Steve Jobs完整电子教案

S t e v e J o b s完整Steve Jobs’ Leadership AnalysisWang Teng 3339243HFT4295 - Leadership in the Hospitality Industry - Section RXDTUC-FIU Cooperative SchoolAbstractThis essay was written to demonstrate the career history, the leadership qualities and the leadership behaviors of Steve Jobs. Through all the research that I had done, I discovered Steve Jobs’ leadership traits such as energy, social background, self-confidence and the ability of speech, and therefore Steve Jobs appears to be a directive leader and a charismatic leader. Also, I applied his leadership qualities and behaviors to the hospitality industry.Keywords: Steve Jobs, Apple, leadership, hospitalityTable of Content Introduction (4)Legendary Career Experience (5)The Young Steve (5)1976-1985 (5)A Fresh Start (6)Magic Show Time (6)Leadership Traits of Steves Jobs (7)Physical and Background Traits (7)Personal or Ability Traits (8)Task or Social Traits (9)Leadership Beha viors of Steve Jobs (10)Charismatic and Transformational Leadership Behaviors (10)Directive Leadership Behaviors (11)Steve In Hospitality Business (11)Conclusion (13)Reference (15)IntroductionEven through we are living in the 21st centre, and with the power of the Internet, we are getting so much information everyday that we think nothing will surprise us, but it is still very hard to believe that a company can ever be so successful. Apple became the most valuable company in the world in August 11, 2011. (Markoff, 2011) Apple is a legendary company in the music, the mobile phone and the computer industry, with countless number of fans all over the world. It created the best music players -- iPods, which has a market share of 78% in the American market. (Cook, 2011) It has the No.1 music store in the world with twenty million songs waiting to be sold, and it had sold sixteen billion songs on the internet. (Cook, 2011) Macbook Air along with its operating system -- Mac OS Lion, is ranked the best laptop and the best operating system in the world. (Loftus, 2011) The iPhone 4 is the No.1 product in smart phone market with a customer satisfaction of 96%. (Cook, 2011) Apple is even richer than the American Federal Reserve, with an asset of cash of over seventy billion US dollars. (Yahoo Finance, 2011) Behind all these gorgeous data, is the creator and the soul of Apple, Steve Jobs, a man who changed the world.Steve Jobs is a hot topic, he is one of the most famous entrepreneurs in the world. He was the co-founder and CEO of Apple and Pixar, and he was also the largest individual shareholder of Disney. His black shirt and blue jeans became the symbol of silicon valley. The cancer that Steve Jobs had was destroying his health and he became thinner everyday, but when we look at his eyes, we can see a giant inside. Each time Steve Jobs gave a keynote about new products, the world will be shocked. If there is a word to describe Apple and Steve Jobs, the word must be “magical”.We all love him, however, God loves him more. Steve Jobs left us at October 5, 2011. Among all the comments about his death, I like what Obama said most “ S teve was among the greatest of American innovators - brave enough to think differently, bold enoughto believe he could change the world, and talented enough to do it.” (2011) Indeed, he not only changed the world, but also he changed me.Next we will take a look at what major events did Steve Jobs went through briefly, and then I will analysis his leadership traits and leadership behaviors as well as to apply them to hospitality industry.Legendary Career ExperienceThe young SteveSteve Jobs was born at February 24, 1955, San Francisco. (Young & Simon, 2010) Lots of Steve Jobs’ personalities were developed during his young age, such as his ability to give wonderful speeches. He always got what he wanted by convening people, for example, he convened his adopted parents to spent their whole life saving to sent him to Reed College, where he learnt the knowledge about font designing. Later he quitted the college and went to India to study buddhism, and this experience changed his way to act and to think forever. His childhood was spent near the silicon valley, and his neighbors were working for Hewlett-Packard at that time, and Steve Jobs was influenced a lot by these people who were working in the IT industry. In 1975, he met Steve Wozniak, who turned out to be a genius in electronics. When these two people became friends with each other, something big was about to happen.1976 - 1985Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak was both crazy about computers, but computers at that time was very huge and extremely expensive. So the two Steves decided to build a personal computer, and they did not realized that what they did changed the whole world. They built the first personal computer in the world in just a few weeks, it was the Apple I. Steve Jobs saw the value in this machine, and he was bright enough to see the future of personal computers. So they started the company called Apple in Steve Jobs’ garage with1300 dollars in the April fools’ day of 1976, and they sold out 50 Apple I computers in their first deal. (Young & Simon, 2010) Later on, Apple II computer blew people away, and the Wall Street Journal described Apple II as the bicycle for human being in the 21st centre. (1977) It changed the way of people thinking about a computer, and Apple, along with Steve Jobs, became world famous.However, the product after Apple II, the Lisa computer was the blasting fuse of Steve Jobs’ left. It was too expensive and people just couldn’t afford it. He made a huge mistake on marketing strategy, and Apple was in very bad situation. As a result, in 1985, Steve Jobs got fired by a company that he started.A fresh startSteve Jobs went out the slump by starting a new computer company called Next in 1986. Also, in the same year he started the computer animation company, Pixar, with a small team that he bought from the famous director, George Lucas. Steve Jobs’ vision was just amazing, with Pixar, he started a revolution in the movie industry. For example, the famous movie Toy Story was the box office champion of America in 1995. Those twoco mpanies played extremely important role in Steve Jobs’ legendary career, the Next helped him to get back to Apple and the Pixar helped him to became the largest individual share holder of Disney.Magical show timeWhen the “apple” without Jobs was going to be eaten, he came back, in 1996. He saved Apple. The world had never been better, because now it had the iMac, a computer with a design which looks like it comes from the outer space, and it ran Mac OS X, an operating system that he developed in Next. The iMac could not be any more successful. With the famous slogan: I think, therefore iMac, iMac won the best computer price by Time Magazine in 1998.In 2001, Apple released the iPod. iPod and the online music store -- iTunes, changed the music industry once for all. It changed the way people listen to music and the way people buy music, and iPods are the best music players in the world.Steve Jobs never stopped. In 2007, Apple reinvented the phone. iPhones became so popular in one night. Nokia was once the No.1 leader in mobile device industry, now the position belongs to Apple. (Jobs, 2009) iPhones changed the way people think of a phone, and as he said, “It is hard to remember what it was like before iPhone.” (Jobs, 2009) With the giant multi-touch screen, and millions of applications, iPhones are the best phone in the world.Just when people think that Apple can not be any more successful, Steve Jobs introduced iPad to the world in 2010. Again, this revolutionary device changed everything, and as he said, “ It works like magic.” (2010) It became a huge impact to publish industry and it can be seen everywhere in schools, companies and hospitals. There are so many sources to proof that iPads are so successful, but I think a quote by a famous American journali st, John Paczkowski can describe it best. He said, “ Consumers do not want tablets, they want iPads.” (2011)Before he could change the world once more, Steve Jobs left us. He once said in a speech in Stanford University that he lived everyday as the last day of his life. (2005) As the official obituary notice of Apple says, Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being. (2011) Steve Jobs’ spirit will always stay in Apple’s products, and he had became a truly legendary forever.Leadership Traits of Steve JobsPhysical and Background TraitsOn the internet we can find an interesting topic, three apples changed human beings forever. Eve’s apple, Newton’s apple and Steve Jobs’ apple. (Sina, 2011) Steve Jobs isone of the best CEOs on the planet. In my understanding, his background contributed a lot to his later success. He was adopted by his biological parents and raised up by his adopted parents. Deep down in Jobs’ heart, he felt insecure, so he needed to achieve something and to show his value to others. He started his business so young and his ambition is infinite. Also, he lived so close to silicon valley that he started to know the technology industry since 1967. If Steve Jobs was living in New York, it could be a different story.Another leadership quality that Steve Jobs had, was energy. I have a perfect example, in october third, 2011, one day before Apple released the iPhone 4S, Tim Cook, who is currently the CEO of Apple, got a call from Steve Jobs. “ My boss wants me.” he said, and Jobs wanted to talk to him about their new product. The next day, Steve Jobs was gone. When a person is dying by cancer, the person will suffer so much that he can barely think. However, Steve Jobs was still working, and I think nobody can have more energy than him. Even though he was so slim that he could not fit his own cloth, we can still feel his charisma. Personality and Ability TraitsSteve Jobs is well known for his presentation, and he is an absolutely great speaker. When he was standing on the stage, he was attracting people’s attention like the magnet attracts iron. He would always use words like awesome, amazing and huge to notice people how great the product was, and he would play a video every 15 minutes to make sure the audiences do not feel tired. He never use a slide with more than 20 words, because he wanted people to remember the key points. Also, watching Steve Jobs’ presentation is like watching a Hollywood movie. In 1984 when he was introducing the Macintosh to the world, he said, “ Now for the very first time, I’d like the Mac to talk by itself.” The audiences was so excited, and what happened next, blew them away. Steve Jobs took out the Mac from a bag, and a floppy disk was plugged in, then the Mac said, “ Goo d evening ladies and gentlemen, it do feels good to get out of the bag.” (1984) The crowd was boiled, and the applause waslasting forever. Steve Jobs would use such presentations to introduce new products, and it is the best way to do advertisement.Every single Apple product, from the small iPod shuffle to the huge Mac pro, has the influence of Steve Jobs. He is super confident, and super dominant, and he will never stop working on the product until he felt satisfied. He would kill hundreds of simples everyday, without considering that designers had spent countless hours on them. When Apple engineers was designing a software called iDVD, Steve Jobs came in and destroyed everything they had built already. (Isaacson, 2011) He then drew a square on the wall, and he explained that customers should be able to drag the file into the square to finish a DVD burning process. All the engineers were shocked and they felt Jobs was extremely absurd. However, his design became so famous and customers loved it. What Jobs believed was, customers do not know what they really want, until you show it to them, (1989) and his ideas worked like magic. Steve’s confidence and dominance is the reason why Apple can be so successful today, and that is why after he passed by, so many people was worried about Apple’s future.Task and Social TraitsSteve Jobs said, “ Your time is limited, so do not waste your time living in others’ lives.” (2005) He wanted to think different from the others, and he wanted to change the world, which kept motivate him for so many years. Apple is always innovating, changed the music industry with iTunes, built the best notebooks in the world, reinvented the phone, and invented a brand new category -- iPad. Again and again, Apple kept surprising the world, just when everybody thinks Apple can not be more successful, it will surprise everyone again when it releases new product.Also, Steve Jobs took the responsibility to make people’s lives better. For example, iPads are making people’s lives more convenient in schools, hospitals, officebuildings and homes. The latest technology of Apple, Siri, is changing the world. If tell Siri you are hungry, it will find out all the restaurants around you and rank them by people’s feedbacks. All because of him, we feel like we are living in the 21st centre.Leadership Behavior of Steve JobsCharismatic and Transformational Leadership BehaviorsWhen Steve Jobs was doing his presentation, the world is watching him -- he is a charismatic leader. People love to talk about his vision, and he saw what others can not see. When Nokia was the biggest mobile device producer in the world, people thought that a phone should look just like a Nokia phone, with plastic buttons and tough shells. However, Steve Jobs gave people a phone with only one button and a giant screen, which changed the way people think of a phone. As he said in 2007, iPhone was five years ahead of any other phone in the world. After that, everybody tried to copy iPhone, and no one could get even close. In 2008, Steve introduced the thinnest note book in the world -- Macbook air. Everybody started to copy it again, famous computer producers like Dell, Sony and Lenovo all released their thin notebooks, but those so called ultra books never become popular in the market. Wh en Apple brought iPad to the world, same story. Apple’s competitors are always trying to copy, but they are just chasing Jobs’ vision. They can never get close because Steve Jobs had already made a blueprint, which is an eco-system of iPhone, Mac and iPad. His vision is the biggest weapon of Apple, and he had already designed a bright future for his company.Steve Jobs was also a great transformational leader, he did an excellent job in leading the company’s change. When he went back to Apple in 1996, he ch anged the structure of the stockholders’ board, and he made it more effective. His salary was one dollar per year because the company was struggling in lack of cash, and he sent the signal to his employees that they are on the same boat. He then started to cooperate with Apple’s biggestcompetitor -- Microsoft, and Bill Gates borrowed him 1500 million dollars which saved the company. Before Jobs was back, Apple had a market share of 1% in personal computer market and Apple’s employees would not tell others that they work for Apple, because they would feel embarrassed. (Young & Simon, 2010) Steve did a perfect job in cheering up the company, he said “Together with Microsoft, we have a market share of 100%.”(1996) All because Steve Jobs was a great transformational leader, Apple climbed out of the big slump. Directive Leadership BehaviorLots of people agree that “Steve Jobs is a dictator.” (Lashinsky, 2009) As we discussed, Steve Jobs was super confident and visionary, he would humiliate any body if they failed to meet his satisfaction. He wanted the company to be exactly the way he wanted, and he wanted his employees to do exactly the same as he told them. When Apple was designing the Macintosh computer, he suddenly went to the designing department and put a book on the desk, and he told the engineers the new computer should not be bigger than the book. (Isaacson,2011) Also, when the engineers were working on the first generation of iPod, Steve told them that he did not want to see any screw or button on the product. Even though someof his idea was unrealistic at that time, but people tried very hard to make it happen. Because of Steve’s direction, those products were so popular.I think a directive leader like Steve Jobs requires the person to be very talented, and such a leader will be brave enough to take the risk. Because of him, we have today’s Apple, and indeed, he was a great dictator.Steve In Hospitality BusinessSteve Jobs was such a great successful leader in the world of high technology, and people are really crazy about him. His leadership is so unique and special, and he had built his company into a legend. Is there anything that we, as people working in thehospitality industry, should learn from him? I think yes, there are, and there are lots of things that we should learn from him.First of all, hospitality firms should learn from Steve Jobs’ products. Let’s take iPhone as an example, iPhone was ranked No.1 in customer satisfaction(Markoff, 2011), and it is the best phone in the world. Why is that? Huge amount of the reason is because the detail of this product is far better than its competitors. A good example is that when you pick up a call and put the iPhone on your ear, the screen will automatically turns off to safe power and also to avoid control mistakes because the screen is a touch screen. And when the user finishes the call, the phone will automatically turns the screen on. Also, when a call comes while the customer is listening to music, the music will fade away. After the call, the music comes back automatically. What is even more impressing on the detail is, the lightness of the screen will change automatically based on the customer’s environment. It is these kinds of design that make the customers so satisfied. When we are building a hotel, we should do the same. Each employee should try to remember customers’ names, and there should be a glass of warm water and a welcome letter from the general manager of the hotel on the table when the guests come into the room. When the weather is raining, housekeepers should put umbrellas outside every guest room. Hotels should also remember every guest’s preferences, so that next time when the guest comes to stay, hotel can provide the service more effectively. By focusing on the details, guests feel like they are the kings and queens, and therefore they would love the hotel.Second, the hospitality industry should also be innovative, just like Steve Jobs and Apple. He is good at entering an industry and start a revolution by innovating. For example, he changed the whole music industry by iPod and the online store -- iTunes. iTunes is right now the largest music store in the world, and people had downloaded over 16 billion songs on it. ( Markoff, 2011) Without Jobs’ innovation, such a great business opportunity cannever be discovered. In hospitality we need that innovation too, and we need it badly. The competition among hotel brands is so intense, with everybody providing the similar product, so whoever knows how to make a difference will win. For example, new kind of hotels such as theme hotels, which has a different theme in every single room, is becoming so popular, especially among the young generation. And hotels are trying to bring in new technologies into the industry, such as using iPads to increase the user experience and the work efficiency. Also, new services in the tourism industry such as the private travel design service, is becoming so popular among rich people. Only innovation can bring us more opportunity, and we should always remember that.The third thing that we should learn from Steve Jobs is his charisma. He had the ability to convince people, and he knew how to make people to work happily. When he was leading a team to design the new computer called the Macintosh, the work was extremely tough and it required huge amount of time. He gathered his team and called them “ Pirates”, and he was their “ Captain Jack”. (Lyons, 2010) He used his charisma to stimulated his team’s passion to work, and he told them to “ Work 90 hours a week a nd love it!”, the team was so excited that they worked so hard and they felt proud for themselves. Steve’s influence on employees works like magic, and in hospitality industry he would become a successful “ Pirate” leader too. The hospitality industry requ ires the employees to have very stressful and exhausted jobs with low payment, the employees can feel depressed easily. However, all the services are delivered by employees, so if they are not happy, customers can not be happy too. A hospitality leader who has Steve’s charisma is going to make his employees work very hard happily, which will take the hotel’s service to the next level.ConclusionSteve Jobs is a great visionary leader who had changed the world forever. In the way of making people’s life bett er, he never stop and never give up. The decisions that he made, the ideas that he shared and the words that he said became priceless treasure for the world. Now he is gone, but his spirit remains in Apple’s gene forever.For us, the most important thing is to know how to apply his leadership traits and behaviors into the hospitality industry. I think not only the hospitality industry needs a charismatic leader just like him, but also the world needs more people like Steve to make our lives better. I wish I could be a successful leader just like him in the future.ReferenceLyons, D. (2010). Options: The secret life of steve jobs. Beijing: CITIC Publishing Group. Isaacson, W. (2011). Steve Jobs. Beijing: CITIC Publishing GroupYoung, S. & Simon, W. (2010). iCon Steve Jobs. Chichester, West Susse, England: John Wiley & SonsO'Rourke, M. ( 27 Oct. 2011). Jobs Opening from The Christian Century 127.22 (2010): 9, Gale Biography In Context. (Gale Document Number: GALE|A269689912) Lyons, D. (Apr. 2010). 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