专题七_情态动词和虚拟语气(5年高考3年模拟)
专题七情态动词和虚拟语气(5年高考3年模拟)
2013-2017年高考真题选粹
题组1情态动词的基本用法
1.[2017北京,21]Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
2.[2016天津,5]It was really annoying; I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
3.[2015浙江,4]It was so noisy that we ________ hear ourselves speak.
4.[2015陕西,21]You ________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
5.[2014四川,6]I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
6.[2014重庆,3]I’ve ordered some pizza, so we ________worry about cooking when we get home tired.
7.[2014北京,27]________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.
8.[2013江西,29]When I was a child, I ________watch TV whenever I wanted to.
9.[2013安徽,34]It________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
10.[2013新课标全国Ⅰ,29]The door ________open, no matter how hard she pushed.
11.[2013重庆,26]—What are you doing this Saturday?
—I’m not sure, but I________go to the Rolling Stones concert.
12.[2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip. ________
13.[2015新课标全国Ⅰ改错]We must found ways to protect our environment. ________ 题组2"情态动词+have done"的用法
14.[2015天津,7]I ________have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
15.[2015福建,27]—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it’s too bad. You ________have made full preparations.
16.[2014陕西,25]My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who________ have taken it?
17.[2013陕西,21]The children________(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
18.[2013浙江,3]I ________(enjoy) myself more — it was a perfect day.
题组3虚拟语气
19.[2017天津,15]—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I________ able to reach her yesterday.
20.[2016天津,15]I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ________(injure).
21.[2016北京,34]Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________(tell)me, I could have helped.
22.[2015安徽,32]It is lucky we booked a room, or we ________(have)nowhere to stay now.
23.[2015陕西,23]Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________(dance) as well as her.
24.[2014湖南,22]If Mr.Dewey ________(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
25.[2014浙江,16]They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,
or they________(come) to our help.
26.[2014重庆,13]It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I
________(do) it?
27.[2014天津,15]________(catch) the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
28.[2013重庆,29]—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umb rella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we________(have).
29.[2013浙江,8]Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________(be) at the age of
six months old.
30.[2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.________
2016-2018年模拟限时演练
A组基础题
A单句填空
31.[2018河南师范大学附属中学高三检测,49]The guideline aimed to prevent more children from becoming obese and it suggested that the local government in China ________(strengthen) the training of medical staff around.
32.[2018北京朝阳区高三期中统考,13]If we ________(take) another road, we wouldn’t have been stuck in the traffic jam for so long.
33.[2018江西南昌第二中学期中,25]I insisted that a doctor ________(send)for immediately.
34.[2018北京海淀区高三期中,32]The price on this packet is wrong. It ________be $2.50, not $3.50.
35.[2017江苏七校高三联考,27]—Have you seen the film Operation Mekong?
—Yes. It’s said that the film ________be banned in Thailand should it be found to damage the image of the country.
36.[2017山西太原外国语学校月考,19]Though his face suggested that there ________(be) nothing serious, the doctor still suggested he ________(stay) in bed for a few days.
37.[2017北京海淀区高三期中考试,33]It is said that people ________reduce the risk of catching some serious diseases by exercising.
38.[2016北京朝阳区重点中学期中考试,25]They ________have drunk heavily — there were dozens of empty beer bottles lying around when we entered the room.
39.[2016山东济南第一中学月考,29]—Is he in the office now?
—No, he________ be there. I saw him in the library just now.
40.[2016浙江杭州五校联考,5]I have never been to Stratford,though I probably ________.
41.[2016湖南十三校第一次联考,21]I ________thank you too much because without your help I wouldn’t have won the first prize.
42.[2016 天津七校联考,10]I was ill that day, otherwise I ________(take) part in the sports meet.
43.[2018河南许昌一模]The reason is that I have got a cold, and the doctor suggests that I must lie
in bed for one week or so. ________ 44.[2018宁夏银川一中第二次月考]If you are interested, please let me know as soon as possible.
In that case, I can’t buy the tickets ahead of t ime. ________ 45.[2018广东华南师大附中周测2]In his opinion, we would not only know "what", but also understand "why". ________ 46.[2017广东惠州高三二调]I communicated with the organizers and suggested that they should shorten the dance time and reduced the music noise.
47.[2017河南部分重点中学高三联考]Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must
make my toys last. ________ 48.[2017湖南长沙长郡中学高三模拟]If I am you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present
for him. ________
49.[2017 山东高三模拟]She is a quiet girl at school, but sometimes she must be very naughty.________
50. [2017 广东实验中学月考]I ought to helped Henry with his work, or he would have finished it now. ________ 51.[2016湖北七市教科研协作体高三联考]I suggest that we telling them we want them to trust us
as much as we’d like to trust them.________ 52.[2016广东高三3月适应性测试]Though my arms looked weak, my mother trusted that I can
hold the baby. ________ 53.[2016河北石家庄高中毕业班一模]To begin with, it’s important to remember some sentence structures, which can enriched your vocabulary and expressions. ________ 54.[2016江西重点中学协作体高三第一次联考]During my holidays, I would travel to my dreamlands. In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful. ________
A专项语篇型填空(情态动词和虚拟语气)
Rain or shine, Tom is always the first to arrive at the office. His home 1 be very near the office, or he 2 be always in time for work. How I wish that I 3 (live)close to work, so that I 4 not get up so early every day. Yesterday, for example, I would 5 (arrive) in time for work as usual if I hadn’t been caught in a traffic jam. The boss was so angry with me that he demanded I 6 arrive at work early enough later on, saying that should I be caught late again, he 7 (punish) me.
It’s getting late, and I 8 stop anything and go to bed, or I would get up late. Anyhow, it’s time that I9 (go) to sleep, and I’d rather I10 (arrive) at work on time tomorrow. It would be bad to be caught arriving late again.
B语法填空
[2017湖南长沙四校模拟]A recent study shows that most adults did household chores 41 (active) when they were young. Most kids today do not do as many household chores as before,
42 same study shows.
An expert says, "Parents today want their kids to spend more time 43 things that can bring them money and honour. They have stopped 44 (do) the one thing that can bring success. That is doing household chores."
Another study finds that compared with the kids 45 didn’t do household chores, young adults beginning chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely 46 (succeed). They had better family relationships, did better in school, performed better at work and were more independent.
Personal happiness 47 (say) to come from strong relationships. It begins by learning to be kind and 48 (help) to their parents at home.
If your kids say they have to skip chores because it’s time they 49 (deal) with their homework, you’d better not let them off the hook. If you do, your child may think grades are more important than caring about others. "What may seem like small 50 (message) at the moment add up to big ones over time," says an expert.
[2018福建福州八县(市)一中联考]As teenagers, we should attach great important to reading. Reading can benefit from us teenagers a great deal. Firstly, reading improves our school grades. Secondly, reading helps us expanding our horizons. Thirdly, reading may contribute to finding solutions to their own problems. Finally, reading is a enjoyable experience.
It is strongly suggested that our spare time is made full use of read as much as possible. We teenagers should stay devoted to read what we are interested in. Besides, we should active participate in some activities that are related to reading, what we can not only get our knowledge enriched but also gain a lot of pleasure.
答案
专题十二情态动词和虚拟语气
2013-2017年高考真题选粹
题组1情态动词的基本用法
1.can句意:Samuel是我们班最高的男孩,他能轻易地够着书架顶层的书。根据句意可知,空处表能力,故用can。
2.couldn’t句意:这真的很让人恼火,我无法使用你推荐的那个数据库。根据句意可知应填couldn’t表示"不能够"。
3.couldn’t句意:太吵了,我们都没法听到自己说话。情态动词couldn’t表示"不能",符合句意。
4.may句意:你可能感觉到所有的培训都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百地确信以后你将感谢你所做的这一切。根据句子中的"but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it"可判断出,此处表示对前面情况的一种推测,所以要用may "也许,可能"。
5.would句意:我仍然记得我快乐的童年,那时母亲常会在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。would可表示过去的习惯性动作,意为"常会,总是"。
6.needn’t句意:因为我已经订了比萨饼,所以我们当然就不必在回家很累时担心做饭问题了。因此应该填needn’t"不必"。
7.Can句意:我可以和你谈谈吗?不会用太长时间。can作情态动词讲时表示请求和许可,意为"可以",符合语境。
8.could句意:当我还是个孩子的时候,我什么时候想看电视就可以看。根据句子时态可
知,could"能,可以"符合题意。
9.couldn’t句意:练习中引起问题的不可能是你的词汇,因为你认识很多词。由句意可知,主句表示否定意义;所填词表示"不可能",所以填couldn’t。
10.wouldn’t句意:无论她怎么努力去推,这扇门就是打不开。情态动词will表示事物的倾向和特性,意为"总是,会"。因后半句用的是一般过去时,因此空处应用will的过去式would,根据语境可知此处表示否定意义。故填wouldn’t。
11.might/may句意:—这个周六你要干什么?—我不确定。但我可能会去看滚石演唱会。由答语中的"I’m not sure"可知,所填词意为"可能",表示不太肯定的推测,所以本题填might或may。
12.chose→choose考查情态动词的用法。情态动词后接动词原形。
13.found→find情态动词must后应用动词原形,因此把found改为find。
题组2"情态动词+have done"的用法
14.needn’t句意:来这所新学校之前,我本没有必要担忧,因为这儿的同学们对我非常友好。needn’t have done表示"没有必要做但做了"。
15.should根据语境可知,本句用should have done sth.结构表示"本应该做某事(而实际上未做)",暗含对对方的责怪。
16.could句意:我的书《哈迪斯之屋》丢了。谁可能拿走了它?根据句意可知,此处表示对过去某事的推测,故要用could have done"可能已经做了某事"。
17.must have got句意:孩子们一定是在树林里迷路了,否则他们会按照安排到达湖边的营地。由题干的后一个分句可知,此处表示对过去的情况把握较大的肯定推测,故用"must have
done(一定做了某事)"结构。
18.couldn’t have enjoyed句意:我从没有玩得这么开心过——真是完美的一天。此处是否定词not与比较级more连用,表示最高级的含义,同时couldn’t have done表示"过去不可能做过某事"。
题组3虚拟语气
19.wouldn’t have been句意:—你有Betty的电话号码吗?—是的,不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。根据句中的时间状语yesterday和副词Otherwise判断,这里表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时谓语用"could/might/would/should+have done"形式。
20.would have been injured根据"I was wearing a seatbelt."和"If I hadn’t been wearing one"可判断出,此处是对与过去事实相反的情况的虚拟,从句用了过去完成时,主句谓语应用"would have done"结构,又主语I与injure之间是动宾关系,故填would have been injured。
21.had told句意:你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢?如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你了。根据句意及空后的"could have helped"判断,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,应用过去完成时。
22.would have句意:幸运的是我们预订了一间房。否则,我们现在就没有待的地方了。根据语境可知or之前的句子是陈述语气,是事实;or之后的句子是虚拟语气,是与现在事实相反的假设,故用would have。
23.danced句意:Ellen是一个极出色的舞者。我希望我能够跳得和她一样好。动词wish后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。再根据句意,此处表示对现在情况的一种假设,所以从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式。
24.had been句意:如果Dewey先生在场的话,他就会为那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。从主句中的"would have offered"可以看出,从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故应用过去完成时。
25.would have come句意:我们进行调查研究的那几个月他们刚好在国外,否则他们会来帮忙的。此处为与过去情况相反的虚拟语气,故应用would have done结构。
26.had done as if引导的从句可以用虚拟语气,表示与某一事实相反的情况,因为第一句交代John打破窗户已经是过去的情况了,故从句用过去完成时。
27.Had he caught句意: 要是他赶上了上午的火车,他就不会开会迟到了。这是一个省略了if 的虚拟条件句,将句子还原后为If he had caught the morning train。主句中的"would not have been late"则暗示这里是对过去情况的假设,虚拟条件句中,如含有were, had, should等,且省略if 时,常用倒装。
28.hadn’t句意:—今天早上下大雨了。很高兴我们带了把伞。—是的,如果没带伞我们全身都会湿透的。从句意可知,题干下句所说的是非真实的情况,由题干上句中的时间状语this morning可知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,故从句谓语用过去完成时。此处if we hadn’t是省略句,其完整形式为if we hadn’t had one。
29.(should) be句意:眼科医生建议孩子6个月大时就应该进行第一次眼部检查。recommend 作"建议"讲时,其后的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气,即从句谓语形式为"should+动词原形",其中should可以省去。
30.去掉can或can→should suggest 意为"建议"时,其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。
2016-2018年模拟限时演练
A组基础题
A单句填空
31.(should) strengthen此处suggest意为"建议",后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语形式为"should+动词原形",其中should可以省略,故答案为(should) strengthen。
32.had taken考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们走了另一条路,我们就不会在交通堵塞中被困这么久。此处是对过去情况的假设,所以从句谓语用had done形式。
33.(should) be sent考查虚拟语气。句意:我坚持要求立即找个医生来。通过分析句子结构可知,这个句子包含一个宾语从句。在表示建议、要求、命令的动词后的宾语从句中,从句谓语形式要用"should+动词原形",should可以省略;send for sb."请某人来(帮忙等)",此处应用被动语态。
34.should考查情态动词。句意:这个包裹上的价格是错误的,应该是2.50美元,而不是3.50美元。根据句意可知此处用should表示"应该"。
35.would句意:—你看过《湄公河行动》这部电影吗?—看过。据说,这部电影如果被发现有损国家形象,它将在泰国被禁播。句中should用于if引导的虚拟条件句,意为"假如,万一",此处省略了if, should提至从句主语前,构成倒装结构;主句谓语要用"would+动词原形"。
36. was; stay第一个suggest是"表明,暗示"的意思,宾语从句中用陈述语气;第二个suggest是"建议"的意思,其后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气,即从句谓语形式为"should+动词原形",should可以省略。
37.can句意:据说,人们可以通过锻炼减少患某些严重疾病的风险。此处用情态动词can表示"能,可以"。
38.must考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意:他们一定喝得烂醉,当我们进入房间的时候四周乱放着很多的空啤酒瓶。must have done是对过去情况的肯定推测。
39.can’t句意:—他现在在办公室吗?—没有,他不可能在那里。我刚才看见他在图书馆。can’t"不可能",表示把握较大的否定推测。
40.should考查情态动词。"should have+过去分词"用于指本该发生而实际上未发生的情况。根据语境可知,我从没去过Stratford,尽管我可能理应去过。此处"I probably should"是省略句,其完整形式为I probably should have been there。
41.can’t句意:我再谢你也不为过,因为没有你的帮助,我不可能得一等奖。can’t...too much表示"再……也不为过"。
42.would have taken句意:那天我病了,否则我就参加运动会了。根据语境可推知设空处是对过去的情况进行虚拟,故答案为would have taken。
B单句改错
43.去掉must或者must→should suggest表示"建议"时,其后的宾语从句中谓语用动词原形或"should+动词原形"。
44.can’t → can句意:如果你感兴趣,请尽快让我知道。那样的话,我就可以提前买票。故此处应该用情态动词can。
45. would → should句意:他认为,我们不仅应该知道"什么",还要理解"为什么"。此处应用表示"应该"的should。
46.reduced→reduce句意:我跟组织者进行了沟通,建议他们缩短跳舞的时间和减少音乐的噪音。suggest表示"建议"时,其后的宾语从句谓语要用(should)do, and是并列连词,故reduced应改成动词原形。
47.must→could或might句意:同时,我发现拥有更多的耐心,我就能使玩具更耐用。由句意可知,该处用情态动词could或might。
48.am→were这是一个典型的主从条件句,表示与现在及将来事实相反的假设,条件从句用一般过去时或were表示虚拟语气。
49.must→can语境表示她有时候会很顽皮,must用在肯定句中表示对具体情形语气强烈的肯定判断,不符合句意,此处应该用can表示某人一时的特征,意为"有时会,时而可能"。
50.helped前加have语境表示对过去动作的惋惜之情,用"ought to/should have done"表示"本该做但是没做"。
51.te lling→tell suggest意为"建议",后接that引导的宾语从句时,从句用虚拟语气,谓语用"(should+)动词原形"。
52.can→could语境表示的是过去的动作,因此这里用情态动词can的过去式。
53.enriched→enrich由情态动词can可知,应用动词原形。
54.would→will结合语境可以看出这里说的是将来的打算,因此不能用表示过去的情态动词would而应用will表示将来的动作。
B组提升题
A专项语篇型填空(情态动词和虚拟语气)
作者上班总是迟到,而他的同事汤姆从来不迟到,因此,作者认为他肯定住得离公司很近。
1.must这里用must表示肯定的推测,"他的家离公司肯定很近"。
2.can’t根据句意的连贯性可知,这里用can’t表示"肯定不会(做某事)"。
3.lived根据句意可知,本空在句中作wish后面宾语从句的谓语,表示与现在事实相反的假设,是虚拟语气,故从句谓语用一般过去时。
4.need语境表示"这样我就没必要每天起得那么早了",用need not表示"没必要(做某事)"。
5.have arrived语境叙述的是与过去事实相反的假设,主句用would have done,因此本空填提示词的完成式。
6.should这里使用了"demand that+宾语从句"结构,此时宾语从句的谓语形式用"(should+)动词原形"。
7.would punish这个主从条件句表示对将来的虚拟,主句用"would+动词原形"的虚拟语气形式。
8.must这里用情态动词must表示"必须":我必须放下一切事情,去睡觉了。
9.went/should go在"It’s time that..."句型中,从句谓语动词要用过去式或"should+动词原形"(should不可省略)。
10.arrived在"would rather+宾语从句"结构中,对现在或将来的情况进行假设时,宾语从句用虚拟语气,其谓语用一般过去时。
B语法填空
本文是说明文。一项研究表明,大部分成年人小时候都做过家务,而现在的大部分孩子不像以前的孩子那样做很多家务了。
41.actively考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰谓语动词,故要用副词形式actively。
42.the考查冠词。此处的"study"就是上文提到的那个"study",故用定冠词the表示特指。
43.on考查介词。根据固定搭配spend sth. on sth.可知,此处填介词on。
44.doing考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,这里说的是"停止做某事",而不是"停下来去做某事",故用stop doing sth.搭配。
45.who/that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中引导定语从句,先行词为the kids,指人,且关系代词在从句中作主语,因此本空填who/that。
46.to succeed考查非谓语动词。此处是be likely to do sth.结构,故填不定式。
47.is said考查时态和语态。本句含有"be said+动词不定式"结构,且这里说的是现在的一般情况,主语为Personal happiness,因此填is said。
48.helpful考查形容词。本空应填形容词helpful,与kind并列作表语。
49.dealt/should deal考查虚拟语气。It’s time (that)...句型中,that从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用一般过去时或should+do,其中should不可以省略。
50.messages考查名词复数。message是可数名词,其前没有冠词,故要用其复数形式。
C短文改错
本文介绍了阅读的重要性。
1.important→importance考查名词。该句中great为形容词,应当修饰名词。
2.去掉from考查介词。benefit from为固定搭配,意为"从……中受益",benefit作及物动词时,意为"使受益"。句意:阅读能使我们青少年受益很多。根据句意可知,该处应用benefit。
3.expanding→expand考查固定搭配。help sb. do sth.为固定搭配,意为"帮助某人做某事"。句意:第二,阅读帮助我们开阔眼界。
4.their→our考查人称代词。根据上文中的"our school grades" "helps us" "our horizons"可知,该处陈述的是"我们"的情况,故用our。句意:第三,阅读可能有助于找到解决我们自己的问题的方法。
5.a→an考查冠词。enjoyable为元音音素开头的单词,该处表示泛指,故用不定冠词an。句意:最后,阅读是一个令人愉快的经历。
6.is→be考查虚拟语气。suggest表示"建议",后接从句时,该从句应用虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词用(should)do。故用动词原形be。
7.of后加to考查动词不定式。句意:强烈建议充分利用我们的空余时间来尽量多地阅读。根据句意可知,该处表示目的,故用动词不定式。
8.read→reading考查动名词。devoted to意为"奉献于……的,致力于……的",to为介词,后接动词时用动名词形式。
9.active→actively考查副词。该处修饰动词短语participate in,故用副词形式。
10.what→where考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为some activities,在从句中作地点状语,故用where引导该定语从句。
情态动词和虚拟语气在高考大纲中的要求是学习资料
情态动词与虚拟语气 (1)情态动词的基本用法：①can与be able to的区别；②must与have to的区别；③shall的用法；④should的用法；⑤used to与would的用法；⑥may与might 的用法；⑦need与dare的用法； (2)情态动词表推测：①对现在和将来情况的推测；②对过去情况的推测； (3)虚拟语气的用法：①条件从句及含蓄条件引出的虚拟语气(but for, without, otherwise等)；②wish后跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气；③if only, as if/though, would rather, It's high time后跟从句中的虚拟语气；④表示“建议，要求，命令，坚持”等词后跟从句中的虚拟语气。 注意几个考点： must“非得，偏要”, 用于疑问句或条件从句中； shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等； should“竟然” cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”；“越……越好” May you succeed！祝你成功！ may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如” must强调主观方面的必须否定形式是needn't/don't have to have to表示“不得不，必须”，强调客观因素所迫而必须去做的事情 would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义 ※shall的用法 (1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 Shall I go out for a walk after supper? 晚饭后我可以散散步吗？ (2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁，或用于正式法律、条规中。 —Will you read me a story, Mummy? —OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.[摘自2011·陕西高考] ——妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？ ——好的，如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。 ※should的用法 (1)表示一种“义务或职责”，通常理解为“应该”。 You should take the medicine with a full glass of water. 你应该用满满一杯水来服这种药。 (2)表示惊奇、赞叹、不满等情绪。 It never occurred to me that she should lie to me again. 我从来没有想到她竟然又骗我。
情态动词与虚拟语气
情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义，可以表达某种感情和说话的语气，但是它不可以单独使用 作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法，特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理，更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理，编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有：must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度，不能单独作谓语，与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征：可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 （1）表示现在的能力，用can 或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can，表示“经过努力成功 的做成某事”用be able to。 （2）表示过去的能力，用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 （3）表示将来的能力，用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 （1）can 用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性，而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如：Accidents can happy on such rainy days. （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词，其表示可能性的层次如下表： 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会,,吗？ would 可能性较will 小不会、不该（较won’t 弱）会,,吗？（较will 弱） should 应该会、理应（表示合乎理想的情况或结果） ought to 与should 同义 can 一定不会、不可能（否定推测）有可能吗？ could 可疑的可能不可能（与can’t 同义）有可能吗？（较can 弱）may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能（较may 弱）可能不（较may not 弱） 注意→（1）may，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 （2）can 常用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。
情态动词虚拟语气练习及答案
@ 情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ） 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. ~ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ~ 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t < 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. — Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. — _______ I take the book out —I'm afraid not. *
高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点
情态动词与虚拟语气 常考考点一情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟
1.I have watched that movie it’ll give me horrible dreams. A.Shouldn’t ’t ’t ’t 2.Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. ’t ’t ’t ’t , Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday. -----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. 、 ’t ’t
have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. 5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. express B. would express have expressed have expressed 6. -----I’m sorry. I at you the other day. ------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself. ’t shout ’t have shouted is my dictionary I remember I put it here yesterday. # -------You it in the wrong place. A.must put B. should have put put have put 8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. have taken have taken ’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken 9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning. ’t ’t ’t ’t did you do on the driving test ---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous. do have done ’t have done D. should do
2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 含答案
专题六情态动词和虚拟语气 1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A .may B .can C . must D .dare 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢.结合句意，故选C. 【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析 【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境. 2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it. A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信.根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟.所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式.故选D. 【考点定位】虚拟语气 【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气. 3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.d idn’t write B. hadn’t written C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句
情态动词与虚拟语气
一．情态动词 1.---Could I borrow your dictionary? ----Yes,of course you_____. A.might B. will C. can D. should 2.---Shall we go skating or stay at home? ----Which _____do yourself? A.do you rather B.would you rather C.will you rather D.should you rather 3.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___be here at any moment. A. must B need C should D can 4.A computer __think for itself ,it must be told what to do. A. can’t B couldn’t C may not D might 5. Johnny,you ___play with the knife.You ___hurt yourself. A.won’t ;can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t 6.—Shall I tell John about it? -----No,you _____.I’ve told him already. A. needn’t B.wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 7.---Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ----______. A.I don’t B.I won’t C.I can’t D.I haven’t 8.He ____you more help,even though he was busy. A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give 9.----There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. ---It ___a comfortbable journey. A.can’t be B.shouldn’t be C.mustn’t have been D.couldn’t have been 10.I told Sally how to get there ,but perhaps I ___for her. A.had to write it out B.must to have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 11.---When can I come for photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon. ---They ___be ready by 12:00. A.can B. should C might D need 12.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ----Oh,did you?You ____with Barbara. A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed 13.-----Alice, you feed the bird today.____? -----But I fed it yesterday. A.do you B.will you C.didn’t you D.don’t you 14.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____get out. A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could
【11年高考】2004-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：情态动词、虚拟语气 (含详细解析)
百度文库版权所有，侵权必究 【11年高考】2004-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：情态动词、虚拟语气 2014全国高考汇编之虚拟语气+情态动词 一（2014安徽卷）30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past. A. had thrown B. will be throwing C. were throwing D. would have thrown 【考点】考察情态动词用法 【答案】D 【解析】句义：人们作者回收利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。Would have done过去常常做某事；是对过去发生的事情的推测。如果不适应情态动词，可以使用一般过去时threw。故D正确。 【举一反三】I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 【答案】D 【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。 【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。 二（2014北京卷）27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long. A. Can B. Must C. Shall D. Should 【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析 【答案】A 【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。根据句意可知本题使用can I…？表示询问对方是否允许。如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。 三（2014北京卷）34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map. A. are B. were C. will be D. would be 【考点】考察虚拟语气 【答案】D 【解析】本题考察的是if条件状语从句的虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反时，条件句中使用“一般过去时/were”，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：如果你没有把地图丢了，我们现在就会在宾馆里了。根据从句的did可知本句是与现在事实相反，故D正确。 【试题延伸】条件句的虚拟语气是考查的重点。如果过去事实相反，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句使用“情态动词+have done”;如果主句与现在事实相反，条件句中使用过去时，be动词使用were,主句中使用“情态动词+动词原形”；如果与将来事实相反，条件句中有三种：过去时；were to do ;should+动词原形，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”；要特别注意如果省略了if，句子要使用部分倒装的形式，把助动词，be动词，情态动词提之主语前。 【举一反三】Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often. A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. Were to live
情态动词和虚拟语气
情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词的用法要点 一、表能力 Can Am/is/are able to 表现在的能力 Will be able to 表将来的能力 could Was/were able to 表过去得能力 Could have+过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 二、表推测（可能性） 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及 具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may, must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句又可用于否定句、疑问句中。 This can’t/ couldn’t be done by him. This may not be done by him. He could be on his way home now. Can this be done by him? Mr Mush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. ---Are you coming to Jeff’party? ---I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead. (3) would, could, should, might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式。 This may/ might be done by him. (4)should 表推测时，表示确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果 He ought to/ should be here on time---he started early enough. We should arrive before dark. The roads should be less crowded today. 三、表示请求、允许、允诺 1.当对方是决策者时，你代表你（们）自己（I, we），或代表第三者（he she they）向对方（you）请示或提 出建议时用：
2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词 章振邦语法书页数标注
Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度, 而非过去时间, 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me? B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help . Want, wonder, think, hope
情态动词和虚拟语气2018年高考英语答题技巧及练习
1．(2016·新课标Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. 2．(2015·新课标Ⅰ)We must found ways to protect our environment. 3．(2015·四川)If you are me，would you talk to them? 1．(2016·浙江，15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005. 2．(2016·浙江，17)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm. 3．(2016·北京，34)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me，I could have helped. 4．(2015·北京，29)—Can't you stay a little longer? —It's getting late.I really ________go now.My daughter is home alone. 5．(2015·福建，27)—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again. —Oh，it's too bad.You ________have made full preparations. 6．(2015·陕西，23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ______(dance)as well as her. 7．(2015·天津，7)I ________ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 8．(2015·天津，13)I wish I ________(be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then. 9．(2015·重庆，12)You ________ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years. 10．(2014·湖南，25)—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. —Do you mean we ________ not bring anything with us? 11．(2014·福建，32)______(be)there no modern telecommunications, we would
情态动词和虚拟语气
要点一情态动词的基本用法 ,could 【温馨提示】 can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 ,might 【温馨提示】 may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 ,would 【温馨提示】 would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。
,should,ought to ,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn’t或don’t have to。(2) mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”;而don’t have to表示“不必”。(3) must只有一种形式,而have to有人称、时态的变化。 的用法 的用法
【温馨提示】 (1)dare用作情态动词有dare,dared两种形式。 (2)dare用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to可省去,但dare以动词-ing形式出现时,不定式符号to不能省略。 要点二“情态动词+have done ”的用法 have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can’t/cannot have done。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just can’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 have done意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 might have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done意为“可能没有做……”。 It’s no use going to his may not have gone may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 ought to have done表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to
情态动词和虚拟语气
谓语动词(情态动词、虚拟语气) 要点一情态动词的基本用法 【温馨提示】can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 2.may,might 【温馨提示】may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 【温馨提示】would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。 4.shall,should,ought to
5.must,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to 表示“不必”。(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。 7.dare 的用法 【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。 (2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。 要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法 1.must have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can ’t/cannot have done 。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just now.He can ’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 2.could have done 意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn ’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 3.may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done 意为“可能没有做……”。 It ’s no use going to his house.He may not have gone home.He may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。 他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 4.should/ought to have done 表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done 表示“本不该做某事却做了”。
高考英语 情态动词及虚拟语气
高考英语情态动词及虚拟语气 （2011·浙江温州十校联考）10．__________ the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily A．Had it not been for B．If it were not C．If it had not been for D．Were it not for D考查虚拟语气的用法。虚拟条件句如果if被省略，从句需部分倒装。 （2011·浙江温州八校返校联考）31．You ________ worry about it , as everything has been settled now． A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t B考查情态动词的用法。句意：你没必要为之而担心，因为现在一切都安置好了。（2011·浙江学军中学第一次月考）33. Why were you driving so fast? You somebody. A.mingt hurt B.might have hurt C.would hurt D.must have hurt B考查情态动词的用法。此处表示对过去事实没有把握的推测，故用might have done的形式。 （2011·重庆师大附中第一次月考）34.—It’s the office! So you ________ know eating is not allowed here. —Oh, sorry. A. must B. will C. may D. need A考查情态动词的用法。此处must意为：不准，禁止。 （2011·重庆师大附中第一次月考）32.But for their help, we ________ the program in time. A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished D考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有他的帮助，我们就不能按时完成那个项目。此处表示 与过去的事实相反。 （2011·唐山市摸底）14．Tom have come in person．He came such a long way just to tell us the result． A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．couldn’t B考查情态动词的用法。句意：汤姆没有必要亲自来。他走这么远的路就是为了告诉我们这结果。 （2011·河北正定中学第一次月考）8．Jam insisted that the book Mr Black referred to ．A．was worth buying B．was worth to be bought C．being worth buying D．be worth buying D考查虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法。insist后的宾语从句，在表示坚持某种建议时用虚拟语气should+动词原形。 （2011·浙江杭州西湖中学检测）30. We ________ last night , but we went to the concert instead. A. must have studied B. might study
(完整版)含有情态动词的虚拟语气
“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做” 1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 请看相关知识点： 一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。 二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。 三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？ 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？ 四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。 —What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost. —乔治发生了什么事？
高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气讲义
第五章情态动词和虚拟语气 一、情态动词的语法特征 (1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 (2)情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 (3)情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 (4)情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词、动名词等形式。 二、虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，多半不是事实，或与事实相反。 高考重点要求： 1、情态动词的基本用法 2、情态动词表示推测的语义差别 3、情态动词后接不定式完成体的不同意义 4、虚拟语气中情态动词的用法 第一节知识点概述 一、情态动词 （一）情态动词种类 1. can表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”、“技能”或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“可能性”, 但表示人的体力或智力的具体动作时须用be able to . He was able to do that without any help.他不需要任何帮助就能完成这项工作。 2. may表示“允许，可以”，相当于be allowed to . may或might可和as well连用，表示“建议”，译为“还是……的为好” You may as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们还是离那疯子远点为好。 You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。 3. must表示“必须”或“应当”、“一定”。 4. have to 加动词原形，表示“不得不”，“必须”，它比must更强调客观。 Tom had to work into the deep night every day to earn a living. 汤姆为了生计每天都得工作到深夜。 5. should 表示“劝告”，“建议”或“义务”时，译作“应当”，或表示“预测”和“可能”。 He should take care of his parents as they are old enough not to live on themselves. 由于父母亲老了，不能自理，他应当照顾他们。 He should be there now. 他应该在那儿。 should have done在虚拟语气中表示“责备或后悔”。 6. ought ，只有一种形式，且ought后必须加to，然后跟接动词原形表示“有义务”或“必要”做某事，译为“应当，应该”。 7. dare 可以用作情态动词，后面跟不带to的动词不定式，这主要用于否定句中，它本