BA232-10中文资料
MAX232中文资料
RS252 接C2+ 8 Cl* >n ci * Tl wit Tliw:上］m Rloat T2«it T2in R2inQV+ § v-1宁］OuF3 |11 EDA_TXD 12 EDA10 MCU^TXD 9 MC7_RXD £Cl I1DGKD• JCh1、* 2旦Cl 3 AMXlAd14C2+ 4C2-V- ''b20UIR?IN 8―-JVccGNDr i<-uiminWldUlTinT2NMAX232资料简介MAX232芯片是美信公司专门为电脑的RS-232标准串口设计的单电源电平转换芯片，使用 +5v 单电源供电。
一、 引脚介绍：第一部分：是电荷泵电路。
由1、2、3、4、5、6脚和4只电容构成。
功能是产生 +12v 和-12v 两个电源，提供给 RS-232 串口电平的需要。
第二部分：是数据转换通道。
由7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14脚构成两个数据通道。
其中13脚(R1IN)、12脚(R1OUT)、11 脚(T1IN)、14 脚(T1OUT)为第一数据通道。
8 脚(R2IN)、9 脚(R2OUT)、10 脚(T2IN)、7 脚(T2OUT)为第二数据通道。
TTL/CMOS 数据从T1IN 、T2IN 输入转换成 RS-232数据从T1OUT 、T2OUT 送到电脑 DB9插头；DB9插头的RS-232 数据从R1IN 、R2IN输入转换成 TTL/CMOS 数据后从 R1OUT 、R2OUT 输出。
第三部分：是供电。
15脚GND 、16脚VCC(+5v)。
二、 主要特点：1、 符合所有的RS-232C 技术标准2、 只需要单一 +5V 电源供电3、 片载电荷泵具有升压、电压极性反转能力，能够产生 +10V 和-10V 电压V+、V-4、 功耗低，典型供电电流 5mA5、 内部集成2个RS-232C 驱动器6、 内部集成两个 RS-232C 接收器下图为 MX232双串口的连接图，可以分别接单片机的串行通信口或者实验板的其它 串行通信接口 ：Coimtcl To EDA CoreV5.0C13Connect To At 灿袅」三、max232应用电路，注意电容接法。
RS-232中文资料
Revision HistoryRevision Description Date1.4 •Add Windows CE .NET support feature August 29, 2002August 01, 20021.3 •Buffer for upstream and downstream data flow –change from 96 to 256 bytesJuly 03, 20021.2 •For Chip Version H (date code 0206)•Add OS Support in Features Section•Correct default values in Table 5. DeviceConfiguration Register•Add Suspend Current in DC Characteristics Section•Move Operating Temperature in DC Characteristicsto new sectionPL-2303 USB to Serial RS232 Bridge ControllerFeaturesFull compliance with the USB Specification v1.1 and USB CDC v1.1 Support the RS232 Serial interface Support automatic handshake modeSupport Remote wake-up and power management256 bytes buffer each for upstream and downstream data flow Support default ROM or external EEPROM for device configuration On chip USB transceiverOn chip crystal oscillator running at 12M HzSupports Windows 98/SE, ME, 2000, XP , Windows CE3.0, CE .NET, Linux, and Mac OS 28 Pins SOIC packageOSC228OSC12726PLL_TEST VDD_3V31716DM 15DPGND_3V318VDD_PLL LD_MODE GND_PLL GND VDD RESET 123121314112524232221201945678910TRI_MODE TXD DTR_N RTS_N VDD_232RXD RI_N GND VDD DSR_N DCD_N CTS_N SHTD_N EE_CLK EE_DATASSOP 28 PACKAGE(TOP VIEW)Block DiagramUSB TransceiverUSB SIEControl UnitRS-232 SERIAL INTERFACEEEPROM INTERFACEOSCILLATORREGISTER/ CONFIG/ STATUS/ CONTROLCLOCK SYNTHESIZEDOWN STREAM BUFFERUP STREAM BUFFERI2C BusSerial Port USB PortOverviewThe PL-2303 operates as a bridge between one USB port and one standard RS232 Serial port. The two large on-chip buffers accommodate data flow from two different buses. The USB bulk-type data is adopted for maximum data transfer. Automatic handshake is supported at the Serial port. With these, a much higher baud rate can be achieved compared to the legacy UART controller.This device is also compliant with USB power management and remote wakeup scheme. Only minimum power is consumed from the host during Suspend. By integrating all the function in a SOIC-28 package, this chip is suitable for cable embedding. Users just simply hook the cable into PC or hub’s USB port, and then they can connect to any RS-232 devices.Pin DescriptionTable 1. Pins DescriptionPinName Type DescriptionNo.1 TXD O Data output to Serial port2 DTR_N O Data Terminal Ready, active low3 RTS_N O Request To Send, active low4 VDD_232 P RS-232 VDD. The RS-232 output signals (Pin 1 ~ Pin 3) aredesigned for 5V, 3.3V or 3V operation. VDD_232 should beconnected to the same power level of the RS-232 interface.(The RS-232 input signals are always 5V~3V tolerant.)Note: This document version only provides 5V DC characteristicinformation. Refer to future revisions for updates.5 RXD I Data input from Serial Bus6 RI_N I Ring Indicator, active low7 GND P Ground8 VDD P Power9 DSR_N I Data Set Ready, active low10 DCD_N I Data Carrier Detect, active low11 CTS_N I Clear To Send, active low12 SHTD_N O Shut Down RS232 Transceiver13 EE_CLK I/O During Reset, this pin is input for simulation purpose. Duringnormal operation, this pin is Serial ROM clock14 EE_DATA I/O Serial ROM data signal15 DP I/O USB DPLUS signal16 DM I/O USB DMINUS signal17 VDD_3V3 P 3.3V power for USB transceiverground18 GND_3V3 P 3.3V19 RESET I SystemReset20 VDD P Power21 GND P GroundPinNo.Name Type Description22 TRI_STATE I Tri-StateThis pin is referred after reset.High: RS-232 output inactive during Suspend.Low: RS-232 output tri-state during Suspend.23 LD_MD/SHTD I/O LoadMode/SHTDThis pin is input during reset. Pull high with a 220K r esistor toindicate the heavy load USB device (500mA). Pull down with a220K r esistor to indicate the light load USB device 100mA).After reset, this pin becomes output. It output the inverse ofSHTD_N.24 VDD_PLL P 5V power for PLL25 GND_PLL P Ground for PLL26 PLL_TEST I PLL test mode control27 OSC1 I Crystal oscillator input28 OSC2 O Crystal oscillator outputType: I – Input signal O – Output signal I/O – Bi-directional signal P – Power/GroundSupported Data Formats and Programmable Baud Rate GeneratorThe PL2303 USB-to-RS232 bridge controller supports versatile data formats and has a programmable baud rate generator. The supported data formats are shown on Table 2. The programmable baud rate generator supports baud rates up to 1.2M bps as shown in Table 3.Table 2. Supported Data FormatsDescriptionStop bits 11.52Parity type NoneOddEvenMarkSpaceData bits 5, 6, 7, 8, or 16Table 3. Baud Rate SettingdwDTERate Baud Rate0012C000h 1228800000E1000h 92160000096000h 61440000070800h 46080000038400h 2304000001C200h 1152000000E100h 5760000009600h 3840000007080h 2880000004B00h 1920000003840h 1440000002580h 960000001C20h 7200000012C0h 480000000E10h 360000000960h 240000000708h 1800000004B0h 120000000258h 6000000012Ch 30000000096h 1500000004Bh 75External EEPROM and Device ConfigurationPL-2303 allows storing the configuration data in an external EEPROM. After reset, the first two bytes of EEPROM are checked. If the value is 067Bh, the EEPROM is valid and the contents of the EEPROM are loaded as the chip’s default parameters. Otherwise, the chip’s default setting is used. The content of EEPROM is shown in Table 4 below.The Device Configuration Register is used to control some vendor-specific functions. The meaning of each bit in Device Configuration Register is shown in Table 5. Reserved and unused pins always set to the default value.Table 4. EEPROM ContentBytes Name Description1:0 EECHK When the EEPROM is programmed, these two bytes is configured as 067B.After reset, they will be checked for the value. If matched, the followinginformation will be loaded as the default parameters.VendorIDUSB3:2 VIDIDProduct5:4 PID7:6 RN Release number (BCD)10:8 DCR Device Configuration RegisterTable 5. Device Configuration RegisterName Bits Definition Default 23 RESERVED Reserved 0Tri-state:22 TRI_OUT RS-232Output1: RS-232 output tri-state0: RS-232 output in output mode121 RW_MODE RemoteWakeupMode:0: When engages remote wakeup, the device issues disconnectsignal1: When engages remote wakeup, the device issues resumesignal20 WURX Enable Wake Up Trigger on RXD:0 – Disabled;1 – Enable Wake Up Trigger on RXD state changes.19 WUDSR Enable Wake Up Trigger on DSR:0 – Disabled;1 – Enable Wake Up Trigger on DSR state changes.118 WURI Enable Wake Up Trigger on RI:0 – Disabled;1 – Enable Wake Up Trigger on RI state changes.17 WUDCD Enable Wake Up Trigger on DCD:0 – Disabled;1 – Enable Wake Up Trigger on DCD state changes.16 WUCTS Enable Wake Up Trigger on CTS:0 – Disabled;1 – Enable Wake Up Trigger on CTS state changes.15 RESERVED Always set to one 114 RESERVED Always set to zero 013 RESERVED Always set to zero 0Inhibit:12 RW_INH RemoteWake1 – Inhibit the USB Remote Wakeup function0 – Enable the USB Remote Wakeup function11:6 RESERVED Always set to zero 0Method:5:4 RTSM RTSControl00b – RTS is controlled by ControlBitMap. Signal is active low;01 – RTS is controlled by ControlBitMap. Signal is active high;10 – Drive RTS active when Downstream Data Buffer is NOTEMPTY; otherwise Drive RTS inactive.11 – Drive RTS inactive when Downstream Data Buffer is NOTEMPTY; otherwise Drive RTS active.3:1 RESERVED Always set to zero 010 RSPDM RS-232 Transceiver Shut-Down Mode:1: Shut down the transceiver when USB SUSPEND is engaged0: Do not shut down the transceiver even when USB SUSPENDis engagedElectrical CharacteristicsAbsolute Maximum RatingsItem RatingsPower Supply Voltage -0.3 to 6.0 VInput Voltage -0.3 to VDD+0.3 VOutput Voltage -0.3 to VDD+0.3 VStorage Temperature -55 to 150 o CDC CharacteristicsParameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units Power Supply Current I DD 0.5 19 24 mA Input VoltageLow High V ILV IH--0.7* V DD----0.3* V DD--VVOutput VoltageLow High V OLV OH--3.5----0.4--VVSchmitt Trigger Threshold Voltage*1Negative going Positive going V t-V t+----1.101.87----VVOutput Voltage, 3.3V*2Low High V OLV OH--2.4----0.4--VVInput Leakage Current I L -1 -- 1 uA Tri-state Leakage Current I oz -10 -- 10 uA Input Capacitance C IN -- 3 -- Pf Output Capacitance C OUT -- 3 -- Pf Bi-directional Buffer Capacitance C BID -- 3 -- Pf Operating Voltage Range -- 4.75 5 5.25 V Suspend Current I SUS -- 400 490 uA*1. RS232 pins RXD_I, RI_I, DSR_I, DCD_I, CTS_I are 5V TTL Schmitt Trigger inputs.*2. RS232 pins TXD, DTR_N, RTS_N are 3.3V tri-state outputs.Temperature CharacteristicsParameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units Operating Temperature -- -40 -- 85 o C Junction Operation Temperature T J 0 25 115 o CUSB Transceiver CharacteristicsParameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units Rise and Fall Times:(10%―90%) (90%―10%) T RT F44881515nsnsCross Point V CR 1.3 -- 2.0 V Output Impedance R D 23 2833ohm High Level Output V OH 2.8 -- -- V Low Level Output V OL -- --0.7 V High Level Input V IH 2.0 -- -- V Low Level Input V IL -- --0.8 V •C L: 50pfClock CharacteristicsParameter Min Typ Max UnitsFrequency of Operation 11.976 12.000 12.024 MHzClock Period 83.1 83.3 83.5 nsDuty Cycle 45 50 55 %Package Dimensions (28-Pin SSOP)Millimeters InchSymbolMin Nom Max Min Nom Maxb 0.22 0.38 0.009 0.015E 7.40 7.80 8.20 0.291 0.307 0.323E1 5.00 5.30 5.60 0.197 0.209 0.220L 0.55 0.75 0.95 0.021 0.030 0.037R1 0.09 0.004D 9.9 10.2 10.5 0.390 0.402 0.413A 2.0 0.079e 0.65 0.0256L1 1.25 0.050A1 0.05 0.020A2 1.65 1.75 1.85 0.065 0.069 0.073Release Date: July, 2002ds_pl2303_v14PL-2303 Product Datasheet - 11 - Document Revision 1.3Outline Diagram0.25元器件交易网。
中英文国家对照表
中英文国家对照表相信大部分Aff跑的offer不仅仅局限于几个熟悉的国家，那当我们遇到不熟悉的国家和地区，或者想知道中文国家名称对应的英文名称，抑或反过来想知道英文国家名称对应的中文名称时，我们就需要到处查找与这有关的资料，这往往消耗掉了我们大量的时间和精力。
现在金橙子海外联属营销网用一个表格集成了大部分数据，包括全球所有国家和地区的中英文、国家代码、以及人口数据。
表格是基于ISO3166标准整理而来，一起来看看。
序号ISO英文名称中文名称人口数据(默认:万)人均GDPE-Packet1AD Andorra安道尔72AE United Arab Em.阿联酋927 3AF Afghanistan阿富汗3,3374AG Antigua andBarbuda安提瓜和巴布达95AI Anguilla安圭拉16AL Albania阿尔巴尼亚290 7AM Armenia亚美尼亚3038AN NetherlandsAntilles荷属安的列斯群岛189AO Angola安哥拉2,583 10AR Argentina阿根廷4,385 11AS American Samoa美属萨摩亚612AT Austria奥地利857序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet13AU Australia澳大利亚2,431Yes 14AW Aruba阿鲁巴群岛1015AZ Azerbaijan阿塞拜疆98716BA Bosnia波斯尼亚38017BB Barbados巴巴多斯2918BD Bangladesh孟加拉16,29119BE Belgium比利时1,13720BF Burkina Faso布基纳法索1,86321BG Bulgaria保加利亚71022BH Bahrain巴林14023BI Burundi布隆迪1,15524BJ Benin贝宁1,11725BL Saint Barthelemy 圣巴瑟米（法）26BM Bermuda百慕大627BN Brunei文莱4328BO Bolivia玻利维亚1,08929BQ Bonaire SintEustatius Saba荷兰加勒比区30BR Brazil巴西20,957 31BS Bahamas巴哈马3932BT Bhutan不丹7833BV Bouvet Island 布韦岛（挪）序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet34BW Botswana博茨瓦纳23035BY Belarus白俄罗斯94836BZ Belize伯利兹3737CA Canada加拿大3,629Yes38CC Cocos (Keeling)Islands科科斯群岛039CD The DemocraticRepublic of theCongo刚果民主共和国7,97240CF Central AfricanRepublic中非共和国50051CG Congo刚果47442CH Switzerland瑞士83843CI Côte d'Ivoire科特迪瓦2,325 44CK Cook Islands库克群岛245CL Chile智利1,813 46CM Cameroon喀麦隆2,392 47CN China中国138,232 48CO Colombia哥伦比亚4,865 49CR Costa Rica哥斯达黎加48650CU Cuba古巴1,139 51CV Cape Verde佛得角5352CW Curacao库拉索1653CX Christmas Island圣诞岛054CY Cyprus塞浦路斯118序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet55CZ Czech捷克1,055 56DE Germany德国8,068 57DJ Djibouti吉布提9058DK Denmark丹麦56959DM Dominica多米尼克760DO Dominican Rep多米尼加1,065 61DZ Algeria阿尔及利亚4,038 62EC Ecuador厄瓜多尔1,639 63EE Estonia爱沙尼亚13164EG Egypt埃及9,338 65EH Western Sahara西撒哈拉5866ER Eritrea厄立特里亚53567ES Spain西班牙4,606 68ET Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚10,185 69EU EU欧盟70FI Finland芬兰55271FJ Fiji斐济9072FK Falkland Islands (Malvinas)福克兰群岛（马尔维纳斯群岛）73FM Micronesia,Federated Statesof密克罗尼西亚联邦1074FO Faroe Islands法罗群岛575FR France法国6,467序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet76GA Gabon加蓬17677GB Great Britain英国6,511Yes 78GD Grenada格林纳达1179GE Georgia格鲁吉亚39880GF French Guiana法属圭亚那2881GG Guernsey格恩西岛782GH Ghana加纳2,80383GI Gibraltar直布罗陀384GL Greenland格陵兰685GM Gambia冈比亚20586GN Guinea几内亚1,29587GP Guadeloupe瓜德罗普4788GQ Equatorial Guinea赤道几内亚8789GR Greece希腊1,09290GS South Georgia andthe Islands南乔治亚岛091GT Guatemala危地马拉1,667 92GU Guam关岛1793GW Guinea-Bissau几内亚比绍189 94GY Guyana圭亚那7795HK Hong Kong中国香港73596HM Heard Island andMcDonald Islands赫德岛和麦克唐纳群岛97HN Honduras洪都拉斯819序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet98HR Croatia克罗地亚42399HT Haiti海地1,085 100HU Hungary匈牙利982101ID Indonesia印度尼西亚26,058 102IE Ireland爱尔兰471103IL Israel以色列819104IN India印度132,680105IO British IndianOcean Territory英属印度洋领地106IQ Iraq伊拉克3,755 107IR Iran伊朗8,004 108IS Iceland冰岛33109IT Italy意大利5,980 110JM Jamaica牙买加280 111JO Jordan约旦775 112JP Japan日本12,632 113KE Kenya肯尼亚4,725114KG Kyrgyzstan 吉尔吉斯斯坦603115KH Cambodia柬埔寨1,583 116KI Kiribati基里巴斯11 117KM Comoros科摩罗81118KN Saint Kitts andNevis圣基茨和尼维斯6序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet119KP DemocraticPeople's Republicof Korea朝鲜2,528120KR South Korea韩国5,050121KV The Republic ofKosovo科索沃180122KW Kuwait科威特401 123KY Cayman Islands开曼群岛6124KZ Kazakhstan哈萨克斯坦1,786 125LA Laos老挝692 126LB Lebanon黎巴嫩599 127LC Saint Lucia圣卢西亚19 128LI Liechtenstein列支敦士登4129LK Sri Lanka斯里兰卡2,081 130LR Liberia利比里亚462 131LS Lesotho莱索托216 132LT Lithuania立陶宛285 133LU Luxembourg卢森堡58 134LV Latvia拉脱维亚196 135LY Libya利比亚633 136MA Moroco摩洛哥3,482 137MC Monaco摩纳哥4138MD Republic ofMoldova摩尔多瓦406139ME Montenegro黑山63序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet140MG Madagascar马达加斯加2,492 141MH Marshall Islands马绍尔群岛5142MK Republic ofMacedonia马其顿208143ML Mali马里1,813 144MM Myanmar缅甸5,436 145MN Mongolia蒙古301 146MO Macau中国澳门60147MP Northern MarianaIslands北马里亚纳群岛6148MQ Martinique马提尼克40149MR Mauritania毛里塔尼亚417 150MS Montserrat蒙特塞拉特1151MT Malta马耳他42152MU Mauritius毛里求斯128 153MV Maldives马尔代夫37154MW Malawi马拉维1,775 155MX Mexico墨西哥12,863 156MY Malaysia马来西亚3,075 157MZ Mozambique莫桑比克2,875 158NA Namibia纳米比亚251159NC New Caledonia 新喀里多尼亚27160NE Niger尼日尔2,072序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet161NF Norfolk Island诺福克岛0162NG Nigeria尼日利亚18,699163NI Nicaragua尼加拉瓜615164NL Netherlands荷兰1,698165NO Norway挪威527166NP Nepal尼泊尔2,885167NR Nauru瑙鲁1168NU Niue纽埃0169NZ New Zealand新西兰457Yes 170OM Oman阿曼465171PA Panama巴拿马399172PE Peru秘鲁3,177173PF French Polynesia 法属波利尼西亚29174PG Papua New Guinea 巴布亚新几内亚778175PH Philippines菲律宾10,225 176PK Pakistan巴基斯坦19,283 177PL Poland波兰3,859178PM Saint Pierre andMiquelon圣皮埃尔和密克隆1179PN Pitcairn皮特凯恩0 180PR Puerto Rico波多黎各368 181PS Gaza Strip加沙地带220序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet182PT Portugal葡萄牙1,030 183PW Palau帕劳2184PY Paraguay巴拉圭673 185QA Qatar卡塔尔229 186RE Reunion留尼旺群岛87187RO Romania罗马尼亚1,937 188RS Serbia塞尔维亚881 189RU Russia俄罗斯14,344 190RW Rwanda卢旺达1,188 191SA Saudi Arabia沙特阿拉伯3,216 192SB Solomon Islands所罗门群岛59193SC Seychelles塞舌尔10194SD Sudan苏丹4,118 195SE Sweden瑞典985 196SG Singapore新加坡570197SH Saint Helena,Ascension andTristan Da Cunha圣赫勒拿，阿森松岛和特里斯坦达库尼亚198SI Slovenia斯洛文尼亚207199SJ Svalbard 斯瓦尔巴特群岛200SK Slovakia斯洛伐克543 201SL Sierra Leone塞拉利昂659 202SM San Marino圣马力诺3序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet203SN Senegal塞内加尔1,559 204SO Somalia索马里1,108 205SR Suriname苏里南55 206SS South Sudan南苏丹1,273207ST Sao Tome andPrincipe圣多美和普林西比19208SV El Salvador萨尔瓦多615 209SX Sint Maarten荷属圣马丁4210SY Syrian ArabRepublic叙利亚1,856211SZ Swaziland斯威士兰130212TC Turks and CaicosIslands特克斯和凯科斯群岛3213TD Chad乍得1,450 214TG Togo多哥750 215TH Thailand泰国6,815 216TJ Tajikistan塔吉克斯坦867 217TK Tokelau托克劳群岛0218TL East Timor东帝汶121 219TM Turkmenistan土库曼斯坦544 220TN Tunisia突尼斯1,138 221TO Tonga汤加11 222TR Turkey土耳其7,962223TT Trinidad andTobago特里尼达和多巴哥136序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet224TV Tuvalu图瓦卢1225TW Taiwan中国台湾2,340226TZ Tanzania, UnitedRepublic of坦桑尼亚5,516227UA Ukraine乌克兰4,462 228UG Uganda乌干达4,032229UM United StatesMinor OutlyingIslands美国本土外小岛屿230US USA美国32,412Yes 231UY Uruguay乌拉圭344232UZ Uzbekistan 乌兹别克斯坦3,030233VA Vatican CityState梵蒂冈0234VC Saint Vincent andthe Grenadines圣文森特和格林纳丁斯11235VE Venezuela委内瑞拉3,152236VG British Virginlslands英属维尔京群岛3237VI Virgin Islands维京群岛11 238VN Vietnam越南9,444 239VU Vanuatu瓦努阿图27240WF Wallis and Futuna 瓦利斯群岛和富图纳群1序号ISO英文名称中文名称(默认:万)均GDPE-Packet岛241WS Samoa萨摩亚19 242YE Yemen也门2,748 243YT Mayotte马约特岛25 244ZA South Africa南非5,498 245ZM Zambia赞比亚1,672 246ZW Zimbabwe津巴布韦1,597。
RS232串行接口总线详细介绍
RS232串行接口总线目录第一节RS232串行接口系统描述 (3)第二节RS232串行接口拓扑结构 (3)第三节物理接口 (5)3.1 电气特性 (5)3.2接口信号 (6)3.3机械特性 (8)第四节电源 (8)第五节RS232接口协议 (9)5.1 数据传送格式 (9)5.2 流控制 (10)5.3 差错检测 (10)5.4 差错控制 (10)第六节系统配置 (10)6.1 端口地址和中断 (10)6.2 串行端口寄存器 (11)6.3 DLAB (14)第七节数据流模型 (14)第八节RS232串口接口设备 (15)第一节RS232串行接口系统描述串行接口是微型计算机与外部设备的主要通信接口之一。
只需要一条信号线就可以进行单向数据传送。
由于线路简单，价格相对较低，目前得到广泛应用。
串行通信接口标准经过使用和发展，目前已经有几种。
但都是在RS-232标准的基础上经过改进而形成的。
所以，以RS-232C为主来讨论。
RS-323C标准是美国EIA(电子工业联合会）与BELL等公司一起开发的1969年公布的通信协议。
它适合于数据传输速率在0～20000b/s范围内的通信。
这个标准对串行通信接口的有关问题，如信号线功能、电器特性都作了明确规定。
由于通行设备厂商都生产与RS-232C制式兼容的通信设备，因此，它作为一种标准，目前已在微机通信接口中广泛采用。
在讨论RS-232C接口标准的内容之前，先说明两点：首先，RS-232-C标准最初是远程通信连接数据终端设备DTE(Data Terminal Equipment)与数据通信设备DCE（Data Communication Equipment)而制定的。
因此这个标准的制定，并未考虑计算机系统的应用要求。
但目前它又广泛地被借来用于计算机（更准确的说，是计算机接口）与终端或外设之间的近端连接标准。
显然，这个标准的有些规定及和计算机系统是不一致的，甚至是相矛盾的。
ASTMB232
Designation:B232/B232M–01e1Standard Specification forConcentric-Lay-Stranded Aluminum Conductors,Coated-Steel Reinforced(ACSR)1This standard is issued under thefixed designation B232/B232M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1N OTE—In Table1,the code word for the795000(24/7)construction was editorially corrected to“Cuckoo.”1.Scope1.1This specification covers concentric-lay-stranded con-ductors made from round aluminum1350-H19(extra hard) wires and round,coated steel core wire(s)for use as overhead electrical conductors(Explanatory Note1and Explanatory Note2).1.2ACSR covered by this specification has nine types of coated steel core wire which are designated by abbreviations as follows(Explanatory Note2):1.2.1ACSR/GA-ACSR using Class A zinc-coated steel wire,1.2.2ACSR/GB-ACSR using Class B zinc-coated steel wire,1.2.3ACSR/GC-ACSR using Class C zinc-coated steel wire,1.2.4ACSR/MA-ACSR using Class A Zn-5A1-MM coated steel wire,1.2.5ACSR/MB-ACSR using Class B Zn-5A1-MM coated steel wire,1.2.6ACSR/MC-ACSR using Class C Zn-5A1-MM coated steel wire,1.2.7ACSR/HS-ACSR using Class A zinc-coated high-strength steel wires,1.2.8ACSR/MS-ACSR using Class A Zn-5A1-MM coated high-strength steel wires,and1.2.9ACSR/AZ-ACSR using aluminum-coated(alumi-nized)steel wire.1.3The values stated in inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values in each system are not exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the bining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.3.1For density,resistivity and temperature,the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.N OTE1—The aluminum and temper designations conform to ANSI Standard H35.1/H35.1M;Aluminum1350corresponds to UNS No. A91350in accordance with Practice E527.2.Referenced Documents2.1The following documents of the issue in effect on date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the extent referenced herein:2.2ASTM Standards:B230/B230M Specification for Aluminum1350-H19Wire for Electrical Purposes2B263Test Method for Determination of Cross-Sectional Area of Stranded Conductors2B341/B341M Specification for Aluminum-Coated(Alu-minized)Steel Core Wire for Aluminum Conductors,Steel Reinforced(ACSR/AZ)2B354Terminology Relating to Uninsulated Metallic Elec-trical Conductors2B498/B498M Specification for Zinc-Coated(Galvanized) Steel Core Wire for Aluminum Conductors,Steel Rein-forced(ACSR)2B500Specification for Metallic Coated Stranded Steel Core for Aluminum Conductors,Steel-Reinforced (ACSR)2B606Specification for High-Strength Zinc-Coated(Galva-nized)Steel Core Wire for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Conductors,Steel Reinforced2B682Specification for Standard Metric Sizes of Electrical Conductors2B802/B802M Specification for Zinc-5%Aluminum-Mischmetal Alloy-Coated Steel Core Wire for Aluminum Conductors,Steel Reinforced(ACSR)2B803Specification for High-Strength Zinc-5% Aluminum-Mischmetal Alloy-Coated Steel Core Wire for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Conductors,Steel Rein-forced2E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.07onConductors of Light Metals.Current edition approved Mar.10,2001.Published April2001.Originallypublished as B232–st previous edition B232–99.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol02.03.1Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.Determine Conformance with Specifications 3E 527Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)42.3ANSI Documents:ANSI H35.1American National Standard Alloy and Tem-per Designation Systems for Aluminum 5ANSI H35.1M American National Standard for Alloy and Temper Designations Systems for Aluminum [Metric]52.4NIST Document:NBS Handbook 100—Copper Wire Tables 62.5Aluminum Association Document:Publication 50,Code Words for Overhead Aluminum Elec-trical Conductors 73.Terminology 3.1Definitions :3.1.1Galvanized —zinc coated.3.1.2Aluminized —aluminum coated.3.2Abbreviations:Abbreviations:3.2.1Zn-5A1-MM —zinc-5%aluminum-mischmetal alloy.3.2.2ACSR —aluminum conductor,steel reinforced.3.2.3ACSR/GA —reinforced with galvanized steel core wire,coating Class A in accordance with Specification B 498/B 498M.3.2.4ACSR/GB —reinforced with galvanized steel core wire,coating Class B in accordance with Specification B 498/B 498M.3.2.5ACSR/GC —reinforced with galvanized steel core wire,coating Class C in accordance with Specification B 498/B 498M.3.2.6ACSR/HS —reinforced with high-strength galvanized steel core wire in accordance with Specification B 606.3.2.7ACSR/MA —reinforced with Zn-5A1-MM coated steel core wire,coating Class A in accordance with Specification B 802/B 802M.3.2.8ACSR/MB —reinforced with Zn-5A1-MM coated steel core wire,coating Class B in accordance with Specification B 802/B 802M.3.2.9ACSR/MC —reinforced with Zn-5A1-MM coated steel core wire,coating Class C in accordance with Specification B 802/B 802M.3.2.10ACSR/MS —reinforced with high-strength Zn-5A1-MM coated steel core wire in accordance with Specifica-tion B 803.3.2.11ACSR/AZ —reinforced with aluminized steel core wire in accordance with Specification B 341/B 341M.4.Classification4.1For the purpose of this specification conductors are classified as follows (Explanatory Notes 1and 2):4.1.1Class AA —For bare conductors usually used in over-head lines.These conductors are divided into two types as follows:4.1.1.1Conductors used for regular over-head line construc-tion,and4.1.1.2Conductors having a high ratio of mechanical strength to current-carrying capacity used for overhead ground wires and for extra-long span construction.4.1.2Class A —For conductors to be covered with weather-resistant materials.5.Ordering Information5.1Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:5.1.1Quantity of each size,stranding,and class,5.1.2Conductor size,circular-mil area or AWG (Section 9and Table 1),TABLE 1Construction Requirements of Aluminum Conductors,Steel Reinforced (ACSR)SizeCode Words AClassStranding Design Aluminum/Steel StrandingNominal O.D.of Conductors,in.Mass,lb/1000ftAluminum WiresSteel Wires cmil B AWG Number Diameter,in.C Layers Number Diameter,in.C Layers 2312000...Thrasher AA 76/19760.17444190.08142 1.80225232167000...Kiwi AA 72/7720.1735470.11571 1.73523012156000...Bluebird AA 84/19840.16024190.09612 1.76225081780000...Chukar AA 84/19840.14564190.08742 1.60220721590000...Falcon AA 54/19540.17163190.10302 pwing AA 45/7450.1880370.12531 1.50417901510500...Parrot AA 54/19540.16723190.10032 1.50519381510500...Nuthatch AA 45/7450.1832370.12211 1.46617001431000...Plover AA 54/19540.16283190.09772 1.46518381431000...Bobolink AA 45/7450.1783370.11891 1.42716111351500...Martin AA 54/19540.15823190.09492 1.42417351351500...Dipper AA 45/7450.1733370.11551 1.38615211272000...Pheasant AA 54/19540.15353190.09212 1.38216341272000...Bittern AA 45/7450.1681370.11211 1.34514321272000...Skylark AA 36/1360.1880310.18800 1.31612861192500...Grackle AA 54/19540.14863190.08922 1.33815311192500...Bunting AA 45/7450.1628370.10851 1.30213421113000...FinchAA54/19540.14363190.086221.29314303Annual Book of ASTM Standards ,V ol 14.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards ,V ol 01.01.5Available from the American National Standards Institute,11West 42nd Street,13th Floor,New York,NY 10036.6Available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),Gaithersburg,MD 20899.7Available from the Aluminum Association,Inc.,90019th Street,NW,Suite 300,Washington,DC20006.SizeCode Words AClassStranding Design Aluminum/Steel StrandingNominal O.D.of Conductors,in.Mass,lb/1000ftAluminum WiresSteel Wires cmil B AWG Number Diameter,in.C Layers Number Diameter,in.C Layers 1113000...Bluejay AA 45/7450.1573370.10491 1.25912541033500...Curlew AA 54/7540.1383370.13831 1.24513291033500...Ortolan AA 45/7450.1515370.10101 1.21211631033500...Tanager AA 36/1360.1694310.16940 1.1861044954000...Cardinal AA 54/7540.1329370.13291 1.1961227.1954000...Rail AA 45/7450.1456370.09711 1.1651074954000...Catbird AA 36/1360.1628310.16280 1.140964900000...Canary AA 54/7540.1291370.12911 1.1621158900000...Ruddy AA 45/7450.1414370.09431 1.1311013795000...Mallard AA 30/19300.16282190.09772 1.1401233.9795000...Condor AA 54/7540.1213370.12131 1.0921022795000...Tern AA 45/7450.1329370.08861 1.063895795000...Drake AA 26/7260.1749270.13601 1.1081093795000...Cuckoo AA 24/7240.1820270.12131 1.0921023795000...Coot AA 36/1360.1486310.14860 1.040803.6715500...Redwing AA 30/19300.15442190.09262 1.0811109.3715500...Starling AA 26/7260.1659270.12901 1.051983.7715500...Stilt AA 24/7240.1727270.11511 1.036921666600...Gannet AA 26/7260.1601270.12451 1.014916.2666600...Flamingo AA 24/7240.1667270.11111 1.000857.9636000...Egret AA 30/19300.14562190.08742 1.019987.2636000...Scoter AA 30/7300.1456270.14561 1.019995.1636000...Grosbeak AA 26/7260.1564270.121610.990874.2636000...Rook AA 24/7240.1628270.108510.977818.2636000...Swift AA 36/1360.1329310.132900.930642.8636000...Kingbird AA 18/1180.1880210.188000.940689.9605000...TealAA 30/19300.14202190.085220.994938.6605000...Wood Duck AA 30/7300.1420270.142010.994946.5605000...Squab AA 26/7260.1525270.118610.966831.3605000...Peacock AA 24/7240.1588270.105910.953778.8556500...Eagle AA 30/7300.1362270.136210.953870.7556500...Dove AA 26/7260.1463270.113810.927765.2556500...Parakeet AA 24/7240.1523270.101510.914716.1556500...Osprey AA 18/1180.1758210.175800.879603.3477000...Hen AA 30/7300.1261270.126110.883746.4477000...Hawk AA 26/7260.1354270.105310.858655.3477000...Flicker AA 24/7240.1410270.094010.846613.9477000...Pelican AA 18/rk AA 30/7300.1151270.115110.806621.8397500...Ibis AA 26/7260.1236270.096110.783546.0397500...BrantAA 24/7240.1287270.085810.772511.4397500...Chickadee AA 18/1180.1486210.148600.743431.0336400...Oriole AA 30/7300.1059270.105910.741526.4336400...Linnet AA 26/7260.1137270.088410.720462.0336400...Merlin AA 18/1180.1367210.136700.684364.8300000...Ostrich AA 26/7260.1074270.083510.680412.2266800...Partridge AA 26/7260.1013270.078810.642366.9266800...Waxwing AA 18/1180.1217210.121700.609289.12116000000Penguin C AA,A 6/160.1878110.187800.563290.8211300...Cochin AA (HS)12/7120.1327170.132710.664526.8203200...Brahma AA (HS)16/19160.11271190.097720.714674.6190800...Dorking AA (HS)12/7120.1261170.126110.631475.7176900...Dotterel AA (HS)12/7120.1214170.121410.607440.9167800000Pigeon C AA,A 6/160.1672110.167200.502230.5159000...Guinea AA (HS)12/7120.1151170.115110.576396.3134600...Leghorn AA (HS)12/7120.1059170.105910.530335.513310000Quail C AA,A 6/160.1489110.148900.447182.8110800...Minorca AA (HS)12/7120.0961170.096110.481276.3105600Raven CAA,A6/160.1327110.13270.398145.2SizeCode Words AClassStranding Design Aluminum/Steel StrandingNominal O.D.of Conductors,in.Mass,lb/1000ftAluminum WiresSteel Wires cmil B AWG Number Diameter,in.C Layers NumberDiameter,in.C Layers 101800...Petrel AA (HS)12/7120.0921170.092110.461253.8836901Robin C AA,A 6/160.1181110.118100.354115.080000...Grouse AA (HS)8/180.1000110.167000.367148.8663602Sparate C AA,A 7/170.0974110.129900.325106.63663602Sparrow C AA,A 6/160.1052110.105200.31691.2417404Swanate C AA,A 7/170.0772110.102900.25766.95417404Swan C AA,A 6/160.0834110.083400.25057.35330905...A 6/160.0743110.074300.22345.51262406Turkey CAA,A6/160.0661110.06610.19836.02ACode words shown in this column are obtained from,“Publication 50,Code Words for Overhead Aluminum Electrical Conductors”,by the Aluminum Association.They are provided here for information only.BConversion factors:1cmil =5.067E –0.4mm 21in.=2.54E +01mm1lb/1000ft =1.488E +00kg/km 1ft =3.048E –01m 1lb =4.536E –01kg 1lbf =4.448E –03LN CThese code names apply to Class AA Bare Aluminum Conductors,Steel Reinforced (ACSR)as shown above.They do not apply to Class A products shown in the above table.5.1.3Number of wires,aluminum and steel (see Tables 1-5),5.1.4Type of steel core wire and type and area density (if applicable)of coating (see6.2),5.1.5Direction of lay of outer layer of aluminum wires if other than right-hand (see 8.2),5.1.6Special tension test,if desired (see 15.3),5.1.7Place of inspection (Section 16),5.1.8Package size and type (see 17.1),5.1.9Heavy wood lagging,if required (see 17.3),and5.1.10Special package marking,if required (see 17.4).6.Requirement for Wires6.1Before stranding,the aluminum wire used shall meet the requirements of Specification B 230/B 230M.6.2Before stranding,the steel core wire used shall meet the requirements of Specification B 341/B 341M,B 498/B 498M,B 606,B 802/B 802M,or B 803,whichever is applicable.TABLE 2Construction Requirements—Aluminum Conductors,Steel Reinforced (ACSR)Size,mm 2ClassStranding DesignStrandingNominal Outside Diameter of Conductors,mm Mass,kg/kmAluminum WiresSteel Wires NumberDiameter,mm Layers Number Diameter,mm Layers 1250AA 84/1984 4.35419 2.61247.8542741250AA 76/1976 4.58419 2.14247.3440231250AA 72/772 4.7047 3.13146.9939011120AA 84/1984 4.12419 2.47245.3138331120AA 76/1976 4.33419 2.02244.7435951120AA 72/772 4.4547 2.97144.5134991000AA 84/1984 3.89419 2.33242.7734161000AA 72/772 4.2147 2.81142.113132900AA 84/1984 3.69419 2.21240.573073900AA 72/772 3.9947 2.66139.92812800AA 54/1954 4.34319 2.60239.043015800AA 45/745 4.7637 3.17138.072652710AA 54/1954 4.09319 2.45236.792678710AA 45/745 4.4837 2.99135.852351630AA 54/1954 3.85319 2.31234.652375630AA 45/745 4.2237 2.81133.752084560AA 54/1954 3.63319 2.18232.682112560AA 45/745 3.9837 2.65131.831854500AA 54/754 3.4337 3.43130.871889500AA 45/745 3.7637 2.51130.091656450AA 54/754 3.2637 3.26129.341706450AA45/7453.57372.38128.561492Size,mm 2ClassStranding DesignStrandingNominal Outside Diameter of Conductors,mm Mass,kg/kmAluminum WiresSteel Wires NumberDiameter,mm LayersNumberDiameter,mm Layers400AA 30/1930 4.12219 2.47228.831824400AA 26/726 4.4327 3.45128.071622400AA 24/724 4.6127 3.07127.651515355AA 30/1930 3.88219 2.33227.171620355AA 26/726 4.1727 3.24126.41435355AA 24/724 4.3427 2.89126.031343315AA 30/1930 3.66219 2.20225.641443315AA 26/726 3.9327 3.06124.91277315AA 24/724 4.0927 2.73124.551194315AA 18/118 4.7221 4.72023.61014280AA 30/730 3.4527 3.45124.151291280AA 26/726 3.7027 2.88123.441131280AA 24/724 3.8527 2.57123.111058280AA 18/118 4.4521 4.45022.25901.0250AA 30/730 3.2627 3.26122.821152250AA 26/726 3.5027 2.72122.161011250AA 24/724 3.6427 2.43121.85946.0250AA 18/118 4.2121 4.21021.05806.4224AA 30/730 3.0827 3.08121.561029224AA 26/726 3.3127 2.57120.95904.0224AA 24/724 3.4527 2.30120.7849.2224AA 18/118 3.9821 3.98019.9720.7200AA 30/730 2.9127 2.91120.37918.2200AA 26/726 3.1327 2.43119.81808.3200AA 24/724 3.2627 2.17119.55757.6200AA 18/118 3.7621 3.76018.8643.2180AA 30/730 2.7627 2.76119.32826.0180AA 26/726 2.9727 2.31118.81728.6180AA 24/724 3.0927 2.06118.54681.2180AA 18/118 3.5721 3.57017.85579.9160AA 30/730 2.6127 2.61118.27738.6160AA 26/726 2.8027 2.18117.74648.0160AA 24/724 2.9127 1.94117.46604.2160AA 18/118 3.3621 3.36016.8513.7140AA 26/726 2.6227 2.04116.6567.4140AA 24/724 2.7327 1.82116.38531.8140AA 18/118 3.1521 3.15015.75451.5125AA 26/726 2.4727 1.92115.64503.7125AA 24/724 2.5827 1.72115.48474.9125AA 18/118 2.9721 2.97014.85401.3100AA (HS)16/1916 2.82119 2.44217.84972.4100AA (HS)12/712 3.2617 3.26116.3734.1100AA,A 6/16 4.6111 4.61013.83404.890AA (HS)12/712 3.0917 3.09115.45659.580AA (HS)12/712 2.9117 2.91114.55584.980AA,A 6/16 4.1211 4.12012.36323.371AA (HS)12/712 2.7417 2.74113.7518.663AA (HS)12/712 2.5917 2.59112.95463.463AA,A 6/16 3.6611 3.66010.98255.256AA (HS)12/712 2.4417 2.44112.2411.250AA (HS)12/712 2.3017 2.30111.5365.450AA,A 6/16 3.2611 3.2609.78202.440AA (HS)8/18 2.5211 4.2009.24217.940AA,A 6/16 2.9111 2.9108.73161.331.5AA,A 7/17 2.3911 3.1907.97148.431.5AA,A 6/16 2.5911 2.5907.77127.825AA,A 7/17 2.1311 2.8407.1117.825AA,A6/162.30112.306.9100.8Size,mm 2ClassStranding DesignStrandingNominal Outside Diameter of Conductors,mmMass,kg/kmAluminum WiresSteel Wires NumberDiameter,mm LayersNumberDiameter,mm Layers20AA,A 7/17 1.9111 2.550 6.3794.8020AA,A 6/16 2.0611 2.060 6.1880.8316AA,A 6/16 1.8411 1.840 5.5264.4912.5AA,A 6/16 1.6311 1.630 4.8950.61TABLE 3Rated Strength Aluminum Conductors,Steel Reinforced (ACSR)SizeClassStranding Design Aluminum/SteelRated Strength (by type of steel core wire)cmil AWG ACSR/GA ACSR/MA,kips ACSR/GB ACSR/MB,kips ACSR/GC ACSR/MC,kips ACSR/HS ACSR/MS,kips ACSR/AZ,kips 2312000...AA 76/1956.755.854.858.554.82167000...AA 72/749.849.148.451.348.12156000...AA 84/1960.359.057.762.857.11780000...AA 84/1951.049.948.953.148.91590000...AA 54/1954.553.051.657.550.81590000...AA 45/742.241.440.543.939.71510000...AA 54/1951.750.348.954.548.21510000...AA 45/740.139.338.541.637.71431000...AA 54/1949.147.746.451.745.71431000...AA 45/738.337.636.939.836.51351000...AA 54/1946.345.143.848.843.21351000...AA 45/736.235.534.837.634.41272000...AA 54/1943.642.441.246.040.71272000...AA 45/734.133.432.835.432.41272000...AA 36/126.426.126.027.025.41192500...AA 54/1941.940.839.744.139.71192500...AA 45/732.031.330.733.230.41113000...AA 54/1939.138.137.041.237.01113000...AA 45/729.829.328.731.028.41033500...AA 54/736.635.634.638.633.61033500...AA 45/727.727.126.628.826.31033500...AA 36/121.421.221.121.920.6954000...AA 54/733.832.932.035.731.0954000...AA 45/725.925.424.926.924.7954000...AA 36/119.819.619.520.319.1900000...AA 54/731.931.030.233.729.3900000...AA 45/724.424.023.525.423.3795000...AA 30/1938.437.135.841.135.1795000...AA 54/728.227.426.629.725.8795000...AA 45/722.121.721.222.921.2795000...AA 26/731.530.529.633.528.6795000...AA 24/727.927.126.429.525.6795000...AA 36/116.816.616.517.216.3715500...AA 30/1934.633.432.236.931.6715500...AA 26/728.427.526.630.125.7715500...AA 24/725.524.824.126.923.7666600...AA 26/726.425.624.828.024.0666600...AA 24/723.723.122.425.022.1636000...AA 30/1931.530.529.433.629.4636000...AA 30/730.429.328.733.227.6636000...AA 26/725.224.423.626.822.9636000...AA 24/722.622.021.423.921.1636000...AA 36/113.813.613.514.013.4636000...AA 18/115.715.415.316.314.8605000...AA 30/1930.029.028.032.028.0605000...AA 30/728.927.927.331.626.3605000...AA 26/724.323.622.825.822.5605000...AA 24/721.621.020.422.720.1556500...AA 30/727.826.825.829.724.8556500...AA 26/722.621.921.224.020.9556500...AA 24/719.819.318.720.918.5556500...AA 18/113.713.513.414.312.9477000...AA30/723.823.022.125.521.3SizeClassStranding Design Aluminum/SteelRated Strength (by type of steel core wire)cmil AWG ACSR/GA ACSR/MA,kips ACSR/GB ACSR/MB,kips ACSR/GC ACSR/MC,kips ACSR/HS ACSR/MS,kips ACSR/AZ,kips 477000...AA 26/719.518.918.420.718.1477000...AA 24/717.216.716.218.116.0477000...AA 18/111.811.611.512.311.1397500...AA 30/720.319.618.921.718.6397500...AA 26/716.315.815.317.215.1397500...AA 24/714.614.313.915.413.9397500...AA 18/19.99.89.710.49.5336400...AA 30/717.316.716.218.515.9336400...AA 26/714.113.713.314.913.3336400...AA 18/18.78.58.49.08.3300000...AA 26/712.712.312.013.412.0266800...AA 26/711.311.010.611.910.6266800...AA 18/1 6.9 6.8 6.77.1 6.52116000000AA,A 6/18.358.087.959.017.42211300...AA (HS)12/720.719.818.922.617.9203200...AA (HS)16/1928.427.125.831.125.1190800...AA (HS)12/718.717.917.020.416.2176900...AA (HS)12/717.316.615.818.915.0167800000AA,A 6/1 6.62 6.41 6.307.15 5.88159000...AA (HS)12/716.015.314.617.414.2134600...AA (HS)12/713.613.012.414.812.113310000AA,A 6/1 5.30 5.13 5.05 5.72 4.88110800...AA (HS)12/711.310.810.312.210.11056000AA,A 6/1 4.38 4.25 4.12 4.65 3.98101800...AA (HS)12/710.49.919.4611.29.24836901AA,A 6/1 3.55 3.45 3.34 3.76 3.2980000...AA (HS)8/1 5.20 4.99 4.89 5.73 4.47663602AA,A 7/1 3.64 3.51 3.39 3.90 3.26663602AA,A 6/1 2.85 2.76 2.68 3.01 2.64417404AA,A 7/1 2.36 2.28 2.20 2.52 2.16417404AA,A 6/1 1.86 1.81 1.76 1.97 1.76330905A 6/1 1.49 1.45 1.41 1.57 1.41262406AA,A6/11.191.161.121.261.12TABLE 4Rated Strength—Aluminum Conductor,Steel Reinforced (ACSR)Rated Strength (by type of steel core wire)Size,mm 2ClassStranding Design ACSR/GA ACSR/MA,kNACSR/GB ACSR/MB,kNACSR/GC ACSR/MC,kNACSR/HS ACSR/MS,kNACSR/AZ,kN 1250AA 84/193063002933192891250AA 76/192692652602782601250AA 72/72502462422572391120AA 84/192752692632862591120AA 76/192402362322482321120AA 72/72262232192322181000AA 84/192452392342542311000AA 72/7202199196208195900AA 84/19226221217236217900AA 72/7181179176186175800AA 54/19240233227252223800AA 45/7186182179193175710AA 54/19213207201224198710AA 45/7167164160173158630AA 54/19189184179199176630AA 45/7148145142153140560AA 54/19173168164182164560AA 45/7132129126136125500AA 54/7154150145163141500AA45/7118115113122112Rated Strength (by type of steel core wire)Size,mm 2ClassStranding Design ACSR/GA ACSR/MA,kNACSR/GB ACSR/MB,kNACSR/GC ACSR/MC,kNACSR/HS ACSR/MS,kNACSR/AZ,kN 450AA 54/7139135131147128450AA 45/7108106104112103400AA 30/19170164158181155400AA 26/7139135131148126400AA 24/7123120116130113355AA 30/19151146140161137355AA 26/7123119115131112355AA 24/7111108105117103315AA 30/19138133128147128315AA 26/711010*********.3315AA 24/798.796.093.210491.7315AA 18/168.066.866.370.864.0280AA 30/7122118113131109280AA 26/710097.294.110692.4280AA 24/787.585.182.692.081.2280AA 18/160.459.458.963.056.8250AA 30/710910*********.4250AA 26/789.586.884.194.682.5250AA 24/779.477.275.083.473.8250AA 18/154.153.152.756.450.9224AA 30/797.493.990.410486.9224AA 26/780.077.675.184.573.7224AA 24/772.070.168.174.868.1224AA 18/148.347.547.150.445.5200AA 30/789.786.683.495.581.6200AA 26/771.569.367.275.665.9200AA 24/764.262.560.767.760.7200AA 18/143.142.442.145.041.3180AA 30/780.777.975.085.973.4180AA 26/765.463.461.469.060.3180AA 24/757.856.254.760.954.7180AA 18/140.439.739.141.438.1160AA 30/772.970.467.977.666.4160AA 26/758.957.255.462.455.4160AA 24/752.050.649.254.849.2160AA 18/135.835.234.637.034.0140AA 26/752.250.749.255.349.2140AA 24/746.445.244.048.944.0140AA 18/131.530.930.432.529.9125AA 26/746.945.644.249.644.2125AA 24/741.540.439.343.639.3125AA 18/128.828.327.929.727.6100AA (HS)16/19123117111133106100AA (HS)12/785.982.078.093.874.1100AA,A 6/134.633.533.037.330.890AA (HS)12/777.273.670.184.266.680AA (HS)12/770.667.564.476.462.680AA,A 6/127.626.726.429.824.671AA (HS)12/762.960.257.468.155.863AA (HS)12/756.253.851.360.849.963AA,A 6/122.121.421.123.820.456AA (HS)12/750.248.045.854.344.550AA (HS)12/745.443.541.548.241.550AA,A 6/118.117.517.019.216.440AA (HS)8/122.521.521.124.719.340AA,A 6/114.914.414.015.713.731.5AA,A 7/115.114.614.016.213.531.5AA,A 6/111.911.611.212.611.025AA,A7/112.311.911.513.111.2Rated Strength(by type of steel core wire)Size, mm2Class StrandingDesignACSR/GAACSR/MA,kNACSR/GBACSR/MB,kNACSR/GCACSR/MC,kNACSR/HSACSR/MS,kNACSR/AZ,kN25AA,A6/19.659.379.0910.19.09 20AA,A7/110.09.699.3410.79.15 20AA,A6/17.847.627.398.297.39 16AA,A6/1 6.33 6.15 5.97 6.69 5.97 12.5AA,A6/1 4.97 4.83 4.69 5.25 4.69TABLE5Lay Factors for Aluminum Conductors,Steel-Reinforced,Concentric-Lay-StrandedStranding Class StrandingRatio of Length of Lay of a Layer to Nominal Outside Diameter of That LayerAluminum Wire Layers Steel Wire Layers A First(Outside)Second Third Fourth(Inside)12Wire6Wire Min Preferred Max Min Preferred Max Min Max Min Max Min Preferred Max Min Preferred MaxA6/1,7/18...16....................................... AA76/19,84/1910111310131610171017162024182530 72/710111310131610171017 (182530)54/191011131013161017 (162024182530)54/7,45/71011131013161017 (182530)30/19101113101316 (162024182530)30/7,26/7,24/7101113101316 (182530)18/1101113101316..............................16/191012.514.5 (162024182530)12/71012.514.5 (182530)6/1,7/1,8/1121314.5.......................................A See Specification B500.7.Joints7.1Electric-butt welds,cold-pressure welds,and electric-butt,cold-upset welds in thefinished individual aluminum wires composing the conductor may be made during the stranding process.No weld shall occur within50ft[15m]of a weld in the same wire or in any other wire of the completed conductor(Explanatory Note3).7.2There shall be no joints of any kind made in thefinished zinc-coated or aluminum-coated steel wires.y8.1The length of lay of the various layers of wires in a conductor shall conform to Table5(see Explanatory Note4).8.2The direction of lay of the outside layer of aluminum wires shall be right hand unless otherwise specified in the purchaser order.The direction of lay of the aluminum and steel wires shall be reversed in successive layers.9.Construction9.1ACSR may be constructed using steel core wire with any one of nine types of protective coatings.The acceptable core wires are galvanized steel core wires,coating Classes A, B or C in accordance with Specification B498/B498M; high-strength galvanized steel core wire in accordance with Specification B606;Zn-5A1-MM coated steel core wire, coating Classes A,B or C,in accordance with Specification B802/B802M;high-strength Zn-5A1-MM coated steel core wire in accordance with Specification B803;aluminized steel core wire in accordance with Specification B341/B341M. 9.2The number and diameter of aluminum and steel wires and the area of cross section of aluminum wires shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Tables1-5.9.3Where compressed stranding is required in order to insulate the conductor properly,one or more aluminum layers of any stranded conductor consisting of7wires or more may be slightly compressed.The nominal diameter of the compressed conductor is3%below the nominal diameter of noncom-pressed conductor and the area of cross section after compress-ing is in accordance with Section13.N OTE2—The user’s attention is called to the claim that certain compressed strand constructions may be subject to patent rights,for example Patents3,383,704and3,444,684.10.A Rated Strength of Conductor10.1The rated strength of a completed conductor shall be taken as the aggregate strength of the aluminum and steel components,calculated as follows.The strength contribution of the aluminum wires shall be taken as the percentage, indicated in Table6,of the sum of the strengths of the 1350-H19wires,calculated from their specified nominal wire diameter and the appropriate specified minimum average tensile strength given in Specification B230/B230M.The strength contribution of the steel core wires shall be taken as the percentage,according to the number of layers of steel wires,indicated in Table6,of the sum of the strengths of the steel wires,calculated from their specified nominalwire。
USR-TCP232-302 说明书
USR-TCP232-302说明书文件版本：V1.0.4功能特点⏹10/100Mbps 自适应以太网接口，支持AUTO-MDIX网线交叉直连自动切换⏹工作模式可选择TCP Server、TCP Client、UDP Client、UDP Server、Httpd Client⏹串口波特率从600bps到230.4Kbps可设置，支持None、Odd、Even、Mark、Space五种校验⏹自定义心跳包机制，保证连接真实可靠，杜绝死连接⏹自定义注册包机制，检测连接状态，也可做自定义包头，可选用MAC地址做注册包⏹TCP Server模式下，连接Client的数量可在1到16个之间任意设置，默认4个，已连接Client的IP可显示，按连接计算发送/接收数据。
⏹TCP Server模式下，当连接数量达到最大值时，新连接是否踢掉旧连接可设置⏹支持网页、AT指令、网络协议设置参数，提供设置协议，供客户集成到自己的软件中去⏹支持TCP Client短连接功能，短连接断开时间自定义⏹支持超时重启（无数据重启）功能，重启时间自定义⏹TCP 连接建立前，数据缓存是否清理可设置⏹DHCP功能，能够自动获取IP⏹MAC地址可修改，出厂烧写全球唯一MAC，支持自定义MAC功能⏹DNS功能，域名解析⏹DNS服务器地址可自定义⏹通过网络升级固件功能，升级固件更加方便⏹支持虚拟串口，配套有人自主开发的USR-VCOM软件⏹同时支持软件和硬件恢复出厂设置⏹可以跨越网关，交换机，路由器运行⏹可以工作在局域网，也可访问外网目录USR-TCP232-302说明书 (1)功能特点 (2)目录 (3)1.快速入门 (5)1.1.硬件测试环境 (5)1.1.1.硬件准备 (5)1.1.2.硬件连接 (6)1.2.网络测试环境 (7)1.3.默认参数测试 (7)2.产品概述 (9)2.1.产品简介 (9)2.2.基本参数 (9)3.硬件参数介绍 (10)3.1.引脚定义 (10)3.2.尺寸图 (10)4.产品功能 (11)4.1.网络基础功能介绍 (11)4.1.1.IP地址/子网掩码/网关 (11)4.1.2.DNS服务器地址 (12)4.1.3.WebServer (13)4.1.4.恢复出厂设置功能 (13)4.1.5.网络升级固件 (13)4.2.Socket功能 (13)4.2.1.TCP Client模式特性 (14)4.2.2.TCP Server模式特性 (15)4.2.3.UDP Client模式特性 (15)4.2.4.UDP Server模式特性 (16)4.2.5.Httpd Client (16)4.2.6.配套软件VCOM(虚拟串口) (18)4.3.串口功能 (18)4.3.1.串口基本参数 (18)4.3.2.串口成帧机制 (18)4.3.3.类RFC2217 (19)4.4.特色功能 (20)4.4.1.心跳包功能 (20)4.4.2.注册包功能 (21)4.4.3.透传云功能 (22)4.4.4.自定义网页功能 (22)4.4.5.Link功能 (23)4.4.6.Reset功能 (23)4.4.7.Index功能 (24)4.4.8.自定义Client连接数 (25)4.4.9.状态显示 (25)4.4.10.短连接 (26)4.4.11.清除缓存数据 (26)4.4.12.超时重启 (27)5.参数设置 (28)5.1.网络协议设置参数 (28)5.1.1.设置软件设置参数 (28)5.1.2.设置协议设置参数 (31)5.2.网页设置参数 (31)5.3.AT指令配置 (35)5.3.1.AT指令概述 (35)5.3.2.错误码如下表： (36)5.3.3.AT指令集 (36)6.联系方式 (38)7.免责声明 (38)8.更新历史 (39)1. 快速入门USR-TCP232-302模块用于实现串口到以太网口的数据的双向透明传输，用户无需关心具体细节，模块内部完成协议转换。
关于中英文摘要书写格式的要求
13中国美容医学2020年10月第29卷第10期 Chinese Journal of Aesthetic Medicine. Oct. 2020.Vol.29.No.10与颗粒脂肪混合行面部填充，发现CGF能有效减少脂肪吸收，促进移植脂肪存活，认为这与CGF中的多种高浓度生长因子及CD34+细胞关系密切。
Zhao等[11]在联合LPCGF注射与GPCGF膜覆盖治疗10例鼻中隔黏膜缺损的研究中发现，所有创面均获得形态与功能上的良好效果，展现出CGF强大的组织修复与再生功能。
正是基于CGF所具有的上述生物活性成分及在整形美容领域显示的较好效果，将LGPCGF应用于口唇年轻化治疗将成为一种新型的方法。
该方法的应用有以下几个特点：①3～4周治疗1次，3～4次为一个常规疗程，疗程内注射不能中断，这样才能保证LGPCGF生物学效应的有效叠加，一个疗程治疗结束后可根据情况继续增加注射次数或间隔1～2年进行下一疗程注射；②不建议向LGPCGF中加入维生素C、氨甲环酸等药物，以免影响其理化性质及生物学效应；③LGPCGF在液态时注射，即使进入血管也不会造成栓塞等严重并发症，至少从理论和目前的临床报道来看是安全可靠的；④部分就医者口唇容量缺失比较严重，应先行自体脂肪或透明质酸注射补充容量，之后再行LGPCGF注射治疗；⑤也可将LPCGF与透明质酸（建议使用中度交联透明质酸）按照10:1混合后进行口唇部注射，这样既能发挥透明质酸的容量支撑与保水锁水效应，又能使被包裹在透明质酸内的LPCGF随着透明质酸的代谢而得到缓释，进而延长其生物学效应时间。
根据现有文献检索，将浓缩血小板用于口腔颌面外科修复的报道已较多[12]，但用于口周美容及年轻化治疗的案例还相对较少，仍有待于在基础和临床应用两个层面做进一步的大样本随机对照研究。
2017年，汪淼等[13]起草主编的《细胞活性物质抗衰老技术规范化指南》为PRP、PRF、CGF的临床应用提供了规范化的操作指南，有利于这一技术的开展、普及。
232GE中文资料
Applications
· · Mother Board Peripheral Equipment
SOIC-20
SSOP-20
TSSOP-20
Figure 1. Package Types of AZ75232
Aug. 2006 Rev. 1. 4 1
BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited
E1: Lead Free Blank: Tin Lead TR: Tape and Reel Blank: Tube
Marking ID Tin Lead Lead Free AZ75232M-E1 AZ75232M-E1 AZ75232GS-E1 AZ75232GS-E1 232GE 232GE
Pin Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Pin Name VDD RA1 RA2 RA3 DY1 DY2 RA4 DY3 RA5 VSS Function Positive Supply Voltage for Driver Receiver Input Receiver Input Receiver Input Driver Output Driver Output Receiver Input Driver Output Receiver Input Negative Supply Voltage for Driver Pin Number 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Pin Name GND RY5 DA3 RY4 DA2 DA1 RY3 RY2 RY1 VCC Ground Receiver Output Driver Input Receiver Output Driver Input Driver Input Receiver Output Receiver Output Receiver Output Supply Voltage for Receiver Function