全国同等学力英语真题及参考答案

2010年同等学力英语真题及参考答案Paper One(90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each )Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers,to complete the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across thesquare brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.]1. A. Can you take over for me here for a little while? I have a friend coming to see me.B. I’d like to, but _____________. A sk Peter, he is not so occupied at this moment.A. How can I do it?B. that’s alright.C. I have my hands full. B. that’s impossible2. A: To get an outside line, just dial 0 and the phone number. Or we can place a call for you, ifyou want.B. No, thanks a lot.A. Just put me throughB. I’ll try it my self.C. I’d rather notD. I’ll appreciate your help3. A: Now, it’s just work, work, work. I work hard all day, every day.B: Oh, come on._____________ .You’re making a good salary now.A. Don’t complain.B. Sorry to hear about itC. Anything I can do for you?D. What’s your plan?4. A: Pamela, can you come to a meeting on Friday?B: ________________Let me check my schedule. When are you having it?A. No bit deal.B. I am not sure￥C. Can I ?D. Sure thing?5. A: I am really getting fed up with the salespersons who keep calling.B: _______________A. I hope it is nothing seriousB. They are so stupid!C. So am I. It is so annoyingD. You are right. Forget it.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversions between a man and a woman. AtChoose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding ！better with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6. Man: I have figured it all out. It looks like it will take us about 5 hours to drive from here toChicago.Woman: It’d be more relaxing to take the train. But I guess we should watch our expenses.Question: What does the woman imply?A. She likes to drive when she travelsB. She doesn’t want to go to Chicago.^C. She doesn’t know the cost of the train trip.D. It’s cheaper to got to Chicago by car7. Man: How about the examination last week?Woman: If I’d got more time. I could have made it.Question: What does the woman imply?A. She was asked to take another examinationB. She failed the examination last weekC. She did quite well in the examination…D. She didn’t take the examination last week8. Man: Harvard or the State University, have you decided yet?Woman: Well, I’d rather be a big fish in a small pond.Question: Which university is the woman likely to choose?A. The State UniversityB. HarvardC. NeitherD. She hasn’t decided yet.~9. Man: I have just found a great location to open a new shop.Woman: But you haven’t researched the market. Don’t you think this putting the cart beforethe horse?Question: What does the woman mean?A. The man shouldn’t make the decision so quicklyB. It’s risky to choose such a locationC. The man is doing things in the wrong orderD. It’s possible for him to make a better choice；10. Woman: My results are a bit flattering because I have had quite a lot of luck. Man: Nonsense, you’re head and shoulders above the others in your group. Question: What does the man think is the reason for the woman’s success?A. She is really luckyB. She is far better than the othersC. She’s got the others’ supportD. She’s been working hardPart II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section ADirections: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined.[sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets onyour machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the party.A. desperatelyB. definitelyC. deliberatelyD. decisively12. There has been enough playing around so let’s get down to business.A. make a dealB. begin our workC. reach an agreementD. change our plan13. How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterday’s lunch into today’s muscle?;A. alterB. developC. modifyD. turn14. It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older.A. noticeB. watchC. followD. celebrate15. It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard or felt is merelyyour brain’s interpretation of incoming stimuli.A. explanationB. evaluationC. re cognitionD. interruption16. Life is more important than the pressures and stress that we place on ourselves over work andother commitments.…A. appointmentsB. arrangementsC. obligationsD. devotions17. If you continue to indulge in computer games like this, you future will be at stake.A. in dangerB. without questionC. on guardD. at large18. Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, oftenwith a happy ending.A. in contrast toB. in regard toC. in terms ofD. in light of19. Most people would agree that, although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge,there has been no correlative increase in wisdom.@A. improvesB. precedesC. imposesD. exceeds20. Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on thebasis of earning potential.A. offensiveB. depressiveC. troublesomeD. tiresomeSection BDirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoringANSERS SHEET.·21. My oldest son had just finished an _________ holiday stay prior to moving toa new State, anew job, and the next chapter in his life.A. enlargedB. expandedC. extendedD. increased22. Blacks and American Indians __________ less than 10% of students in the top 30 businessschools, while they are about 28% of the U.S. population.A. make upB. take upC. reach outD. turn out23. With demand continuing to rise in _____ economies such as China and India, energy tradersbelieve that oil futures are a good bet.|A. employingB. emergingC. embracingD. emitting24. Laws and regulations in each country have to be made ___________ the constitution of thecountry.A. in honor ofB. in memory ofC. in return forD. in line with25. The jury’s ________ was that the accused was guiltyA. verdictB. sentenceC. trialD. debate26. In English learning, a __________ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after beingscolded.[A. verticalB. viciousC. vividD. vigorous27. Isn’t it ___________ when you learn something you’ve never known before?A. coolB. crazyC. coldD. cute28. There are several factors ___________ the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly inconsumer markets.A. resorting toB. appealing toC. applying toD. contributing to29. The Internet has been developing at a speed ___________ people’s expectations in the pasttwo decades.|A. overB. ofC. underD. beyond30. It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs; they have becomeprofessionally __________________.A. laid offB. laid outC. put offD. put outPartⅢ Reading Comprehension (45minutes, 30point)Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the，square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneLoneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it canalso spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness.And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same.Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also growlike infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in theAmerican town of Framingham, Massachusetts.】The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests havebeen added, including measures of loneliness and depression.The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness.The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends. For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The lonelinessspreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also foundthat loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.】Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, SanDiego, did the study .The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and SocialPsychology.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. Thestudy found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days .But every additional friend candecrease loneliness by about 5%,or two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others .This makes it more and more difficultfor them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject them.|John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study .He says it is important torecognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of societyshould receive help to repair their social networks.The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier” againstloneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.31. Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people?A. FriendshipB. HappinessC. DepressionD. Smoking32. The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948 ________________~A. expanded its research topicsB. involved 5,000 patients of depressionC. identified loneliness as one key factor for heart diseaseD. examined the relationship between loneliness and depression33. Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness?A. It leads to a gradual loss of friendsB. It is a common phenomenon among womenC. it is often found in the neighborhood}D. it ruins the relationships between close friends34. Having a lonely friend, you are more likely to_________________A. strengthen your friendshipB. develop new friendshipC. increase the sense of lonelinessD. reduce the sense of loneliness35. According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago, loneliness can_____________A. result in aggressiveness%B. cause people to be overprotectiveC. infect social networksD. push people to the verge of poverty36. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Loneliness can spreadB. Loneliness is linked to depressionC. Lonely people tend to grow fatD. Lonely people need more friends—Passage TwoCalifornia has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. “Starting this fall withhigh school math and science .we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state–approve d list of digital textbooks.” That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June, talkingabout his effort to get schools to use materials available free online .He listed reasons why hethinks digital textbooks make sense.California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digital one can offer the latestinformation. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and trees, and make learning|more fun and interactive .And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems.More than six million students attend California public schools.Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and sciencematerials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90%of the state’s learning requirements.Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation, a nonprofit group that had beendeveloping digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and~other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed bythe Khosla Family.California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts willhave to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expectwidespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be thefirst to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books.School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to&access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, butthat would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digitaltextbooks effectively.37. The Digital Textbook Initiative _______________A. will probably take effect in six yearsB. covers all the high school subjectsC. has been approved by all statesD. is advocated by California state governor^38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to ______________A. help save moneyB. benefit the environmentC. provide interesting materialsD. reduce students’ heavy burden39. The digital textbooks were approved by ___________________A. trained teachersB. content developersC. Khosla FamilyD. CK12 Foundation{40. What is true of CK12 Foundation?A. It produced 16 digital textbooksB. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.C. It is financed by California state government.D. It makes money through developing digital textbooks.41. According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks __________________A. are not likely to have a widespread useB. will soon replace traditional ones…C, will first be adopted by well-equipped schoolsD.are certain to be approved by school districts2011年同等学力英语考试历年真题及参考答案Part One (90 minutes)Part 1 Dialogue communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Section A Dialogue completion1. A: David said he bought a new BMW for $5,000!B: _____. Sounds pretty cheap to me!}A: Well, that’s what he said.A.Are you sure?e to think of it.C.Do you think so?D.Is he crazy?2. A: We just came back from Phoenix. And we had the best vacation in years.B: ____. I’m glad to hear it.A.Oh, my goodness!B.#C.How was it?D.Oh, there you go again.E.Good for you.3. A: I just can’t stand this class anymore?B: ____. It’s required, and you have to sit in it in order to graduate.A.Well, why not just drop out of it?B.Why, you can say that again!C.Well, you might as well get used to it.D.!E.Why, I couldn’t agree more!4. A: I don’t know about you, but I thought that film was terrific.B: ____. The action was great, and so was the music.A.Just the same.B.I’m with you there.C.More or less.D.I sure do.5. A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas.￥B: You know what they say, ____.A.there’s no free lunchB.don’t bite off more than you can chewC.one good turn deserves anotherD.it’s who you know that countsSection B Dialogue Comprehension6. Woman: I’d rather not talk about it. Just don’t ask.Man: Come on. I think you need to let off some steam.,Question: What does the man advise the woman to do?A.To talk to him about the problem.B.To keep the secret.C.To reduce the workload.D.To have a good rest.7. Woman: Julie’s dress looks funny. That style went out last year.Man: Oh, come on, as long as it looks good on her.Question: What does the man try to emphasize?A.,B.Julie’s dress is not outdate d.C.Julie’s dress does not suit her.D.Julie should follow the fashion.E.Julie looks fine in that dress.8. Man: What kind of snacks do you prefer?Woman: Oh, I’ve got a sweet tooth, you know.Question: What does the woman probably like?A.Sandwich.B.\C.Hot dogs.D.Ice cream.E.Potato chips.9. Woman: I’m tired of driving all the way to work and back every day. If only cars could drive themselves!Man: Well, some car manufactures are working on them. I guess you’ll soon buy one if you can afford it.Question: What does the man imply?A.The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car.B.Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.C.：D.He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.E.Driving to work is really a headache.10. Man: Annie, how does it not even cross your mind that you might want a future with someone?Woman: It’s simple. I don’t mind being married to my career.Question: What’s Annie’s attitude towards her future?A.She will stay with someone unmarried.B.She will live a simple life.C.She will quit her job to get married.D.：E.She will fully focus on her job.Part II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section A11. The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.A.neglectedB.foresawC.exploredD.assessed》12. Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.A.remindedB.expectedpelledD.requested13. Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.A.creativityB.popularityC.、D.feasibilityE.flexibility14. We suspect there is a quire deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.A.consciousB.desperateC.clumsyD.intentional15. So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.A./B.justC.hardlyD.almostE.definitely16. Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.A.constrainedB.caughtC.concealedD.:E.concentrated17. Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work.A.poisonousB.difficultC.dangerousD.harmful18. Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion.A.preciselyB.@C.merelyD.substantiallyE.approximately19. The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.A.factorB.constituentC.barrierD.break《20. Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.A.count onB.benefit fromC.stand forD.stick toSection B21. It ____ without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower.A.takesB.|C.appearsD.makesE.goes22. The world economic recession put an ____ end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.A.irregularB.illegalC.abruptD.absurd"23. I’m ____ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it.A.mysteriousB.furiousC.seriousD.curious24. The Labor Party’s electoral strategy, based on an ____ with other smaller parties, has proved successful.A.acquaintanceB.integrationC.<D.allianceE.intimacy25. The new aircraft will be ____ to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.A.suspendedB.suppressedC.summonedD.subjected26. The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful ____ to my ordinary income.A."B.profitC.supplementD.subsidyE.replacement27. Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining ____ of tooth decay.A.treatmentB.incidenceC.consequenceD.#E.misfortune28. Many countries have conversation programs to prevent certain ____ of fish from becoming extinct.A.speciesB.sourcesC.numbersD.members29. Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by ____ useful tips from TV cookery programs.A.picking upB.}C.bringing upD.putting upE.pulling up30. The President _____ his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.A.promotedB.substitutedC.authorizedD.displaced>Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each)Passage OneUntil last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the school’s busing company redrew its route map, eliminating Nia’s bus altogether. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a “walking school bus”—a group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the walk together.Like the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costs—and finding new way to adapt. The price of diesel fuel has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For the typical American school district, bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As administrators look to trim, busing is an inviting target, since it doesn’t affect classroom instruction (or test scores). More than one third of American school administrators have eliminated bus stops or routes in order to stay within budget.Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to a 1969 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, compared with only 16 percent in 2001. Modern parents have beenunwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished.Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to eliminate extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling. They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes, which aren’t always the shortest ones.There could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, it’s an environmental win—but if too many of their parents decide to drive then instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks: A 2002 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really big hill.31. The “walking school bus” _____.~A． does not consume fuelB． aims to keep children fitC． seldom causes traffic jamsD． is popular with school kids32. In America the responsibility for busing kids to school lies with ____.A． individual schoolsB． school districtsC． teacher！D． parents33. As regards walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned with the _____.A． time spent on the wayB． changes in the routeC．kid’s physical strengthD． safety of their children34. To save money, some schools choose to _____.A． take the shortest routes)B． shorten the school weekC． give drives better trainingD． use fuel efficient buses35. Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to _____.A． fierce competition among bus companiesB． more students taking public transportationC． an increase in carbon dioxide emissionsD． a decrease in the safety of school buses%36. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards busing cutbacks?A． FavorableB． CriticalC． ObjectiveD． IndifferentPassage TwoPeople are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expects to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity （长寿）of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then – the gap is growing.A number of reasons have been proposed to accounts for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).~Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.Some researchers have suggested that men may die early because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian (哺乳动物的) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages（流产）. In human, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.37. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A．Men’s lifespan remains almost unchanged.B． Researchers have found the cause of the age gapC． The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.·D． The age gap was noticed only recently.38. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to women’s longer lifespan are ____.A． diseases and road accidentsB． industrialization and work strainsC． their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcoholD．their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure39. According to Paragraph3, which of the following statements is true?A． The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap..B． The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.C． Female workers are more likely to smoke than make workers.D．Smoking does not seem to affect women’s longevity.40. Which of the following phenomena makes researchers puzzled?A．Men’s health is more closely related to their emotions.B． Though more liable to illnesses, women still live longer.C． Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill.D． Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.？41. The word “edge” in Paragraph 6 means “_____”.A． marginB． sideC． advantageD． quality42. What is the main idea of the passage?A． The greater longevity of women remains a mystery.B． That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.&C． People are living longer as a result of industrialization.D． Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.Passage ThreeMany are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature.Fortunately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers to better identify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants.Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor (传感器) networks by making them difficult and。