2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级真题及详解

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有下画线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behaviour in my class.

A. control

B. accept

C. observe

D. regulate

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我绝不容许在我的课堂上出现这种行为。tolerate忍受，忍耐。accept接受，容许。二者意思相近,可相互替换。control控制。observe观察；遵守。regulate调节；规定。因此，本题正确答案为B。

2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.

A. message

B. punishment

C. guilt

D. obligation

【答案】B

【解析】句意：法律规定量刑最多为三年。penalty惩罚。punishment惩罚，处罚。二者

意思相近，可相互替换。message信息。guilt罪行；内疚。obligation责任。因此，本题正确答案为B。

3. These products are inferior to those we bought last year.

A. poorer than

B. narrower than

C. larger than

D. richer than

【答案】A

【解析】句意：这些产品比我们去年买的差。inferior to不如，次于。poorer than比……差。二者意思相近，可相互替换。narrower than比……窄。larger than比……大。richer than 比……富有。故答案为A项。

4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.

A. pleased

B. brave

C. powerful

D. sensible

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这个组织有足够的勇气面对媒体。bold大胆的，英勇的。brave勇敢的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。pleased高兴的，喜欢的。powerful有权势的，强有力的。sensible明智的，合乎情理的。因此，本题正确答案为B。

5. The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.

A. improved

B. changed

C. worsened

D. developed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：该地区的政治形式迅速恶化。deteriorate恶化。worsen恶化，变坏。二者意思相近，可相互替换。因此，本题正确答案为C。

6. Most people find rejection hard to accept.

A. refusal

B. excuse

C. client

D. destiny

【答案】A

【解析】句意：大多数人发现很难接受拒绝。rejection拒绝。refusal拒绝，推却。二者意思相近，可相互替换。excuse借口，理由。client客户，顾客。destiny命运，定数。因此，本题正确答案为A。

7. They’re petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.

A. planning

B. preparing

C. looking

D. requesting

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他们请求在改进公共交通设施，以方便残疾人使用。petition请求，请愿。request请求，要求。二者意思相近，可相互替换。plan计划。prepare准备。look看。因此，本题正确答案为D。

8. He said some harsh words about his brother.

A. proper

B. normal

C. unkind

D. unclear

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他说了一些关于他兄弟的刺耳的话。harsh尖酸的，刻薄的。unkind不友好的，恶意的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。proper适合的，恰当的。normal正常的。unclear不清楚的。因此，本题正确答案为C。

9. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.

A. fear

B. limit

C. power

D. fool

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我惊恐地意识到我把礼物给忘了。horror恐惧。fear害怕，恐惧。二者意思相近，可相互替换。limit限制。power权利；力量。fool傻瓜。因此，本题正确答案为A。

10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.

A. fair

B. full

C. public

D. coexisting

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在旁边的楼里同时进行着另一场试验。simultaneous同时（发生）的。coexisting共存的；同时存在的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。fair公平的。full完全的；满的。public公共的，公开的。因此，本题正确答案为D。

11. He tried to assemble his thoughts.

A. gather

B. clear

C. share

D. spare

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他试图整理他的思绪。assemble组装；聚集。gather聚集。二者意思相

近，可相互替换。clear清除。share分享。spare空出。因此，本题正确答案为A。

12. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.

A. hide

B. handle

C. establish

D. disclose

【答案】D

【解析】句意：医生没有把真相告诉他。reveal泄露；揭发。disclose透露。二者意思相近，可相互替换。hide隐藏。handle处理。establish建立。因此，本题正确答案为D。

13. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.

A. flexible

B. reasonable

C. terrible

D. serious

【答案】C

【解析】句意：罪犯被关押在恶劣的环境中。appalling极其低劣的，可怕的。terrible可怕的，很糟的。二者意思相近，可相互替换。flexible灵活的，柔韧的。reasonable合理的。serious严肃的，严重的。因此，本题正确答案为C。

14. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.

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For example, The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear'' is better than "This stereo does not work." 坚定的有礼貌投诉通常是最有效的。尤其是当消费者能够证明物品存在的具体问题时，如果不能进行这种投诉，消费者可通过具体毛病的信息，而不是做笼统的陈述。例如，“左扬声器完全没有声音，右边发出的声音也不清楚”要比“这个录音机坏了”要好些。 The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers’ rights. 商店经理可能建议消费者向制造商写信。如果这样，消费者应该这么做，尽可能彬彬有礼又态度坚决的投诉。但是如果礼貌的投诉并没有获得预期的结果，消费者可以采取进一步的行动。他或她可威胁卖主把他带到法庭或向保护消费者权益的机关或官方机构告发卖主。 Question: What is the most effective way to make complaint? Answer: The most effective way to make complaint is to explain exactly what is wrong with the items. 例 5 When，in 1641，King Kristina of Denmark and Norway built the town of Christiansen in his own honor，he had to bribe people to move there by giving them tax exemptions。He picked a choice spot for his new city，a piece of land within a mountain-sheltered bay on Norway's southern coast．He built streets that were wide for their time, laid out blocks of row houses in a grid pattern，and provided every home with a garden, safe from public view and the noise of the street．1ndeed， some of his ideas一starting with the one of putting a town，where there was not any before一are being applied in Europe today。 1641年，当丹麦和挪威的克瑞斯廷国王以个人名义建立克瑞斯桑达城时，他不得不通过免税手段劝说人们搬迁到那儿。他慎重选择新城址，就是位于挪威南部海湾的四面环山的一块陆地上。他设计的街道是当时最宽阔的。成排的房屋都设计在方块街区内，并未设计区的每一家都建了一个花园，这样能避开行人的视线和街道的躁杂声。实际上，他的某些思想—以把一个城镇建在以前从未有过任何城镇的地方为首—今天仍在欧洲延用。 question:Some of King Kristina’s ideas are being applied in Europe today. What does this imp1y？ Answer: King Kristina was far-sighted and had an inventive mind. 例 6 The invention of light bulb by Thomas A。 Edison in l879 created a demand for a cheap，readily available fuel with which to generate large amounts of electric power。Coal seemed to fit the bill, and it fueled the earliest power stations. Since the First World War, coal-fired power plants have accounted for about half of the electricity produced in the United States each year.1n 1986 such plants had a combined generating capacity of 289,000 megawatts and consumed 83 percent of the nearly 9000 million tons of coal mined in the country that year. Given the uncertainty in the future growth of nuclear power and in the supply of oil and natural gas, coal-fired power plants could well provide up to 70 percent of the electric power in the United States by the end of the century。 1879年托马斯-艾迪生对灯泡的发明产生了一种价廉的而且使用方便的燃料的需求。用这种燃料可以释放大量的典礼，煤似乎能解决这一问题。她为最早的发电站提供了燃料。第一次世界大战以来，以煤为燃料的发电厂占美国每年发电总量的一半。1986年这些的发电厂的发电亮总和是289000兆瓦并消耗掉当年美国采煤总量90亿吨的83%。由于将来核电增长以及石油天然气供应的不稳定，到本世纪末，以煤为燃料的发电厂能够提供美国所需电力总量的70%之巨。 Question: According to the passage, why did coal become the principal source of electricity in the United States? Answer: Because it was comparatively plentiful and inexpensive. 例7 Receiving an“A'' on her history exam in the morning, getting her drive’s license in the afternoon, and coming home to a surprise birthday

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