1979? The word "reform" in the national economy was also popular when Mrs. Margaret Thatcher formed the government and decided to change the UK economy. What was her radical reform program? Was the program successful according to the author?22. What are the three main areas in national economies? Describe the development of each of the three areas in the UK economy.23. The author believes that Britain, like most developed economics, has seen a relatively shrinking of the importance of secondary industry and a spectacular growth in tertiary or service industries. Why is it so? Do you see a similar growth in tertiary industries in China in the past 20 years? How is this growth related to the reform and opening up to the outside world?24. What are the purposes of the British education system? Please comment on these purposes. What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system? Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations?25. How does the British education system reflect social class?26. What are the major changes that have taken place since World War II? Is British education moving towards more progress or more equality? Pick up some examples from the text to illustrate your points.27. Why does the author say that universities in Britain have been rather elitist?28. What is the Open University in Britain? What do you think of this system?。

英国文学史部分题目答案

Think Critically & Air Your Views3. How were religion and traveling linked in the Middle Ages?I think religion and traveling were linked mostly by architecture and some paintings about religion. People visited different sites of religion. They helped each other forward.On Hamlet’s “To Be, Or Not To Be”2. Which lines in “To be, or not to be” suggest that Hamlet is contemplating suicide? Why does he not take such a drastic step?“To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks that flesh is heir to” These line s suggest that Hamlet is contemplating suicide.At last, he didn’t do it because he didn’t know what would happen after dying. He was afraid if he could be surviving after his death.On English Renaissance and Humanism1.What were the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?Emphasize Human liberation and freedom of thought. Pay more attention to human but not religious authority. Make sure that the value of man is also important.2.How is humanism reflected in Shakespeare’s works?In Hamlet, the hero hamlet is influenced by humanism. He has beautiful ideal and hope that all things can be perfect as he thought. But the society is dark. There is a large gap between real life and ideal life.On Bacon’s“Of Studies”1. What are the proper attitude and purpose Bacon advices readers to take toward their books?First, we should have a target. After we have a clear target, we can choose the way to read. Reading can enrich our spirit world. We cannot read book just for benefit.3. What rhetorical devices did Bacon use in this essay?Bacon used parallelism and metaphor in this essay. For example, “studies sever for delight, for o rnament, and for ability.” This sentence used parallelism. And “for natural abilities are like natural plants” used metaphor. He also used many other rhetorical devices.。

8-10149-英美概况复习题

8-10149-英美概况复习题2008 级机场应用英语英美概况复习题2010 年4 月一、英国历史部分1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.A. onceB. twiceC. three times2. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B3. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 10354. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end5. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant Uprising6. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _____ began.A. TudorB. LancasterC. Plantagenet7. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose.A. whiteB. redC. pinkD. yellow8. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poet9. In 1337 the hostility between England and _____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.A. FranceB. SpainC. Russia10. England first became a sea power in the time of _____.A. Henry VIIB. Elizabeth IC. Victoria11. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. Baldwin12. _____ b roke out two years after the Hundred Years’ Warwith France.A. The Bore WarB. The Wars of the RosesC. Queen Annes’ War13. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.A. ShakespeareB. MiltonC. ChaucerD. Bacon14. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of MontgomeryFill in the Blanks1. The real Roman conquest began in _____.2. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.3. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.4. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and the _____.5. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.6. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.7. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.8. During the Civil Wars (1642 –1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.9. The first two parties appeared in England were the _____and the _____.10. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a _____.二、美国历史部分1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 17762. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard3. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New York4. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 17145. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A. the Bill of RightsB. the ArticlesC. Civil Rights6. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as thecapital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. Philadelphia7. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Boston8. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James Madison9. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC. Both A and B10. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. Richmond11. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A. the easternB. the westernC. the northern12. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. both A and BFill in the Blanks1. It was _____ who first discovered the America in 1492.2. The New World was named after _____ Vespucci.3. The Indians living in America are all _____ skinned and dark-haired.4. The War of _____ broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783.5. In 1620 some English Puritans sailed to Plymouth on a ship called _____.6. On July 4th, 1776, the document called the Declaration of _____ was accepted by the American Congress.7. The first English colony was _____.8. The U.S. bought the area of Alaska from _____ in 1867.9. The famous novel “_____ _____ _____” by Mrs Stowe aroused a great and universal hatred for slavery.10. America participated in the Second World War in the year _____.三、英国地理部分1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,410D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. Scotland4. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England5. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey6. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales7. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _____.A. the AnglesB. the SaxonsC. the PictsD. the Jutes8. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. Leith9. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____ B.C.A. 410B. 750C. 30010. Scotland occupies the _____ portion of Great Britain.A. southernB. northernC. westernFill in the Blanks1. The U.K. is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.5. The most important river is the River of _____.6. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milderthan that of many places in the same latitude.7. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.8. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.9. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _____.10. The capital city of Wales is _____.四、美国地理部分1. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern2. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. Michigan3. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky4. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron5. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific6. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. Alaska7. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourth8. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto RicansFill in the Blanks1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexicoon the south.3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.5. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.6. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.7. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.8. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.9. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.五、英国政治部分1. The British Monarchy is _____.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditary2. The _____ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.A. Prime MinisterB. CrownC. Parliament3. The life of Parliament is fixed at _____ years.A. fourB. sixC. five4. The House of Commons consists of _____ members who are elected from the _____ electoral districts.A. 651, 651B. 535, 535C. 635, 6355. The _____ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.A. British governmentB. British ParliamentC. OppositionD. Privy Council6. The _____ is the core of leadership of the British government.A. CabinetB. Privy CouncilC. Crown7. It is the _____ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.A. Prime MinisterB. Lord PresidentC. SpeakerFill in the Blanks1. The present sovereign is _____ _____.2. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _____.3. The British Parliament consists of three elements –the _____, the House of _____, and the House of _____.4. The government cannot legally spend any money without the permission of he House of _____.5. The House of Lords is also called the _____ House, the House of Commons the _____ House.6. The Lords and the Commons share the same building of the _____ _____.7. The electoral districts of UK are called _____.8. The Prime Minister works and lives in the famous residence, _____ _____ _____.9. The two major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and the _____ Party.10. The whole of the UK is divided into _____ electoral districts.六、美国政治部分1. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. President2. The general election in America is held every _____ years.A. 5B. 4C. 6D. 33. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is _____.A. donkeyB. elephantC. eagle4. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.A. The CabinetB. The Supreme CourtC. PresidentD. Congress5. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _____.A. tigerB. elephantC. donkey6. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive7. The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on _____.A. the size of the areaB. the size of the populationC. the traditionD. the wealth8. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. the CongressC. the CabinetD. the president’s committee9. The members in the Senate must be at least _____ years old and those in the Representative _____ years old.A. 40, 30B. 30, 26C. 30, 25填空题:1. Only the _____ _____ has the right to interpret the constitution.2. Each of the fifty states of US elects _____ senators.3. The Federal Constitution consists of _____ articles and _____ amendments.4. The balance is always kept among the three branches of the power of the government and this is called the “System of _____ and _____”.5. The official presidential residence is the _____ _____.6 The American Congress is made up of two houses: the _____ and the House of _____.7. In the US the chief function of _____ is to make laws.8. There are _____ members in the Senate.9. According to the _____, the president should be a citizen born in the US territory.10. The two main parties are the Democratic and the _____ Party.七、英美教育填空题:1.The two oldest universities in Britain are __________and ___________.2. Tony Blair studied in __________ University.3. The University of London was founded in ________.4. ______________ courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, videos and a network of study centers.5. There are three academic degrees in Britain. They are __________, ____________,and _____________.6. The fourth oldest university in the United States is _____________.7. MIT refers to a name of a university, it is ___________________.选择题：1. William Shakespeare, Britain’s greatest writer went to a_____ school.(a) comprehensive (b) grammar(c) technical (d) independent2. The only independent university in Britain is ________.(a) Buckingham University (b) The University of London(c) The University of Oxford (d) The University of Cambridge3. The University of Cambridge was founded in _______.(a) 1836 (b) 1284(c) 1167 (d) 10964. The students of the universities in the second year are called ________.(a) junior (b) sophomore(c) freshman (d) senior5. An undergraduate student has to earn a certain number of______in order to receive adegree at the end of four years study.(a) credits (b) grades(c) scores (d) classes6. ________is the third oldest institution of higher education in the United States.(a) Harvard University (b) Yale University(c) MIT (d) Princeton University。

英国概况复习题

英国概况复习题英国概况复习题(5题×4’)Explain the following terms1. Norman Conquest:(1)Duke William of Normandy set sail across the English Channel on 28th September 1066, with a fleet of knights, archers and horses.(2) He was crowned King of England, established a Norman aristocracy.(3) The conquest of England ushered in a new era in English history with the introduction of feudalism.2. Magna Carta(1) Magna Carta for Great Charter’, is the most famous document of British constitutional history, issued by King John in 1215.(2) The purpose of it was to insure the rights of the Church and the customs of the town, to curb the king’s exploitation of the tax system and financial privileges and to guarantee that the king could not encroach on baronial privileges.(3)Magna Carta is a landmark in English constitutional history.3. The Hundred Years War(1) The Hundred Years’ War broke out between England and France in 1337, and it lasted until 1453.(2) Bordeaux was in French hands.(3) England ceased thinking of itself as a continental power and began to develop its own identity and culture.4. Glorious Revolution(1) Leading politicians invited William of Orange, Mary’shusband and ruler of the Netherlands, to invade England with Dutch forces and restore English liberties.(2) William and Mary became joint rulers of England after accepting whatbecame known as the Bill of Rights.(3) The Bill of Rights stated that no Roman Catholic would rule England; it gave inviolable civil and political rights to the people and political superemacy to Parliament.5. Tripartite System(1) Tripartite system was an educational system of Britain Act 1944.(2) It was divided into three parts: secondary modern, technical and grammar schools.(3)It was abolished in 1960s.6. GCSEIt was the General Certificate of Secondary Education, and was taken at the end of compulsory education at the age of 16. Any number of individual subjects may be taken. It replaces the former O-level and GSE examination.7. welfare state(1) It can be defined as ‘ a state with a government which assumes responsibility for the well-being of its citizens throughout life, through a range of interventions in the market economy.(2) The welfare state would aim to offer its citizens: a life with certain specified standards of living which it considers reasonable and possible for all, and protection against the unexpected hazards of life.8. NHSA short form for national health service. It was established in1947 for all to receive free diagnosis, treatment and hospitalization when necessary.9.absolute povertyAbsolute poverty is defined as calculating what income is required byfamilies of different sizes to provide the minimum of food, clothing (second-hand) and shelter needed for the maintenance of merely physical health.10.mixed economy(1) Mixed economy is an economy in which there is some public ownership as well as privately owned business.(2) Britain has mixed economy.11.civil libertiesThe freedom to organise politically,The freedom to speechThe freedom to the pressThe equality of all people under the law12.the civil serviceThe civil service is non-political. It consists of Permanent officials employed by government. The functions of civil service are to advise ministers and implement policy and top officials popularly known as ‘mandarins’.13.the rule of lawEverybody is subject to the law.Laws must not be arbitrary.There is only one body of law.The rights of the individual are to be respected.14. common law(1) This is law as decided by judges, their decisions in cases being arrived at after considering the customs and practices ofthe people involved.(2) English law has a long history, much of it being derived.15. the juryThe jury represents the people and its drawn from a cross-section of the public.The jury consists of twelve lay people who are selected at random.In court the jury cannot ask questions, the role of the jury is to listen impartially to the evidence from all sides.After the judge sums up all the evidence at the end of a trial, the jury retire from the court and consider their verdict in private. When they have reached a unanimous agreement of either guilty or not guilty they return to the court and give their verdict to the judge.Answer the following essay questions1. Why is the reign of Elizabeth called Golden Age?1)She reestablished Anglicanism.2)Important legislation enacted in her reign included stabilization of labor conditions, currency reform, poor laws, and acts to encourage agriculture, commerce, and manufacturing.3)British Navy, the defeat of the Armada.2. What is the effect of The Wars of Roses?1)Henry Tudor established the Tudor House.2)marriage to Edward IV’s daughter Elizabeth united the house of Lancaster and Yoke.3)ended feudalism in England.3. What are the basic features of Britain’s economy?1)Britain has a well-developed economy,also a mixed economy.2)Lack of raw materials.3)It is heavily depend on the export and import in its trade.4)Self-sufficient in energy since 19805)Manufacturing continues to play an important role, but services count for most of GDP.4. Describe the educational changes in Britain.1)Before 1870 education was voluntary and many of the existing schools had been set up by churches.2)From 1870, in response to changes brought about by the industrial revolution and movements for social and political reform, the government started to take responsibility for education.3)It was not until the Education Act 1944 that all children were given the right to free secondary education.4)Comprehensive schools were introduced in the 1960s.5)The Education Reform Act 1988 provided for: the establishment of a National Curriculum for 5 to 6 year-olds and regular examinations, the introduction of city technology colleges, more power being given to schools to run their own affairs.第五大题1.Church took after the poor and orphans.2.A harsher system of relief was introducted.3.National insurance schemes were established. Enable some people to cove retirement and medical costs.4.Most radical and widespread reforms based on Beveridge Report.5.Benifit system tigened up private provision of pension and medical costs encouraged.6.cost to paying for poor relief considered too burdensome7.discourage people from applying for relief. Staying in workhourses. Responsible for their own condition.8.only part of people9.too expensive10.people want to be more speading on the sick and disabled and wanted to more benifts for retired people1. non-political,Formal Head of State and Commomealth, Elizabath II2.Prime Minister,Ministers Secretaries of state political heads of government department(all MPS)3.political,House of Commons(MPS). House of Lard(hereditary,life peers)4.Lord chancellor,a leading Law Lord appointed by the Prime Minister5.non-political,employed by government,mandariws6.1)No longer exercise political pocoer.a symbolic one2)presides over the state opening of partionment3)give Royal Assent of agreement of any new law4)keep in touch with government with Prime Minister7.1)Prime Minister choose the Cabinet2)minister are responsible for their particular government department3)tollevtive cabinet responsibility.Once the cabinet has decide upon a policy all plinister will speak in support.8.1)make new laws2)approve amend reject laws3)debate national and international affair4)limie and examine the government(expenditure)public interest9.1)house of lord is the highest court2)put the laws into practice3)deal with cases according to the law10.1)officials sever the elected political governments2)Top civil serionment offer advice about the possible consequences of poicy3)responsible for implementing the polities that the government,withparliament’s approval,decides to pursue。

英国概况复习题

英国概况复习题1.The U.K. is situated in Northwestern Europe.2. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Scotland, and Wales; numerous smaller coastal islands; and Northern Ireland.3.The largest part of U.K. is England .4. The U.K. lies to the _west_ of France.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is London6. _ Northern Ireland_ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in theunion with Great Britain.7. The longest river in Britain is the Severn River, and the largest lake is Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland, while the most famous lake is Loch Ness.8. English is the official language, but not all of the British people speak it. In Wales many people speak Welsh; in Scotland about 80,000 people in the Highlands possess their own Gaelic language.9.Ben Nevis, 1343m, stands in the Scottish Highlands , is the highest peak in Britain.10.Wales_ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary.11.Mt. Snowdon stands in Wales12.Scotland occupies the _. northern _ portion of Great Britain.13. The Bank of England was nationalized in194614. The center of the Britain financial system is Bank of England15.Britain is basically an importer of food and raw materials16. British farmers produce enough food to supply 2/3 of the needs of the population.17.Cheviot hills lie along the border between Wales and England.18.―The backbone of England‖ refers to the Pennies19.The capitals of England and Scotland are London and Edinburgh__.20.Britain doesn‘t share any border with other countries except Ireland21.The climate of Britain is more moist because of _Atlantic Gulf Stream__.22.The main rivers in Britain run from north_ to south__.23.The longest river in Britain is Severn__ while the second longest one is Thames ,along which situated the city of London and Ofxford .24. The U.K. is rich in the following except _gold __25.The United Kingdom is rich in coal___, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.26. The English are Anglo-Saxon in origin, but the Welsh, the Scots and the Irish are Celts.27.Greater London is made up of 12 _Inner__ London boroughs and 20 Outer London boroughs.28.Tower of London, a historical sight, used to be a _national prison__ , which was built by the William the conqueror .29.The residence of Prime Minister and the Queen are No.10 Dowing Streetand_Buckingham Palace_30. The second largest city of England is _Birmingham___ while the second largest port of England is Liverpool .31. The city holding an international festival of music and the arts every year is_Edinburgh__32. Manchester is an industrial and commercial centre33. Cardiff is the capital of Wales. Belfast is the capital of northen Ireland34.The Queen’s University is in the city of _ Belfast_35.Christianity has tree main groups: Catholicism, Orthodox Eastern Church, Protestantism.36. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _twice__37. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _ 750__ B.C.38.King Arthur was the king of Celts .39.At about 3000 BC, some of the Iberians__ settled in Britain.40.The earliest known settlers on the British Isles were__Iberian__.41.The real Roman conquest of Britain began in43A.D.42.Christianity was first brought to England by __Romans___.43.The Roman occupation of Britain lasted nearly400 years.44.In about 122 A.D，in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the Romans built wall, called Hadrain‘s Wall .45. 410-871, the Germanic tribes came to England, the latter are:the Angles,Saxons and Jutes.46.In the late 6th century Christianity_ was introduced into England.47.The first ―King of the English‖ was _Egbert __48.National Epic__, considered the greatest Old English poem.49.Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to Anglo-Saxon Times.50. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was Bede51. Alfred_ was considered the first national hero.52. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _ the Archbishop of Canterbury__.53.The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from Norway and Denmark___54.By the end of the 7th century England was divided into a number of kingdoms, and therefore called__Heptarchy_.55. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _ feudalism__ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.56.King Edward was known as _Confessor__ because of his reputation of saintliness.57. In the reign of the Norman Kings, three languages were used in England : French_, English and Latin.58.The Battle of __Hastings__paved the way for the conquest of England.59. The Battle of Hastings took place in _1066__.60.On Christmas Day 1066, Duke William known in the history as Williamthe_Conqueror__ was crowned in _Westerminster __Abbey__.61. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _ Domesday __ Book.62. House of Plantagenet was established soon after Henry II succeeded to the throne.63. In 1181 Henry II issued the _ Assize of Arms___ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.64. Henry II appointed in 1162 Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury.65.In history _John was nicknamed ―King of Lackland‖.66.The founder of the English legal system and the common law was_Henry II_.67.Under Henry II‘s rule, Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury _ was murdered. His death has been the subject of several dramas, the most noteworthy of which is Eliot‘s ___Murder in the cathedral____.68.The Great Charter was signed by King John in the year1215.69.The Great Charter contained __three___ sets of provisions.70．Magna Carta (《大宪章》，法语词汇)is also called the Great Charter.72.Simon de Monfort forced Henry Ⅲ accept their own council, called parliament. Parliament of 1265 which known as the _All Estates Parliament is generally considered the ―beginning of parliament‖.73.In 1295, Edward summoned the ―All Estates Parliament‖ which included more than 400 members known in history as the __Model parliament__.74.The second and more important phase of medieval Anglo-French hostility began in 1337 and ended in 1453 , and is therefore known as the __Hundred Year's War__.75.The Hundred Years‘ War happened between England and France .76.The Hundred Years‘ W ar was both a _feudal_ and _trade_ war.77. By the end of the Hundred Years‘ War only the port of __Calais___ remained under English rule.78. In the 14th century took place the _ Black Death__, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages79.While EdwardⅢ was busy with his wars, parliament developed rapidly, and divided into three parts: _House_of Lords__, __House of Commons__, and_Cabinet_.The official head of Parliament at present is the Queen80.Feudalism in England began to decline in the early _14_century__.81.The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _Watt Tyler82. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was international , the English Church was strictly national___.83.__John Wycliffe__ and his followers, known as _Lollards__, provided_ideological_ for the labor movement of the 14th .84._Henry _ IV__ started a new dynasty, the House of Lancaster.85.The Wars of the Roses was a civil war, between the_family of Lancaster and family of York_ for power_ and _wealth_ and ultimately for the possession of the Crown.86. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _red___ rose.87. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _Tudor____ began88.Edward Ⅳ began the House of _Lancaster___.89. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the_money__ system.90. The Enclosure Movement began in the _15th__ century.91. The explorer who first discovered and identified the new continents is Christopher Columbus.92. John Hawkins____ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.93.The two results of the enclosure movement— the _primitive accumulation__ of capital and supply of _cheap labour__and paved the way for the development of capitalism.94. Under Elizabeth I _ the Anglican Church___ was restored, and she was declared ―governor‖ of the church.95. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called ―_Bloody__‖ Mary.96.The thinkers, who worked for freedom and enlightenment , werecalled_humanists_.97.The direct cause of Reformation in England was _Henry's VIII divorce case98.The greatest dramatist of Elizabethan age was __Shakespeare___.99.The direct case of the Reformation of England was _Henry__ ‗s divorce case. In 1534, the parliament passed the Act of _Supremacy__, according to which the king was declared the head of English Church.100. Renaissance means rebirth__, the Europe rediscovered its origins in the cultures of ancient _Greek_ and _Rome___.101.The masterpiece of Thomas More is _Utopia__. And John Milton was famous for his _Paradise _Lost__.102. The greatest English humanist was Sir Thomas More__.103. The masterpiece of Christopher Marlowe is Doctor Faustus___.104._Edmund Spenser__ is known as ―Poet‘s poet‖ and his masterpi ece is _Faerie Queen___.105. In the first half of 17th century _captialism_ grow rapidly in England.106. The House of _ Stuart____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.107. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from __1642_ to 1646___108. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of Charles I__._ 109. England first became a sea power in the time of _ Elizabeth I _.110.In 1649, _Charles I_was cut off and England was declared a Commonwealth. 111.In 1653 _Oliver Cromwell_ was made Lord Protector for life.112.During the English Civil Wars, those who stood for Parliament were called Roundheads and the supporters of the King were called Cavaliers or Royalists113.In 1653 parliament was dissolved and Cromwell was made _Lord Protector___. 114.In 1688, William and Mary were called back to be the joint rulers of England to replace James II, this Coup D‘ Etat was known in history as __Glorious___ Revolution.115. In 1689 the ―Bill of Rights‖ was passed. __The Constitutional Monarchy___ began in England.116. In 1689 Parliament passed ―_Bill of Rights___‖, limiting the powers of the crown.117.After the Crimean War _Russia__ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.118. After Seven Years‟ War, Britain became predominant in America and India. 119. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _1756_ to_1763__.120. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the factory of theworld__.121. The Industrial Revolution first started in _the textile industry___.122. In the second half of the 18th century, the great economic and social changes were taking place in Britain. Agricultural and home-based trades and industries gradually gave way to factory-based industries with complex machinery. This great change was commonly called the industrial revolution.123.James Watt‟s vast improvements to the steam engine made it practical forlarge-scale industrial use. The decisive advance in communications in the early 19th century was the invention of the steam rail locomotive by George Stephen124.The Spinning Jenny was invented by _James Hargreaves___.125. Samuel Crompton invented the _Spinning Mule_ in 1779.126. Edmund Cartwright invented the _Power Loom__ in 1785.127.In August 1819 a demonstration was organized in Manchester to demand universal suffrage, known as_Peterloo Massacre_.128. The first Prime Minister was _ Robert Walpole129.Roundheads—Tory__--_Conservatives___Cavaliers— _Whig___-- _Labour__130. The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party. Both the Government and Parliament are controlled by the ruling party.131. The Chartist Movement began in __1839___ and reached its height in __1848__. 132. The basic point of the People‘s Charter is _ universal suffrage _____.133. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against China. This was the _Opium War____.134. The ___Qing__ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.135.In fact Britain occupied _one-third___ of the whole of Africa.136. The dominion of _Canada__ was the first British dominion to be so organized. 137. The Victorian Age was over the _Edwardian Age__ began.138.By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire had climbed to its peak, and boasted to be a sun-never-setting empire.139. The defeat of Spanish Armada in the year 1588 helped establish English supremacy over the sea.140. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _Churchil___. 141. _ Winston Churchill___ formed a coalition government in 1940.142. When Germany invaded _ Belgium___ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.143. It was Winston Churchill__ who led the country during the ―miracle of Dunkirk‖.144. The First World War was an imperialist war as well as a world_ war because it was not confined only to Europe. It lasted _4__ years.145. On May 7, 1945, __Germany___ surrendered unconditionally.146. On the eve of WWI the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and _Italy____ was formed.147. At the _Paris Peace Conference __, the League of Nations was established and the Treaty of Versailles was signed.148. Generally speaking, there are two systems of primary and secondary education in Britain—the state school and “public”school.149. All children in the UK must, by law, receive a full-time education from the age of _5__ to _16____.150. The independent school or ―_public_‖ school is few in number but of great influence.151. In state schools the letters A, B and C are o ften used to describe ―_ streams__‖ or parallel classes.152. The four types of state schools in the secondary education are the grammar__ schools, comprehensive secondary schools, _technical_ schools and secondary modern schools.153. The pupils who had g ot the highest marks in the ―eleven plus‖ examination would go to_ grammar school.154. For all children in state schools, secondary education begins at the age of _11__. 155. There are two systems for secondary education in state schools, the _selective__ and the _comprehensive___.156. The oldest schools in UK are _grammar__ schools.157. Public schools belong to the category of the __.independent __ schools.158. The two features of Oxford and Cambridge are the college system and tutorial system159. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four Scottish___ universities.160. The open_university offers courses through one of BBC‘s television channels and by radio.161. Buckingham University is an independent __ university which was established in 1973.162. _Comprehensive secondary__ schools were established before 1960, in which pupils were not separated by the criterion of academic ability.163. At _15__ or _16___ pupils take an examination, either at the Ordinary Level of the General Certificate of Education or the Certificate of Secondary Education. 164. At 18 there is another examination for the pupils, the Advanced Level __ of the General Certificate of Education or the Certificate of Secondary Education.165. There are over _forty _ universities in Britain.166. The term “old universities”refers to Oxford and Cambridge, which were the only tow universities in England until the 19th century.167. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities dating from 1167_ and 1284__. 168. The British press is now divided into two different types of national newspapers: the quality newspapers (…quality‟or …broadsheets‟) and popular newspapers (…populars‟or …tabloids‟).169. Technical__ schools are often attached to polytechnics.170. The four famous school: Eton College, Harrow School, Winchester College and Rugby School are never referred to as colleges but _public__ schools.171. The public schools emphasize two factors in education. One is the study of classic s and science, the other is the development of what is called ―character__‖. 172. The five types of universities are the two old universities, the four scottish__ universities, the middle-aged universities, the new universities an the Open university and the one _independent__ university.173. Oxford got started in the _12th__ century. It has _28 __ colleges.174. There are about _12000__ students in Oxford and Cambridge respectively. 175. The University of London is a type of middle-aged___ university.176. There are three academic degrees in Britain, the Bachelor‘s_,_Master‘s and _ Doctor‘s_ degrees.177. A class in a state school is often called a ―_form __‖, never a ―grade‖.178. Almost all the national papers are published in the city of _London ___.179. The Fleet_ _Street__ is the national centre of the press in the UK.180. The most famous broadcasting company is British Broadcasting Corporation __. 181. The most well-known news agency is Reuters __.182. The second oldest university in Britain is _Cambridge __.183. In Britain great majority of children attend _state __ school184. The earliest newspaper in Britain is The Times__.185. The Observer__ is the oldest Sunday newspaper in Britain.186. The most humorous magazine is Punch187. In the UK there are about _160__ dailies and over 120___ weeklies188. There are _eight national daily newspapers which appear every morning except on Sundays eight189. The Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph support the Conservative Party 190. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are_journals __.191. BBC was founded in 1922__ and chartered in _1927__ as an independent public corporation192. The Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd. is a _local _ news agency193. The BBC is mainly financed by payment from all people who possess TV sets 190. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is British Broadcasting Corporation194. Reuters was founded in the year of _1851___.195. The new headquarters‘ building of _ the Press Association Ltd___ is at 85 Fleet Street, London.196. _ Cricket __ is regarded as the most English of games.197. _Association football__ claims the highest popular attendance in Britain. 198. Association football__ ―pools‖ provide amusement for millions of people who bet on the results of matches.199. The annual tennis_ championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the most famous in the world.200. _Horse __ racing is chiefly a betting sport.201. Hurdle or steeplechase racing takes up the winter months, leading to its climax in the Grand National Steeplechase at _ Liverpool_ in March.202. School boys usually play rugger or _soccer__ in winter, _cricket__ in summer 203. Schools girls usually play tennis and rounders_ in summer and netball and_hockey_ in winter.204. Netball is a kind of basketball, and rounders is a sort of _baseball ___205. It was _Francis Bacon_ who first revolutionized scientific thought in Britain. 206. William Harvey_ discovered the circulation of food.207. The Royal Society was founded in London__ in _1660___.208.The Royal Society reached the summit of its prestige in 1703, when _ Issae Newton__ became its president.209.. James Watt was a great _ Scottish__ engineer and inventor.210.. _John Dalton__ developed atomic theory in the 18th century.211.. The minor‘s safety lamp was invented by _Humphy Davy212.. Charles Robert Darwin Developed the theory of evolution __.213. _ Geoffrey Chaucer___ is considered the father of English poetry.214. Big Ben is the nickname of the 315-foot Clock Tower215 The British Museum was founded in _1753__216. The British Museum is financed by _Government__ funds and is managed by a board of 25 trustees.217. You could find the world-famous Speakers‘ Corner in _Hyde Park ____.218. Westminster Abbey__ is the biggest and most well-known church in London. 219. _ Buckingham Palace___ is the monarch‘s present London ho me.220. Stratford-on-Avon is the place where _William Shakespeare__ was born in 1564. 221. The Independent Broadcasting Authority gets its money from advertising __. 222. You‘ll find all BBC‘s programmes in the magazine _Radio__Times____.223 Netball is a kind of basketball, and rounders is a sort of _baseball ___.224. The Royal Society___ founded in London in 1660 is one of the most prestigious scientific bodies in the world.225. Issae Newton held the president of the Royal Society for __23___ years.226. The famous book Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy was written by _Issae Newton ___.227. Edward Tanner__, an English physician, discovered the vaccine for preventing smallpox and pioneered the sciences of immunology and virology.228. The miner‘s safety lamp was nicknamed _ Davy __ Lamp.229. Charles Robert Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species __ which caused a stir in Victorian times.230. Oscar Wilder was an aesthete advocating ―art for art‘s sake‖.231. The seat of the British Houses of Parliament is _ Westminster Palace___.232. ―Big Ben‖ was named after Sir _ Benjamin Hall___.233. The place where many famous figures are buried is called _Westminster_ Abbey__. 234. Karl Marx once came to study and work in the British Museum Library and Completed most of his famous book Capital there.235.Hyde Park in the Centre of London is one of the World‘s most famous city parks.236. The _Tower__ of _London__ was a state prison from Norman times.237. Whitehall__ is a most important street where some of the most important offices are located.238. The people can visit 300 life-size wax figures in Madame Tussaud‘s239. Margaret Thatcher, the first female Prime Minister in English history, gained her reputation as “the iron lady”for her tight control of Britain‟s monetary policy 240. In Britain, the titles of hereditary peers are, in order of rank, Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, aron.241. Welsh literature had a profound influence in medieval Europe, as it is the source both of Arthurian legend and that of the Holy Grail.242. Most British couples go to Church____ to have their wedding ceremony.243 House prices are _ high in Britain.244. British food is _ limited ____.245. Newly wedded couples are _. not eager____ to have a baby.246. The British people usually have a small quantity of __soup ___ as a first course. 247. The best-known quality of the British people is their exclusiveness_____. 248. The English sense of humour is _self-deprecating ____.249. English people do not laugh except _own faults___..250. The right to privacy and personal freedom is _unquestioned____ by the British. 251. Three ―Don‘ts‖ include jumping up the queue 、asking a woman her age and bargaining while shopping252. What the Englishmen usually talk about in their daily life is _weather___253. Three ―ings‖ include betting 、drinking and tipping254. The British people are great lovers of betting. The most money they bet mainly on _ horse racing____.255. The three royal traditions include playing the flute 、the changing of the Queen‘s guard and making a parliamentary speech by Queen256. Playing the flute is a tradition inherited from _ Queen Victoria ____.257. John Bull denoted a frank, uneasy, funny _gentleman____ called John Bull in the 17th century258. During the summer industrial workers in Britain have at least _four____ weeks of paid holiday259. State schools usually have __six___ weeks of summer holidays.260. St. Patrick‘s Day and Orangeman‘s Day are the holidays only spent in N. I.____. 261. _Christmas ____ is basically a home and family festival.262. The purely personal festival in Britain is _birthday____.263.Boxing Day is on the first weekday after Christmas .264. The festival which celebrates a historical event is _ Guy Fawkes Day____.265New Year‘s Day is more important than Christmas to the _Scots ____.266._Good Friday____ commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, and Easter Sunday the resurrection.267.The birthday of the _ British Monarch___ is a National Day in Britain.268.The Christmas pudding is dark brown, rich and fruity, sometimes with a few __silver___ coins hidden in it.269. Armistice Day is on _November 11th____ when the British remember the millions of people who died in the two world wars.270. Wages mean a payment usually of money for labour or services according to contract and on the following basis except _____.A. hourlyB. dailyC. monthlyD. piecework271. The British people traditionally like to live in _small houses____.272. At the age of _ sixty-five___, most men retire from their employment.273. Buddhism was founded in the _6th____ century B.C. by Sakyamuni.274. Islam was founded in the __ 7th ___ century by Mohammed275. Christianity came into being in the _first____ century.276. One of the Free Churches _ Quakers ____ is also called the Society of Friends. 277.The Church of England is also called the Anglican Church ____278.The Church of England came into being during the European Reformation279. London Cockney is a kind of dialect___ spoken by some people in London. 280. In terms of marriage no child can merry below the age of _16 __.281. The newlyweds often solve the problem of housing by renting or _mortgaging_ or buying a house.282. The housework in Britain is usually done by wife__.283. The nickname for Britain is _ John Bull___284. There are _ten____ bank and public holidays in Northern Ireland.285. There are a lot of things an Englishman is proud of, such as _King James___ Bible and Shakespeare_‘s plays, British Parliament and the Industria l__ Revolution. 286. A British custom is ―_ladies first __‖, such as letting a woman go first, protecting her from traffic.287. The two places where the changing of the Queen‘s guard are in front of Buckingham Palace and at the Whitehall ___.288. The Speaker is the head of the House of Commons __.289. Christmas Day is on __December 25th___, which is the greatest of the Christian festivals.290. There are two Bank Holidays in Scotland __.291. April Fool‘s Day which makes you an ―April Fool‖ falls on _April 1st____. 292. The first weekday after Christmas is Boxing Day___.293. Father Christmas is also called _Santa Claus __, who gives presents only to children and knows what every child wants.294. Remembrance Day is also called _Armistice Day____.295. The standard working week is usually between _35____ and _40____ hours in Britain.296. Wage-earning workers are paid weekly, usually getting their wages in cash____. 297. Salary earners are paid once a month or less frequently by _cheques ___ or paid into their bank accounts.298. The two things every employed man and woman has to pay the State are the National Insurance and National Health and the _ Income Tax___.299. The ―W.C.‖ means the __ Water Closet ____, a place where you relieve yourself. 300. The four major social benefits are unemployment benefit, sickness__ benefit, pension and __retirement___ allowance.301. A woman‘s retir ement is a the age of _60____.302. The doctrine of _ Buddhism____ is found in Buddhist scripture.303. The doctrine of __Islam___ is found in Koran.304. The doctrine of Christianity is the _Holy Bible _305.Christianity came into being in _30___ A.D.306. The Church of England today is all inclusive, have the ability to be both Protestant and _Catholic307. The British Monarchy is _hereditary308. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the 17th___ century.309. The __Crown __ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.310. The oldest part of British Parliament is _ the House of Lords____.331. The decision making organ in British Parliament is _the Cabinet __.312. The life of Parliament is fixed at __ five__ years.313. The House of Commons consists of _651members who are elected from the _651_ electoral districts.314. The titles of the lords, such as Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount and Baron, are hereditary ___.315. The quorum in the House of Commons is _. forty __ members.316. The _ British government __ is the supreme administrative institution.317. The _Cabinet__ is the core of leadership of the British government.318. The Privy Council was established in the 15th century when Henry VI___ was on the throne.319. Not until __1937__ could the cabinet have a legal basis.320. The number of the cabinet members varies, being generally about 20__.321. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is_ Lord Chancellor____.322. _ The Labour Party __ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900. 323. It is the Prime Ministe_ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.324. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the Opposition __.325. London, because of its special location, is divided into _32___ boroughs and the city of London.326. ―The Morning Star‖ is the official paper of the Communist Party327. The persons except criminals_ have no right to vote.328. In England and Wales, the jury consists of twelve_ people in criminal and civil cases.329. Legally any citizen aged from _18_ to _65_ who has never been sent to prison can be a member of the jury.330. The head of the police force of a county, etc. is called _. Chief Constable __.。

英国文学复习题含答案

___________I. Multiple Choice: from a, b, c or d, choose the best one to complete the statements below. (1×50, 50 points) 1.--------- is the first important religious poet in English literature.a. John Donneb. George Herbertc. Caedmond. Milton2.The literature of the Anglo-Saxon period falls naturally into two divisions, ---------- and Christian.a. Paganb. Romanc. Frenchd. Danish3.“----------”is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the surviving epic in the English language.a. Beowulfb. Sir Gawain and Green Knightc. The Canterbury Talesd. Hamlet 4.Fielding has been regarded by some as the“----------”for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.a.Best Writer of English Novelb. Father of English Novelc. Father of English Poetryd. Father of EnglishEssay5.All of the following three writers except---------- are the most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England.a.Marloweb. Shakespearec. Bacond.Thomas Kyd6.Byronic Hero was created by Lord Byron in one of his following works ---------.a. Don Juanb. Ode to the West windc. She Walks in Beautyd. Daffodils 7.Which play is not Shakespeare's tragedy? ----------a.Othellob. The Merchant of Venicec.Romeo and Julietd. King Lear 8.The literary form of The Faerie Queen is ----------.a. lyric poemb. narrative poemc. epic poemd. elegy9.Which of the following cannot correctly describe the English Enlightenment Movement ----------?a.It flourished in France.b. It was a furtherance of the Renaissance.c.Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world. d. It emphasized “reason & order.”10.“Blindness, partiality, prejudice and absurdity”in the novel Pride and Prejudice are most likely to be the characteristics of ----------.a. Elizabethb. Darcyc. Mrs. Bennetd.Lydia 11.The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the----------.a. Frenchb. Latinc. romanced. science 12.The story of “----------”is the culmination of the Arthurian metricalromances.a.Sir Gawain and the Green Knightb. Beowulfc.Piers the Plowmand. The Canterbury Tales 13.Chaucer, the‘father of English poetry' and one of the greatest ----------1poets of England, was born in London about 1340, and was the first to be buried in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey. a. lyrical b. blank verse c. narrative d. ballad 14.Which kind of metrical form was adopted by Chaucer in The Canterbury Tales? a. London dialect b. Heroic Couplet c. sonnet d. elegy 15.Generally speaking, Chaucer's works fall into three main groups corresponding roughly to the three periods of his adult life. Which period is wrong? a.The period of French influence (1359-1372) b.The period of Italian influence(1372-1386) c.The period of English influence (1386-1400) d.The period of American influence (1371-1382) 16.--------- was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature. a. Thomas Wyatt b. William Shakespeare c. Philip Sidney d. Thomas Campion 17. The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama. It was ---------- who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.a. Edmund Spenserb. Thomas Lodgec. Christopher Marlowed. Thomas More 18.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summitduring the reign of Queen ----------.a. Maryb. Elizabethc. Victoriad. William 19.English Renaissance Period was an age of ----------.a. prose and novelb. poetry and dramac. essays and journalsd. ballads and songs 20.From the following, choose the one that is not Francis Bacon's work. ----------a.The Advancement of Learningb. Essaysc.Maxims of the Lawd. Othello 21.English Renaissance Period was not an age of prose, but Thomas More wrote his famous prose work ----------.a. Of Studiesb. Robinson Crusoec. Gulliver's Travelsd. Utopia 22.Which play is not Shakespeare's comedy? ---------a.A Midsummer Night's Dreamb. The Merchant of Venicec.Romeo and Julietd. As You Like It23. ----------, considered John Milton's masterpiece, vividly tells the story ofSatan's rebellion against God and his tempting of Adam and Eve to eat theforbidden fruit of the tree of knowledge.a. Paradise Regainedb. Biblec. The Pilgrim's Progressd. Paradise Lost 24.---------- was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western th Europe in the 18 century.a. The Renaissanceb. The Enlightenmentc. The Religious Reformationd. The Chartist Movement2th century, England produces two great the last 20 years of the 1825.In pre-romantic poets. They were ----------.a. Johnson and Blakeb. Grey and Youngc. Pope and Goldsmithd. Blake and Burns th26.The 18-century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties, ----------, which were satirized by Swift in his Gulliver's Travels. a.The Whigs and the Toriesb.The senate and the House of Representativesc.The upper House and lower Housed.The House of Lords and the House of Commons thrd The critical realism in 19-century England has been considered as the 327.important literary achievement after the ancient Greek tragedy and the Renaissance drama. It has some basic characteristics as follows except: ----------a.Truthful reflection of the society with superb artistic styleb.Violent exposure and criticism with profound humanismc. Harmonious unity between the characters and situationd. The use of simple and common language 28.The Romantic Age began with the publication of Lyrical Ballads, which was written by ----------.a. William Wordsworthb. Samuel Johnsonc. Samuel Taylor Coleridged. Wordsworth andColeridge 29.Which poet did not belong to the Lakers? a. Coleridge b. Wordsworth c. Southey d. Keats 30.Choose the ode that is not written by Keats. ----------a. Ode to the West Windb. Ode to a Nightingalec. To Autumnd. Ode on a Grecian Urn 31.Choose the work that was not written by Jane Austen. ----------a. Emmab. Sense and Sensibilityc. Mansfield Parkd. Jane Eyre 32.English critical realism found its expression chiefly in the form of ----------. a. novel b. drama c. poetry d. prose 33.Which of the following writers did not belong to English critical realists? a. Charles Dickens b. Charlotte Bronte c. Daniel Defoe d. W. M. Thackeray 34.Dickens's David Copperfield is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the writer in which the early life of the hero is largely based on the author's early life, while his --------- is set against the backdrop of the French Revolution.a. Oliver Twistb. Great Expectationsc. Hard Timesd. A Tale of Two Cities 35.The sub-title of Vanity Fair is ‘---------'. a.A Pure Woman Faithfully Portrayed b. The Spirit and the Flesh c.A Novel Without a Hero d. Sense and Sensibility 36.In the novel Jane Eyre, Charlotte has some basic subject matters to express as follows except----------.a.pours a great deal of her own experienceb.criticizes the American bourgeois system of educationc.shows that true love is the foundation of marriaged.shows that women should have equal rights with men337.James Joyce was one of the foremost writers of --------- novels. a. critical realist b. Gothic c. stream of consciousness d. romantic historical38. The first English essayist Francis Bacon composed, during his lifetime,numerous prose work, and --------- is unmistakably among the most eloquent and elegant essays produced in English Renaissance.a. Of Studiesb. Ode to the West Windc. The Tigerd. Don Juan th-century Irish writers, who is the spokesman for Among the following 2039.the school of “Art for Art's Sake”? ---------- a. Bernard Shaw b. Oscar Wilde c. James Joyce d. W. B. Yeats 40. Wordsworth believes that ---------- can inspires poetry, and it is his nurse, guide, guardian and anchor of his thoughts.a. natureb. Godc. loved. wealth 41.Although writing from different points of view and with different techniques, writers in the Victorian Period shared one thing in common, that is, they were all concerned about ----------.a.the love story of the richb. the future of their countryc.the fate of common peopled. the love-making of the middle class people 42.--------- lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge.a. Charles Dickensb. Francis Baconc. Thomas Hardyd. Thomas More 43.The following comments on Daniel Defoe are true except ---------.a.Robinson Crusoe is his first novel.b.He is a member of the upper class.c.Robinson Crusoe is universally considered his masterpiece.d.He embarked on a new career—the writing of novel—when he was 60.44.The term “metaphysical poetry”is commonly used to name the work of the th-century writers who wrote under the influence of ----------. 17a. John Donne b. John Keats c. John Milton d. John Bunyan 45.The cradle of the Renaissance is ----------.a. Germanyb. Englandc. Italyd. Franceth46.The middle of the 18 century was predominated by a newly rising literary form that is the modern English ----------, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.a. proseb. novelc. tragicomedyd. drama 47.Which of the following writings did Wordsworth not create? ------c--a.I Wandered Lonely as a Cloudb. The Solitary Reaperc.TheChimney Sweeper d. The Prelude 48.Which of the following writings is not the work by Dickens? ca. A Tale of Two Citiesb. Hard Timesc. Sons and Loversd. Oliver Twist 49.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ---------, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.a. poetryb. dramac. essayd. novel450. The 23-year-old Austen composed three novels, and among them, FirstImpressions was early version of --00------.a. Pride & Prejudiceb. Sense & Sensibilityc. Emmad. Northanger AbbeyⅡ. Reading Comprehension: read the following selected parts carefully, andgive the best answer to the relevant questions. (0.5×50, 25 points)Part 1 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions:51.This is one of Shakespeare's best known ----------.a. sonnetsb. balladsc. songs52.It runs in iambic pentameter rhymed ----------.a. abba abba cdcd cdb. abab cdcd efef gg53. The 14 lines include three quatrains together with the lasttwo lines as ---------- which completes the sense of the lines above.a. preludeb. coupletc. epigraph 54. The theme of this poem is ----------.a. loveb. friendshipc. immortality of arts Part 2 I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.Questions:55.This is the first two stanza of a poem that is written by5--------.a. Byronb. Wordsworthc. Keats 56.The title of the poem is ----------.a. To Autumnb. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloudc. TheSolitary Reaper57.The poem's theme is about ----------.a. beauty of natureb. country lifec.love58.The poet adopts one kind of figure of speech: ---------- to describe the flowers in the poem.a. personificationb. alliterationc.conceit59.The rhyme scheme in each stanza is ----------.a. abababb. ababccc. abcdcd Part 3IT is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one orother of their daughters. Questions:60. This passage is the opening of a novel entitled ----------.a. Sense and Sensibilityb. Pride and Prejudicec. Jane Eyre61.The writer of the novel is the first famous womannovelist—---------.a. George Eliotb. Charlotte Brontec. Jane Austen 62.The story in this novel is based on the lovemaking of the th young people in the ------- families in 18-century England. a. upper-middle-class b. aristocratic c. royal Part 4 That's my last Duchess painted on the wall, Looking as if she were alive. I call That piece a wonder, now: FràPandolf's hands Worked busily a day, and there she stands. Will 't please you sit and look at her? I said 'FràPandolf' by design, for never read Strangers like you that pictured countenance, Questions:63. These lines are quoted from the poem entitled-------.a. Songb. My Last Duchessc. When We Two Parted 64. It was composed by the outstanding poet -------.a. Robert Browningb. Lord Byronc. William Wordsworth65. In the famous piece, the form of ------- is skillfully employed.a. balladb. dramatic monologuec. blank versePart 5 GO and catch a falling star,6Get with child a mandrake root, Tell me where all past years are, Or who cleft the devil's foot,Teach me to hear mermaids singing, Or to keep off envy's stinging,And find What windServes to advance an honest mind. If thou be'st born to strange sights, Things invisible to see,Ride ten thousand days and nights, Till age snow white hairs on thee, Thou, when thou return'st, wilt tell me, All strange wonders that befell thee, And swear, No where Lives a woman true and fair. Questions:66.These are the first 2 stanzas of the poem written by ------- inth17-century England.a. John Miltonb. John Donnec. John Bunyan 67.The poet is the most outstanding figure of the poetic school of“-------”during this period. a. Graveyard Poets b. Metaphysical Poets c. Romantic poets68.He was appointed by King James I in 1621 as the dean of------- and he held this post till his last day. a. Westminster Abbey b. St. Paul Cathedral c. Canterbury Cathedral69.Besides his unique love poetry, he is also famous for his religious-------.a. poetryb. sermonsc. plays70.This group of poets prefers to use an elaborate and surprisingfigure of speech, -------, to express ideas in a sharp and harsh manner, by comparing two very dissimilar things.a. conceitb. similarc. alliteration Part 6I tell you I must go! I retorted, roused to something like passion. Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton?--a machine without feelings? and can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong!--I have as much soul asyou,--and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh;--it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the7grave, and we stood at God's feet, equal,--as we are! Questions:71.This passage is taken from the novel “-------”. a. Emma b. Wuthering Heights c. Jane Eyre 72.The author of the work is-------.a. Jane Austenb. Emily Brontec. Charlotte Bronte73.The speaker in the passage is -------.a. Cathyb. Lydiac. Jane 74.The character is passionately emphasizing the significance of------- between men and women.a. marriageb. equalityc. relationship75.The character is speaking to -------.a. Mr. Rochesterb. Mr. Bingleyc. Mr. Bennet Part 7 `I have been hoping, longing, praying, to make you happy! I have thought what joy it will be to do it, what an unworthy wife I shall be if I do not! That's what I have felt, Angel!' `I know that.' `I thought, Angel, that you loved me - me, my very self! If it is I you do love, O how can it be that you look and speak so? It frightens me! Having begun to love you, I love you for ever - in all changes, in all disgraces, because you are yourself. I ask no more. Then how can you, O my own husband, stop loving me?' `I repeat, the woman I have been loving is not you.' `But who?' `Another woman in your shape.' Questions:76.This passage is taken from the novel “-------”. a. Sons and Loversb. Tess of the D'Urbervillesc. Jane Eyre 77.The author of the work is -------.a. William Thackerayb. Thomas Hardyc. Charles Dickens78.The female speaker in the passage is --------.a. Tessb. Elizabethc. Jane 79.The novelreveals women's dreadful life in ------- England. ththth-century c.17 b. 18 a. 19-century -century Part 8 Her only gift was knowing people almost by instinct, she thought, walking on. If you put her in a room with some one, up went her back like a cat's; or she purred. Devonshire House, Bath House, the house with the china cockatoo, she had seen them all lit up once; and remembered Sylvia, Fred, Sally Seton—such hosts of people; and dancing all night; and the waggons plodding past to market; and driving home across the Park. She remembered once throwing a shilling into the Serpentine. But every one remembered; what she loved was this, here, now, in front of her; the fat lady in the cab. Did it matter then, she asked herself, walking towards Bond Street,8did it matter that she must inevitably cease completely; all this must go on without her; did she resent it; or did it not become consoling to believe that death ended absolutely? Questions:80.This passage is taken from the novel “-------”. a. Sons and Loversb. Mrs. Dallowayc. Dubliners81.The author of the work is -------.a. James Joyceb. D. H. Lawrencec. Virginia Woolf82. The writer is the representative figure of ------- novelists inth-century 20 England.a. steam-of-consciousnessb. critical realismc. aestheticism83.This passage reveals the inner spiritual world of --------.a. Clarissab. Tessc. Jane Eyre84. The author of the novel committed suicide by drowning because of --------.a. her insanityb. marriagec. poverty Part 9 He was a comely handsome Fellow, perfectly well made; withstraight strong Limbs, not too large; tall and well shap'd, and as I reckon, about twenty six Years of Age. He had a very good Countenance, not a fierce and surly Aspect; but seem'd to have something very manly in his Face, and yet he had all the Sweetness and Softness of an European in his Countenance too, especially when he smil'd. His Hair was long and black, not curl'd like Wool; his Forehead very high, and large, and a great Vivacity and sparkling Sharpness in his Eyes. The Colour of his Skin was not quite black, but very tawny; and yet not of an ugly yellow nauseous tawny, as the Brasilians, and Virginians,and other Natives of America are; but of a bright kind of a dun olive Colour, that had in it something very agreeable; tho' not very easy to describe. His Face was round, and plump; his Nose small, not flat like the Negroes, a very good Mouth, thin Lips, and his line Teeth well set, and white as Ivory.Questions:85. This passage is taken from the novel “---------”. a. Robinson Crusoe b. Ulysses c. Gulliver's Travels86. The author of the work is --------.a. Daniel Defoeb. Henry Fieldingc. Charles Dickens87. The writer was the representative figure of realistic novelistsin ------ century England. ththth c. 19 b. 18 a.17 88. The point of view used in this novel is the ---------.a. first-personb. third-personc. second-person89. The character described in this passage is -------- who issaved by the narrator. a. Crusoe b. Friday c. the slave trader9Part 10 To be, or not to be: that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;Questions:90.These lines are taken from a famous play named ----------.a. Hamletb. King Learc. Othello 91. The author of theplay is ----------.a. Marloweb. Wyattc. Shakespeare 92.In the play these lines are uttered by ---------.a. Opheliab. Hamletc. Gertrude93. These lines are written in ----- which was introduced firstly by Christopher Marlow from French literature. a. ode b. blank verse c. elegy 94.This play is a ----------.a. comedyb. tragicomedyc. tragedyPart 11 O, my luve is like a red, red rose,That's newly sprung in June;O, my luve is like the melodie That's sweetly played in tune. Questions:95.This is the first stanza of a poem that is written by apre-romantic poet -----.a. Byronb. Burnsc. Keats96.The poem is written in the form of ----------.a. ballad metreb. sonnetc. ode97. The “red, red rose”in the poem is a token of ---------. a. friendship b. lovec. happiness 98. The poet was cultivated by-------- culture.a. Scottishb. Englishc.Welsh 99. He spent his life among the common people in the countryside and is thus regarded as a -------- poet.a. aristocraticb. peasantc. lake100. He created a great deal of poems from the resource ofthe folksong in his homeland. Among them, --------- has become a world-famous one.a. Auld Lang Syneb. To a Mousec. JohnAnderson, My JoIII. True or False: if the statement is True, please mark A on the answer sheet;if it is False, please mark B on the answer sheet. (0.5×50, 25 points) 1. Imperialism and the demand for social reform are the two factors that had a10large influence on modern English literature. T2. The slogan of aesthetic literature is “Art for Art's Sake”. T3. Modern English novel is a natural product of the Industrial Revolution and asymbol of the growing importance of the English (bourgeoisie) middleclass. T4.Self-acknowledge is one of the major themes of Pride and Prejudice. T5. Robert Burn's passionate poem, My Heart's in the Highlands, opens with thelines: “My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here, / My heart's in theHighlands a-chasing the deer”. T6. The central character in a romance is usually a knight. T7. Many of famous verses by John Keats are crafted in the form of ode. T8. Walter Scott is called the Father of English Prose. F9. It is in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling that Henry Fielding succeedsbest in creating “a comic epic in prose”. T10. In Gulliver's Travels, Yahoos are the creatures living on Laputa. F11. In “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning”, John Donne compares the souls oflovers to a pair of compasses. T12. Bacon's Essays has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English essay. T13. The most important poet in the Victorian age is Robert Browning. Next tohim is Alfred Tennyson. F14. Popular ballad is an important stream of English medieval literature. Of allthe ballads, those of Robin Hood are of paramount importance. T15. The difficulty of knowing the truth, the connection between thought andaction, revenge, and death are all the themes explored in Shakespeare's Hamlet. T16. Thomas Gray's poetry is bone of the bone and flesh of the flesh of the Scottish people. F17.An elegy is a poem in which the poet mourns the death of a specific person. T18.Much like Jane, Mr. Bingley in Pride and Prejudice is an amiable and good-tempered person. T19.Shelley's most famous lyrics include To a Skylark and The Cloud. T20.Robert Burns wrote under the influence of Scottish folk traditions and oldScottish poetry. T21.The literary technique with which authors represent the flow of sensations andideas is called stream of consciousness. T th century is a period of struggle between end 22.The of the 19Romantic andRealistic trends in literature. F23.Optimism and positivism are strongly reflected in Hardy's writings. F24.Both The Waves and Women in Love are stream-of-consciousness novels. F25.Thomas Carlyle and Matthew Arnold are famous prose writers in the Victorianperiod. T1126.Thomas Hardy succeeded Tennyson and George Bernard Shaw as president ofthe Society of Authors. T27.In 1850 Wordsworth, who had been poet-laureate after Southey, died; andTennyson took the laurel. T28.The title Ulysses has been adopted by two British writers—one is Tennysonthe poet in his famous monologue; the other D. H. Laurence in his famousstream-of-consciousness novel. F29.The Bronte sisters published their first work—Poems by Currer, Ellis, andActon Bell in 1846. T30. Besides E. M. Foster, Virginia Woolf is also an active member of the“Bloomsbury Group”. T31.Dubliners—the starting point of Wilde's writing career—is a collection ofsharp realistic sketches about the Dublin life. F th-century English Gothic novel included principal writers of the 1732. TheHorace Walpole—author of The Castle of Otranto, and Ann Radcliffe—author of The Mysteries of Udolpho. F33.Wilde's most excellent success was as a writer of novels, esp. in The Portraitof Dorian Gray. F34.Jane Eyre, the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte and an immediate success inher time, has been dedicated to Thackeray—the author of Vanity Fair. T 35.Because of the reception of Tess and Jude, Hardy turned with relief to thewriting of experimental lyrical poetry in 1896. T36. George Eliot, pseudonym of Mary Ann or Marian Evans, was one of the best19th-century English novelists, whose best-known works are Adam Bede, TheMill on the Floss, and Silas Marner. T37. Sir Walter Scott, the author of Waverley and Rob Roy, was the firstmajorhistorical novelist. T38. The hero of the poem, Don Juan, was the first example of what came to beknown as the Byronic hero. T39.Mrs. Browning is most famous for her Sonnets from the Portuguese as well asAurora Leigh. T40.John Galsworthy, the first serious British writer on sex, was equally prolific asa dramatist who for many years rivaled Bernard Shaw. F41. Charles Dickens was the first to gain fame and popularity before other prominent Victorian novelists, including Thackeray, George Eliot and EmilyBronte. T42.The central figure in Vanity Fair is Rebecca Sharp who issimple-hearted andna?ve. F43.John Bunyan—the author of Paradise Lost—is the representative writer of th-century England. prose in 17F44.Tales from Shakespeare written by Charles and Mary Lamb is a guidance book。

英国概况复习题1

Part I Geography（一）I. Multiple Choice1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,752D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B. 1921C. 18014. Physiographical Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.A. 13B. 12C. 145. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England6. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to west7. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. Vale of Eden8. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB. ClydeC. Bann9. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey10. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales11. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.A. North SeaB. English ChannelC. Dee estuary12. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. England17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50%B. 38%C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A. 1964B. 1946C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. both A and B21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _____ of the needs of the population.A. 2/3B. 4/5C. 1/222. Britain’s main cereal crop is _____.A. oatsB. cornC. barleyD. rye23. The center of the Britain financial system is _____.A. Bank of EnglandB. Bank of BritainC. Bank of U.K.24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _____.A. the AnglesB. the SaxonsC. the PictsD. the Jutes25. “Black Country” refers to _____.A. countryside in EnglandB. an area around BirminghamC. a country in Africa26. The second largest port in Britain is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. Liverpool27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. Leith28.Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____ B.C.A. 410B. 750C. 30029. The U.K. is rich in the following except _____.A. coalB. ironC. goldD. tin30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _____.A. limitation of immigrationB. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rateD. unemployment31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _____.A. 60%B. 80%C. 70%32. The Queen’s University is in the city of _____.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. Manchester33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect34. About _____ percent of the population live in cities or towns.A. 80B. 85C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _____ million acres.A. 30B. 25C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is _____.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. Manchester38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _____.A. GaelsB. BritonsC. Anglo-Saxons39. Scotland occupies the _____ portion of Great Britain.A. southernB. northernC. western40. By the Act of Union in _____, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.41. _____ has its own national church and its own system of law.A. WalesB. Northern IrelandC. Scotland42. The _____ End includes Westminster, St. James’ PalaceA. EastB. WestC. North43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. EnglandII. Fill in the Blanks1. The U.K. is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.11. The most important river is the River of _____.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.20. In Wales many people speak _____.21. People sing the national anthem in _____.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The U.K. lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _____ End.30. River _____ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _____.32. The source of the River _____ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.I I I. True or false______ 1.The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.______2. In Britain, differences in regional characters and speech can hardly been seenand heard.______3.Four political divisions on the island of Great Britain are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.______ 4.England is in the south of Great Britain.______ 5.The largest river of Brtiain is the Thames RiverIV. Answer the Following Questions1.What are the major factors influencing the British weather characterized by a moderate temperature and plenty of rainfall?2. What are the general characteristics of the British economy?。

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F i l l i n t h e b l a n k s:1. At about 3000 BC, some of the Iberians settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the Roman’s built Hadrian’s Wall.3. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.4. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or Magna Carta5. Along with the Normans came the French language.6. The Wars of the Roses broke out between two parties of nobles.7. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was international, the English Church was strictly national.8. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called “Bloody” Mary.9. “Renaissance” means “rebirth”, . Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome.10. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called Roundheads while the supporters of the King Charles I were called Cavaliers.11. The first two parties appeared in England were the Tory and the Whig.12. "God Save the Queen" is the national anthem of Britain.13. London, the capital of the United Kingdom is situated on the Thames River nearits mouth.14. The island of Great Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland in the north,England in the south and Wales in the southwest.15. The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh which is well-known for its natural beauty.16. The ancestors of the English and the founder of England were the Anglo-Saxons.17. Wales in Britain is called “Land of Princes”18. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the center of London, wasbuilt by William the conqueror.19. Big Ben is a famous clock in London.20. In Britain, the official head of state is the Queen while the real center of political life is in the House of Commons.21.From 1979 to 1997, Conservative Party won 4 consecutive elections and was inpower for quite a long time.22. The two oldest universities in Britain are Oxford and Cambridge.23. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a feudal civil war.24The Cabinet of the Opposition Party in Britain is known as the shadow cabinet.25There are two major parties in the UK: Conservative Party, and Labour Party26The Commonwealth was believed to be set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.three most important religions in the world are: Buddhism Muslin Christianity28. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, the House ofCommons and the House of Lords.29. The First World War was an imperialist war as well as a world war because itwas not confined only to Europe. It lasted 4 years.30. Middle English was formed after the Norman Conquest, the Middle Englishconsisted of 3 parts: old English, French, Latin.31.Children in Britain must receive a full-time education legally from the age of 5 to16.32.T he Christmas Pantomime is a comical musical play enjoyed by adults andchildren during Christmas time. It has two main characters: the principal boy and the Dame.Anglo-SaxonsThey were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down inEngland from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.Civil WarCaused by a dispute over the power of the king against Parliament, the civil war broke out in the 17th century. The Civil War was also called the English Bourgeois Revolution. The Republican“roundheads”, led by Oliver Cromwell, wanted to abolish themonarchy and to reassert the rights of Parliament. The king wassupported by most Catholic and feudal Lords, they were calledRoyalists. The Royalists were defeated and King Charles I wasexecuted in 1649.1.Magna CartaThis is a medieval Latin name meaning “Great Charter”. In 1215,King John was forced by a group of feudal barons and the Churchto grant then a charter of liberty and political rights. Magna Cartaplaced some limits on the king’s ability to abuse his royal power.This is regarded as Britain’s key expression of the rights of citizens against the Crown.2.the Bill of Rights of 1689In 1688, King James II’s daughter Mary and her husband Williamwere invited by the politicians and church authorities to take thethrone, on condition that they would respect the rights ofParliament. After this Glorious Revolution, the Bill of Rights waspassed in 1689 to ensure that the King would never be able toignore Parliament.3.Christianity: Christianity refers to all doctrines and religiousgroups based on the teaching of Jesus Christ. It was founded in the 1st century in Palestine. Jesus Christ is accepted by Christians asthe son of God, and his teaching is contained in the Bible, the holybook of Christianity. In Europe, Christianity is divided into threemajor groups, Roman Catho lic Church, Protestant Church andOrthodox Eastern Church.4.The Hundred Years’ War:The Hundred Years’War was not one war, but a series ofintermittent wars between France and England. It lastedintermittently on from 1337 to 1453. It was started by Englandand was fought entirely in France. At last English was completelydefeated and driven from France except the port of Calais. Thewar ended in 1453.5.Renaissance: “Renaissance” is a French word that means rebirth.Italian scholars first used the word in the mid-16th century toexpress the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. Butmodern Scholars use it to mean the great variety of changes whichEurope underwent politically, economically and culturally between1450and 16006.Humanism:The mainstream of Renaissance. It stressed that mencould achieve wonders through their own efforts. Passiveendurance of poor life (as was advocated by the church) was nolonger valued. It believed that man had the right to enjoy thebeauty of this life and strive to enrich it.7.causes for the relative decline of Great Britain:There are four reasons for the relative economic decline since 1945: Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to finance the war;British colonies which used to provide raw materials and bigmarkets gained independence. And the author also believes thatBritain was heavily burdened with the huge military expenditureduring the process of de-colonization and that Britain also lackedthe investment in modern equipment and new products.8.grammar schoolsIt is a type of secondary schools in Britain. Grammar schools select children at the age 11, through an examination called “the 11-plus”.Those children with the highest marks go to grammar schools.These schools lay emphasis on advanced academic subjects ratherthan the more general curriculum of the comprehensive schoolsand expect many of their pupils to go on to universities.9.Puritanism: Puritan is one sect of protestant. Puritans believe:Everyone must work hard, spend little and invest for more business.Working hard and living a moral life were their ethics. Theyregarded Bible to be the authority of their doctrine. To be able toread the Bible and understand God's will, education was essentialfor Puritans.10.Industry Revolution:The Industrial Revolution refers to themechanization of industry and the consequent changes in socialand economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. () which transformed Britain from a rural andagricultural country into a mainly urban and manufacturing one.11. A Civil Rights MovementA Civil Rights Movement in Northern Ireland started in the 1960sby Catholics who often marched in the streets and fought forequality. As the Protestants were the majority, they controlled thelocal parliament and used that power to support their owneconomic and social dominance in Northern Ireland. Catholicsfound it difficult to get jobs or to benefit from social programs such as public housing. Therefore, they began the Civil RightsMovement so as to get their right.12.Shadow Cabinet:the work of each Minister is always underobservation of an unofficial “cabinet” formed by Opposition. Itwas called “Shadow Cabinet”. If the Opposition won, the shadowcabinet may become Cabinet.13.Romanticism Roughly the first third of the 19th century makes upEnglish literature’s romantic period. Writers of romanticliterature are more concerned with imagination and feeling thanwith the power of reason. A volume of poems called LyricalBallads written by William Wordsworth and Samuel TaylorColeridge is regarded as the romantic poetry’s“Declaration of Independence.” Keats, Byron and Shelley, thethree great poets, brought the Romantic Movement to its height.The spirit of Romanticism also occurred in the novel.Questions:1.English language is the widely used nowadays, and may becalled the world’s most important language. Please explain thereason.2.Why Britain started Industrial Revolution first in Britain in theworld What is the impact of Industrial Revolution on English society3.What is the best-known quality of the British4.How did the Hundred Years War break out, and what were theconsequences of the Hundred Years war5.What, in your opinion, are the main causes for the slow growthof Britain’s economy since the Second World War6.Which are the major parties in Britain What are thecharacteristics of them7.Do you think one or two Miracle people could decide thefoundation of the Christianity What is the origin ofChristianity according to history。

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