2020河北省中考五年命题规律+练习(专题11:动词的语态)

2020河北省中考五年命题规律+练习(专题11:动词的语态)
2020河北省中考五年命题规律+练习(专题11:动词的语态)

专题十一动词的语态

河北中考五年命题规律及趋势

考纲要求1.一般现在时的被动语态2.一般过去时的被动语态3.一般将来时的被动语态

考查点年份题号选项设置分值一般现在时

的被动语态

202043 treats/treated/is__

treated/was

treated

1分

一般过去时的被动语态

202038 praises/praised/is

praised/was__pr

aised(一般过去

时)

1分

202038 moves/moved/is

moved/was__mo

ved

1分

202039

invites/is

invited/was__inv

ited/has invited

1分

一般将来时的被动语态202044

will save/was

saved/have

saved/will__be__

saved

1分

动词语态为河北中考单项选择题的必考点,且都与时态相结合,主要表现为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时。选项的设置均为一个动词的两种不同时态和不同语态。语境设置在近3年来很少出现明显的时间状语提示,需要分析语境才能判断出选项。语句多为单句形式,词数多为9—13。

预测2020年河北中考的单项选择题必定会出现一道题考查被动语态,并与时态相结合。

河北中考重难点突破

【满分点拨】

1.动词语态的分类

英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。

(1)主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如:Many people speak English there.那儿很多人说英语。

(2)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动词的对象。如:Chinese is spoken by many people.汉语被很多人说。(Chinese是动词speak的承受者)

2.被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(用done表示)”构成。常见的4种时态的被动结构如下:时态被动结构例句

一般现在时am/is/are+done

This kind of car is made in China.这种车是中

国制造的。

一般过去时was/were+done

The flying disk was invented by college

students.这种飞碟游戏是大学生们发明的。

一般将来时will/shall+

be+done

The bridge will be f inished in a month.这座桥

将在一个月内竣工。

情态动词情态动词+

be+done

Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制

造。

3.主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)图示

(2)口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动。

(3)变换步骤:

①将主动句的宾语变为主语。

注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。如:Tom killed him.→He was killed by Tom.汤姆杀了他。

②将动词改为“be+过去分词”。

注意:be动词与新主语相一致,时态不变。如:They held a meeting yesterday.→A meeting was__held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。

③将主动语态的主语改为by…放在谓语动词后。

注意:如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。如He sang a song.→A song was sung by__him.他唱了一首歌。

【方法突破】

分析河北近5年考情发现,涉及语态的试题的选项中通常有两个主动和两个被动,并且有现在时态和过去时

态。学生在做题时,可从以下角度入手分析:

判断句子是主动语态还是被动语态

读懂句意,确定主语,判断主语表示人还是物,主语是动作的执行者还是承受者。一般人作主语时,谓语动词用主动语态。当主语为人时,需根据句意及谓语动词判断该动作是否是主语发出:若为主语发出,用主动语态;若不是主语发出,用被动语态。物作主语的时候,谓语动词要用被动语态,由此可排除掉主动语态的选项。对于被动语态来说,试题主要是让大家找出谓语动作的执行者或承受者,这就要根据句子的意思进行判断,然后根据句中的时间状语做出正确选择。

确定句子的时态

被动语态的使用离不开时态,所以应根据句中的时间状语、上下文的暗示或发生动作的时态来分析判断应使用哪种时态的被动语态。再结合句意给出的时间状语或已发生动作的时态,选取对应的时态。

4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊结构

(1)含有双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)的句子,多把间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。如:Jack told us the truth.→We were told the truth by Jack.杰克告诉了我们真相。

(2)主动语态中有些感官动词(如:hear,see,watch,notice等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时,要把不定式符号to还原。即:hear(see) sb.do sth.→sb. be heard(seen)to do sth.如:We heard the girl play the piano in the music classroom.→The girl was heard to play the piano in the music classroom.我们听见那女孩在音乐教室弹钢琴。

(3)主动语态中有些使役动词(如:make,let等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时,同样要把不定式符号to还原。即:make sb.do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.如:The teacher makes his students do much homework every day.→His students are made to do much homework by the teacher every day.那位老师让他的学生每天做很多家庭作业。

5.不能使用被动结构的情况

(1)连系动词,如:look,feel,smell等,以主动形式表示被动含义。如:The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。

(2)有些动词的主动形式表被动含义,如:need doing(需要做某事),be worth doing(值得做某事)等。如:Your bedroom is in a terrible mess.It needs cleaning right now.你的卧室太乱了,需要马上清理一下。

(3)表示“发生”的happen或take place,无被动结构。如:The story happened on a cold night.故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。

【考点抢测】

( C )1.(2020张家口升学一模)The guide dog,Dan,________ as their close family member for the blind couple all t he time.

A.treats B.is treating

C.is treated D.was treated

( D )2.(2020石家庄桥西区中考模拟)—What happened to Billy?

—He ________ because of his drinkdriving.

A.caught B.has caught

C.is caught D.was caught

( B )3.(2020石家庄新华区中考模拟)The sweet girl ________ another chance to go on a trip.

A.is given B.will be given

C.gives D.gave

( C )4.(2020九年级路北区一模)—Do you think teenagers ________ to make their own decisions?

—No,I don't agree with you.They're too young to do that.

A.encourage B.are encouraging

C.are encouraged D.were encouraged

( D )5.(2020河北升学三模)I need one more stamp before my collection ________.

A.was completed

B.is being completes

C.has been completed

D.is completed

( B )6.(2020路北区九年级二模)—Many beautiful flowers ________ around our school every year.

—Yes,________ beautiful our school looks!

A.are planted;what B.are planted;how

C.were planted;what D.were planted;how

( B )7.(2020邯郸升学二模)We'd better learn English well.It ________ in many countries around the world.

A.speaks B.is spoken

C.was spoken D.spoke

( C )8.(2020石家庄18县市联考)I'm glad to find that many trees ________ in our city last year.

A.plant B.planted

C.were planted D.are planted

( B )9.(2020石家庄42中模拟)—Don't forget to come to our school assembly(集会).

—I won't.I ________ just now.

A.told B.was told

C.spoke D.was spoken

( C )10.(2020海港区升学一模)—Mom,can I play computer games for a while?

—Unless your homework ________,you can.

A.finishes B.finished

C.is finished D.has finished

( C )11.(2020河北升学二模)Rainforests ________ down so fast that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.

A.cut B.are cutting

C.are cut D.were cut

( D )12.(2020河北升学一模)The 24th Winter Olympics ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiak ou in 2022.

A.holds B.has held

C.was held D.will be held

河北中考考点精练

( D )1.(2020北京中考)A new road ________ near my school next year.

A.builds B.will build

C.is built D.will be built

( D )2.(2020天津中考)Paper ________ first ________ about 2 000 years ago in China.

A.is;creating B.is;created

C.has;created D.was;created

( C )3.(2020重庆中考)Students do less homework https://www.360docs.net/doc/0c4323757.html,ually it ________ before 9 o'clock in the evening.

A.finishes B.finished

C.is finished D.was finished

( B )4.(2020河南中考)We are going to take the highspeed train to Xi'an tomorrow,so an early arrival at the station ________.

A.advises B.is advised

C.is advising D.was advised

( D )5.(2020河北中考)Emily is glad that she ________ for her honesty at that meeting.

A.praises B.praised

C.is praised D.was praised

( C )6.(2020厦门中考改编)—These days,teenagers often have to do what they ________ to.

—It's not good for their independence.They need to think on their own.

A.tell B.are telling

C.are told D.is told

( C )7.(2020陕西中考)Football ________ to our school subjects last year.

A.is added B.adds

C.was added D.added

( D )8.(2020江西中考)I plan to build an unusual house.It ________ out of old things.

A.is built B.has built

C.was built D.will be built

( D )9.(2020淮安中考)—Aunt Li,who is the pretty girl in red in the picture?

—It's my daughter.The picture ________ 10 years ago.

A.took B.is taken

C.has taken D.was taken

( D )10.(2020广东中考)He Jiang ________ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month.

A.invites B.invited

C.is invited D.was invited

( C )11.(2020福州中考改编)—When is the 31st Olympic Games?

—It ________ in Rio de Janeiro o f Brazil in August,2020.

A.held B.is held

C.will be held D.was held

( D )12.(2020南京中考)It's reported that Jiangsu Grand Theatre ________ in September this year.

A.completes B.is completed

C.will complete D.will be completed

(C )13.(2020菏泽中考改编)When you go abroad,you'll find that so many products in local shops ________ in China.

A.make B.have made

C.are made D.were made

( A )14.(2020黄冈中考)—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him?

—No problem!I think he ________ to think twice beofre starting.

A.should be told B.can tell

C.should tell D.can be telling

( B )15.(2020黄石中考)—Why does the earth look blue in space?

—Because most of the earth's surface______ by the ocean.

A.covers B.is covered

C.cover D.are covered

( C )16.(2020孝感中考)—What's the meaning of the activity “Let's Save”?—Paper shouldn't ________ in everyday life.

A.waste B.wasted

C.be wasted D.is wasted

( C )17.(2020随州中考)—Waiter,I'd like some Ningbo Dumplings. —Sorry,sir.Ningbo Dumplings ________ only for lunch and dinner. A.serve B.served

C.are served D.are serving

中考英语动词短语知识点(大全)

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(英语)中考英语动词专项训练及答案

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(完整版)中考英语常用动词短语(超全)

look短语look for寻找;look after照顾;look over查看;look forward to渴望,向往,to为介词,后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语;look at看着;look up抬头看,在…查找;look up to尊敬;look down upon瞧不起;look like看起来像;look as if/though看起来好像;look through透过……看,翻阅,浏览;look into调查;look out当心;look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾,回想look on旁观, 看作,当作(与as 连用) put短语put off推迟,put on穿上;上演;put away把…暂时收起来,储存……备用;put up举起,建造,张贴;put out扑灭;put down写下;放下;put aside把…搁在一边;put back放回put…into把…放入put one’s heart into全神贯注 turn短语turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝;turn up把音量开大一点;出现;turn round/around回头;turn over 翻开;翻转;turn to朝向;变成;求助于;turn…into…把…变成…;turn into变成;turn out结果证明是;turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over (使)翻过来turn against背叛turn back折回,往回走turn around旋转,转过身来 call短语call at拜访,后接地点;call on拜访,后接被拜访的对象;号召;call back回电话;call in 叫来;call up打电话,使回忆起;call for叫某人同往某处,要求;call off取消 be短语be friendly/kind to对…友好;be fed up with对…厌烦;be different from与…不同;be afraid of害怕;be popular with受…欢迎;be fond of喜欢,爱好;be interested in对…感兴趣;be surprised at对…惊讶;be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意;be proud of对…感到自豪;be strict with对某人严格;be strict in 对某事严格;be good to对…有好处;be good at擅长于…;be sure of/about对…有把握;be divided into被分成;be made up of由…构成;be angry with对某人生气;be busy with忙于;be full of/filled with装满了;be late for…迟到;be covered with覆盖着;be familiar with对…熟悉;be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的;be famous/known for因…著名;be famous/known as作为…有名 get短语get on/along (well) with与某人相处(融洽),在…进展(顺利);get up起床;get on上车(船、飞机、马);get off下车(船、飞机、马);get back回去;get back to回到;get away离开,逃脱;get down 下来;get home到家;get into进入,陷入;get out (of) (从…)出去;get to到达get together聚会;get in收割get through通过,度过,完成get hold of获得,取得get over越过,恢复,克服get ready for为…作准备get up起床get used to习惯于

中考英语动词短语专项练习经典

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