计算机编程英语词汇

PHP100整理提供（计算机编程英语词汇）2008年9月算法常用术语中英对照Data Structures基本数据结构Dictionaries字典Priority Queues堆Graph Data Structures图Set Data Structures集合Kd-Trees线段树Numerical Problems数值问题Solving Linear Equations线性方程组Bandwidth Reduction带宽压缩Matrix Multiplication矩阵乘法Determinants and Permanents行列式Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization最值问题Linear Programming线性规划Random Number Generation随机数生成Factoring and Primality Testing因子分解/质数判定Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic高精度计算Knapsack Problem背包问题Discrete Fourier Transform离散Fourier变换Combinatorial Problems组合问题Sorting排序Searching查找Median and Selection中位数Generating Permutations排列生成Generating Subsets子集生成Generating Partitions划分生成Generating Graphs图的生成Calendrical Calculations日期Job Scheduling工程安排Satisfiability可满足性Graph Problems--polynomial图论-多项式算法Connected Components连通分支Topological Sorting拓扑排序Minimum Spanning Tree最小生成树Shortest Path最短路径Transitive Closure and Reduction传递闭包Matching匹配Eulerian Cycle/Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路Edge and Vertex Connectivity割边/割点Network Flow网络流Drawing Graphs Nicely图的描绘Drawing Trees树的描绘Planarity Detection and Embedding平面性检测和嵌入Graph Problems--hard图论-NP问题Clique最大团Independent Set独立集Vertex Cover点覆盖Traveling Salesman Problem旅行商问题Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton回路Graph Partition图的划分Vertex Coloring点染色Edge Coloring边染色Graph Isomorphism同构Steiner Tree Steiner树Feedback Edge/Vertex Set最大无环子图Computational Geometry计算几何Convex Hull凸包Triangulation三角剖分Voronoi Diagrams Voronoi图Nearest Neighbor Search最近点对查询Range Search范围查询Point Location位置查询Intersection Detection碰撞测试Bin Packing装箱问题Medial-Axis Transformation中轴变换Polygon Partitioning多边形分割Simplifying Polygons多边形化简Shape Similarity相似多边形Motion Planning运动规划Maintaining Line Arrangements平面分割Minkowski Sum Minkowski和Set and String Problems集合与串的问题Set Cover集合覆盖Set Packing集合配置String Matching模式匹配Approximate String Matching模糊匹配Text Compression压缩Cryptography密码Finite State Machine Minimization有穷自动机简化Longest Common Substring最长公共子串Shortest Common Superstring最短公共父串DP——Dynamic Programming——动态规划recursion——递归编程词汇A2A integration A2A整合abstract抽象的abstract base class(ABC)抽象基类abstract class抽象类abstraction抽象、抽象物、抽象性access存取、访问access level访问级别access function访问函数account账户action动作activate激活active活动的actual parameter实参adapter适配器add-in插件address地址address space地址空间address-of operator取地址操作符ADL(argument-dependent lookup)ADO(ActiveX Data Object)ActiveX数据对象advanced高级的aggregation聚合、聚集algorithm算法alias别名align排列、对齐allocate分配、配置allocator分配器、配置器angle bracket尖括号annotation注解、评注API(Application Programming Interface)应用(程序)编程接口app domain(application domain)应用域application应用、应用程序application framework应用程序框架appearance外观append附加architecture架构、体系结构archive file归档文件、存档文件argument引数(传给函式的值)。

参见parameterarray数组arrow operator箭头操作符ASP(Active Server Page)活动服务器页面 worker process 工作者进程assembly装配件、配件assembly language汇编语言assembly manifest装配件清单assert(ion)断言assign赋值assignment赋值、分配assignment operator赋值操作符associated相关的、相关联的associative container关联式容器(对应sequential container) asynchronous异步的atomic原子的atomic operation原子操作attribute特性、属性authentication service验证服务authorization授权audio音频A.I.人工智能B2B integration B2B整合、B2B集成(business-to-business integration) background背景、后台(进程)backward compatible向后兼容、向下兼容backup备份backup device备份设备backup file备份文件bandwidth带宽base class基类base type基类型batch批处理BCL(base class library)基类库binary二进制binary search二分查找binary tree二叉树binary function双参函数binary large object二进制大对象binary operator二元操作符binding绑定bit位bitmap位图bitwise按位...bitwise copy为单元进行复制；位元逐一复制,按位拷bitwise operation按位运算block块、区块、语句块bookkeeping簿记boolean布林值(真假值，true或false)border边框bounds checking边界检查boxing装箱、装箱转换brace(curly brace)大括号、花括号bracket(square brakcet)中括号、方括号breakpoint断点browser applications浏览器应用(程序)browser-accessible application可经由浏览器访问的应用程序build编连(专指编译和连接built-in内建、内置bus总线business业务、商务(看场合)business Logic业务逻辑business rules业务规则buttons按钮bug臭虫by/through通过byte位元组(由8bits组成)cache高速缓存calendar日历call调用callback回调call-level interface(CLI)调用级接口(CLI)call operator调用操作符candidate key候选键(for database)cascading delete级联删除(for database)cascading update级联更新(for database)casting转型、造型转换catalog目录chain链(function calls)character字符character format字符格式character set字符集CHECK constraints CHECK约束(for database)checkpoint检查点(for database)check box复选框check button复选按钮child class子类CIL(common intermediate language)通用中间语言、通用中介语言class类class declaration类声明class definition类定义class derivation list类继承列表class factory类厂class hierarchy类层次结构class library类库class loader类装载器class template类模板class template partial specializations类模板部分特化class template specializations类模板特化classification分类clause子句client application客户端应用程序client cursor客户端游标(for database)code page代码页cleanup清理、清除CLI(Common Language Infrastructure)通用语言基础设施client客户、客户端client area客户区client-server客户机/服务器、客户端/服务器clipboard剪贴板clone克隆CLS(common language specification)通用语言规范code access security代码访问安全COFF(Common Object File Format)通用对象文件格式collection集合COM(Component Object Model)组件对象模型combo box组合框command line命令行comment注释commit提交(for database)communication通讯compatible兼容compile time编译期、编译时compiler编译器component组件composite index复合索引、组合索引(for database) composite key复合键、组合键(for database) composition复合、组合concept概念concrete具体的concrete class具体类concurrency并发、并发机制constraint约束(for database)configuration配置、组态connection连接(for database)connection pooling连接池console控制台constant常量construct构件、成分、概念、构造（for language）constructor(ctor)构造函数、构造器container容器containment包容context环境、上下文control控件cookie(不译)copy拷贝CORBA通用对象请求中介架构(Common Object Request Broker Architecture) cover覆盖、涵盖create/creation创建、生成crosstab query交叉表查询(for database)CRTP(curiously recurring template pattern)CTS(common type system)通用类型系统cube多维数据集(for database)cursor光标cursor游标(for database)custom定制、自定义data数据data connection数据连接(for database)Data Control Language(DCL)数据控制语言(DCL)(for database)Data Definition Language(DDL)数据定义语言(DDL)(for database)data dictionary数据字典(for database)data dictionary view数据字典视图(for database)data file数据文件(for database)data integrity数据完整性(for database)data manipulation language(DML)数据操作语言(DML)(for database)data mart数据集市(for database)data pump数据抽取(for database)data scrubbing数据清理(for database)data source数据源(for database)Data source name(DSN)数据源名称(DSN)(for database)data warehouse数据仓库(for database)dataset数据集(for database)database数据库(for database)database catalog数据库目录(for database)database diagram数据关系图(for database)database file数据库文件(for database)database object数据库对象(for database)database owner数据库所有者(for database)database project数据库工程(for database)database role数据库角色(for database)database schema数据库模式、数据库架构(for database)database script数据库脚本(for database)data-bound数据绑定(for database)data-aware control数据感知控件(for database)data member数据成员、成员变量dataset数据集(for database)data source数据源(for database)data structure数据结构data table数据表(for database)datagram数据报文DBMS(database management system)数据库管理系统(for database) DCOM(distributed COM)分布式COMdead lock死锁(for database)deallocate归还debug调试debugger调试器decay退化decision support决策支持declaration声明declarative referential integrity(DRI)声明引用完整性(DRI)(for database) deduction推导DEFAULT constraint默认约束(for database)default database默认数据库(for database)default instance默认实例(for database)default result set默认结果集(for database)default缺省、默认值defer推迟definition定义delegate委托delegation委托dependent namedeploy部署dereference解引用dereference operator(提领)运算子derived class派生类design by contract契约式设计design pattern设计模式destroy销毁destructor(dtor)析构函数、析构器device设备DHTML(dynamic HyperText Markup Language)动态超文本标记语言dialog对话框digest摘要digital数字的DIME(Direct Internet Message Encapsulation)直接Internet消息封装directive(编译)指示符directory目录dirty pages脏页(for database)dirty read脏读(for database)disassembler反汇编器DISCO(Discovery of Web Services)Web Services的查找disk盘dispatch调度、分派、派发（我喜欢“调度”）DISPID(Dispatch Identifier)分派标识符distributed computing分布式计算distributed query分布式查询(for database)DNA(Distributed interNet Application)分布式网间应用程序document文档DOM(Document Object Model)文档对象模型dot operator(圆)点操作符driver驱动(程序)DTD(document type definition)文档类型定义double-byte character set(DBCS)双字节字符集(DBCS)dump转储dump file转储文件dynamic cursor动态游标(for database)dynamic filter动态筛选(for database)dynamic locking动态锁定(for database)dynamic recovery动态恢复(for database)dynamic snapshot动态快照(for database)dynamic SQL statements动态SQL语句(for database) dynamic assembly动态装配件、动态配件dynamic binding动态绑定EAI(enterprise application integration)企业应用程序集成(整合) EBCO(empty base class optimization)空基类优化（机制）e-business电子商务EDI(Dlectronic Data Interchange)电子数据交换efficiency效率efficient高效end-to-end authentication端对端身份验证end user最终用户engine引擎entity实体encapsulation封装enclosing class外围类别(与巢状类别nested class有关) enum(enumeration)枚举enumerators枚举成员、枚举器equal相等equality相等性equality operator等号操作符error log错误日志(for database)escape code转义码escape character转义符、转义字符exclusive lock排它锁(for database) explicit transaction显式事务(for database) evaluate评估event事件event driven事件驱动的event handler事件处理器evidence证据exception异常exception declaration异常声明exception handling异常处理、异常处理机制exception-safe异常安全的exception specification异常规范exit退出explicit显式explicit specialization显式特化export导出expression表达式facility设施、设备fat client胖客户端feature特性、特征fetch提取field字段(java)field字段(for database)field length字段长度(for database)file文件filter筛选(for database)finalization终结firewall防火墙finalizer终结器firmware固件flag标记flash memory闪存flush刷新font字体foreign key(FK)外键(FK)(for database)form窗体formal parameter形参forward declaration前置声明forward-only只向前的forward-only cursor只向前游标(for database) fragmentation碎片(for database) framework框架full specialization完全特化function函数function call operator(即operator())函数调用操作符function object函数对象function overloaded resolution函数重载决议functionality功能function template函数模板functor仿函数GAC(global assembly cache)全局装配件缓存、全局配件缓存GC(Garbage collection)垃圾回收(机制)、垃圾收集(机制) game游戏generate生成generic泛化的、一般化的、通用的generic algorithm通用算法genericity泛型getter(相对于setter)取值函数global全局的global object全局对象global scope resolution operator全局范围解析操作符grant授权(for database)granularity粒度group组、群group box分组框GUI图形界面GUID(Globally Unique Identifier)全球唯一标识符hand shaking握手handle句柄handler处理器hard-coded硬编码的hard-copy截屏图hard disk硬盘hardware硬件hash table散列表、哈希表header file头文件heap堆help file帮助文件hierarchy层次结构、继承体系hierarchical data阶层式数据、层次式数据hook钩子Host(application)宿主(应用程序)hot key热键hyperlink超链接HTML(HyperText Markup Language)超文本标记语言HTTP pipeline HTTP管道HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol)超文本传输协议icon图标IDE(Integrated Development Environment)集成开发环境IDL(Interface Definition Language)接口定义语言identifier标识符idle time空闲时间if and only if当且仅当IL(Intermediate Language)中间语言、中介语言image图象IME输入法immediate base直接基类immediate derived直接派生类immediate updating即时更新(for database)implicit transaction隐式事务(for database) incremental update增量更新(for database)index索引(for database)implement实现implementation实现、实现品implicit隐式import导入increment operator增加操作符infinite loop无限循环infinite recursive无限递归information信息infrastructure基础设施inheritance继承、继承机制inline内联inline expansion内联展开initialization初始化initialization list初始化列表、初始值列表initialize初始化inner join内联接(for database)in-place active现场激活instance实例instantiated具现化、实体化(常应用于template) instantiation具现体、具现化实体(常应用于template) integrate集成、整合integrity完整性、一致性integrity constraint完整性约束(for database) interprocess communication(IPC)进程间通讯(IPC) interacts交互interface接口for GUI界面interoperability互操作性、互操作能力interpreter解释器introspection自省invariants不变性invoke调用isolation level隔离级别(for database)iterate迭代iterative反复的、迭代的iterator迭代器iteration迭代(回圈每次轮回称为一个iteration) item项、条款、项目JIT compilation JIT编译即时编译key键(for database)key column键列(for database)laser激光late binding迟绑定left outer join左向外联接(for database)level阶、层例high level高阶、高层library库lifetime生命期、寿命link连接、链接linkage连接、链接linker连接器、链接器literal constant字面常数list列表、表、链表list box列表框livelock活锁(for database)load装载、加载load balancing负载平衡loader装载器、载入器local局部的local object局部对象lock锁log日志login登录login security mode登录安全模式(for database) lookup table查找表(for database)loop循环loose coupling松散耦合lvalue左值machine code机器码、机器代码macro宏maintain维护managed code受控代码、托管代码Managed Extensions受控扩充件、托管扩展managed object受控对象、托管对象mangled namemanifest清单manipulator操纵器(iostream预先定义的一种东西)many-to-many relationship多对多关系(for database)many-to-one relationship多对一关系(for database)marshal列集member成员member access operator成员取用运算子(有dot和arrow两种) member function成员函数member initialization list成员初始值列表memberwise以member为单元…、members逐一…memberwise copymemory内存memory leak内存泄漏menu菜单message消息message based基于消息的message loop消息环message queuing消息队列metadata元数据metaprogramming元编程method方法micro微middleware中间件middle tier中间层modeling建模modeling language建模语言modifier修饰字、修饰符modem调制解调器module模块most derived class最底层的派生类mouse鼠标mutable可变的mutex互斥元、互斥体multidimensional OLAP(MOLAP)多维OLAP(MOLAP)(for database) multithreaded server application多线程服务器应用程序multiuser多用户multi-tasking多任务multi-thread多线程multicast delegate组播委托、多点委托named parameter命名参数named pipe命名管道namespace名字空间、命名空间native原生的、本地的native code本地码、本机码Native Image Generator(NGEN)本地映像生成器nested class嵌套类nested query嵌套查询(for database)nested table嵌套表(for database)network网络network card网卡nondependent nameobject对象object based基于对象的object file目标文件object model对象模型object oriented面向对象的object pooling对象池化ODBC data source ODBC数据源(for database)ODBC driver ODBC驱动程序(for database)ODR(one-definition rule)OLE Automation objects OLE自动化对象(for database)OLE Automation server OLE自动化服务器(for database)OLE DB consumer OLE DB使用者(for database)OLE DB for OLAP用于OLAP的OLE DB(for database)OLE DB provider OLE DB提供者(for database)one-to-many relationship一对多关系(for database)one-to-one relationship一对一关系(for database)online analytical processing(OLAP)联机分析处理(OLAP)(for database) online redo log联机重做日志(for database)online transaction processing(OLTP)联机事务处理(OLTP)(for database) Open Data Services(ODS)开放式数据服务(ODS)(for database)Open Database Connectivity(ODBC)开放式数据库连接(ODBC)(for database) operand操作数operating system(OS)操作系统operation操作operator操作符、运算符option选项optimizer优化器outer join外联接(for database)overflow上限溢位(相对于underflow)overhead额外开销overload重载overload resolution重载决议overloaded function重载的函数overloaded operator被重载的操作符override覆写、重载、重新定义package包packaging打包palette调色板parallel并行parameter参数、形式参数、形参parameter list参数列表parameterize参数化parent class父类parentheses圆括弧、圆括号parse解析parser解析器part零件、部件partial specialization局部特化pass by address传址(函式引数的传递方式)(非正式用语) pass by reference传地址、按引用传递pass by value按值传递pattern模式PDA(personal digital assistant)个人数字助理PE(Portable Executable)file可移植可执行文件performance性能persistence持久性PInvoke(platform invoke service)平台调用服务pixel像素placement deleteplacement newplaceholder占位符platform平台POD(plain old data(type))POI(point of instantiation)pointer指针poll轮询pooling池化polymorphism多态pop up弹出式port端口postfix后缀precedence优先序(通常用于运算子的优先执行次序) prefix前缀preprocessor预处理器primary key(PK)主键(PK)(for database)primary table主表(for database)primary template原始模板primitive type原始类型print打印printer打印机procedure过程procedural过程式的、过程化的process进程profile评测profiler效能(性能)评测器program程序programmer程序员programming编程、程序设计progress bar进度指示器project项目、工程property属性protocol协议pseudo code伪码qualified经过资格修饰(例如加上scope运算子) qualified namequalifier修饰符quality质量queue队列race condition竞争条件（多线程环境常用语）radian弧度radio button单选按钮raise引发(常用来表示发出一个exception) random number随机数range范围、区间rank等级raw未经处理的readOnly只读record记录(for database)recordset记录集(for databaserecursive递归re-direction重定向refactoring重构refer引用、参考reference引用、参考reference counting引用计数referential integrity(RI)引用完整性(RI)(for database) register寄存器reflection反射refresh data刷新数据(for database)regular expression正则表达式relational database关系数据库remote远程remote request远程请求represent表述，表现resolve解析、决议resolution解析过程result set结果集(for database)retrieve data检索数据return返回return type返回类型return value返回值right outer join右向外联接(for database)revoke撤销robust健壮robustness健壮性roll back回滚(for database)roll forward前滚(for database)routine例程row行(for database)row lock行锁(for database)rowset行集(for database)RPC(remote procedure call)RPC(远程过程调用) runtime执行期、运行期、执行时、运行时rvalue右值save保存savepoint保存点(for database)SAX(Simple API for XML)scalable可伸缩的、可扩展的schedule调度scheduler调度程序schema模式、纲目结构scroll bar滚动条scope作用域、生存空间scope operator生存空间操作符scope resolution operator生存空间解析操作符screen屏幕SDK(Software Development Kit)软件开发包sealed class密封类search查找semantics语义semaphore信号量sequential container序列式容器server服务器、服务端serial串行serialization/serialize序列化server cursor服务端游标、服务器游标(for database) session会话(for database)setter设值函数shared lock共享锁(for database)sibling同级side effect副作用signature签名single-threaded单线程slider滑块slot槽smart pointer智能指针SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)简单邮件传输协议snapshot截屏图snapshot快照(for database)specialization特化specification规范、规格splitter切分窗口SOAP(simple object access protocol)简单对象访问协议software软件source code源码、源代码SQL(Structured Query Language)结构化查询语言(for database) stack栈、堆栈stack unwinding叠辗转开解(此词用于exception主题) standard library标准库standard template library标准模板库stateless无状态的statement语句、声明static cursor静态游标(for database)static SQL statements静态SQL语句(for database)stored procedure存储过程(for database)status bar状态条stream流string字符串stub存根subobject子对象subquery子查询(for database)subroutine子例程subscript operator下标操作符subset子集subtype子类型support支持suspend挂起symbol记号syntax语法system databases系统数据库(for database)system tables系统表(for database)table表(for database)table lock表锁(for database)table-level constraint表级约束(for database)tape backup磁带备份(for database)target标的,目标task switch工作切换TCP(Transport Control Protocol)传输控制协议template模板template-idtemplate argument deduction模板参数推导template explicit specialization模板显式特化template parameter模板参数template template parametertemporary object临时对象temporary table临时表(for database)text文本text file文本文件thin client瘦客户端third-party第三方thread线程thread-safe线程安全的throw抛出、引发(常指发出一个exception)token符号、标记、令牌（看场合）trace跟踪transaction事务(for database)transaction log事务日志(for database)transaction rollback事务回滚(for database)transactional replication事务复制(for database)translation unit翻译单元traverse遍历trigger触发器(for database)two-phase commit两阶段提交(for database)tupletwo-phase lookup两阶段查找type类型UDDI(Universary Description,Discovery and Integration)统一描述、查询与集成UML(unified modeling language)统一建模语言unary function单参函数unary operator一元操作符unboxing拆箱、拆箱转换underflow下限溢位(相对于overflow)Union query联合查询(for database)UNIQUE constraints UNIQUE约束(for database)unique index唯一索引(for database)unmanaged code非受控代码、非托管代码unmarshal散集unqualified未经限定的、未经修饰的URI(Uniform Resource identifier)统一资源标识符URL(Uniform Resource Locator)统一资源定位器user用户user interface用户界面value types值类型variable变量vector向量(一种容器，有点类似array)viable可行的video视频view视图VEE(Virtual Execution Engine)虚拟执行引擎vendor厂商view视图(for database)virtual function虚函数virtual machine虚拟机virtual memory虚拟内存vowel元音字母Web Services web服务WHERE clause WHERE子句(for database)wildcard characters通配符字符(for database)wildcard search通配符搜索(for database)window窗口window function窗口函数window procedure窗口过程Windows authentication Windows身份验证wizard向导word单词word processor字处理器wrapper包装、包装器write enable写启用(for database)write-ahead log预写日志(for database)write-only只写WSDL(Web Service Description Language)Web Service描述语言XML Message Interface(XMI)XML消息接口XML(eXtensible Markup Language)可扩展标记语言XSD(XML Schema Definition)XML模式定义语言XSL(eXtensible Stylesheet Language)可扩展样式表语言XSLT(eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformation)可扩展样式表语言转换xxx based基于xxx的xxx oriented面向xxx。